記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

This paper presents SegmentedFusion, a method possessing the capability of reconstructing non-rigid 3D models of a human body by using a single depth camera with skeleton information. Our method estimates a dense volumetric 6D motion field that warps the integrated model into the live frame by segmenting a human body into different parts and building a canonical space for each part. The key feature of this work is that a deformed and connected canonical volume for each part is created, and it is used to integrate data. The dense volumetric warp field of one volume is represented efficiently by blending a few rigid transformations. Overall, SegmentedFusion is able to scan a non-rigidly deformed human surface as well as to estimate the dense motion field by using a consumer-grade depth camera. The experimental results demonstrate that SegmentedFusion is robust against fast inter-frame motion and topological changes. Since our method does not require prior assumption, SegmentedFusion can be applied to a wide range of human motions.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We propose a method to build in real-time animated 3D head models using a consumer-grade RGB-D camera. Our framework is the first one to provide simultaneously com- prehensive facial motion tracking and a detailed 3D model of the user’s head. Anyone’s head can be instantly recon- structed and his facial motion captured without requiring any training or pre-scanning. The user starts facing the camera with a neutral expression in the first frame, but is free to move, talk and change his face expression as he wills otherwise. The facial motion is tracked using a blendshape representation while the fine geometric details are captured using a Bump image mapped over the template mesh. We propose an efficient algorithm to grow and refine the 3D model of the head on-the-fly and in real-time. We demon- strate robust and high-fidelity simultaneous facial motion tracking and 3D head modeling results on a wide range of subjects with various head poses and facial expressions. Our proposed method offers interesting possibilities for an- imation production and 3D video telecommunications.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Based on the spherical harmonics representation of image formation, we derive a new photometric metric for evaluating the correctness of a given rigid transformation aligning two overlapping range images captured under unknown, distant, and general illumination. We estimate the surrounding illumination and albedo values of points of the two range images from the point correspondences induced by the input transformation. We then synthesize the color of both range images using albedo values transferred using the point correspondences to compute the photometric reprojection error. This way allows us to accurately register two range images by finding the transformation that minimizes the photometric reprojection error. We also propose a practical method using the proposed photometric metric to register pairs of range images devoid of salient geometric features, captured under unknown lighting. Our method uses a hypothesize-and-test strategy to search for the transformation that minimizes our photometric metric. Transformation candidates are efficiently generated by employing the spherical representation of each range image. Experimental results using both synthetic and real data demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed metric.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We propose a new two-step human body animation technique based on displacement mapping that can learn a detailed deformation space, works at interactive time (more than 30 fps) and can be directly integrated into standard animation environments. To achieve real-time animation we employ the template-based approach and model pose-dependent deformations with 2D displacement images. We propose our own template model to facilitate and automatize training data preparation. Key to achieve detailed animation with few artifacts is to learn pose-dependent displacements directly in the pose space, without having to predict skinning weights. In order to generalize to totally new motions we employ a two step approach where the first step contains knowledge about general human motion while second step contains information about user specific motion. Our experimental results show that our proposed method can animate an avatar up to 300 times faster than baselines while keeping similar or even better level of details.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Body language such as conversational gesture is a powerful way to ease communication. Conversational gestures do not only make a speech more lively but also contain semantic meaning that helps to stress important information in the discussion. In the field of robotics, giving conversational agents (humanoid robots or virtual avatars) the ability to properly use gestures is critical, yet remain a task of extraordinary difficulty. This is because given only a text as input, there are many possibilities and ambiguities to generate an appropriate gesture. Different to previous works we propose a new method that explicitly takes into account the gesture types to reduce these ambiguities and generate human-like conversational gestures. Key to our proposed system is a new gesture database built on the TED dataset that allows us to map a word to one of three types of gestures: “Imagistic” gestures, which express the content …

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

High-precision three-dimensional scanning systems have been intensively researched and developed. Recently, for acquisition of large scale scene with high density, simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) technique is preferred because of its simplicity; a single sensor that is moved around freely during 3D scanning. However, to integrate multiple scans, captured data as well as position of each sensor must be highly accurate, making these systems difficult to use in environments not accessible by humans, such as underwater, internal body, or outer space. In this paper, we propose a new, flexible system with multiple line lasers that reconstructs dense and accurate 3D scenes. The advantages of our proposed system are (1) no need of synchronization nor precalibration between lasers and a camera, and (2) the system can reconstruct 3D scenes in extreme conditions, such as underwater. We propose a …

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Pedestrian detection is a critical problem in many areas, such as smart cities, surveillance, monitoring, autonomous driving, and robotics. AI-based methods have made tremendous progress in the field in the last few years, but good performance is limited to data that match the training datasets. We present a multi-camera 3D pedestrian detection method that does not need to be trained using data from the target scene. The core idea of our approach consists in formulating consistency in multiple views as a graph clique cover problem. We estimate pedestrian ground location on the image plane using a novel method based on human body poses and person’s bounding boxes from an off-the-shelf monocular detector. We then project these locations onto the ground plane and fuse them with a new formulation of a clique cover problem from graph theory. We propose a new vertex ordering strategy to define fusion …

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

3D pedestrian tracking using multiple cameras is still a challenging task with many applications such as surveillance, behavioral analysis, statistical analysis, and more. Many of the existing tracking solutions involve training the algorithms on the target environment, which requires extensive time and effort. We propose an online 3D pedestrian tracking method for multi-camera environments based on a generalizable detection solution that does not require training with data of the target scene. We establish temporal relationships between people detected in different frames by using a combination of graph matching algorithm and Kalman filter. Our proposed method obtained a MOTA and MOTP of 77.1% and 96.4%, respectively on the test split of the public WILDTRACK dataset. Such results correspond to an improvement of approximately 3.4% and 22.2%, respectively, compared to the best existing online technique. Our experiments also demonstrate the advantages of using appearance information to improve the tracking performance.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

