Language：English   Publisher：Transdisciplinary Research and Education Center for Green Technologies, Kyushu University  

This paper presents a modelling of a high-frequency full bridge inverter for wireless power transmission (WPT) in Electric Vehicle (EV) charging applications. The inverter is designated at an operating frequency as high as 13.56 MHz in line with regulations for the industrial, scientific, and medical radio band (ISM band). Since the power is transferred wirelessly from the source to the EV, a coupling capacitive was used as a transmitter and receiver of the system. In this paper, the inverter model was simulated and analysed using LTSpice software. Different load changes and power are injected into the system. Furthermore, in order to obtain a robust system, the switching frequency of 13.56 MHz is used with some Dead Time (DT). The system already uses GaN MOSFETs for reliability and performance at high frequencies, in addition to LC impedance matching. The result is that by operating at a resonant frequency of 13.56 MHz with a resistive load of 50, it is obtained with a power of 2.3 kW that has been successfully transmitted with an efficiency of 89%.

DOI： 10.5109/7151734

Scopus

CiNii Research

Publisher：6th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Green Energy, CEEGE 2023  

Underwater capacitive power transfer (CPT) can provide an inexpensive and light electric charging solution with good misalignment tolerance for unmanned maritime vehicles. This paper investigates the effect of the changing of the frequency and the distance on the power transfer and overall efficiency of the underwater CPT system, considering the dielectric losses of the medium. It also proposes and validates a mathematical model for calculating the maximum available efficiency of the system. Using series compensations, the proposed CPT can transfer 48 W at 500 mm, 48 V input voltage, 516 kHz, and 54%.

DOI： 10.1109/CEEGE58447.2023.10246647

Web of Science

Scopus

Publisher：IEEE Access  

Capacitive power transfer (CPT) is a near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) technology that has attracted attention in different charging applications. By utilizing electric fields, CPT gives charging systems advantages in terms of cost, weight, flexibility, and mobility. This paper surveys a number of empirical published works in a period between 2015 and 2023. Additionally, it discusses theoretical and practical design considerations of a CPT system to understand and improve the technology and its applications. The paper studies the one- and two-port measuring approaches using vector network analyzers to determine the coupling parameters and compares the measurements to the simulated values using COMSOL Multiphysics

DOI： 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3283908

Web of Science

Scopus

Language：English   Publisher：Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University  

The application of organic photodetectors (OPD) in photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors has rapidly improved the skin compatibility of the sensors providing high flexibility and low weight that is essential for continuous and real-time physical condition monitoring, Combination of OPD with organic or inorganic LEDs with proper circuitry and algorithm can detect noise free accurate heart rate signal and measure the oxygen saturation in blood, very crucial for everyone including the critical patients. The advancement of the PPG sensor with the application of OPD along with the challenges associated with it and its way of further improvement has been presented in this paper. The improvement of PPG sensors with OPD will speed up the accurate measurement of everyday health conditions and reduce the possibility of sudden failure of human health conditions.

DOI： 10.5109/5909099

Scopus

CiNii Research

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：IOP Publishing Ltd  

The organic photodetectors (OPDs) with an interdigitated electrodes structure are analyzed to evaluate the optical crosstalk between neighboring pixels for the organic image sensor used in the fingerprint-on-display authentication system. The shorter exciton diffusion length of organic semiconductors in the OPD can promote the high resolution of the organic image sensor for full-display sensing applications. We demonstrated the photocurrent diffusion from the exposed area to the hidden electrodes by changing the distance to predict the minimum pixel pitch for the organic image sensor. Unexpectedly, the photocurrent diffusion was observed, even at 10 mu m length, as more significant than the expected exciton diffusion length.

DOI： 10.35848/1347-4065/ac89c1

Web of Science

Scopus

researchmap

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：IEEE  

Recently; the application of Fingerprint on Display (FOD) has attracted the attention of researchers. This system integrates optical sensors, used as the image sensor, and display for the biometric fingerprint scanning functionality. There are several approaches to consolidate this functionality within the entire display area The whole display sensing area can be achieved by using the organic photodiodes as one of the advantages is large-area deposition capability compared with the inorganic photodiodes. However, several challenges need to be addressed before realizing this system. Here, we have investigated the pinhole imaging technique to estimate the light distribution on the sensor pixel through the analysis process and identified the issues and important parameters to improve this system in the future.

Web of Science

researchmap

J-GLOBAL

researchmap

Publisher：Proceedings of the International Display Workshops  

Fingerprint on Display (FOD) has been widely studied for large area displays. It can be achieved through solution-processable organic photodetectors. Thus, we analyzed the light distribution from a pinhole structure onto the sensor surface and diffusion photocurrent between adjacent pixels for the organic image sensor.

DOI： 10.36463/idw.2022.1139

Scopus

Publisher：Proceedings of the International Display Workshops  

The driving IC for persistence of vision display using a rhombus-arranged two-dimensional LED array with cylindrically rotation is developed for improving its resolution by increasing the bit-rate for digital signal and decreasing the number of contacting pads. This driving method is also available to reduce the number of LED in a micro-display.

Scopus

Publisher：Proceedings of AM-FPD 2022 - 29th International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices: TFT Technologies and FPD Materials  

A prototype of cylindrical aerial LED display was developed using commercially available LED strips. Each LED is equipped with a driving IC that enables brightness-control by digital signals. The digital signal is sent sequentially to the next chip by a shift register, and the LEDs emit light all at once by the resetting signal. The response speed of the LED was limited by this signal transmission speed, so that we have succeeded in improving the response speed and the resolution in the rotational direction by using multiple LED strips in a two-dimensional arrangement and transmitting signals in parallel, as well as improving the resolution in the signal transmission direction by placing each strip in a different position.

DOI： 10.23919/AM-FPD54920.2022.9851389

Scopus

Web of Science

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：IEEE  

A prototype of cylindrical aerial LED displaywas developed using commercially available LED strips. Each LED is equipped with a driving IC that enables brightness-control by digital signals. The digital signal is sent sequentially to the next chip by a shift register, and the LEDs emit light all at once by the resetting signal. The response speed of the LED was limited by this signal transmission speed, so that we have succeeded in improving the response speed and the resolution in the rotational direction by using multiple LED strips in a two-dimensional arrangement and transmitting signals in parallel, as well as improving the resolution in the signal transmission direction by placing each strip in a different position.

Web of Science

researchmap

Publisher：Proceedings of AM-FPD 2022 - 29th International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices: TFT Technologies and FPD Materials  

Recently, the application of Fingerprint on Display (FOD) has attracted the attention of researchers. This system integrates optical sensors, used as the image sensor, and display for the biometric fingerprint scanning functionality. There are several approaches to consolidate this functionality within the entire display area. The whole display sensing area can be achieved by using the organic photodiodes as one of the advantages is large-area deposition capability compared with the inorganic photodiodes. However, several challenges need to be addressed before realizing this system. Here, we have investigated the pinhole imaging technique to estimate the light distribution on the sensor pixel through the analysis process and identified the issues and important parameters to improve this system in the future.

DOI： 10.23919/AM-FPD54920.2022.9851274

Scopus

Web of Science

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The electrical performance of the back-channel etched Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with copper (Cu) source and drain (S/D) which are patterned by a selective etchant was investigated. The Cu S/D were fabricated on a molybdenum (Mo) layer to prevent the Cu diffusion to the active layer (IGZO). We deposited the Cu layer using thermal evaporation and performed the selective wet etching of Cu using a non-acidic special etchant without damaging the IGZO active layer. We fabricated the IGZO TFTs and compared the performance in terms of linear and saturation region mobility, threshold voltage and ON current (I-ON). The IGZO TFTs with Mo/Cu S/D exhibit good electrical properties, as the linear region mobility is 12.3 cm(2)/V-s, saturation region mobility is 11 cm(2)/V-s, threshold voltage is 1.2 V and I-ON is 3.16 x 10(-6) A. We patterned all the layers by a photolithography process. Finally, we introduced a SiO2-ESL layer to protect the device from external influence. The results show that the prevention of Cu and the introduced ESL layer enhances the electrical properties of IGZO TFTs.

DOI： 10.3390/pr9122193

Language：Japanese  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In this study, we propose a four-plate structure with two shielding plates to produce shielded capacitive power transfer (S-CPT) at an operating frequency of 6.78 MHz for a 10 W system. By eliminating the inductors at the secondary side to form an asymmetrical topology, an S-CPT system was developed with a class-E power amplifier. Using MATLAB software, analysis was performed to obtain the parameters in the S-CPT system regarding resonance and impedance matching, and the proposed coupler structure was investigated through electric field simulation. The shield plate voltage stability was also investigated by analysing both the simulation and hardware experiment results. A prototype of S-CPT was established to validate the analysis results and to demonstrate the voltage at the shield plate of the proposed coupler structure. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The proposed S-CPT exhibits an AC-AC efficiency of 84%, with a 56% voltage ground stability reduction because of implementing a balun.

