Books

Reports

Papers

1.	Naoki HIROSE, Tianran LIU, Katsumi TAKAYAMA, Katsuto UEHARA, Takeshi TANEDA, Young Ho KIM, Vertical viscosity coefficient increased for high-resolution modeling of the Tsushima/Korea Strait, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 10.1175/JTECH-D-20-0156.1, 51, 6, 2021-2033, 2021.05, This study clarifies the necessity of an extraordinary large coefficient of vertical viscosity for dynamical ocean modeling in a shallow and narrow strait with complex bathymetry. Sensitivity experiments and objective analyses imply that background momentum viscosity is at the order of 100 cm2/s, while tracer diffusivity estimates are on the order of 0.1 cm2/s. The physical interpretation of these estimates is also discussed in the last part of this paper. To obtain reliable solutions, this study introduces cyclic application of the dynamical response to each parameter to minimize the number of long-term sensitivity experiments. The recycling Green’s function method yields weaker bottom friction and enhanced latent heat flux simultaneously with the increased viscosity in high-resolution modeling of the Tsushima/Korea Strait..
2.	Naoki Hirose, Yutaka Kumaki, Atsushi Kaneda, Kouta Ayukawa, Noriyuki Okei, Satoshi Ikeda, Yosuke Igeta, Tatsuro Watanabe, Numerical simulation of the abrupt occurrence of strong current in the southeastern Japan Sea, Continental Shelf Research, 10.1016/j.csr.2016.07.005, 143, 194-205, 2017.07, Coastal set-net fisheries have been frequently damaged by the occurrence of sudden current (known as kyucho) in the Japan Sea. In this study, a high-resolution coastal ocean model is developed to provide a means to predict this stormy current. The 1.5 km-mesh model nested in a regional ocean data assimilation system is driven by mesoscale atmospheric conditions at 1-hour intervals. The modeled results show rapid changes of the coastal current along the San-in Coast, on the eastern side of the Tango Peninsula, and around the Noto Peninsula and Sado Island, mostly associated with strong wind events. These modeled coastal water responses are consistent with in-situ velocity measurements. The simulation also shows that the vortex separated from the Tango Peninsula frequently grows to a bay-scale anticyclonic eddy in Wakasa Bay. Evidently, the coastal branch of the Tsushima Warm Current becomes unstable due to a strong meteorological disturbance resulting in the generation of this harmful eddy..
3.	Naoki Hirose, Katsumi Takayama, Jae-Hong Moon, Tatsuro Watanabe, Yoshinori Nishida, Regional data assimilation system extended to the East Asian marginal seas, Umi to Sora (Sea and Sky), 89, 2, 43-51, 2013.12, [URL].
4.	Hirose, N., Inverse estimation of empirical parameters used in a regional ocean circulation model, Journal of Oceanography, 10.1007/s10872-011-0041-4, 67, 3, 323-336, 2011.06.
5.	Jae Hong Moon, Naoki Hirose, Jong Hwan Yoon, Ig Chan Pang, Offshore detachment process of the low-salinity water around Changjiang Bank in the East China Sea, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 10.1175/2010JPO4167.1, 40, 5, 1035-1053, 2010.05, [URL], A patchlike structure of low-salinity water detached from the Chanjiang "Diluted Water" (CDW) is frequently observed in the East China Sea (ECS). In this study, the offshore detachment process of CDW into the ECS is examined using a three-dimensional numerical model. The model results show that low-salinity water is detached from the CDW plume by the intense tide-induced vertical mixing during the spring tide period when the tidal current becomes stronger. During the spring tide, thickness of the bottom mixed layer in the sloping bottom around Changjiang Bank reaches the mean water depth, implying that the stratification is completely destroyed in the entire water column. As a result, the offshore detachment of CDW occurs in the sloping side of the bank where the tidal energy dissipation is strong enough to overcome the buoyancy effect during this period. On the other hand, the surface stratification is retrieved during the neap tide period, because the tidal current becomes substantially weaker than that in the spring tide. Wind forcing over the ECS as well as tidal mixing is a critical factor for the detachment process because the surface wind primarily induces a northeastward CDW transport across the shelf region where tide-induced vertical mixing is strong. Moreover, the wind-enhanced cross-isobath transport of CDW causes a larger offshore low-salinity patch, indicating that the freshwater volume of the low-salinity patch closely depends on the wind magnitude..