3D marker-less motion capture can be achieved by triangulating estimated multi-views 2D poses. However, when the 2D pose estimation fails, the 3D motion capture also fails. This is particularly challenging for sports performance of athletes, which have extreme poses. In extreme poses (like having the head down) state-of-the-art 2D pose estimator such as OpenPose do not work at all. In this paper, we propose a new method to improve the training of 2D pose estimators for extreme poses by leveraging a new sports dataset and our proposed data augmentation strategy. Our results show significant improvements over previous methods for 2D pose estimation of athletes performing acrobatic moves, while keeping state-of-the-art performance on standard datasets.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We propose a new 2D pose refinement network that learns to predict the human bias in the estimated 2D pose. There are biases in 2D pose estimations that are due to differences between annotations of 2D joint locations based on annotators’ perception and those defined by motion capture (MoCap) systems. These biases are crafted into publicly available 2D pose datasets and cannot be removed with existing error reduction approaches. Our proposed pose refinement network allows us to efficiently remove the human bias in the estimated 2D poses and achieve highly accurate multi-view 3D human pose estimation.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Localization is the process to compute sensor poses based on vision technologies such as visual Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (vSLAM). It can generally be applied to navigation systems . To achieve this, a global map is essential such that the relocalization process requires a single consistent map represented with an unified coordinate system. However, a large-scale global map cannot be created at once due to insufficient visual features at some moments. This paper presents an interactive method to generate a consistent global map from intermittent maps created by vSLAM independently via global reference points. First, vSLAM is applied to individual image sequences to create maps independently. At the same time, multiple reference points with known latitude and longitude are interactively recorded in each map. Then, the coordinate system of each individual map is converted into the one that has metric scale and unified axes with the reference points. Finally, the individual maps are merged into a single map based on the relative position of each origin. In the evaluation, we show the result of map merging and relocalization with our dataset to confirm the effectiveness of our method for navigation tasks. In addition, the report on participating in the navigation competition in a practical environment is also discussed.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（大学，研究機関等紀要）  

Reconstructing a 3D shape from a single 2D image is an ill-posed problem. This is because different 3D shapes may produce the same 2D image. Nevertheless, under some conditions and with the help of deep neural networks (DNN), approximate solutions can be obtained. The recent advances in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for 3D object shape reconstruction from a single image are particularly thrilling for the case of 3D human body shape retrieval. The 3D human body has been extensively studied and modelled using standard computer vision techniques, which give us a sufficient amount of prior knowledge to constrain the 3D shape recovery problem using DNN. Current solutions, however, fail to reconstruct the fine details of the body due to a required huge amount of memory that cannot be maintained even on modern GPUs. In this paper, we propose the tetrahedral volumetric truncated signed distance function (TSDF) model for the human body, and its corresponding part connection network (PCN) for detailed shape regression. Our proposed 3D representation requires a low amount of memory and allows us to reconstruct detailed shapes from a single RGB image. Experimental results using real data demonstrate that our proposed method is promising.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We present a technique for capturing facial performance in real time using an RGB-D camera. Such method can be applied to face augmentation by leveraging facial expression changes. The technique is able to perform both 3D facial modeling and facial motion tracking without the need of pre-scanning or training for a specific user.
The proposed approach builds on an existing method that we refer as FaceCap, which uses a blendshape representation and a Bump image for tracking facial motion and capturing geometric details. The original FaceCap algorithm fails in some scenarios with complex motion and occlusions, mainly due to problems in the face detection and tracking steps. FaceCap also has problems with the Bump image filtering step that generates outliers, causing more distortion on the 3D augmented blendshape.
In order to solve these problems, we propose two refinements: (a) a new framework for face detection and landmark localization based on the state-of-the-art methods MTCNN and CE-CLM, respectively; and (b) a simple but effective modification in the filtering step, removing reconstruction failures in the eye region.
Experiments showed that the proposed approach can deal with unconstrained scenarios, such as large head pose variations and partial occlusions, while achieving real-time execution.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

The recent developments of Mixed Reality devices and advances in 3D scene understanding and mapping unlock new possibilities for richer interactions between users, the surrounding 3D environment but also virtual agents. In this work, we present MeRA: an interactive Meditated Reality agent for ludic and educational applications. The agent evolves in mediated tabletop environment and can help the user to learn, play or create Tangram, a jigsaw-like traditional game. This opens new exciting perspectives for educational support of young children, who require active and human-like interactions.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Blendshape models are commonly used to track and re-target facial expressions to virtual avatars using RGB-D cameras and without using any facial marker. When using blendshape models, the target avatar model must possess a set of key-shapes that can be blended depending on the estimated facial expression. Creating realistic set of key-shapes is extremely difficult and requires time and professional expertise. As a consequence, blendshape-based re-targeting technology can only be used with a limited amount of pre-built avatar models, which is not attractive for the large public. In this paper, we propose an automatic method to easily generate realistic key-shapes of any avatar that map directly to the source blendshape model (the user is only required to select a few facial landmarks on the avatar mesh). By doing so, captured facial motion can be easily re-targeted to any avatar, even when the avatar has largely different shape and topology compared with the source template mesh. Our experimental results show the accuracy of our proposed method compared with the state-of-the-art method for mesh deformation transfer.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

With the recent developments of Mixed Reality (MR) devices and advances in 3D scene understanding, MR applications on mobile devices are becoming available to a large part of the society. These applications allow users to mix virtual content into the surrounding environment. However the ability to mediate (\textit{i.e.}, modify or alter) the surrounding environment remains a difficult and unsolved problem that limits the degree of immersion of current MR applications on mobile devices. In this paper, we present a method to mediate 2D views of a real environment using a single consumer-grade RGB-D camera and without the need of pre-scanning the scene. Our proposed method creates in real-time a dense and detailed keyframe-based 3D map of the real scene and takes advantage of a semantic instance segmentation to isolate target objects. We show that our proposed method allows to remove target objects in the environment and to replace them by their virtual counterpart, which are built on-the-fly. Such an approach is well suited for creating mobile Mediated Reality applications.