DOI： 10.3390/en14154590

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The temperature dependence thermal conductivity of the indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) thin films was investigated with the differential three-omega method for the clear demonstration of nanocrystallinity. The thin films were deposited on an alumina (α-Al2O3) substrate by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering at different oxygen partial pressures ([PO2] = 0%, 10%, and 65%). Their thermal conductivities at room temperature were measured to be 1.65, 1.76, and 2.58 Wm-1K-1, respectively. The thermal conductivities decreased with an increase in the ambient measurement temperature. This thermal property is similar to that of crystalline materials. Electron microscopy observations revealed the presence of nanocrystals embedded in the amorphous matrix of the IGZO films. The typical size of the nanocrystals was approximately 2-5 nm with the lattice distance of about 0.24-0.26 nm. These experimental results indicate that the nanocrystalline microstructure controls the heat conduction in the IGZO films.

DOI： 10.3390/nano11061547

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A capacitive power transfer (CPT) system wirelessly transfers energy between coupling plates and performance issues related to CPT systems are resonance conditions, matching impedance, voltage stress, and power loss. A generalized circuit model is proposed for shielded capacitive power transfer (S-CPT) using an algebraic method. The proposed generalized S-CPT model is analyzed based on the symmetric and asymmetric configurations, and the relationship between the parameters of S-CPT is obtained with respect to the resonance condition, matching impedance, voltage stress, and efficiency. The best configuration of a symmetric S-CPT is recommended, and an asymmetric S-CPT is proposed based on the analysis results. Asymmetric-S-CPT hardware was constructed and demonstrated an operating frequency of 13.56 MHz. The hardware experimental result shows the validity and effectiveness of the proposed generalized model for designing S-CPT.

DOI： 10.3390/en14102826

Language：Japanese  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper introduces scaling-factor and design guidelines for shielded-capacitive power transfer (shielded-CPT) systems, offering a simplified design process, coupling-structure optimization, and consideration of safety. A novel scaling-factor-analysis method is proposed by determining the configuration of the coupling structure that improves system safety and increases operating efficiency while minimizing the gap between the shield and the coupler plate. The inductor-series resistance is also analyzed to study the loss efficiency in the shielded-CPT system. The relationship among the shield-coupler gap, distance between the couplers, conductive-plate size, and delivered power is examined and presented. The proposed method is validated by implementing the shielded-CPT system with hardware and the result suggests that the proposed method can be used to design shielded-CPT systems with scaling-factor and safety considerations.

DOI： 10.3390/en13164240

Language：Japanese  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Organic photodetector performance for enhancing the sensing abilities of an organic photoplethysmography sensor was investigated. The optimized organic photodetector with an anode interlayer and a cathode interlayer showed a reverse dark current density of 22 nA cm(-2) at -2 V and an external quantum efficiency of 53.3% at 0 V. This organic photodetector was fabricated monolithically with an organic light-emitting diode on a glass substrate to achieve a reflectance-mode photoplethysmography sensor, demonstrating the impact of organic photodetector device performance on the measured photoplethysmography signal for sensing applications. Furthermore, we estimated the optimal sensor design for circular geometry in terms of device area and distance between the organic light-emitting diode and organic photodetector to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio and lower the power consumption of organic photoplethysmography sensor devices. For the most favorable photoplethysmography sensor design, a signal strength of 130 mV with 600 mu W power consumption was measured.

DOI： 10.1021/acsaelm.0c00082

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DOI： 10.11470/oubutsu.88.11_750

Language：Japanese  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper proposes a capacitive power transfer (CPT) system with a step-down transformer on the secondary side to reduce the circuit quality factor (Q), and thereby reduce the sensitivity to parameters variations, as well as the voltage stress across the coupling interface. The system operating principle is analyzed mathematically, and the focus is given to understand the effect of the leakage inductance (L-lk) of the non-ideal transformer on the system performance. The analytical and simulation results show that at a given constant output power, the voltage across the plates is significantly reduced, and the system becomes less sensitive to the coupling variations by increasing the turns ratio of the step-down transformer. It is found that L-lk can be advantageously utilized as a tuning inductor (L) or part of it. The proposed method is verified by building a prototype CPT system that delivered 25 W at an operation frequency of 1 MHz, and an efficiency of more than 70%. Simultaneously, the voltage stress across the single pair of the coupling plates is reduced from 252 V of a conventional CPT system without a step-down transformer, to 50.4 V using a high-frequency transformer with a turns ratio of 5.

DOI： 10.1049/iet-pel.2018.6206

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper compares the structural design of two organic biosensors that minimize power consumption in wireless photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveform monitoring. Both devices were fabricated on the same substrate with a red organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and an organic photodiode (OPD). Both were designed with a circular OLED at the center of the device surrounded by OPD. One device had an OLED area of 0.06 cm2, while the other device had half the area. The gap distance between the OLED and OPD was 1.65 mm for the first device and 2 mm for the second. Both devices had an OPD area of 0.16 cm2. We compared the power consumption and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of both devices and evaluated the PPG signal, which was successfully collected from a fingertip. The reflectance-based organic pulse meter operated successfully and at a low power consumption of 8 µW at 18 dB SNR. The device sent the PPG waveforms, via Bluetooth low energy (BLE), to a PC host at a maximum rate of 256 kbps data throughput. In the end, the proposed reflectance-based organic pulse meter reduced power consumption and improved long-term PPG wireless monitoring.

DOI： 10.3390/bios9030087

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper demonstrated a new design structure for minimizing the power consumption of a pulse meter. Monolithic devices composed of a red (625 nm) organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and an organic photodiode (OPD) were fabricated on the same substrate. Two organic devices were designed differently. One had a circle-shaped OLED in the center of the device and was surrounded by the OPD, while the other had the opposite structure. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the OLED and the OPD were 7% and 37%, respectively. We evaluated and compared the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal on different parts of the body and successfully acquired clear PPG signals at those positions, where the best signal was obtained from the fingertip at a SNR of about 62 dB. The proposed organic pulse meter sensor was operated successfully with a power consumption of 0.1 mW. Eventually, the proposed organic biosensor reduced the power consumption and improved the capability of the pulse meter for long-term use.

DOI： 10.3390/bios9020048

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This paper introduces a DC-DC buck converter on the secondary side of the capacitive power transfer system to reduce the voltage and electric field across the interface, and to reduce the circuit Q, and thus the system sensitivity. The system is mathematically analyzed to study the improvement in sensitivity and voltage stress. The leakage electric field emissions around the plates are investigated by simulation. The analytical and simulation results show that by reducing the duty cycle of the buck converter at a constant output power, the voltage across the plates can be significantly reduced and the circuit becomes less sensitive to the variations in parameters. Experimental results demonstrated that Q and the voltage stress over the capacitive interface are reduced by changing the duty cycle of the buck converter. For delivering 10 W of power, the maximum voltage stress across one pair of the coupling plates is reduced from 211 V in the conventional system without using a DC-DC converter, to 65 V and 44 V at duty cycles of 30% and 20%, respectively. The system achieves an end-to-end power efficiency of 80% at an output power of 10 W and a duty cycle of 30%.

DOI： 10.3390/app8071131

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DOI： 10.7567/JJAP.57.03D001

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DOI： 10.1002/jsid.607

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C-9-7 Flexible OLED Lighting Panel with Capacitive Coupling Wireless Power Supply

Language：Japanese  

C-9-8 Precise Simulation of Brightness Variation on Whole AMOLED Panel Caused by TFT Characteristics

Language：Japanese  

C-9-7 Precise Simulation of Brightness Variation on Whole AMOLED Panel Caused by Power Line Voltage Drop

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Active infective endocarditis may progress to annular abscess formation. We describe a patch annuloplasty technique to treat the fragile aortic root tissue in these patients. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12485 (J Card Surg 2015;30:424-426)

DOI： 10.1111/jocs.12485

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DOI： 10.7567/JJAP.54.03C001

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C-9-10 Skin-Impedance Measurement using the Capacitive Touch Panel

Language：Japanese  

C-9-11 Drive Voltage Optimization and Gray Scale Driving for Electrochromic display

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

We propose a new structure for organic thin-film transistors, denoted as "elevated-electrode structure" in which the source and drain electrodes are formed on the elevated insulation layer. Indeed, the experimental data shows that this new structure has more than twice the drain current and mobility of a conventional bottom-structured TFT, this being found to be directly related to the height of the elevated electrode. Moreover, the reproducibility of this data confirms a greater stability than that of either top-contact or bottom-contact devices. (C) 2014 The Japan Society of Applied Physics

DOI： 10.7567/JJAP.53.111601

Language：Japanese  

B-21-13 Study of Electrode Shape and Circuit with regards to Capacitive Coupling Wireless Power Transmission

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C-9-9 Projected Capacitive Touch Panel with High Resistive Touch Electrodes for Large Area Touch Screen

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C-9-8 Human-Body-Impedance Measurement using the Capacitive Touch Panel

Language：Japanese  

C-13-10 Dual-plate OLED Display using low-temperature metal bonding technology

Language：Japanese  

C-9-4 A Capacitive Sensing Circuit for Distinction of users in the Capacitive Touch Panel

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C-9-10 Study of Capacitive Coupling Wireless Power Transmission to Multi-Loads

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Development of a rectenna for batteryless electronic paper
This paper describes the design of a rectenna for batteryless electronic paper. The rectenna is composed of a one-sided directional flexible antenna and a booster rectifying circuit that is composed of a series resonant circuit and a Cockcroft-walton circuit. The proposed one-sided directional flexible antenna has a bottom floating metal layer that enables one-sided radiation. The booster rectifying circuit has an output of 3.5V DC for an input of 200mV and a 50-ω power source at 920MHz. © 2013 IEEE.

