記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Dental Research  

Ectopic enrichment of oral microbes in the gut is a notable alteration in gut microbial balance. These microbes are likely delivered from the oral cavity with saliva and food; however, evidence of oral–gut microbial transmission is insufficient and needs further investigation. In this observational study, we examined 144 pairs of saliva and stool samples collected from community-dwelling adults to verify the oral–gut microbial link and identify the relevant influencing factors on the increased abundance of oral microbes within the gut. The bacterial composition of each sample was determined using PacBio single-molecule long-read sequencing of the full-length 16S ribosomal RNA gene and amplicon sequence variant (ASV) analysis. Although the bacterial compositions of salivary and gut microbiota were distinctly different, at least 1 ASV was shared between salivary and gut microbiota in 72.9% of subjects. Shared ASVs accounted for 0.0% to 63.1% (median 0.14%) of the gut microbiota in each subject and frequently included abundant Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus parasanguinis. Their total relative abundance in the gut was significantly higher in older subjects or those with dental plaque accumulation. The gut microbiota with ≥5% of shared ASVs displayed a higher abundance of Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Klebsiella and a lower abundance of Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Megamonas, and Parabacteroides. Our study presents evidence for the translocation of oral bacteria to the gut in community-dwelling adults and suggests that aging and dental plaque accumulation contribute to an increased abundance of oral microbes in the gut, which might be relevant to the compositional shift in the gut commensals.

DOI： 10.1177/00220345231160747

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：mSphere  

The tongue dorsum is colonized by a stable microbiota, mostly comprising common commensal taxa. However, the predominance of each taxon varies among individuals. We hypothesized that equilibrium in the tongue microbiota is affected by exposure to butyrate in the oral fluid, which is reported to affect the growth of specific microorganisms. In this study, the bacterial composition of the tongue microbiotas of 69 male adults was determined via 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate its relationship to n-butyric acid concentration in oral rinse samples. The tongue microbiotas of individuals with a higher n-butyric acid level had higher relative abundances of Prevotella histicola, Veillonella atypica, and Streptococcus parasanguinis and lower relative abundances of Neisseria subflava and Porphyromonas pasteri. Subsequently, tongue microbiota samples collected from 12 adults were cultivated for 13 h in basal medium containing mucin and different concentrations of sodium butyrate (0, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mM) to assess its effect on the growth of tongue microbiota organisms. The bacterial composition of the cultivated tongue microbiotas also demonstrated a significant gradual shift with an increase in sodium butyrate levels in beta-diversity analysis. N. subflava was significantly less predominant in the microbiota after cultivation with an increased addition of sodium butyrate, although no statistical difference was observed in the other aforementioned taxa. These results suggest that butyrate in the oral fluid is partially involved in the dysbiotic shift of the tongue microbiota. IMPORTANCE Oral microbial populations that are always ingested with saliva have attracted increasing attention because more oral microorganisms than previously known reach distal organs, such as the lungs and intestinal tract, thereby affecting our health. However, although such organisms are predominately derived from the tongue dorsum, the dynamics and determinants of the tongue microbiota composition remain unclear. This study demonstrated that exposure to butyrate could lead to a dysbiotic shift in the tongue microbiota using an observational epidemiological and microbiota cultivation approach. This result adds a new dimension to tongue microbiota ecology.

DOI： 10.1128/msphere.00490-22

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Clinical Periodontology  

Aim: To evaluate the longitudinal association between yogurt product intake and oral health in a population-based study. Materials and Methods: This study included 1967 Japanese residents aged 40–79 years who underwent dental examinations in 2012. Among them, 1469 participants were followed up in 2017 for the incidence of tooth loss, which was defined as two or more teeth lost over 5 years. The intake of yogurt products, defined as yogurt and lactic acid beverages, was estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The composition of the salivary microbiota was evaluated. Results: The Poisson regression model showed that a higher intake of yogurt products was negatively associated with the incidence of tooth loss (p for trend =.020), adjusted for potential confounding factors. Mediation analysis confirmed that periodontal condition partly mediated the effect of yogurt product intake on tooth loss, while dental caries experience did not. Additionally, we confirmed the association of a high intake of yogurt products with a low percentage of the salivary microbiota pattern, which was associated with poor oral health. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the intake of yogurt products is associated with a lower risk of tooth loss resulting from periodontal disease, probably via modulation of the oral microbiome composition.

DOI： 10.1111/jcpe.13593

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Journal of Periodontology  

Background: This study aimed to examine whether modifiable risk factors can predict tooth loss over 10 years and estimate population attributable risk (PAR) for a combination of modifiable factors. Methods: This longitudinal study included 1466 participants who underwent dental examinations in 2007 and 2017 and were aged 40 to 79 years at baseline. Periodontal conditions were assessed using the 2018 periodontal classification. Incident tooth loss was defined as ≥4 teeth lost over a 10-year period. We calculated the partial PAR (pPAR%) for tooth loss to estimate the combined effect of modifiable risk factors. Results: Incidence of tooth loss was 17.5%. Directed acyclic graphs were used to identify risk factors for tooth loss. A logistic regression model showed that baseline periodontitis, dental caries experience, no regular dental visit, periodontal treatment, smoking, and obesity were associated with tooth loss after adjusting for covariates; pPAR% was 55.5% (95% confidence interval: 31.1% to 73.0%) in periodontitis Stage III to IV and 87.6% (50.4% to 97.4%) in the combination of all factors, respectively. The sex-stratified analysis showed that smoking and no regular dental visit in men and obesity in women were identified as potential risk factors for tooth loss. Conclusions: Modifiable factors accounted for most cases of incident tooth loss. Risk factors for tooth loss might differ by sex, suggesting that the appropriate approach for preventing tooth loss base on sex.