6.	Onitsuka, G., N. Hirose, K. Miyahara, T. Ota, J. Hatayama, Y. Mitsunaga, and T. Goto, Numerical simulation of the migration and distribution of diamond squid (Thysanoteuthis rhombus) in the southwest Sea of Japan, Fisheries Oceanography, 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2009.00528.x, 19, 1, 63-75, 2010.01, [URL].
7.	Masaru Yamamoto, Naoki Hirose, Regional atmospheric simulation of monthly precipitation using high-resolution SST obtained from an ocean assimilation model Application to the wintertime Japan sea, Monthly Weather Review, 10.1175/2009MWR2488.1, 137, 7, 2164-2174, 2009.10, [URL], The present study examines the influence of an assimilation SST product on simulated monthly precipitation. The high-resolution SST structures located close to the oceanic front and coastal areas are important in regional atmospheric simulations over semienclosed marginal seas such as the Japan Sea. Two simulations are conducted using assimilation and interpolation SST products (experiments R and N, respectively), for January 2005. The surface heat fluxes and PBL height in experiment R are lower than those in experiment N in coastal areas and the cold tongue. A decrease of 4 K in SST leads to decreases of 120 W m-2 in surface sensible and latent fluxes and 300 m in PBL height. The precipitation in experiment R is less than that in experiment N for the sea area except at 38°N, 137°E. The cold tongue in the central Japan Sea acts to reduce moisture supply via the latent heat flux, resulting in low precipitation in coastal areas. The fact that the difference between observed and modeled precipitation in experiment R is 21% less than that in experiment N demonstrates that the assimilation of SST data leads to improved regional atmospheric simulations of monthly precipitation..
8.	Validation of the number of branches in the Tsushima Warm Current based on assimilated estimates.
9.	Jae Hong Moon, Naoki Hirose, Jong Hwan Yoon, Comparison of wind and tidal contributions to seasonal circulation of the Yellow Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research, 10.1029/2009JC005314., 114, 8, 2009.08, [URL], [1] Seasonal circulation of the Yellow Sea (YS) in response to wind and tidal forces is examined using a three-dimensional numerical model. Wind forcing affects the wintertime circulation of the YS; on the other hand, the summer southerly monsoon is weak and therefore has little impact on the circulation, on the basis of comparative experiments with and without wind conditions. Results indicate that the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) along the YS trough exists regardless of wind forcing. However, strong winter northerly winds intensify the southward coastal flows along both coasts of the YS, and therefore, the northward intrusion of the YSWC becomes stronger. These flows in the YS are substantially weakened when wind forcing is not applied to the model. In addition to wind-driven circulation, tide-induced circulation is also dominant in the YS, particularly in summer. In winter, the tidal effect weakens the upwind and downwind flows in response to the strong northerly winds, while in summer, tidal forcing induces a strong southward residual flow along the western slope and a cyclonic gyre with a bottom cold water dome at the central region of the YS. The southward residual current possibly explains the southward movement of the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water as observed in summer. Comparison to the effects of parameterized tidal mixing suggests that residual flow driven by explicit tidal forcing plays an important role in the summertime circulation of the YS..