DOI： 10.1109/TENCON.2013.6718449

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Investigation of Capacitive Sensing Circuits for Surface Type Capacitive Touch Panel

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Drive Voltage Optimization for Electrochromic Display

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Temperature Dependence on Contact Resistances of Organic Thin Film Transistor

Language：Japanese  

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C-9-3 Power Consumption Analysis of Electronic Paper

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C-9-4 Electric Field Numerical Analysis of Mutual Capacitance Touch Panel

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

We fabricated a refreshable organic light-emitting diode with a liquid emitting layer. This device has a mesh-structured cathode and a liquid reservoir in the back side of the cathode for easy convection of the liquid emitter. The small uniform gap between the electrodes was fabricated by means of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) processing. Although the device luminance decreased because of decomposition of the liquid emitters under the drive current, the decreased emission was quickly recovered to the initial state by convectional replacement of the decomposed emitters with fresh emitters through the holes of the mesh cathode. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4749791]

DOI： 10.1063/1.4749791

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C-9-1 Circuit design for capacitive coupling wireless power transfer

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CT-1-5 Fundamentals of electronic paper

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C-9-2 Study of Capacitive Touch Slider using Transient Electrical Response

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C-9-1 Transient characteristic measurement for pixel circuit using fine-current measuring system

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C-9-2 Electrode Design for electric-field coupling wireless power transfer

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A novel organic thin-film transistor structures named the "ditch structure'' or "elevated electrode structure'' is proposed. Device simulations show that the electrical properties of this structure are almost the same as those of a staggered structure (top-contact structure). These results are explained in terms of the electric field concentration at source electrodes with sharp corners and the electric field being vertical to the direction of the gate. The manufacturing process of this structure is as simple as that of a planar structure (bottom-contact structure), and the performance is as high as that of a staggered structure. (C) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.51.024303

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Design of The Capacitive Sensing Circuit for Development of Single Layered Hybrid Capacitive Touch Panel

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Evaluation of power consumption and image quality for fixed-codeword-length coding multi-line addressing organic LED display

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A shrunk multiline addressing method (SMLA) in a passive-matrix-driven liquid powder display will be discussed. An algorithm to generate SMLA data that effectively reduces the number of scanning lines has been devised. The update time is reduced by 44.5% on average, and this reduction is maintained despite increased sizes of the images. The SMLA data generated by this algorithm is applied to e-paper panels, thereby confirming the reduction in update time and that the image quality of the panels driven by SMLA is equal to that of conventionally driven ones.

DOI： 10.1889/JSID19.10.693

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DOI： 10.1889/JSID19.9.575

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C-9-1 Shrunk Multiline Addressing Driving for Organic Light-Emitting Display and Electronic Paper

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type:紀要論文
The theoretical equations for J-V characteristics in a 3-layer organic light emitting diode (OLED) were derived according to the internal carrier emission equation based on a diffusion model at Schottky barrier contact and the mobility equation based on the Pool-Frenkel model. The validity of these equations was confirmed by comparing with the results from the device simulation where the same parameters were employed. The device structure for 3-layer OLED is consisted of electron transport layer (ETL)/hole transport layer (HTL) /hole injection layer (HIL). When obeys hole inter-layer barrier limited, the gradient of sub-threshold region was slowing down due to high hole barrier height for HTL and low hole mobility for HIL . And the SPICE model described by Verilog-A language was created based on the theoretical J-V characteristic equations. And also, we were confirmed that the J-V characteristics of device simulation and Verilog-A model are identical to each other.

DOI： 10.15017/17893

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A 2-D device simulation for organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) was carried out to reveal the characteristic difference between staggered and planar structures. Assuming the OTFT with Schottky barrier contact, the staggered-structure TFT has more current flow, bigger field-effect mobility, and lower contact resistance than the planar structure. The simulation results indicate that the source electrode of the staggered structure has better ability to supply the current than that of the planar structure.

DOI： 10.1109/TED.2009.2035540

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To accelerate the settling speed of current programming for AMOLEDs or PMOLEDs, the concept of a "negative capacitor," which consists of a differentiation circuit, an inverting voltage amplifier, and a voltage-to-current converter, was introduced. Circuit simulation showed that this circuit could shorten the settling time to a range of microseconds even for 10 nA of programming current in AMOLEDs. This new driving circuit enabled accurate gray-scale images by using both PWM and PAM methods in PMOLED panels.

DOI： 10.1889/JSID17.7.573

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.04.015

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C-9-9 Multi-line Addressing

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Electroless Ni-B was plated on SiO2 as a barrier layer against Cu diffusion for through-Si via (TSV) interconnections in a 3-dimensional multi-chip package. The electroless Ni-B was deposited on the entire area of the SiO2 side wall of a deep via with vapor phase pre-deposition of 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane on the SiO2. The carrier lifetimes in the Si substrates plated with Ni-B/Cu did not decrease with an increase in annealing temperature up to 400 degrees C. The absence of degradation of carrier lifetimes indicates that Cu atoms did not diffuse into the Si through the Ni-B. The advantages of electroless Ni-B (good conformal deposition and forming an effective diffusion barrier against Cu) make it useful as a barrier layer for TSV interconnections in a 3-dimensional multi-chip package. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tsf.2008.09.068

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C-9-1 Driving methods of OLED-TV

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C-9-4 Multi-line Driving of QR-LPD^[○!R] by Non-negative factorization(NMF)

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C-9-2 Acceleration of speed to apply a constant current to OLED

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Multi-Line Driving of QR-LPD^【○!R】

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A thin and flexible LSI driver with a thickness of less than 35 mu m for a passive-matrix-driven Quick-Response Liquid-Powder Display (QR-LPD (TM)) was successfully mounted onto the flexible printed circuit (FPC) and the back substrates of a flexible QR-LPD (TM). Amounted LSI driver on a plastic substrate shows no significant degradation in the driving performances and maintains physical flexibility without any connection failures. This technology can realize a fully flexible electronic paper in combination with a plastic-substrate QR-LPD (TM) fabricated by a roll-to-roll process.

DOI： 10.1889/1.2835022

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

We investigated electroless Ni uniformity on Al metal pads connected to different size pads or a pn junction for under bump metallurgy in flip-chip assemblies. In an electrically isolated pad, Ni thickness decreased as the pad size decreased. Because of nonlinear diffusion of Ph2+ stabilizer in the plating solution, fewer electrons were supplied to the smaller pad than to the larger pad by an anodic oxidation reaction on the pad surface. In pads smaller than 50 mu m square, the Ni thickness increased when connected to a 100 mu m square pad. This increase might be caused by electrons flowing from the 100 pm square pad to the smaller pad to produce an equipotential for the connected pads. In addition, the Ni thickness was increased by electrical connection to an n-type Si in the presence of fluorescent light illumination for a pn junction area larger than 100 mu m(2). For a pad connected to a p-type Si, however, Ni thickness decreased in comparison to that of an electrically-isolated pad, regardless of the light illumination or pn junction area. The change of Ni height on pads connected to the pn junction is attributable to photoelectrons injected into the n-type Si, or to electron-hole recombination in the p-type Si. These results indicate that the pads should be of the same size within a chip for better Ni uniformity. Moreover, blocking light during Ni electroless; plating can eliminate Ni thickness differences due to an n-type Si connection.

DOI： 10.1109/TCAPT.2007.901675

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The Ubiquitous Society with Electronic Papers - Toward the Electronic Paper Client System

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Color displays and flexible displays that use electronic liquid powder have been developed. Novel types of color displays using either a colored powder or a color filter are discussed. We have also developed a flexible display with low-cost substrate films with a high-throughput roll-to-roll manufacturing method. These technologies enable a QR-LPD to be widely used as an electronic-paper display.