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（その他学術会議資料等）  

近年では、仲介現実（Mediated Reality）の設備と三次元復元に関する３D シーン理解の研究が行われてきた。仮想エージェントと人と周囲環境の相互作用手段が適用可能となった。本稿では仲介現実エージェントを紹介して、市販の手持ちRGBDカメラを用いた、モバイル機器上に仲介現実環境を構築する方法を提案した。

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

3D reconstruction of indoor scenes that contain non-rigidly moving human body using depth cameras is a task of extraordinary difficulty. Despite intensive efforts from the researchers in the 3D vision community, existing methods are still limited to reconstruct small scale scenes. This is because of the difficulty to track the camera motion when a target person moves in a totally different direction. Due to the narrow field of view (FoV) of consumer-grade red-green-blue-depth (RGB-D) cameras, a target person (generally put at about 2-3 meters from the camera) covers most of the FoV of the camera. Therefore, there are not enough features from the static background to track the motion of the camera. In this paper, we propose a system which reconstructs a moving human body and the background of an indoor scene using multiple depth cameras. Our system is composed of three Kinects that are approximately set in the same line and facing the same direction so that their FoV do not overlap (to avoid interference). Owing to this setup, we capture images of a person moving in a large scale indoor scene. The three Kinect cameras are calibrated with a robust method that uses three large non parallel planes. A moving person is detected by using human skeleton information, and is reconstructed separately from the static background. By separating the human body and the background, static 3D reconstruction can be adopted for the static background area while a method specialized for the human body area can be used to reconstruct the 3D model of the moving person. The experimental result shows the performance of proposed system for human body in a large-scale indoor scene.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

3D reconstruction of indoor scenes that contain non-rigidly moving human body using depth cameras is a task of extraordinary difficulty. Despite intensive efforts from the researchers in the 3D vision community, existing methods are still limited to reconstruct small scale scenes. This is because of the difficulty to track the camera motion when a target person moves in a totally different direction. Due to the narrow field of view (FoV) of consumer-grade red-green-blue-depth (RGB-D) cameras, a target person (generally put at about $2-3$ meters from the camera) covers most of the FoV of the camera. Therefore, there are not enough features from the static background to track the motion of the camera. In this paper, we propose a system which reconstructs a moving human body and the background of an indoor scene using multiple depth cameras. Our system is composed of three Kinects that are approximately set in the same line and facing the same direction so that their FoV do not overlap (to avoid interference). Owing to this setup, we capture images of a person moving in a large scale indoor scene. The three Kinect cameras are calibrated with a robust method that uses three large non parallel planes. A moving person is detected by using human skeleton information, and is reconstructed separately from the static background. By separating the human body and the background, static 3D reconstruction can be adopted for the static background area while a method specialized for the human body area can be used to reconstruct the 3D model of the moving person. The experimental result shows the performance of proposed system for human body in a large-scale indoor scene.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The urban environments represent challenging areas for handheld device pose estimation (ie, 3D position and 3D orientation) in large displacements. It is even more challenging with low-cost sensors and computational resources that are available in pedestrian mobile devices (ie, monocular camera and Inertial Measurement Unit). To address these challenges, we propose a continuous pose estimation based on monocular Visual Odometry. To solve the scale ambiguity and suppress the scale drift, an adaptive pedestrian step lengths estimation is used for the displacements on the horizontal plane. To complete the estimation, a handheld equipment height model, with respect to the Digital Terrain Model contained in Geographical Information Systems, is used for the displacement on the vertical axis. In addition, an accurate pose estimation based on the recognition of known objects is punctually used to correct the pose estimate and reset the monocular Visual Odometry. To validate the benefit of our framework, experimental data have been collected on a 0.7 km pedestrian path in an urban environment for various people. Thus, the proposed solution allows to achieve a positioning error of 1.6–7.5% of the walked distance, and confirms the benefit of the use of an adaptive step length compared to the use of a fixed-step length.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