10.	Naoki Hirose, Kazuya Nishimura, Masaru Yamamoto, Observational evidence of a warm ocean current preceding a winter teleconnection pattern in the northwestern Pacific, Geophysical Research Letters, 10.1029/2009GL037448, 36, 9, 2009.05, [URL], The role of the extratropical ocean in climate remains unclear due to the complexities in air-sea interaction processes. We have found robust evidence for the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) preceding the western Pacific (WP) teleconnection pattern by conducting an analysis over the past 30 years. The WP index in winter sharply succeeds the volume transport of the TWC in autumn, but rather smoothly connects with the El Niño indices, indicating a considerable role of the ocean current in the climate system. Correlation patterns of seasonal precipitation over the Japanese Islands are also consistent with this relationship. The significant lead-lag correlations with the coherent structures of surface temperature indicate ocean-to-atmosphere feedback in which the interannual variation of the wind-driven current, represented by the TWC transport, influences the regional climate conditions associated with the WP pattern in winter..
11.	Naoki Hirose, Hideyuki Kawamura, Ho Jin Lee, Jong Hwan Yoon, Sequential forecasting of the surface and subsurface conditions in the Japan Sea, Journal of Oceanography, 10.1007/s10872-007-0042-5, 63, 3, 467-481, 2007.06, [URL], This study estimates a realistic change of the Japan Sea by assimilating satellite measurements into an eddy-resolving circulation model. Suboptimal but feasible assimilation schemes of approximate filtering and nudging play essential roles in the system. The sequential update of error covariance significantly outperforms the asymptotic covariance in the sequential assimilation due to the irregular sampling patterns from multiple altimeter satellites. The best estimates show an average rms difference of only 1.2°C from the radiometer data, and also explain about half of the sea level variance measured by the altimeter observation. The subsurface conditions associated with the mesoscale variabilities are also improved, especially in the Tsushima Warm Current region. It is demonstrated that the forecast limit strongly depends on variable, depth, and location..
12.	Numerical simulation of Kyucho along the eastern coast of the Noto Peninsula in 2004.
13.	Naoki Hirose, Ken ichi Fukudome, Monitoring the Tsushima warm current improves seasonal prediction of the regional snowfall, Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere, 10.2151/sola.2006-016, 2, 61-63, 2006.01, [URL], Seasonal predictions of rain or snowfall are usually too uncertain at regional scales. We suggest utilizing subsurface ocean measurements to improve long-term weather forecasts. The example we give is that regional snowfall in Japan can be predicted by a simple regression from an acoustic Doppler current profiler attached to a regular ferryboat to observe the transport of the Tsushima Warm Current. The lag correlation is shown to exceed 0.75 attributed to the simple underling marine meteorology and regional oceanography. The relationship certainly improves seasonal precipitation estimates led by the winter monsoon absorbing the latent heat from the Japan Sea. We predict there will be less snowfall this winter of 2005/2006 than in 2004/2005 despite the heavy snowfall event in the last December..
14.	Hirose, N., I. Fukumori, C.-H. Kim, and J.-H. Yoon, Numerical simulation and satellite altimeter data assimilation of the Japan Sea circulation, Deep Sea Research II, 10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.09.034, 52, 11-13, 1443-1463, 52, 1443-1463, 2005.08.
15.	Hirose, N, Least-squares estimation of bottom topography using horizontal velocity measurements in the Tsushima/Korea Straits, Journal of Oceanography, 10.1007/s10872-005-0085-4, 61, 4, 789-794, 2005.08, [URL].
16.	Naoki Hirose, Ichiro Fukumori, Victor Zlotnicki, Rui M. Ponte, Modeling the high-frequency barotropic response of the ocean to atmospheric disturbances Sensitivity to forcing, topography, and friction, Journal of Geophysical Research, 106, C12, 30987-30995, 2001.12, This study examines high-frequency sea level variations forced by changes in surface atmospheric pressure and wind and their sensitivity to different forcing mechanisms, bottom topography resolution, and amount of friction in a barotropic ocean model. Optimal model performance, defined in terms of the explained variance in satellite altimeter and bottom pressure data, is found when using relatively strong friction, equivalent to a damping timescale of only a few days over the deep ocean, and topography with minimal smoothing. Spatial variations of the optimal friction parameter seem to reflect the roughness of bottom topography. The model demonstrates skill in simulating the wind-driven response as well as the nonequilibrium response to atmospheric pressure variations..