DOI： 10.1889/1.2709732

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Estimation of Contrast Ratio in QR-LPD^【○!R】 by Four-Voltage Level Driving

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A novel reflective display [Quick-Response Liquid Powder Display (QR-LPD(R))], has been developed. This paper-like display has the advantages of outstanding image stability, easy viewing, low-power consumption, and a high-response time. QR-LPD(T) will be promoted, initially, for use as electronic price-tag displays for merchandise. In addition, QR-LPD(R) is suitable for flexible display applications because it does not require TFT arrays or a high-temperature process while maintaining an excellent paper-like image as well as glass-type display compatibility.

DOI： 10.1889/1.2206107

Language：Japanese  

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Gray Scale for QR-LPD^【○!R】

Language：Japanese  

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DOI： 10.1117/12.522260

Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.1007/s00542-003-0300-4

Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

For mass-production of three-dimensional fine structures, photolithography using deep X-ray with very short wavelength from a synchrotron radiation (SR) light source is a good method. After SR irradiation, the X-ray exposure mask pattern is engraved into the surface of the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) thick film. Then additional heat treatment, that is thermal development, etches the depth of the engraved area deeper. This sequential process is a direct and dry etching method. Maximum depth which is reached by the thermal development corresponds to the existent depth of the small-size molecules which can scatter easily to the air. Especially, SR light, compared to long wavelength light, can make the molecules small in the complete volume irradiated, not only near the surface but also near the bottom. The etching rate of thermal development was related to the size of the molecules and to the composition of the film which were estimated from molecular weight (M.W.) and density measurement, respectively. The etching rate accelerated under higher temperature of 135°C and lower pressure of 0.1 kPa. A microchannel with 15-μm-depth and 50-μm-width was formed on the surface of a thick PMMA film with a thickness of 20 μm.

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.42.4102

Language：English  

Fabrication of Open-Top Microchannel Plate Using Deep X-Ray Exposure Mask Made with Silicon On Insulator Substrate
We propose a high-aspect-ratio open-top microchannel plate structure. This type of microchannel plate has many advantages in electrophoresis. The plate was fabricated by deep X-ray lithography using synchrotron radiation (SR) light and the chemical wet etching process. A deep X-ray exposure mask was fabricated with a silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate. The patterned Si microstructure was micromachined into a thin Si membrane and a thick Au X-ray absorber was embedded in it by electroplating. A plastic material, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was used for the plate substrate. For reduction of the exposure time and high-aspect-ratio fast wet development, the fabrication condition was optimized with respect to not the exposure dose but to the PMMA mean molecular weight (M.W.) changing after deep X-ray exposure as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Decrement of the PMMA M.W. and increment of the wet developer temperature accelerated the etching rate. Under optimized fabrication conditions, a microchannel with 50 μm width through 1000 μm PMMA plate, with a high aspect ratio over 20, was fabricated. By using a high-aspect-ratio open-top microchannel plate, high fluorescent electrophoresis was performed.

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.42.4102

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.42.4093

DOI： 10.1016/S0167-9317(02)01025-0

Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.1016/S0040-6090(02)01044-1

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.1016/S0040-6090(00)01892-7

Language：Japanese  

Mask pattern image is engraved into polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) film after SR light irradiation, and additional thermal treatment makes it deeper. PMMA molecular weight distribution was measured by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) after each process. GPC measurement showed that PMMA molecular weight became lower after SR exposure, and lower PMMA molecules than M.W. 7,000 disappeared from the film thoroughly after thermal development at 135°C in vacuum. Comparing the density measured by microbalance with the refractive index by elipsometry, the change of molecular composition in PMMA might occur by SR irradiation.

DOI： 10.15017/1515729

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.40.916

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.40.916

DOI： 10.1016/S0040-6090(00)01888-5

Language：Japanese  

Current-Writing Active-Matrix Driving Circuit for Organic Light Emitting Diode Display

Language：Japanese  

Current-setting-type active-matrix driving circuit for Organic LED

Language：English  

Language：Japanese  

Application of a polysilane EL device to display
We have fabricated electroluminescent devices using Poly (dimethylsilane) (PDMS) deposited film as an active layer, and discussed an application to display as a ultraviolet-excitation source. We can demonstrated the red (R), green (G) and blue (B) light emission devices by combining with RGB phosphors. The luminance of the green-light emitting device is 0.2 cd/m^2 and the half-value lifetime is about 5 hours at 250K. These results show a possibility of application to a full-color flat panel display using a PDMS-EL device.

Language：Japanese  

Properties and Applications of Films Prepared by Evaporation of Organopolysilane
This paper describes the physical properties and the applications of the films prepared by the evaporation of poly(di-methyl silane). The orientation of the films can be controlled by changing the growth rate of the film. The electric conductivity along the main chain is larger than that perpendicular to the chain. These films are expected to be used as electron beam resist as well as optical device material. The electro-luminescence device fabricated has a thin film whose thickness is less than 0.1 μm, and shows a broad spectrum from 350 to 650 nm.

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Orientation Control and Photoemission Properties of Poly(dimethylsilane)
We have prepared epitaxially grown poly(dimethylsilane) (PDMS) films the silicon chains of which were pallarel to and perpendicular to the substrate by evaporating PDMS powder source, and observed the photoe-mission properties of these films. These configrations were observed by x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy (AFM). From the photoluminescence(PL), exitation and absorption spectroscopies, we found that the photoemission takes place from the longest delocalized region in silicon backbone and the region is widened by the orientaion or crystallization. Disorderness of the films were observed to be reduced by the epitaxial growth, which makes the stoks sift little and PL intensity strong.

Language：Japanese  

Preparation and Estimation of poly-Si TFT Empoying Schottky Barrier Contacts at Source and Drain
Poly-Si TFT with Schottky Barrier Contacts composed of Yttrium silicide/poly-silicon at Source and Drain has been prepared. The structure of this TFT has no n+ region and the source and drain electrodes can be fabricated by a self-align process. This results in drastic reduction of the fabrication process of TFT gate-array and the large cost down. We also estimated the optimum annulling temperature from the current-voltage characteristics of Yttrium silicide/poly-silicon contacts formed on (111) surface of p-type crystalline silicon. The fabricated poly-Si TFT shows the n-channel transistor action and the probability of application to the TFT plat panel display.

Language：Japanese  

Fabrication and Electrical Properties of Yttrium Silicide/Silicon
Yttrium silicides have been fabricated both on Si(111)and on a- Si by the vacuum annealing.The relation of the annealing temperature with the silicide structure and with the electrical property is investigated.On Si(111),above the annealing temperature of 300℃,Yttrium disilicide(YSi_2-x>)grows and shows t he low Schottky barrier height with n-type silicon.However,above 400℃,the oxidization of silicide progresses and courses the increa se of barrier height and the reduction of the on-current.In the case of a-Si,the silicide grows above the 300℃,the junction anneal ed at 400℃ shows the best ohmic propertiy.

Language：Japanese  

Numerical anarysis of Schottky barrier tunnel transistor(SBTT)
Schottky barrier tunnel transistor(SBTT)is one of the tunnel transistor.with a new operating principle which employs the tunneling current trough the Schottky barrier,and is expected to be a promising element device for high-density integrated circuits and for low-cost fabricating processes.In this paper we firstly show the physical model for numerical analysis of reverse tunneling current through the Schottky junction which are significant for SBTT device simulation,and the numerical procedure for device simulator with the finite difference method.Secondly,we carry out 2-D device simulation on the simplified structure,and show the limit and the optimized value for impurity density, channel thickness,channel length and barrier height.

Language：Japanese   Book type：Scholarly book

Language：Japanese   Book type：Scholarly book

Language：Japanese   Book type：Scholarly book

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Language：Japanese   Book type：Scholarly book

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Event date： 2021

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Event date： 2021

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Event date： 2020

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Event date： 2020

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Event date： 2020

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Event date： 2020

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Event date： 2020

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Event date： 2020

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Event date： 2019.10

Language：English  

Venue：Tangerang   Country：Indonesia  

A shielded capacitive power transfer (S-CPT), a method of wireless power transmission (WPT) in which using electric field resonant (EFR) with an improved ground stability is proposed in this paper. The feature of ground stability can be succeeded simultaneously by using 1:1 Ruthroff transmission line transformer (TLT) balun. The unbalanced condition from the power source is converted to the balanced condition by the transformer. The analytical study of the shield plate voltage stability is also described both the simulation and hardware experiment. By using Spice software, with the proposed system, the simulation results show the constant zero voltage value from the shield plate to the ground. An experiment was conducted for validations of the proposed S-CPT with balun at 6.78 MHz resonant frequency. A measured shield voltage was compared under the unbalanced and balanced condition with the value of 20 V (peak to peak) and steadily of 5 V (peak to peak). An enhancement of the shield voltage ground stability is developed successfully with 75% of swing voltage reduced by the implementation of the TLT balun.