This paper presents a framework of incremental 3D cuboid modeling by using the mapping results of an RGB-D camera based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system. This framework is useful in accurately creating cuboid CAD models from a point cloud in an online manner. While performing the RGB-D SLAM, planes are incrementally reconstructed from a point cloud in each frame to create a plane map. Then, cuboids are detected in the plane map by analyzing the positional relationships between the planes, such as orthogonality, convexity, and proximity. Finally, the position, pose, and size of a cuboid are determined by computing the intersection of three perpendicular planes. To suppress the false detection of the cuboids, the cuboid shapes are incrementally updated with sequential measurements to check the uncertainty of the cuboids. In addition, the drift error of the SLAM is compensated by the registration of the cuboids. As an application of our framework, an augmented reality-based interactive cuboid modeling system was developed. In the evaluation at cluttered environments, the precision and recall of the cuboid detection were investigated, compared with a batch-based cuboid detection method, so that the advantages of our proposed method were clarified.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Demand for indoor navigation systems has been rapidly increasing with regard to location-based services. As a cost-effective choice, inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) systems have been developed for years because they do not require external devices to be installed in the environment. In this paper, we propose a PDR system based on a chest-mounted IMU as a novel installation position for body-suit-type systems. Since the IMU is mounted on a part of the upper body, the framework of the zero-velocity update cannot be applied because there are no periodical moments of zero velocity. Therefore, we propose a novel regression model for estimating step lengths only with accelerations to correctly compute step displacement by using the IMU data acquired at the chest. In addition, we integrated the idea of an efficient map-matching algorithm based on particle filtering into our system to improve positioning and heading accuracy. Since our system was designed for 3D navigation, which can estimate position in a multifloor building, we used a barometer to update pedestrian altitude, and the components of our map are designed to explicitly represent building-floor information. With our complete PDR system, we were awarded second place in 10 teams for the IPIN 2018 Competition Track 2, achieving a mean error of 5.2 m after the 800 m walking event.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Multi-view dynamic three-dimensional reconstruction has typically required the use of custom shutter-synchronized camera rigs in order to capture scenes containing rapid movements or complex topology changes. In this paper, we demonstrate that multiple unsynchronized low-cost RGB-D cameras can be used for the same purpose. To alleviate issues caused by unsynchronized shutters, we propose a novel depth frame interpolation technique that allows synchronized data capture from highly dynamic 3D scenes. To manage the resulting huge number of input depth images, we also introduce an efficient moving least squares-based volumetric reconstruction method that generates triangle meshes of the scene. Our approach does not store the reconstruction volume in memory, making it memory-efficient and scalable to large scenes. Our implementation is completely GPU based and works in real time. The results shown herein, obtained with real data, demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method and its advantages compared to state-of-the-art approaches.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Stereo matching has been solved as a supervised learning task with convolutional neural network (CNN). However, CNN based approaches basically require huge memory use. In addition, it is still challenging to find correct correspondences between images at ill-posed dim and sensor noise regions. To solve these problems, we propose Sparse Cost Volume Net (SCV-Net) achieving high accuracy, low memory cost and fast computation. The idea of the cost volume for stereo matching was initially proposed in GC-Net. In our work, by making the cost volume compact and proposing an efficient similarity evaluation for the volume, we achieved faster stereo matching while improving the accuracy. Moreover, we propose to use weight normalization instead of commonly-used batch normalization for stereo matching tasks. This improves the robustness to not only sensor noises in images but also batch size in the training process. We evaluated our proposed network on the Scene Flow and KITTI 2015 datasets, its performance overall surpasses the GC-Net. Comparing with the GC-Net, our SCV-Net achieved to:(1) reduce 73.08% GPU memory cost;(2) reduce 61.11% processing time;(3) improve the 3PE from 2.87% to 2.61% on the KITTI 2015 dataset.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

This paper present a framework for incremental 3D cuboid modeling combined with RGB-D SLAM. While performing RGB-D SLAM, planes are incrementally reconstructed from point clouds. Then, cuboids are detected in the planes by analyzing the positional relationships between the planes; orthogonality, convexity, and proximity. Finally, the position, pose and size of a cuboid are determined by computing the intersection of three perpendicular planes. In addition, the cuboid shapes are incrementally updated to suppress false detections with sequential measurements. As an application of our framework, an augmented reality based interactive cuboid modeling system is introduced. In the evaluation at a cluttered environment, the precision and recall of the cuboid detection are improved with our framework owing to stable plane detection, compared with a batch based method.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

This paper presents a method for localizing primitive shapes in a dense point cloud computed by the RGB-D SLAM system. To stably generate a shape map containing only primitive shapes, the primitive shape is incrementally modeled by fusing the shapes estimated at previous frames in the SLAM, so that an accurate shape can be finally generated. Specifically, the history of the fusing process is used to avoid the influence of error accumulation in the SLAM. The point cloud of the shape is then updated by fusing the points in all the previous frames into a single point cloud. In the experimental results, we show that metric primitive modeling in texture-less and unprepared environments can be achieved online.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

When rendering virtual objects in a mixed reality application, it is helpful to have access to an environment map that captures the appearance of the scene from the perspective of the virtual object. It is straightforward to render virtual objects into such maps, but capturing and correctly rendering the real components of the scene into the map is much more challenging. This information is often recovered from physical light probes, such as reflective spheres or fisheye cameras, placed at the location of the virtual object in the scene. For many application areas, however, real light probes would be intrusive or impractical.
Ideally, all of the information necessary to produce detailed en- vironment maps could be captured using a single device. We intro- duce a method using an RGBD camera and a small fisheye camera, contained in a single unit, to create environment maps at any lo- cation in an indoor scene. The method combines the output from both cameras to correct for their limited field of view and the dis- placement from the virtual object, producing complete environment maps suitable for rendering the virtual content in real time. Our method improves on previous probeless approaches by its ability to recover high-frequency environment maps. We demonstrate how this can be used to render virtual objects which shadow, reflect and refract their environment convincingly.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Segmentation of 3D colored point clouds is a research field with renewed interest thanks to recent availability of inexpensive consumer RGB-D cameras and its importance as an unavoidable low-level step in many robotic applications. However, 3D data's nature makes the task challenging and, thus, many different techniques are being proposed, all of which require expensive computational costs. This paper presents a novel fast method for 3D colored point cloud segmentation. It starts with supervoxel partitioning of the cloud, i.e., an oversegmentation of the points in the cloud. Then it leverages on a novel metric exploiting both geometry and color to iteratively merge the supervoxels to obtain a 3D segmentation where the hierarchical structure of partitions is maintained. The algorithm also presents computational complexity linear to the size of the input. Experimental results over two publicly available datasets demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