17.	Naoki Hirose, Ichiro Fukumori, Rui M. Ponte, A non-isostatic global sea level response to barometric pressure near 5 days, Geophysical Research Letters, 10.1029/2001GL012907, 28, 12, 2441-2444, 2001.06, [URL], Changes in surface atmospheric pressure usually induce an isostatic response in the ocean characterized by an adjustment in sea level at the rate of approximately -1cm/hPa. Nonisostatic signals are, however, observed at many tropical tide gauges at periods near 5 days. Our analysis of satellite observations reveals the global nature of these signals, involving nonisostatic sea level fluctuations with nearly uniform phase within separate basins and an out-of-phase oscillation between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Comparisons with a barotropic model further link the observed signals to forcing by a large scale pressure wave in the atmosphere and show that constrictions between basins prevent an isostatic response from being established. The apparent forced, nonresonant nature of the nonisostatic response contrasts with the predominantly resonant ocean dynamics at higher frequencies and may be relevant to explain the behavior of the long period tides..
18.	Naoki Hirose, Alexander G. Ostrovskii, Quasi-biennial variability in the Japan Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, C6, 14011-14027, 2000.06, [URL], The TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P) altimetry reveals quasi-biennial (QB) variability in the southern Japan Sea. Sea surface height anomalies of a biennial nature are most energetic in the Yamato Basin, the southeastern most part of the Japan Sea, where they can be as large as 20 cm and extend for 100-200 km. On the basis of the in situ measurements of Maizuru Marine Observatory, the 2-3 year variations are associated with thermohaline anomalies in the upper 300 m layer. The local QB oscillation is studied with a reduced gravity model of the Japan Sea. The model is forced by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting daily wind and seasonal inflows/outflows through the three major straits of the sea. The model sensitivity experiments suggest that the QB variability can be associated with the sea's response to wind forcing of particular years, more specifically, 1992 and 1996, and to some extent, 1994. An approximate Kalman filter is employed for assimilation of the T/P altimeter data into the reduced gravity model. It filters out observational noise and intraseasonal sea level variability and allows the model to dynamically interpolate T/P observations. The results of the assimilation indicate that the QB anomalies are strongest at 37.5° N, 134.5° E and propagate west-northwest with a speed of ∼0.01 m s-1, contributing to variations of the Tsushima Warm Current..
19.	Naoki Hirose, Ichiro Fukumori, Jong Hwan Yoon, Assimilation of TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data with a reduced gravity model of the Japan Sea, Journal of Oceanography, 10.1023/A:1007707405711, 55, 1, 53-64, 1999.02, [URL], Sea level data measured by TOPEX/POSEIDON over the Japan Sea from 1993 to 1994 is analyzed by assimilation using an approximate Kalman filter with a 1.5 layer (reduced-gravity) shallow water model. The study aims to extract signals associated with the first baroclinic mode and to determine the extent of its significance. The assimilation dramatically improves the model south of the Polar Front where as much as 20 cm2 of the observed sea level variance can be accounted for. In comparison, little variability in the northern cold water region is found consistent with the model dynamics, possibly due to significant differences in stratification..
20.	Naoki Hirose, Hyun Chul Lee, Jong Hwan Yoon, Surface heat flux in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 10.1175/1520-0485(1999)0292.0.CO;2, 29, 3, 401-417, 1999.01, [URL], Climatological monthly mean variations of the surface heat fluxes over the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea are calculated by both a data analysis and a numerical simulation. The result of the data analysis based on the empirical/bulk method agrees well with the directly observed solar radiation and several previous studies of the surface heat fluxes. An adjustment in the formation of the Haney-type heat flux is presented by comparing to the result of the bulk method. The numerical simulation of these seas using an ocean general circulation model demonstrates the success of the improved Haney-type condition over the original one in simulating sea surface temperature. The surface heat flux simulated in the Yellow Sea is more reasonable than by the data analysis considering the total heat budget of this sea..