Event date： 2019.6

Language：English  

Venue：London   Country：United Kingdom  

This paper proposes a compact module of transmitting and receiving unit which has a shield part for capacitive coupling power transfer (CPT) system, and describes the analytical study of the shielded CPT structure with the simplest design approach. The Spice simulation results show the stability of shield voltage expressed by a constant zero voltage and the resonant inductance does not be affected by the change of coupling capacitance or the coupler distance. Power ratio of output over input, -0.8 dB or 83% at 10 cm couplers distance in the range of working frequency from 13.00 MHz to 13.57 MHz can be obtained with an experimental setup. The system can maintain the efficiency to the level 66% for tolerance 3 cm misalignment in Y-axis. With a 1 cm gap between the shield-plate and the coupler, it shows a thin and compact transmitting and receiving module.

Event date： 2019

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Event date： 2019

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Event date： 2018.11

Language：English  

Venue：BSD City - Tangerang   Country：Indonesia  

This paper proposes a new approach of coupling interface configuration on capacitive power transfer (CPT) for electric vehicle wireless charging system. CPT has several advantages in use of wireless charging system for short range application such as electric vehicle. One of the advantages is flexibility of coupling interface. Two-pairs of plate usually used to acquire electric field work in order to deliver some amount of designated power. This paper studies a single-wire coupling interface for EV charging system. Simulation has been done in SPICE software with the consideration of parasitic components appearing in the system. As the result, at 3.3 kW output power delivered, the coupling voltage and chassis voltage were measured at 24,720 V and 114V, respectively. This level is obtained when the coupling and chassis capacitances are 1.1 pF and 442 pF, correspondingly. The values are extracted by the electric field simulation on a normal size car.

Event date： 2018.8

Language：English  

Venue：San Diego   Country：United States  

Wearable sensors enable the continuous monitoring of various physiological conditions of individuals without constraints on time and place. Primary vital signs of human body such as; heart rate (HR), Oxygen saturation (SpO2) and respiration rate, can be extracted from the PPG signal. In comparison to conventional inorganic based sensors, the use of organic semiconductor-based devices opens the possibility of devising inexpensive, lightweight, flexible sensors. Reflection-mode PPG sensors overcome the limitations posed by transmission-mode PPG sensor as it can be positioned anywhere on the body. The state of art has not exploited the reflection-mode of PPG sensors extensively, as opposed to transmission-mode. In this work, we have fabricated reflection mode PPG sensor, which comprises of a red (631 nm) organic light emitting diode (OLED) (EQE = 8%) and organic photodetector (OPD) (EQE =47 %) on the same substrate. With motivation to improve the existing PPG sensing technologies, OLED and OPD performances were optimized on a single substrate. Further, we have estimated the best pattern and optimal distance between OLED and OPD in order to maximize signalnoise ratio and lower the power consumption of the device. An analog circuit is designed to read out PPG signals. For realtime pulse monitoring, the signals were sent via a Bluetooth interface to the computer. In summary, a low cost, organic based sensor is developed to detect the heart rate with wireless enabled data monitoring. Our device displayed promising results with 1.5 % error in the heart rate measurement compared to the commercial reference.

Event date： 2018.7

Language：English  

Venue：Montreal   Country：Canada  

It is well known that a DC or fully tuned inductive power transfer (IPT) system operating at its maximum power output point results in a low power efficiency being equal or below 50%. Based on the analyses of the maximum power transfer condition against the detuning factor of an LC resonant circuit, this paper proposes a Capacitive Power Transfer (CPT) system which can track the maximum power output using a DC-DC converter, at the same time achieve a high-power efficiency when the circuit is not fully tuned. The method is applied to a voltage-fed inverter at series tuned off-resonance operation for reduced power losses. A prototype system is built with a half-bridge inverter to drive the capacitively coupling circuit, and a buck-boost converter is designed for impedance matching. A perturb and observe algorithm is developed for controlling the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter to track the maximum power against load variations. It is found that under a fixed electric field coupling condition, the system can maintain the maximum power transfer operation at 10W and achieve a power efficiency of about 70% over a wide range of load variation from 5mathbf{Omega} to 500mathbf{Omega}.

Event date： 2018.6

Language：English  

Venue：Montreal   Country：Canada  

This paper introduces the analysis and optimization of capacitive power transfer system with a CL compensation circuit on the secondary for reduced voltage stress across the electric field coupling interface and less system sensitivity. The system has been mathematically analyzed to understand the effect of the CL circuit. And simulation and experimental studies are also carried out for verifications. It is found by increasing C_p (and reducing L_p accordingly to be tuned to the nominal frequency), the quality factor (Q) can be reduced to make the system less sensitive to circuit parameter and load variations, thus easier to tune. However, the CL network should be carefully designed to reduce the voltage stress and electric field leakage around the interface. A practical circuit is built which has demonstrated 5 W of power transfer across a combined interface capacitance of ∼ 1 nF at an operating frequency of 1 MHz, and the system power efficiency is above 65%. The voltage stress and sensitivity reduction have been confirmed practically.

Event date： 2018.6

Language：English  

Venue：Montreal   Country：Canada  

This paper investigates the power loss characteristics in the circuit for the capacitive power transfer (CPT) system using analog circuit simulation focusing on the high voltage pulse generator with and without step-up transformer. The CPT usually has low capacitance value in their coupled capacitance due to the physical dimension and low dielectric constant of the interface, hence the high voltage with high-frequency switching needed to transfer the power through it. Using a simple LC resonant circuit and 1 MHz frequency operation, the power losses in inverter MOSFETs and transformer are analyzed under the condition with output power of 200W at 200Ω load resistance. The simulation results indicate that the inverter with step-up transformer with lower series resistance in both of wire strands can decrease the losses at MOSFETs with better efficiency compared to the high DC voltage supplied inverter without step-up transformer.

Event date： 2018.5

Language：English  

Venue：Houston   Country：United States  

Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal is an essential bio-signal that can be used for detecting several heart diseases. It has become fundamental to wearable health monitoring devices. The human vital signs, such as heart rate (HR), Oxygen saturation (SpO₂) and respiration rate, can be clearly extracted from the PPG signal. In this paper, we applied reflectance pulse measurement method on an organic optoelectronic device to measure the PPG signal. We fabricated a monolithic device, a red (625nm) organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and an organic photodiode (OPD) sensitive at the aforementioned wavelength. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the OLED and the OPD were 7% and 47%, respectively. In this work, we utilized a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) for sending the measured PPG signal to the central side, desktop computer. The data traffic of the BLE module was 2 kbps at the minimum connection interval 7.5 ms. The reflectance method showed very good results of (1.5) percent error of the heart rate compared to the commercially reference we obtained.

Event date： 2018

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Event date： 2018

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Event date： 2017.10

Language：English  

Venue：Jakarta   Country：Indonesia  

This paper proposes a design of power receiving side on capacitive coupling wireless power transfer for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). In order to minimize a component used in the system and fitted the circuit to the drone, the realized system must be very compact and efficient. The power receiving circuit in CPT system for simple application consists of rectifier and capacitor. In an advanced method, several components added into a circuit that makes the size and weight of the system increased. In this paper, all resonant matching system is placed and controlled in the primary side, thus the secondary side circuit could have a light module with minimum components. This paper focuses on the design a secondary side of CPT consisted of a rectifier, a DC-DC buck converter, and a charging circuit. The system is designed to operate with wide range input voltage. Simulation and experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed system could obtain charging process for Li-Ion cells battery by the output power of 8 W, with the power efficiency exceeding of 77%.

Event date： 2017.5

Language：English  

Venue：Chongqing   Country：China  

We developed the wireless battery charging system for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or a drone using the capacitive power transfer (CPT) technology which provides a wide charging area for the drone to land especially required at autonomous flying. As the circuit on the power receiving side or drone side must be small and light in this application, we employ the circuit where a matching circuit, a transformer and all inductors are placed in the emitting side and the circuit in the receiving side is composed of the small devices using semiconductor elements for DC-DC converter and charge controlling IC. The system validity has been verified with prototype that delivered ∼12W through a combined interface capacitance of 500 pf at an operating frequency 6.78MHz and efficiency exceeding 50%.

Event date： 2017

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Event date： 2017

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Event date： 2016.12

Language：English  

Venue：Fukuoka   Country：Japan  

We present a smart steering wheel that detects the gripping position and area, as well as the distance to the approaching driver's hands by measuring the resonant frequency and its resistance value in an LCR circuit composed of the floating capacitance between the gripping hand and the electrode of the steering, and the body resistance. The resonant frequency measurement provides a high sensitivity that enables the estimation of the distance to the approaching hand, the gripping area, of a gloved hand, and for covering the steering surface with any type of insulating material. This system can be applied for drowsiness detection, driving technique improvements, and for customization of the driving settings.