When constructing a dense 3D model of an indoor static scene from a sequence of RGB-D images, the choice of the 3D representation (e.g. 3D mesh, cloud of points or implicit function) is of crucial importance. In the last few years, the volumetric truncated signed distance function (TSDF) and its extensions have become popular in the community and largely used for the task of dense 3D modelling using RGB-D sensors. However, as this representation is voxel based, it offers few possibilities for manipulating and/or editing the constructed 3D model, which limits its applicability. In particular, the amount of data required to maintain the volumetric TSDF rapidly becomes huge which limits possibilities for portability. Moreover, simplifications (such as mesh extraction and surface simplification) significantly reduce the accuracy of the 3D model (especially in the color space), and editing the 3D model is difficult. We propose a novel compact, flexible and accurate 3D surface representation based on parametric surface patches augmented by geometric and color texture images. Simple parametric shapes such as planes are roughly fitted to the input depth images, and the deviations of the 3D measurements to the fitted parametric surfaces are fused into a geometric texture image (called the Bump image). A confidence and color texture image are also built. Our 3D scene representation is accurate yet memory efficient. Moreover, updating or editing the 3D model becomes trivial since it is reduced to manipulating 2D images. Our experimental results demonstrate the advantages of our proposed 3D representation through a concrete indoor scene reconstruction application.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Hand-held consumer depth cameras have become a commodity tool for constructing 3D models of indoor environments in real time. Recently, many methods to fuse low quality depth images into a single dense and high fidelity 3D model have been proposed. Nonetheless, dealing with large-scale scenes remains a challenging problem. In particular, the accumulation of small errors due to imperfect camera localization becomes crucial (at large scale) and results in dramatic deformations of the built 3D model. These deformations have to be corrected whenever it is possible (when a loop exists for example). To facilitate such correction, we use a structured 3D representation where points are clustered into several planar patches that compose the scene. We then propose a two-stage framework to build in details and in real-time a large-scale 3D model. The first stage (the local mapping) generates local structured 3D models with rigidity constraints from short subsequences of RGB-D images. The second stage (the global mapping) aggregates all local 3D models into a single global model in a geometrically consistent manner. Minimizing deformations of the global model reduces to re-positioning the planar patches of the local models thanks to our structured 3D representation. This allows efficient, yet accurate computations. Our experiments using real data confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We propose a real-time multi-view landmark detector based on Deformable Part Models (DPM). The detector is composed of a mixture of tree based DPMs, each component describing landmark configurations in a specific range of viewing angles. The usage of view specific DPMs allows to capture a large range of poses and to deal with the problem of self-occlusions. Parameters of the detector are learned from annotated examples by the Structured Output Support Vector Machines algorithm. The learning objective is directly related to the performance measure used for detector evaluation. The tree based DPM allows to find a globally optimal landmark configuration by the dynamic programming. We propose a coarse-to-fine search strategy which allows real-time processing by the dynamic programming also on high resolution images. Empirical evaluation on “in the wild” images shows that the proposed detector is competitive with the state-of-the-art methods in terms of speed and accuracy yet it keeps the guarantee of finding a globally optimal estimate in contrast to other methods.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2016.02.004

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

While the problem of facial landmark detection is getting big attention in the computer vision
community recently, most of the methods deal only with near-frontal views and there is only
a few really multi-view detectors available, that are capable of detection in a wide range of
yaw angle (eg Φ ε (-90°, 90°)). We describe a multi-view facial landmark detector based on
the Deformable Part Models, which treats the problem of the simultaneous landmark
detection and the viewing angle estimation within a structured output classification
framework. We present an easily extensible and flexible framework which provides a real-
time performance on the “in the wild” images, evaluated on a challenging “Annotated Facial
Landmarks in the Wild” database. We show that our detector achieves better results than the
current state of the art in terms of the localization error.

DOI： 10.1109/FG.2015.7284810

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

The frame-to-global-model approach is widely used for accurate 3D modeling from sequences of RGB-D images. Because still no perfect camera tracking system exists, the accumulation of small errors generated when registering and integrating successive RGB-D images causes deformations of the 3D model being built up. In particular, the deformations become significant when the scale of the scene to model is large. To tackle this problem, we propose a two-stage strategy to build in details a large-scale 3D model with minimal deformations where the first stage creates accurate small-scale 3D scenes in real-time from short subsequences of RGB-D images while the second stage re-organises all the results from the first stage in a geometrically consistent manner to reduce deformations as much as possible. By employing planar patches as the 3D scene representation, our proposed method runs in real-time to build accurate 3D models with minimal deformations even for large-scale scenes. Our experiments using real data confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Updating a global 3D model with live RGB-D measure- ments has proven to be successful for 3D reconstruction of indoor scenes. Recently, a Truncated Signed Distance Function (TSDF) volumetric model and a fusion algorithm have been introduced (KinectFusion), showing significant advantages such as computational speed and accuracy of the reconstructed scene. This algorithm, however, is expen- sive in memory when constructing and updating the global model. As a consequence, the method is not well scalable to large scenes. We propose a new flexible 3D scene repre- sentation using a set of planes that is cheap in memory use and, nevertheless, achieves accurate reconstruction of in- door scenes from RGB-D image sequences. Projecting the scene onto different planes reduces significantly the size of the scene representation and thus it allows us to generate a global textured 3D model with lower memory requirement while keeping accuracy and easiness to update with live RGB-D measurements. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed flexible 3D scene representation achieves accurate reconstruction, while keeping the scalability for large indoor scenes.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We introduce a method to discover objects from RGB-D image collections which does not
require a user to specify the number of objects expected to be found. We propose a
probabilistic formulation to find pairwise similarity between image segments, using a
classifier trained on labelled pairs from the recently released RGB-D Object Dataset. We
then use a correlation clustering solver to both find the optimal clustering of all the segments
in the collection and to recover the number of clusters. Unlike traditional supervised learning
methods, our training data need not be of the same class or category as the objects we
expect to discover. We show that this parameter-free supervised clustering method has
superior performance to traditional clustering methods.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We present a method for producing an accurate and compact 3-D face model in real time using a low cost RGB-D sensor like the Kinect camera. We extend and use Bump Images for highly accurate and low memory consumption 3-D reconstruction of the human face. Bump Images are generated by representing the Cartesian coordinates of points on the face in the spherical coordinate system whose origin is the center of the head. After initialization, the Bump Images are updated in real time with every RGB-D frame with respect to the current viewing direction and head pose that are estimated using the frame-to-global-model registration strategy. While high accuracy of the representation allows to recover fine details, low memory use opens new possible applications of consumer depth cameras such as 3-D video conferencing. We validate our approach by quantitatively comparing our result with the result obtained by a commercial high resolution laser scanner. We also discuss the potential of our proposed method for a 3-D video conferencing application with existing internet speeds.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We present a robust and accurate 3D registration method for a dense sequence of depth images taken from unknown viewpoints. Our method simultaneously estimates multiple extrinsic parameters of the depth images to obtain a registered full 3D model of the scanned scene. By arranging the depth measurements in a matrix form, we formulate the problem as a simultaneous estimation of multiple extrinsics and a low-rank matrix, which corresponds to the aligned depth images as well as a sparse error matrix. Unlike previous approaches that use sequential or heuristic global registration approaches, our solution method uses an advanced convex optimization technique for obtaining a robust solution via rank minimization. To achieve accurate computation, we develop a depth projection method that has minimum sensitivity to sampling by reading projected depth values in the input depth images. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through extensive experiments and compare it with previous standard techniques.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

