| 1. |
Receptiveness of Japanese Farmers towards an Environmental Payment Scheme : An Analysis of the Determining Factors behind Participation and Land Enrolment in an Environmentally Friendly Farming Practices. |
| 2. |
The implementation framework and practical issues of the agri-environmental stewardship in England
Agri-environmental schemes in England have been transformed in recent years. The primary objectives of agri-environment schemes have developed from initially aiming to hold back intensification of agricultural lands towards stimulating environmental enhancement of rural area including the agricultural lands. With the introduction of Environmental Stewardship (ES), the previous schemes such as Environmentally Sensitive Area and Countryside Stewardship schemes are integrated into the ES. Although the framework of the scheme has been studied, the mechanism and the actual implementation process for promoting and enhancing the environment had not been well documented. Further, the paper examined how the scheme has contributed to enhancement of biodiversity on the agricultural land. This is the first study that illustrates the mechanism and the actual implementation of the ES for biodiversity enhancement. This paper summarizes lessons learnt from the ES in England and provides suggestions that promotes biodiversity enhancement on the agricultural land.. |
| 3. |
The agri-environmental payment schemes in EU member states and their effects on biodiversity. |
| 4. |
Mochamad Indrawan, Mitsuyasu Yabe, Hisako Nomura, Rhett Harrison, Deconstructing satoyama - The socio-ecological landscape in Japan, Ecological Engineering, 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.12.038, Vol.64, pp.77-84, 2014.03, Satoyama is a traditional rural landscape in Japan, where secondary forests often play an essential role and traditional ecological knowledge has been important in sustaining this human-natural system. However, the definitions of satoyama are multiple and its typical forms have changed over time. This paper reviews the satoyama concept, with special reference to its evolving environmental and social significance, and its implications for sustainability of human-natural systems. The satoyama concept is characterized by multi-functionality, in which social and economic dimensions rather than ecological dimensions, dominate. Considering that the usage and management priorities of satoyama have been shaped by the evolving needs of the times, the contemporary needs of society should be accounted for in their continued management. Today satoyama have the potential to supply important ecosystem services, including the preservation of important cultural heritage, biodiversity conservation, and education. However, recognition and parameterization of potential trade-offs between these services is necessary and will require diverse site-specific strategies for sustaining satoyamas that foster new relevance, economic options and innovative management. As a socio-ecological construct, the quality and maintenance of satoyama systems will depend on the existence of adequate ecological knowledge to support the management decisions fitted to respond to current social needs. For many satoyama systems, such knowledge is inadequate. Ultimately, there is hope that the satoyama concept can be replicated elsewhere, so that land management can be tailored to the needs and capacities of the ecosystems and the communities that depend on them. © 2014.. |
| 5. |
Policy Implications of the Use of Feedback to Enhance Environmental Outcomes : a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Food Waste Scheme
A Randomised Control Trial (RCT) asked whether the use of tailored feedback could be used to encourage participation in a kerbside food waste recycling scheme in Oldham, Greater Manchester. The rationale for the trial was that most people underestimate the extent to which their peers engage in pro-social behaviour and compare their own behaviour to these under-estimates. We randomly assigned 318 streets to a treatment and control group. Households in the treatment group were sent two postcards that provided feedback on how their street performed on food waste recycling compared to the average for their neighbourhood. Participation in the food waste scheme was measured for all households on three occasions：at baseline, and after the receipt of the first and second feedback cards. We estimated the effect of our treatment using cross-classified multilevel logistic regression models, controlling for baseline, street size and the interaction of treatment and baseline. Normative feedback can have a positive impact on participation but the impact is small. The impact was greater on streets that were small (with between 8 and 30 households) and where the baseline was low. We also estimated that with the feedback postcard nudge, we can reduce food waste which can contribute 5,332 pounds worth less of food waste in the area. From the trials, feedback had the positive cumulative effect on the participation rate.. |
| 6. |
Girma Gezimu Gebre, Hiroshi Isoda, Dil Bahadur Rahut, Yuichiro Amekawa, Hisako Nomura, Gender differences in the adoption of agricultural technology: The case of improved maize varieties in southern Ethiopia, Women's Studies International Forum, 10.1016/j.wsif.2019.102264, Vol.76, 2019.09, © 2019 The Authors This study explores the role of gender-based decision-making in the adoption of improved maize varieties. The primary data were collected in 2018 from 560 farm households in Dawuro Zone, Ethiopia, and were comparatively analyzed across gender categories of households: male decision-making, female decision-making and joint decision-making, using a double-hurdle model. The results show that the intensity of improved maize varieties adopted on plots managed by male, female, and joint decision-making households are significantly different. This effect diminishes in the model when we take other factors into account. Using the gender of the heads of households and agricultural decision-maker, the current study did not find significant evidence of gender difference in the rate and intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties. The intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties is lower for female-headed households where decisions are made jointly by men and women, compared to the male-headed households where decisions are made jointly. As the economic status is a key driver of adoption of improved maize varieties, it is recommended that the policies and programs that aim at developing and disseminating quality maize seeds in southern Ethiopia should emphatically support economically less endowed but more gender egalitarian joint decision-making households, especially female-headed ones.. |
| 7. |
Significance and Issues of JICA Development Studies Program and International Graduate Programs for Universities. |
| 8. |
Sarah Cotterill, Peter John, Hanhua Liu, Hisako Nomura, How to get those recycling boxes out: A randomised controlled trial of a door to door recycling service -Final Report for the Project -, 2009.02. |
| 9. |
Wendy Olsen, Hisako Nomura, Methodological Review of Young Lives Project of Oxford University’, November, RES-201-31-0002, commissioned work for the mid-term review of a 5-year project funded by Economic and Social Research Committee (ESRC), 2007.11. |
| 10. |
Colin Kirkpatrick, Norman Lee, Julian Curren, James Franklin, Hisako Nomura, Further Development of the Methodology for a Sustainability Impact Assessment of Proposed WTO Negotiations –Final Report to the European Commission-,’ Institute for Development Policy and Management, Manchester, UK. |