Event date： 2016.12

Language：English  

Venue：Fukuoka   Country：Japan  

We present a smart steering wheel that detects the gripping position and area, as well as the distance to the approaching driver's hands by measuring the resonant frequency and its resistance value in an LCR circuit composed of the floating capacitance between the gripping hand and the electrode of the steering, and the body resistance. The resonant frequency measurement provides a high sensitivity that enables the estimation of the distance to the approaching hand, the gripping area of a gloved hand, and for covering the steering surface with any type of insulating material. This system can be applied for drowsiness detection, driving technique improvements, and for customization of the driving settings.

Event date： 2016

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Event date： 2015.12

Language：English  

Venue：Otsu   Country：Japan  

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) lighting panel is powered by a capacitive-coupling wireless-power transmission system with a wide power-receiving position. The panel consists of only OLEDs with flexible plastic substrate and rectifying diodes, which result in a very simple and ultrathin lighting device.

Event date： 2015.12

Language：English  

Venue：Otsu   Country：Japan  

A precise simulation method to evaluate the brightness variation across an entire AMOLED panel with actual pixel numbers caused by power line voltage drop is presented. The voltage drop is evaluated for four types of simplified compensated pixel circuits which cover all of the AMOLED pixel circuits.

Event date： 2015.6

Language：English  

Venue：San Jose   Country：United States  

We present a novel touch-sensing system that detects the skin resistance of a touched finger using a static capacitive touch panel The employed frequency-scan method enables us to measure skin resistance regardless of touching conditions. The proposed system can create new touch-sensor applications such as multiuser system and bioelectrical sensing.

Event date： 2013.12

Language：English  

Venue：Sapporo   Country：Japan  

A new structure of organic thin-film transistor named the "Elevated-Electrode Structure" shows mobility, on/off ratio as high as those of the structure with bottom-gate and top-contact and higher than those of structure with bottom-gate and bottom-contact in actual devices fabricated using DNTT.

Event date： 2013.12

Language：English  

Venue：Sapporo   Country：Japan  

We present a multi-touch sensor technology with a single ITO layer, which is available even for large panels. This technology has a one-dimensional array of elements in a patterned ITO layer and it senses the touch position two-dimensionally through a combination of the surface and projected capacitive touch sensing principles.

Event date： 2013.12

Language：English  

Venue：Sapporo   Country：Japan  

We present three types of Wireless power transmission systems for mobile devices using inductive and capacitive coupling and a radio wave. Capacitive coupling provides a wider reception area than inductive coupling. A radio wave receiving type system has a longer transmission distance than the others; however, it has lower efficiency. We demonstrate these systems by embedding them into an electronic paper device.

Event date： 2013.10

Language：English  

Venue：Xi'an, Shaanxi   Country：China  

This paper describes the design of a rectenna for batteryless electronic paper. The rectenna is composed of a one-sided directional flexible antenna and a booster rectifying circuit that is composed of a series resonant circuit and a Cockcroft-walton circuit. The proposed one-sided directional flexible antenna has a bottom floating metal layer that enables one-sided radiation. The booster rectifying circuit has an output of 3.5V DC for an input of 200mV and a 50-ω power source at 920MHz.

Event date： 2012.12

Language：English  

Venue：Kyoto   Country：Japan  

The capacitively-coupled wireless power transfer system embedded in the e-Paper device was demonstrated. This system realizes a batteryless e-Paper with a wide power-supply position. 13.56 MHz power transfer frequency was employed and the frequency was modulated to keep the resonant conditions.

Event date： 2012.12

Language：English  

Venue：Kyoto   Country：Japan  

A new capacitive sensing method using the difference of transient response by touch positions was proposed. In this method, the linearity of touch detection on an electrode was improved by using two reference voltages in relaxation oscillator circuits. We verified the touch panel operation with the improved circuits by not only SPICE simulation but also an evaluation circuit board. The suggested method is able to provide a tremendous cost advantage because of a single layer structure and simple wiring.

Event date： 2012.6

Language：English  

Venue：Boston   Country：United States  

We made a self-refreshable lighting device using liquid OLED which can emit light in the liquid state. This device has a mesh-structure cathode made by means of MEMS processes and a liquid reservoir in the backside of the cathode. Although luminance decreased as the light emitting, the degraded emitting material was refreshed by natural replacement from the reservoir in the backside.

Event date： 2012.3

Language：English  

Venue：Alexandria   Country：Egypt  

We have succeeded in developing a custom LSI with 160-outputs which supply tri-level voltages as high as 110 V using LDMOS technology for driving a passive-matrix driven electronic paper. The level shifter was designed to suppress the power consumption by employing the new level shifter which needed no DC bias voltage. The LSI chip was thinned to 35 m for direct-mounting onto a flexible display.

Event date： 2011.12

Language：English  

Venue：Nagoya   Country：Japan  

We proposed in this paper the capacitive sensing method based on measuring transient response. Proposed capacitive sensing method with single layered one-dimensional electrode arrays can achieve multi-touch function and narrow bezel by one-side wiring. The capacitive sensing method was verified by SPICE simulations and evaluation kits.

Event date： 2011.12

Language：English  

Venue：Nagoya   Country：Japan  

A full color and flexible electronic paper of quick response liquid powder display (QR-LPD™) technologies have been achieved. The overview and recent results about the development of electronic paper of QR-LPD will be described. In particular, colorization of the monochromic panels and the development of flexible displays are focused. The originally developed panel materials and roll-to-roll manufacturing processes have enabled us to fabricate the full color and flexible displays.

Event date： 2011.5

Language：English  

Venue：Los Angeles, CA   Country：United States  

We have developed a thin and flexible smart card with EPD (Electronic Paper Display) using QR-LPD™ (Quick-Response Liquid Powder Display) technology. The extremely low energy consumption display applications can be realized by utilizing the image holding property with no energy consumption. In this study, we combined flexible EPD with wireless energy and data transfer system in order to realize extremely thin, light weight and flexible smart card that has dot matrix EPD. The possibility of wireless smart card with flexible EPD using QR-LPD technology is discussed.

Event date： 2010.12

Language：English  

Venue：Fukuoka   Country：Japan  

A 4.0 in. diagonal and 88 dpi flexible electronic paper with line-shaped electrodes composed of transparent conductive polymer of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) and poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) was prepared and passive matrix images were successfully displayed. The line-shaped electrodes of the conductive polymer were directly formed onto the flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate by using screen printing method. Increase of the viscosity of PEDOT/PSS aqueous suspension and improvement of a screen mask enabled to pattern the line-shaped electrodes in higher resolution.

Event date： 2010.10

Language：English  

Venue：Seoul   Country：Korea, Republic of  

We have developed thin and light weight flexible electronic paper display using QR-LPD technology. Novel types of thin and light weight flexible electronic paper display are discussed. This technology can realize the "real paper like" flexible electronic paper in combination with a plastic substrate QR-LPD fabricated by roll-to-roll process.

Event date： 2010.5

Language：English  

Venue：Seattle, WA   Country：United States  

Direct formation of line-shaped electrodes consisting of transparent conductive polymer of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) and poly(styrenesulfonale) (PEDOT/PSS) was successfully achieved onto a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate by using screen printing method. Improvement of the components and the viscosity of the conductive materials enabled to pattern the line electrodes in high resolution. A 4.0 in. diagonal and 88 dpi flexible electronic paper display using quick response liquid-powder technology has been prepared by applying the flexible substrate with the direct printed transparent polymer electrodes.

Event date： 2009.12

Language：English  

Venue：Miyazaki   Country：Japan  

We discussed the speeding-up method in the updating time of Quick Response-Liquid Powder Display (QR-LPD™). We generated the shrunk multiline addressing "lossless" data using the linearly dependence of an image data matrix. The generated data can reduce the update time by quarter compared with that of a conventional driving method.

Event date： 2009.12

Language：English  

Venue：Miyazaki   Country：Japan  

Transparent conductive polymer of PEDOT/PSS has been used to the top electrodes of a flexible electronic paper. High resolution pattering of PEDOT/PSS has been performed by a laser ablation method in the resolution of 88 dpi. The electronic paper with the patterned PEDOT/PSS has exhibited comparable display properties to those of ITO panels.

Event date： 2009.10

Language：English  

Venue：Dearborn, MI   Country：United States  

Transparent conductive polymer of PEDOT/PSS has been applied to top electrodes of flexible electronic-paper display. High resolution electrode patterning of the polymer materials in a line shape has been performed by laser ablation method. An 8.4-in. diagonal and 82 dpi flexible electronic paper using quick response liquid-powder technology has been prepared by applying the patterned flexible substrates. The flexible electronic paper with PEDOT/PSS electrodes has exhibited comparable display properties to that consisting of ITO electrodes.

Event date： 2009.8

Language：English  

Venue：San Diego, CA   Country：United States  

Theoretical equations for current-voltage characteristics in mono-layer unipolar devices and multilayer bipolar device (that is, OLED) are investigated on the basis of the model consisting of diffusion theory of internal carrier emission through Schottky barrier at cathode and anode electrodes and electronic field dependence of carrier mobility, so called Pool-Frenkel mobility. Space charge effects are also included in this model, which is not presented as a simple Mott-Gurney law. The current-voltage characteristics of OLED are presented using a behavioral language for analog systems (Verilog-A), and the accuracy of this model was verified by comparing with the device simulation results.