3D modeling of a real scene stands for constructing a virtual represen- tation of the scene, generally simplified that can be used or modified at our will. Constructing such a 3D model by hand is a laborious and time consuming task, and automating the whole process has attracted growing in- terest in the computer vision field. In particular, the task of registering (i.e. aligning) different parts of the scene (called range images) acquired from different viewpoints is of crucial importance when constructing 3D models. During the last decades, researchers have concentrated their efforts on this problem and proposed several methodologies to automatically register range images. Thereby, key-point detectors and descriptors have been utilized to match points across different range images using geometric features or tex- tural features. Several similarity metrics have also been proposed to identify the overlapping regions. In spite of the advantages of the current methods, several limitation cases have been reported. In particular, when the scene lacks in discriminative geometric features, the difficulty of accounting for the changes in appearance of the scene observed in different poses, or from different viewpoints, significantly degrades the performance of the current methods. We address this issue by investigating the use of photometry (i.e. the relationship between geometry, reflectance properties and illumination) for range image registration. First, we propose a robust descriptor using albedo that is permissive to errors in the illumination estimation. Second, we propose an albedo extraction technique for specular surfaces that enlarges the range of materials we can deal with. Third, we propose a photometric metric under unknown lighting that allows registration of range images with- out any assumptions on the illumination. With these proposed methods, we significantly enlarge the practicability and range of applications of range image registration.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

This paper presents an illumination-free photometric metric for evaluating the goodness of a rigid transformation aligning two overlapping range images, under the assumption of Lambertian surface. Our metric is based on photometric re-projection error but not on feature detection and matching. We synthesize the color of one image using albedo of the other image to compute the photometric re-projection error. The unknown illumination and albedo are estimated from the correspondences induced by the input transformation using the spherical harmonics representation of image formation. This way allows us to derive an illumination-free photometric metric for range image alignment. We use a hypothesize-and-test method to search for the transformation that minimizes our illumination-free photometric function. Transformation candidates are efficiently generated by employing the spherical representation of each image. Experimental results using synthetic and real data show the usefulness of the proposed metric.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We propose a robust method for registering overlapping range images of a Lambertian object under a rough estimate of illumination. Because reflectance properties are invariant to changes in illumination, the albedo is promising to range image registration of Lambertian objects lacking in discriminative geometric features under variable illumination. We use adaptive regions in our method to model the local distribution of albedo, which enables us to stably extract the reliable attributes of each point against illumination estimates. We use a level-set method to grow robust and adaptive regions to define these attributes. A similarity metric between two attributes is also defined to match points in the overlapping area. Moreover, remaining mismatches are efficiently removed using the rigidity constraint of surfaces. Our experiments using synthetic and real data demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of our proposed method.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2010.11.016

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We present a method for range image registration of specular objects devoid of salient
geometric properties under complex lighting environment. Our method uses illumination
consistency on two range images to detect specular highlights, which are used to obtain
diffuse reflection components. By using light information estimated from the specular
highlights and the diffuse reflection components, we extract albedo at the surface of an
object, even under unknown complex lighting environment. We then robustly register the two
range images using extracted albedo. This technique can handle various kind of illumination
situations and can be applied to a wide range of materials. Our experiments using synthetic
data and real data show the effectiveness, the robustness and the accuracy of our proposed
method.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We present a method for range image registration of specular objects devoid of salient
geometric properties under complex lighting environment. We propose to use illumination
consistency on two range images to detect specular highlights, which are used to obtain
diffuse reflection components. By using light information estimated from the specular
highlights and the diffuse reflection components, we extract photometric features invariant to
changes in pose and illumination, even under unknown complex lighting environment. We
then robustly register the two range images using these features. This technique can handle
various kind of illumination situations and can be applied to a wide range of materials. Our
experiments using synthetic data show the effectiveness, the robustness and the accuracy of
our proposed method.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

We propose a robust registration method for range images under a rough estimate of
illumination. Because reflectance properties are invariant to changes in illumination, they
are promising to range image registration of objects lacking in discriminative geometric
features under variable illumination. In our method, we use adaptive regions to model the
local distribution of reflectance, which enables us to stably extract reliable attributes of each
point against illumination estimation. We use a level set method to grow robust and adaptive
regions to define these attributes. A similarity metric between two attributes is defined using
the principal component analysis to find matches. Moreover, remaining mismatches are
efficiently removed using the rigidity constraint of surfaces. Our experiments using synthetic
and real data demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of our proposed method.