21.	Hirose, N., C.-H. Kim, and J.-H. Yoon, Heat budget in the Japan Sea, Journal of Oceanography, 52, 553-574, 1996.10, [URL].
22.	Naoki Hirose, Cheol Ho Kim, Jong Hwan Yoon, Heat budget in the Japan sea, Journal of Oceanography, 10.1007/BF02238321, 52, 5, 553-574, 1996.01, [URL], The long-term mean (31-year mean) surface heat fluxes over the Japan Sea are estimated by the bulk method using the most of the available vessel data with the resolution of 1° × 1°. The long-term annual mean net heat flux is about -53 W m-2 (negative sign means upward heat flux) with the annual range from 133 W m-2 in May to -296 W m-2 in December. The small gain of heat in the area near Vladivostok seems to indicate the existence of cold water flowing from the north. In that area in winter, the mean loss of heat attains about 200 W m-2, and the Bowen's ratio is over the unity. The largest insolation occurs in May in the Japan Sea, and the upward latent heat flux becomes the largest in November in this area. The heat flux of Haney type is also calculated, and the result shows that the constant Q1 has the remarkable seasonal and spatial variation, while the coefficient Q2 has relatively small variation throughout all seasons. Under the assumption of constant volume transport of 1.35 × 106 m3s-1 through the Tsugaru Strait, the long-term averages of the volume transport through the Tsushima and Soya Straits are estimated to be about 2.20 and 0.85 × 106 m3s-1 from the result of the mean surface heat flax, respectively..

Works, Software and Database

1.	Data assimilation Research of the East Asian Marine System [URL].
2.	Japan Sea Forecasting System [URL].
3.	The four-dimensional estimates of the Japan Sea circulation are provided for any of those who are interested in them. The data covers the entire Japan Sea (33-52N, 126.5-142.5E) for period from January 2nd, 1992 to November 19th, 2000 (total 3245days) with daily interval. The 1/6-degree, 19-level GFDL MOM (OGCM) was driven by daily ECMWF forecast and monthly inflow and outflow at the three openings. Satellite altimeter data of TOPEX/POSEIDON and ERS-1/2 were assimilated into the model by using approximate Kalman filter and RTS smoother. Please visit the URL: http://nmg.riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp/~nick/Assim/AMOM6/index.html.

Presentations

1.	Naoki Hirose, Coastal ocean data assimilation with fishing vessels, Joint Workshop of the OS-Eval TT and CP-TT and SynObs Kick-Off, 2022.11.
2.	Naoki Hirose, Tianran Liu, Tetsutaro Takikawa, Katsumi Takayama, Takayuki Kokubo, QSF team members, Coastal ocean data assimilation improving fishing efficiency around the Kyushu Island, 2022 Ocean Sciences Meeting, 2022.02.
3.	Naoki HIROSE, Overview of physical oceanography research in Japan, 20th Pacific-Asian Marginal Seas meeting (PAMS 2019), 2019.03, [URL].
4.	Naoki Hirose, Coastal Ocean data assimilation experiment interacting with local fisheries, PAMS 2017 19th Pacific Asian Marginal Seas Meeting, 2017.04.
5.	Naoki HIROSE, Atsushi KANEDA, Noriyuki OOKEI, Yutaka KUMAKI, Keiichi YAMAZAKI, Tatsuro WATANABE, Development of Coastal Prediction System for the Southeastern Japan Sea, Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS) 11th Annual Meeting, 2014.08.
6.	Naoki Hirose, Katsumi Takayama, Improvement of ocean prediction model for the east Asian Marginal Seas, The 17th PAMS (Pacific Asian Marginal Seas) Meeting, 2013.04.
7.	Naoki HIROSE, Eunjeong LEE, and Yign NOH, Satellite data assimilation for diurnal SST changes, Spring Meeting of Oceanographic Society of Japan, 2012.03.
8.	Naoki Hirose, Data assimilation research of the East Asian marine system, GODAE OceanView (GOV) Coastal Oceans and Shelf Seas Task Team (COSS-TT) International Coordination Workshop 1 (ICW-1), 2012.01, [URL].