Event date： 2008.12

Language：English  

Venue：Niigata   Country：Japan  

The availability and possibility of multiline addressing (MLA) for Quick Response Liquid Powder Display (QR-LPD™) using Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) were discussed. The NMF adopted to generate the multiline data was processed by MATLAB®. The multiline data were sent to QR-LPD ™ panel and displayed the image on the panel successfully.

Event date： 2008.10

Language：English  

Venue：Ilsan   Country：Korea, Republic of  

The circuit simulation has been done on the current-programmed AMOLED and shows that the circuit which behaves as a negative capacitance can reduce the effect of parasitic capacitance fixed on the data-line and can accelerate the current programming speed as high as that required in Full HD AMOLED.

Event date： 2008.10

Language：English  

Venue：Ilsan   Country：Korea, Republic of  

The physical OLED analog behavioral model for SPICE simulation has been described using Verilog-A language. The model is based on the carrier-balance between the hole and electron injected through Schottky barrier at anode and cathode. The accuracy of this model was examined by com-paring with the results from device simulation.

Event date： 2008.5

Language：English  

Venue：Los Angeles, CA   Country：United States  

The concept of 'negative capacitance', which consists of a differentiation circuit, an inverting voltage amplifier and a voltage-to-current converter, was introduced to the driving of PMOLED to shorten the current setting time even at a small current level. This new driving circuit enabled to show an accurate gray scale with both PWM and PAM methods, and is also applicable to a current-programmed AMOLED.

Event date： 2007.12

Language：English  

Country：Singapore  

Fine size Ni/Sn bumps were formed by electroless Ni/Sn plating and hydrogen plasma reflow, and then electrical characteristics of nMOSFETs and pMOSFETs were evaluated on the bumped chips. After the hydrogen plasma reflow, threshold voltages and carrier mobilities were not changed from those of the nMOSFETs and pMOSFETs as fabricated, before Ni/Sn plating. Also, gate leak currents were not increased by the plasma reflow for both the nMOSFETs and pMOSFETs. Off leak currents of the nMOSFETs were slightly decreased after the plasma reflow. In contrast, off leak currents of the pMOSFETs were slightly increased up to several tens of pA after the plasma reflow. However, the changes of the off leak currents by the plasma reflow were very small for both the nMOSFETs and pMOSFETs. Electrical damages induced by the plasma reflow were negligible for both the nMOSFETs and pMOSFETs.

Event date： 2007.12

Language：English  

Venue：Sapporo   Country：Japan  

The electrical characteristics of the mechanically flexible driver LSI as thin as 35pm to mount directly on a flexible display were precisely analyzed. The high-voltage transistors on this LSI show the current decrease less than 13% in high voltage region, which can be associated with a self-heating effect comparing with that of an ordinary thickness LSI. As the result of analysis under the convex and concave bending conditions, the drain current change by piezoresistive effect was observed.

Event date： 2007.12

Language：English  

Venue：Sapporo   Country：Japan  

Settling time of current programming for AMOLED was shortened to the range of micro-second even in 10 nA of the programming current level by differentiator feedback using an active negative-capacitance circuit. The circuit can be easily implemented in a conventional CMOS current driver since neither a huge capacitance nor an additional panel circuit is required.

Event date： 2007.12

Language：English  

Venue：Sapporo   Country：Japan  

The electrical characteristics of the mechanically flexible driver LSI as thin as 35μm to mount directly on a flexible display were precisely analyzed. The high-voltage transistors on this LSI show the current decrease less than 13% in high voltage region, which can be associated with a self-heating effect comparing with that of an ordinary thickness LSI. As the result of analysis under the convex and concave bending conditions, the drain current change by piezoresistive effect was observed.

Event date： 2007.8

Language：English  

Venue：Seoul   Country：Korea, Republic of  

Small molecule, Tetrabenzoporphyrin (BP), organic thin-film-transistor (OTFT) were fabricated by annealing its spin-coated precursor film at 205°C. The OTFT has a bottom contacted structure with Polystyrene passivation layer. The transfer characteristics of the TFT provide a mobility of 0.11 cm ²/(V·s) and an on/off ratio of more than 10⁴.

Event date： 2007.8

Language：English  

Venue：Seoul   Country：Korea, Republic of  

Small molecule, Tetrabenzoporphyrin (BP), organic thin-film-transistor (OTFT) were fabricated by annealing its spin-coated precursor film at 205oC. The OTFT has a bottom contacted structure with Polystyrene passivation layer. The transfer characteristics of the TFT provide a mobility of 0.11 cm²/(V•s) and an on/off ratio of more than 10⁴.

Event date： 2007.2

Language：English  

Venue：San Francisco, CA   Country：United States  

A low-power high-voltage physically-flexible driver is fabricated for passive-matrix plastic-substrate quick-response liquid powder displays (QR-LPD). A level-shifter circuit effectively reduces the power consumption and the chip area. The 2.3×21.4mm² IC is thinned down to 35μm to obtain physical flexibility.

Event date： 2006.12

Language：English  

Venue：Otsu   Country：Japan  

Full fabrication process of An AM-OLED pixel with solution processed organic TFTs composed of metal-complex tetrabenzoporphyrin as an active layer and polystyrene as a passivation layer was presented. The TFTs were isolated using an RIE process and miniaturized for implementation into a pixel size of 100 μm × 300 μm.

Event date： 2006.6

Language：English  

Venue：San Francisco, CA   Country：United States  

We developed a new custom-made high voltage driver with three voltage levels and with low power consumption for Quick-Response Liquid Powder Display (QR-LPD), which allows a variety of driving method. The difference between the driving methods was investigated in terms of image quality and power consumption.

Event date： 2005.12

Language：English  

Venue：Takamatsu   Country：Japan  

We have developed a novel reflective and multi-stable display using electric powder. It has a paper-like appearance and good image stability. In addition, QR-LPD® is suited for flexible display applications since it does not require either a high temperature or complicated manufacturing process. QR-LPD® can maintain an excellent paper-like image and also offers glass type display compatibility. In this paper, an IC card display is proposed as one of the possible applications for flexible QR-LPD®, as a so-called electronic paper application.

Event date： 2005.10

Language：English  

Venue：Portland, OR   Country：United States  

A novel reflective display; Quick-Response Liquid Powder Display (QR-LPD®), has been developed. This paper-like display has the advantages of outstanding image stability, easy viewing, low-power consumption and a high-response time. QR-LPD®will be promoted, initially, for use as electronic price tag displays for merchandise. In addition, QR-LPD® is suitable for flexible display applications since it does not require TFT arrays or a high temperature process while maintaining an excellent paper-like image as well as glass type display compatibility.

Event date： 2005.9

Language：English  

Venue：Edinburgh, SCO   Country：United Kingdom  

A novel reflective display; Quick-Response Liquid Powder Display (QR-LPD®), has been developed. This paper-like display has the advantages of outstanding image stability, easy viewing, low-power consumption and a high-response time. QR-LPD® will be promoted, initially, for use as electronic price tag displays for merchandise. In addition, QR-LPD® is suitable for flexible display applications since it does not require TFT arrays or a high temperature process while maintaining an excellent paper-like image as well as glass type display compatibility.

Event date： 2005.4

Language：English  

Venue：San Jose, CA   Country：United States  

Event date： 2004.7

Language：English  

Venue：Boston, MA   Country：United States  

A Current sink data-driver with 54 outputs for AM-OLED, driven by a current-programmed method, has been demonstrated. This driver can sink constant current as low as I μA with 6-bit analog levels.

Event date： 2004.3

Language：English  

Venue：Awaji   Country：Japan  

We designed and measured test element group wafers thinned to 10μm for 3D system in package. The n-well - p-Si diodes in 10 μm thick wafer showed increasing of the reverse saturation current in comparison to the currents in 20μm, 30 μm or 640 μm thick wafer. While the pMOSFETs and nMOSFETs in 10μm thick wafer showed no degradation of mobility, sub-threshold swing and threshold voltage. Defects might be induced by mechanical stress during wafer back grinding process near wafer back side, within a few micron-meters from the wafer back surface.

Event date： 2003.10

Language：English  

Venue：Tokyo   Country：Japan  

In this paper we study about the fabrication of absorber-embedded in membrane type deep X-ray exposure mask with wide exposure area made with Si substrate.