DOI： 10.1002/JPER.21-0191

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：mBio  

The influx of maternal oral microbes is considered to play an important role in the acquisition and development of infant oral microbiota. In this study, we examined tongue swab samples from 448 mother-infant pairs at 4-month checkups. The bacterial composition of each sample was determined using PacBio single-molecule long-read sequencing of the full-length 16S rRNA gene and the amplicon sequence variant (ASV) approach. Although the infant oral microbiota was distinctly different from the mother oral microbiota, ASVs shared with their biological mother accounted for a median relative abundance of 9.7% (range of 0.0 to 99.3%), which was significantly higher than that of ASVs shared with unrelated mothers. This shared abundance was strongly associated with the feeding method of infants rather than their delivery mode or antibiotic exposure, and formula-fed infants had higher shared abundance than exclusively breastfed infants. Our study presents strain-level evidence for mother-to-infant transmission of oral bacteria and suggests that colonization of maternal oral bacteria is higher in formula-fed infants. IMPORTANCE Acquisition of oral bacteria during infancy can affect the subsequent formation of stable oral microbiota. This study focused on the mother-to-infant transmission of oral bacteria, a major acquisition route of infant oral microbiota, and demonstrated that most infants acquired oral bacteria from their biological mother even at the single-nucleotide level. Our results also indicated that the occupancies of maternal oral bacteria in infant oral microbiota were associated with the feeding methods of infants. These data could increase understanding of the early development of oral microbiota in infants and its potential associations with oral microbiota-related diseases.

DOI： 10.1128/mbio.03452-21

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048114.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0253502.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The tongue microbiota of elderly adults is composed of two cohabiting commensal groups and their ratios are related to the number of teeth with dental caries experience. In this study, the variation in the tongue microbiota of primary school children and its relationship with the dental caries experience were investigated. We examined the tongue microbiota of 138 children aged 6 to 7 years and 11 to 12 years (61 and 77 children, respectively) who underwent annual dental examinations. The bacterial composition was determined by sequencing the V1-V2 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Cooccurrence network analysis indicated two groups of cohabiting predominant commensals in the tongue microbiota of children. The microbiota in children without a history of dental caries showed significantly higher relative abundances of one of the cohabiting groups, primarily composed of Neisseria subflava, Porphyromonas pasteri, and Fusobacterium periodonticum, compared to that in children with a history of dental caries, which is consistent with that of elderly adults with fewer teeth with dental caries experience. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) further identified Streptococcus oralis subsp. dentisani, belonging to the aforementioned commensal group, as a discriminant species in children without dental caries experience aged 6 to 7 years and 11 to 12 years. Our results describe the tongue microbiota composition of primary school children without history of dental caries and support the possibility that dental caries experience is accompanied by a shift in the tongue microbiota.IMPORTANCE Dental caries is now considered to be caused by acids produced by the overall dental plaque microbiota rather than by specific pathogens. This study focused on the relationship between dental caries experience and the variations in tongue microbiota, which is adjacent but separate from the dental plaque microbiota. Our results demonstrated that the tongue microbiota of primary school children with no history of dental caries experience was composed of predominant commensals with different relative abundances compared to those present in children with dental caries experience, suggesting that dental caries experience is accompanied by a shift in the tongue microbiota. The maintenance of a healthy tongue microbiota may indirectly contribute to the prevention of dental caries.

DOI： 10.1128/mSphere.01252-20

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Numerous oral indigenous microorganisms are constantly introduced into the stomach via the laryngopharynx, and a portion of these microorganisms irregularly reaches the lower airways and lungs. This study investigated the association between airflow limitation and the status of tongue microbiota, which is a primary source of ingested oral bacterial populations. The study population consisted of 484 community-dwelling adults aged 70-80 years inhabiting Hisayama town, Japan, who underwent a regular health examination including dental examination and spirometry test in 2016. The bacterial density and composition of their tongue microbiota were determined using a previously used 16S rRNA gene to understand their relationship with oral health conditions. The present cross-sectional study compared the tongue microbiota status between elderly individuals with airflow limitation and those with normal airflow. The total bacterial density of the tongue microbiota of individuals with airflow limitation was significantly higher than that of individuals with normal airflow. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a high-biomass tongue microbiota was significantly associated with airflow limitation after adjustment for smoking intensity and other covariates (adjusted OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.01-2.60). Of the predominant commensals, higher amounts of Prevotella melaninogenica and Actinomyces odontolyticus were associated with a higher prevalence of airflow limitation. These results indicate that increased bacterial burden in the tongue microbiota is associated with a higher prevalence of airflow limitation.

DOI： 10.1183/23120541.00616-2020

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.3389/fcimb.2020.600884

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1186/s13104-020-05253-5

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008348

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.2334/josnusd.18-0269

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01780

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1128/mSphere.00187-19

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1128/mSystems.00360-19

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.2334/josnusd.17-0446

担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1128/mSphere.00332-18

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1093/gerona/glx205

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0174782

開催年月日： 2024年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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開催年月日： 2024年3月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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開催年月日： 2022年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Web開催   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Web開催   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年9月 - 2020年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Web開催   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年6月

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開催年月日： 2020年6月

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開催年月日： 2020年6月

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開催年月日： 2020年6月

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