9.	Naoki Hirose, Ken-ichi Fukudome, Jae-Hong Moon, Tomoharu Senju, Satoshi Nakada, Toshihiro Tsuji, and Noriyuki Ookei, TAIRYO project: A real-time ocean prediction experiment for coastal fishery, The 16th Pacific-Asian Marginal Seas Meeting, 2011.04, [URL].
10.	N. Hirose, Influence of a warm ocean current on regional climate in winter, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, 2010.12, [URL].
11.	Hirose, N., Effective momentum flux and empirical parameters inversely estimated by model Green's functions in the East Asian marginal seas, Ocean Sciences Meeting, 2010.02, [URL].
12.	Hirose, N., Inverse estimation of empirical parameters in a circulation model for the East Asian marginal seas, 5th WMO Symposium on Data Assimilation, 2009.10, [URL].
13.	Hirose, N. and R. Kobayashi, Validation of the number of branches in the Tsushima Warm Current, The 15th Pacific-Agian Marginal Seas Meeting, 2009.04, [URL].
14.	Jae-Hong Moon, Naoki Hirose, Jong-Hwan Yoon and Ig-Chan Pang, Formation process of low-salinity water patches in the East China Sea, The 15th Pacific-Agian Marginal Seas Meeting, 2009.04, [URL].
15.	Hirose, N., J.-H. Moon, and K. Takamine, Data Assimilation Research of the East Asian Marine System: Sensitivity Studies, Workshop on Marine Environment in the East China Sea and Its Sound Future, 2008.12.
16.	In-Seong Han, T. Matsuno, T. Senjyu, N. Hirose, J.-H. Yoon, and Y.-S. Suh, Behavior of low salinity water mass from Northern East China Sea to Korea/Tsushima Strait, Workshop on Marine Environment in the East China Sea and Its Sound Future, 2008.12.
17.	Goh Onitsuka, N. Hirose, K. Miyahara, S. Watanabe, H. Semura and R. Hori, Monitoring and modeling (of marine environment) in the Japan Sea, Workshop on Marine Environment in the East China Sea and Its Sound Future, 2008.12.
18.	Yamamoto, M., and N. Hirose, Meteorological impact of regional ocean data assimilation: benefit of eddy-resolving SST estimates, Final Symposium of Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment, 2008.11.
19.	Watanabe, T., K. Takayama, D. Shimizu, and N. Hirose, Operational forecasting system of the Japan Sea for fishery environments, Final Symposium of Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment, 2008.11.
20.	Hirose, N., J.-H. Moon, H. Kawamura, and N. Okei, Data assimilation research of the east Asian marine system: preliminary results, Final Symposium of Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment, 2008.11.
21.	Zhu, J., T. Awaji, G. Brassington, N. Usui, N. Hirose, Y. H. Kim, Q. Liu, J. She, Y. Miyazawa, T. Watanabe, and M. Ravichandran, Asia and Oceania applications, Final Symposium of Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment, 2008.11.
22.	Moon, J.-H., N. Hirose, J.-H. Yoon, and I.-C. Pang, Detachment process of low-salinity water in the East China Sea, 日本海洋学会秋季大会, 2008.09.
23.	Watanabe, T., D. Simizu, O. Katoh, H. Iizumi, and N. Hirose, Numerical tracer study on the migration of the giant jellyfish (Nemoplilema nomurai) in the Japan Sea, Asia-Oceania Geosciences Society, 2008.06, [URL].
24.	Hirose, N. and K. Nishimura, Strong Influence of the Tsushima Warm Current on the Regional Climate in Winter, Asia-Oceania Geosciences Society, 2008.06, [URL].
25.	Hirose, N., and M. Yamamoto, Data assimilation modeling of the Japan/East Sea and its impact on regional meteorology, International Workshop for Numerical Ocean Modeling and Prediction, 2008.04.