開催年月日： 2021年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年5月

記述言語：英語  

国名：その他  

開催年月日： 2019年7月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Sapporo, Hokkaido   国名：日本国  

Consumer grade RGB-D cameras have become the commodity tool to build dense 3D models of indoor scenes. Motivated by the strong demand to build high-fidelity personal 3D avatars, there is now many efforts done to use RGB-D cameras to automatically reconstruct high-quality 3D models of the human body. This is a very difficult task because the human body non-rigidly moves during the scanning process. How to simultaneously reconstruct the detailed 3D shape of the body while accurately tracking the non-rigid motion is the main challenge that all successful systems must solve. In addition, to be used in portable devices such as smartphones, solutions that require few memory consumption and low computational power are needed. In this talk, we will first briefly review existing successful strategies for real-time 3D human body reconstruction. Then, we will present our proposed solution for 3D human body reconstruction that is light in memory consumption and computational power. Our main idea here is to separate the full body non-rigid reconstruction into multiple nearly-rigid reconstructions of body parts that are tightly stitched together.

開催年月日： 2019年6月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Osaka   国名：日本国  

In this talk I will describe a probabilistic approach for dynamic 3D face modeling using a consumer-grade RGB-D camera. In this research my goal is to formulate a strategy to fuse noisy 3D measurements captured with a Kinect camera into a 3D facial model without relying on explicit point correspondences. We propose to tackle this challenging problem with the Variational Message Passing (VMP) algorithm, which optimize a variational distribution using a message passing procedure on a graphical model. We show the validity of our formulation with real-data experiments.

開催年月日： 2018年6月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：National Center of Science, Tokyo, Japan   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年10月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Nantes   国名：フランス共和国  

When rendering virtual objects in a mixed reality application, it is helpful to have access to an environment map that captures the appearance of the scene from the perspective of the virtual object. It is straightforward to render virtual objects into such maps, but capturing and correctly rendering the real components of the scene into the map is much more challenging. This information is often recovered from physical light probes, such as reflective spheres or fisheye cameras, placed at the location of the virtual object in the scene. For many application areas, however, real light probes would be intrusive or impractical. Ideally, all of the information necessary to produce detailed environment maps could be captured using a single device. We introduce a method using an RGBD camera and a small fisheye camera, contained in a single unit, to create environment maps at any location in an indoor scene. The method combines the output from both cameras to correct for their limited field of view and the displacement from the virtual object, producing complete environment maps suitable for rendering the virtual content in real time. Our method improves on previous probeless approaches by its ability to recover high-frequency environment maps. We demonstrate how this can be used to render virtual objects which shadow, reflect and refract their environment convincingly.

開催年月日： 2017年7月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Hong Kong  

Segmentation of 3D colored point clouds is a research field with renewed interest thanks to recent availability of inexpensive consumer RGB-D cameras and its importance as an unavoidable low-level step in many robotic applications. However, 3D data's nature makes the task challenging and, thus, many different techniques are being proposed, all of which require expensive computational costs. This paper presents a novel fast method for 3D colored point cloud segmentation. It starts with supervoxel partitioning of the cloud, i.e., an oversegmentation of the points in the cloud. Then it leverages on a novel metric exploiting both geometry and color to iteratively merge the supervoxels to obtain a 3D segmentation where the hierarchical structure of partitions is maintained. The algorithm also presents computational complexity linear to the size of the input. Experimental results over two publicly available datasets demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques.

開催年月日： 2016年6月 - 2016年7月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Las Vegas   国名：アメリカ合衆国  

We propose a method to build in real-time animated 3D head models using a consumer-grade RGB-D camera. Our framework is the first one to provide simultaneously comprehensive facial motion tracking and a detailed 3D model of the user's head. Anyone's head can be instantly reconstructed and his facial motion captured without requiring any training or pre-scanning. The user starts facing the camera with a neutral expression in the first frame, but is free to move, talk and change his face expression as he wills otherwise. The facial motion is tracked using a blendshape representation while the fine geometric details are captured using a Bump image mapped over the template mesh. We propose an efficient algorithm to grow and refine the 3D model of the head on-the-fly and in real-time. We demonstrate robust and high-fidelity simultaneous facial motion tracking and 3D head modeling results on a wide range of subjects with various head poses and facial expressions. Our proposed method offers interesting possibilities for animation production and 3D video telecommunications.

開催年月日： 2014年12月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：3DV2014, Tokyo, Japan.   国名：日本国  

The generation of fine 3D models from RGB-D (color plus depth) measurements is of great interest for the computer vision community. Although the 3D reconstruction pipeline has been widely studied in the last decades, a new era has started recently with the advent of low cost consumer depth cameras (called RGB-D cameras) that capture RGB-D images at a video rate (e.g., Microsoft Kinect or Asus Xtion Pro). The introduction to the public of 3D measurements has brought its own revolution to the scientific community with many projects and applications using RGB-D cameras. In this tutorial, we will give an overview of the existing 3D reconstruction methods using a single RGB-D camera using various 3D representations, including point based representations (SURFELS), implicit volumetric representations (TSDF), patch based representations and parametric representations. These different 3D scene representations give us powerful tools to build virtual representations of the real world in real-time from RGB-D cameras. We can not only reconstruct small-scale static scenes but also large-scale scenes and dynamic scenes. We will also discuss about current trend in depth sensing and future challenges for 3D scene reconstruction.

開催年月日： 2014年9月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Zurich   国名：スイス連邦  

The frame-to-global-model approach is widely used for accurate 3D modeling from sequences of RGB-D images. Because still no perfect camera tracking system exists, the accumulation of small errors generated when registering and integrating successive RGB-D images causes deformations of the 3D model being built up. In particular, the deformations become significant when the scale of the scene to model is large. To tackle this problem, we propose a two-stage strategy to build in details a large-scale 3D model with minimal deformations where the first stage creates accurate small-scale 3D scenes in real-time from short subsequences of RGB-D images while the second stage re-organises all the results from the first stage in a geometrically consistent manner to reduce deformations as much as possible. By employing planar patches as the 3D scene representation, our proposed method runs in real-time to build accurate 3D models with minimal deformations even for large-scale scenes. Our experiments using real data confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method.