Event date： 2003.6

Language：English  

Venue：Nagoya   Country：Japan  

Silicon oxynitride (SiON) has emerged as a better gate dielectric material to replace ultra-thin gate SiO₂ in scaled down metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices. The present study investigates the leakage current in SiON grown by a plasma-based process. Thin films of SiON (6nm) were grown on Si substrates by nitriding rapid thermally grown SiO₂ layers in a low-energy, microwave excited nitrogen plasma and by subsequent re-oxidation; and the resulting films were characterized in Al/SiON/p-Si MOS structures under atmospheric, vacuum and low temperature conditions. The analysis of the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics obtained under atmospheric conditions shows an enhanced leakage current in the pre-Fowler-Nordheim region of 4∼8MV/cm oxide field range. However, I-V characterization in vacuum showed the complete removal of this additional current component. This current was found to be not due to a charging/capacitive effect. It is speculated that this additional mid-oxide-field leakage current could possibly be due to a conducting pathway given rise to by interaction of atmospheric gases/water molecules with the plasma induced defects on the oxynitride film.

Event date： 2002.11

Language：English  

Venue：Tokyo   Country：Japan  

Human genome project has now been completed. At the next stage, the analysis of the DNA diversity originated from each individual is a very important aspect. It requires a method that can determine the base-pair sequence quickly and easily for fast and effective analysis. Separating the biochemical samples by electrophoresis is one of the analysis processes. Recently, electrophoresis has been performed in the fine channel formed on various substrates. By utilizing a microchannel chip for electrophoresis, the dead volume of the reagent and detection apparatus, and energy are reduced. To improve the separation performance of microchannel chip, the width of the channel should be narrower. On the other hand, the volume of the sample that can be introduced is restricted. Then, the channel is filled with ionic solution, and the top of the substrate is covered with a plate for shallow channel, so as not to cause current leakage induced by applying high voltage during electrophoresis. But, it requires a high quality substrate-cover adhesion. technique. We propose a high-aspect-ratio open-top microchannel plate. The high-aspect-ratio structure increases the sample and reagent volume inside the channel without increasing the channel width, which results in an enhancement of the detection sensitivity. And the buffer solution is introduced only before the measurement and sequential supply from an external source is not needed. The chip is standalone. The deep channel leads to another advantage. Its deep depth prevents overflow of the solution to the uncovered channel. By avoiding the difficult sealing process, the fabrication process become easy and high-throughput is realized.

Event date： 2002.11

Language：English  

Venue：Tokyo   Country：Japan  

In a capillary electrophoresis separation performance is affected by various factors, for example, an electroosmotic flow, dispersion of sample plug and sample adsorption to capillary wall. In order to miniaturize the microcapillary onto a chip we have to understand them in detail and investigate their influence. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) in fluorescence mode (FV300 Fluoview OLYMPUS JAPAN CO., LTD, Japan) was used to observe the motion of the samples in microcapillary fabricated on a chip. The CLSM is a powerful tool to understand their influence since it can capture the fluorescence images sliced in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis and can scan the plane position along the optical axis. Therefore it makes possible to observe the sample behavior inside the channel. This study also contributes the investigation of the microfluidic manipulation which includes a micropump, a microvalve and other microfluidic actuator devices under electrokinetic driven conditions.

Event date： 2002.10

Language：English  

Venue：Nagoya   Country：Japan  

In our laboratory we have simulated, designed, and fabricated hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin-film transistors (TFTs) based pixel electrode circuits for active-matrix organic light-emitting displays (AM-OLEDs). These pixel circuits, having very small feed-through voltages, can supply a continuous output current at an adequate level for AM-OLEDs up to 500 dpi of resolution. Each pixel electrode has also compensation circuits that will allow to adjust the output current level for the OLED and a-Si:H TFTs threshold voltage variations. Therefore, we can control display brightness uniformity at an acceptable level.

Event date： 2001.1

Language：English  

Venue：San Jose, CA   Country：United States  

A new pixel electrode circuit based on hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) technology has been designed, fabricated and characterized for the active-matrix organic light-emitting displays. This circuit has four thin-film-transistors (TFTs) and only two external terminals. In addition, a current driver is used to provide the signals to the data line and automatically adjust the current level to compensate for the threshold voltage shifts of both the organic light-emitting devices and the drive TFT. Consequently, this pixel electrode circuit has an excellent electrical reliability even when a large threshold voltage shift is present. Experimental results indicate that an continuous pixel electrode excitation can be achieved with these circuits. Even after a long time circuit aging stress, this circuit only shows an output current level variation less than 1% at the high current level (≥0.5μA) and less than 5% at the low (≤0.1 μA) current levels. Two additional pixel electrode circuits have also been proposed. These new circuits can achieve a higher output current level and a better output-input current linearity without sacrificing the circuit's electrical reliability. All these circuits can potentially be used for the active-matrix organic light-emitting displays (AM-OLEDs).

Event date： 2000.10 - 2000.11

Language：English  

Venue：Tehran   Country：Iran, Islamic Republic of  

Si[100] substrates were oxynitrided with nitrogen plasma, at different exposure times, followed by thermal oxidation in dry O₂ without using any harmful or global warming gas. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) measurements confirm that nitrogen is confined to the immediate vicinity of the surface. The damage induced in the thin SiO₂-Si system after an exposure to nitrogen plasma at different exposure times ranged from 10 to 60 s was estimated from the analysis of C-V and I-V measurements. A generation of different densities of positive oxide charge has been observed. Correlation between the local bonding structures in the oxynitride films and the electrically active defective states at the Si-SiO₂ interface are also discussed. It is proposed that improved electrical characteristics for positive charge trapping, interface state density, leakage current, and stress immunity of the oxynitride films could be obtained by using an optimal plasma exposure time of about 30 s. The preliminary results obtained indicate that these oxynitride films can be considered as potential candidates for ultra thin gate oxide and flash memory applications.

Event date： 2000.9

Language：English  

Venue：Palm Beach, FL   Country：United States  

A two-thin film transistor (TFT) pixel electrode circuit, based on hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) TFT technology, for active-matrix organic light-emitting displays has been initially designed, fabricated, and characterized. Experimental results indicate that a continuous pixel electrode excitation can be achieved with this type of pixel circuit and the voltage applied on the data line can control the pixel circuit output current. However, this type of pixel circuit exhibits a poor electrical reliability due to the drive TFT threshold voltage (V_th) shift. The pixel circuit shows an output current variation of about 40 to 85% after 10⁴ seconds bias temperature stress of the drive TFT at the room temperature. To overcome this V_th shift, a new four-TFT pixel circuit has been designed and fabricated. Experimental results indicate that a new pixel circuit has an excellent electrical reliability even when a large threshold voltage shift is present.

Event date： 2000.7

Language：English  

Venue：Tokyo   Country：Japan  

To analyze DNA fragments rapidly and easily will be a most important process in a future DNA industry. This paper reports a new fabrication process and a new device structure for microchip-based capillary electrophoresis (CE) using chemically machinable photosensitive glass substrate. The fabrication process of our device has an advantage in mass production as an inexpensive device. In addition we can easily obtain the high aspect-ratio structure of the channel, which presents high performance in separation characteristics.

Event date： 1994.4

Language：English  

Venue：San Francisco, CA, USA   Country：Other  

A thin film transistor (TFT) with a new structure and a unique operation principle has been proposed. This TFT has Schottky barrier contacts at source and drain, and employs electron tunneling through the Schottky barrier. The first feature of this TFT is simplification of the production process because a self-aligned technique is applicable and an ion-implantation process is not necessary. These advantages are promising for low-cost production of active-matrix liquid crystal displays (AM-LCDs). In this letter, we propose of new type TFT and carry out 2-D device simulation on a simplified structure to show the fundamental characteristics of this transistor and to optimize impurity density, channel thickness, and barrier height.

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Newport Beach, CA,   Country：United States  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Tokyo   Country：Japan  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Tehran   Country：United States  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Athens,   Country：United States  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Tokyo   Country：Japan  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Palm Beach, Florida   Country：United States  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Jockey Club  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：San Diego, CA   Country：United States  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Kogakuin University, Tokyo,   Country：Japan  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Nagoya Congress Center, Nagoya,   Country：Japan  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Boston, Massachusetts   Country：United States  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Kogakuin University, Tokyo,   Country：Japan  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Tokyo,   Country：Japan  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：GAKUSHI KAIKAN, Tokyo   Country：Japan  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Baltimore, Maryland   Country：United States  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Fukuoka,   Country：Japan  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：The University of Western Australia Perth,   Country：Australia  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Seattle, WA   Country：United States  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Seattle, WA   Country：United States  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Seoul,   Country：Korea, Republic of  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Niigata,   Country：Japan  

Language：Others   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Niigata   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Internal/External technical report, pre-print, etc.  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Internal/External technical report, pre-print, etc.  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Internal/External technical report, pre-print, etc.  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Internal/External technical report, pre-print, etc.  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Internal/External technical report, pre-print, etc.  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

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Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

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Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

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Type：Lecture

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Audience：General,　Scientific,　Company,　Civic organization,　Governmental agency

Type：Seminar, workshop

Type：Seminar, workshop

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