26.	Naoki Hirose, Data assimilation modeling of the Japan Sea and its impact on regional meteorology, 1st DFG-JSPS Round Table, 2008.01.
27.	Nakada, S., Y. Sasajima, N. Hirose, J.-H. Yoon, Topographically induced seasonal upwelling and ageostrophy of the coastal Tsushima Warm Current, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, 2007.12.
28.	Moon, J. H., N. Hirose, J.-H. Yoon, and I.-C. Pang, Effect of the along-strait wind on the transport through the Korea/Tsushima Strait in September, International Workshops on "Monitoring and Forecasting of the Rapid Change in Ocean-Atmosphere Environment in the East Asia", 2007.11.
29.	, [URL].
30.	Hirose, N., S. M. Varlamov, T. Watanabe,H. Kawamura, and M. Yamamoto, A forecasting system of RIAM for the Japan/East Sea, GODAE Symposium on ocean data assimilation and prediction in Asia-Oceania, 2006.10.
31.	Ueno, G., T. Higuchi, T. Kagimoto, N. Hirose, Implementation of the ensemble Kalman filter and smoother for an intermediate ENSO model, GODAE Symposium on ocean data assimilation and prediction in Asia-Oceania, 2006.10.
32.	Hirose, N., H. Kawamura, and M. Yamamoto, Sequential state estimation using remote-sensing measurements in the Japan/East Sea, Western Pacific Geophys. Meet., 2006.07, [URL].
33.	Watanabe, T., N. Hirose, O. Katoh, and H. Iizumi, Numerical modeling on the migration of the giant jellyfish (Nemopilema nomurai) in the Japan Sea, Western Pacific Geophys. Meet., 2006.07, [URL].
34.	, [URL].
35.	, [URL].
36.	Hirose, N., and T. Watanabe, An eddy-assimilated model of the Japan/East Sea, Ocean Sciences Meeting, 2006.02, [URL].
37.	N. Hirose, Y. Asa, and T. Senjyu, Baroclinic near-inertial oscillation in the Japan/East Sea, 13th PAMS/JECSS meeting, 13th Pacific Asian Marginal Seas/Japan East China Sea Study meeting, 2005.07.
38.	Hirose, N., Assimilation of volume transport and sea surface temperature data into a Japan Sea circulation model, Ocean Sciences Meeting, 2004.01.
39.	Hirose, N, Reanalysis of the Japan Sea Circulation Using Approximate Smoother, International Union Geodesy and Geophysics, 2003.06.
40.	Hirose, N., J.-H. Yoon, S. M. Varlamov, H. J. Lee, T. Takikawa, H. Kawamura, and Y. Sasajima, A forecast system for the Japan/East Sea, Symposium on Space Platforms for Water and Climate Observation, 2003.03.
41.	Hirose, N., I. Fukumori, V. Zlotnicki, and R. M. Ponte, An ocean model for de-aliasing high-frequency barotropic sea level variations, Spring Meeting of American Geophysical Union, 2000.05.
42.	Hirose, N., and A. G. Ostrovskii, Quasi-biennial Variability in the Japan Sea, 3rd CREAMS International Symposium, 1999.01.
43.	Hirose, N., A. G. Ostrovskii, H. Hase, and J.-H. Yoon, Sea level anomaly propagation over the Japan Sea, 1998 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting, 1998.07.
44.	Hirose, N., and J.-H. Yoon, Separation of the East Korean Warm Current and the Deep Convection in the Japan Basin, Ocean Sciences Meeting, 1998.02.

Participating the education for Department of Earth System Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering Sciences

"Japan's Initiatives for UN Decade of Ocean Science"
"Ocean Prediction for Coastal Fisheries around Kyushu Island"

Working on using ICT to render the coastal fishing industry smarter was published.
Fishery operators can receive the results of forecasts of ocean conditions using an app that the assimilation development of a model, which is helpful for deciding the time and location of fishing.
The visualization of fishing conditions also helps to make the fishing industry more efficient in terms of reducing the amount of fuel and labor costs..