開催年月日： 2013年12月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Sydney, NSW   国名：オーストラリア連邦  

Updating a global 3D model with live RGB-D measurements has proven to be successful for 3D reconstruction of indoor scenes. Recently, a Truncated Signed Distance Function (TSDF) volumetric model and a fusion algorithm have been introduced (KinectFusion), showing significant advantages such as computational speed and accuracy of the reconstructed scene. This algorithm, however, is expensive in memory when constructing and updating the global model. As a consequence, the method is not well scalable to large scenes. We propose a new flexible 3D scene representation using a set of planes that is cheap in memory use and, nevertheless, achieves accurate reconstruction of indoor scenes from RGB-D image sequences. Projecting the scene onto different planes reduces significantly the size of the scene representation and thus it allows us to generate a global textured 3D model with lower memory requirement while keeping accuracy and easiness to update with live RGB-D measurements. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed flexible 3D scene representation achieves accurate reconstruction, while keeping the scalability for large indoor scenes.

開催年月日： 2013年12月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Sydney, NSW   国名：オーストラリア連邦  

We present a method for producing an accurate and compact 3-D face model in real time using a low cost RGB-D sensor like the Kinect camera. We extend and use Bump Images for highly accurate and low memory consumption 3-D reconstruction of the human face. Bump Images are generated by representing the Cartesian coordinates of points on the face in the spherical coordinate system whose origin is the center of the head. After initialization, the Bump Images are updated in real time with every RGB-D frame with respect to the current viewing direction and head pose that are estimated using the frame-to-global-model registration strategy. While high accuracy of the representation allows to recover fine details, low memory use opens new possible applications of consumer depth cameras such as 3-D video conferencing. We validate our approach by quantitatively comparing our result with the result obtained by a commercial high resolution laser scanner. We also discuss the potential of our proposed method for a 3-D video conferencing application with existing internet speeds.

開催年月日： 2013年11月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Tokyo   国名：日本国  

We introduce a method to discover objects from RGB-D image collections which does not require a user to specify the number of objects expected to be found. We propose a probabilistic formulation to find pairwise similarity between image segments, using a classifier trained on labelled pairs from the recently released RGB-D Object Dataset. We then use a correlation clustering solver to both find the optimal clustering of all the segments in the collection and to recover the number of clusters. Unlike traditional supervised learning methods, our training data need not be of the same class or category as the objects we expect to discover. We show that this parameter-free supervised clustering method has superior performance to traditional clustering methods.

開催年月日： 2012年10月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Zurich   国名：スイス連邦  

We present a robust and accurate 3D registration method for a dense sequence of depth images taken from unknown viewpoints. Our method simultaneously estimates multiple extrinsic parameters of the depth images to obtain a registered full 3D model of the scanned scene. By arranging the depth measurements in a matrix form, we formulate the problem as a simultaneous estimation of multiple extrinsics and a low-rank matrix, which corresponds to the aligned depth images as well as a sparse error matrix. Unlike previous approaches that use sequential or heuristic global registration approaches, our solution method uses an advanced convex optimization technique for obtaining a robust solution via rank minimization. To achieve accurate computation, we develop a depth projection method that has minimum sensitivity to sampling by reading projected depth values in the input depth images. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through extensive experiments and compare it with previous standard techniques.

開催年月日： 2012年1月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Breckenridge, CO   国名：アメリカ合衆国  

This paper presents an illumination-free photometric metric for evaluating the goodness of a rigid transformation aligning two overlapping range images, under the assumption of Lambertian surface. Our metric is based on photometric re-projection error but not on feature detection and matching. We synthesize the color of one image using albedo of the other image to compute the photometric re-projection error. The unknown illumination and albedo are estimated from the correspondences induced by the input transformation using the spherical harmonics representation of image formation. This way allows us to derive an illumination-free photometric metric for range image alignment. We use a hypothesize-and-test method to search for the transformation that minimizes our illumination-free photometric function. Transformation candidates are efficiently generated by employing the spherical representation of each image. Experimental results using synthetic and real data show the usefulness of the proposed metric.

開催年月日： 2009年9月 - 2009年10月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：Kyoto   国名：日本国  

We propose a robust registration method for range images under a rough estimate of illumination. Because reflectance properties are invariant to changes in illumination, they are promising to range image registration of objects lacking in discriminative geometric features under variable illumination. In our method, we use adaptive regions to model the local distribution of reflectance, which enables us to stably extract reliable attributes of each point against illumination estimation. We use a level set method to grow robust and adaptive regions to define these attributes. A similarity metric between two attributes is defined using the principal component analysis to find matches. Moreover, remaining mismatches are efficiently removed using the rigidity constraint of surfaces. Our experiments using synthetic and real data demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of our proposed method.

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：1,000

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：10,000

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：400

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：100

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：300

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：8,000

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：1,000

種別：査読等 

外国語雑誌　査読論文数：4

日本語雑誌　査読論文数：2

国際会議録　査読論文数：25

国内会議録　査読論文数：4

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：80

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：80

種別：査読等 

外国語雑誌　査読論文数：15

国際会議録　査読論文数：25

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：40

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：50

種別：査読等 

外国語雑誌　査読論文数：20

国際会議録　査読論文数：20

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

参加者数：15

種別：査読等 

外国語雑誌　査読論文数：10

国際会議録　査読論文数：24

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

種別：査読等 

外国語雑誌　査読論文数：2

国際会議録　査読論文数：19

国内会議録　査読論文数：1

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

種別：査読等 

外国語雑誌　査読論文数：1

国際会議録　査読論文数：12

種別：大会・シンポジウム等