記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/s10616-020-00378-8

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： org/10.1007/s10616-019-00368-5

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103429

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.3168/jds.2018-15203

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Accumulation of abdominal fat triggers metabolic syndrome, which is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, such as dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia, and hypertension, that leads to the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Mushrooms have been used as a foodstuff and folk medicine worldwide. Among these mushrooms, Sparassis crispa (SC) is a relatively newly cultivated edible and medicinal mushroom, which has been reported to have anti-diabetic and anti-hypertensive properties. However, little is known about the anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemic properties of SC. In the present study, we investigated the effects of dietary SC on lipid metabolism and energy expenditure in Sprague-Dawley rats with diet-induced obesity and diabetes, and conducted respiratory gas analysis to determine how energy metabolism is altered by SC. After feeding periods of 3 and 7 weeks, dietary SC had significantly reduced hepatic triacylglycerol and cholesterol contents in a dose-dependent manner. These changes were attributable to suppression of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in the liver and increased insulin sensitivity in the body. In addition, after a feeding period of 6 weeks, dietary SC significantly increased energy expenditure through carbohydrate oxidation, reducing abdominal fat mass after 7 weeks. In conclusion, our results indicate that in addition to the previously reported anti-diabetic and anti-hypertensive activities, dietary SC exhibits anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemic activities that help protect against metabolic syndrome.

DOI： 10.5650/jos.ess18043

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Dietary intake of total phospholipids (PLs) accounts for approximately 10% of total dietary lipids. Each PL molecular class has various beneficial effects on health. However, limited information is available regarding the intake of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phos-phatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), lysophos-phatidylcholine (LPC) and sphingomyelin (SM) among Japanese people, and the relevant food sources. In this study, we quantified the contents of PC, PE, PI, PS, LPC, and SM in 120 meal samples served in a Japanese company’s dormitory and cafeteria. Additionally, we measured the weight of each food group and estimated the contents of nutrients in these meals. Furthermore, we conducted a stepwise multiple regression analysis to identify pre-dictors (food groups) of each PL class intake. The contents of total PL, PC, PE, PI+PS, LPC, and SM (mean value) were 4.44, 2.17, 0.632, 0.123, 0.313, and 0.127 g/d, respectively. These values were considered as daily PL intake in accordance with data (three macronu-trients, vitamins, and minerals) from our study and the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS) Japan, 2015. The content of eggs, meat, fish and shellfish, milk, pulses, fruits, mushrooms, cereals, and fats and oils in the meals predicted the PL and PC contents. The content of eggs, pulses, and mushrooms in the meals predicted the PE contents. Our results determined the daily intake of PL molecular classes among Japanese people and the food sources of PC and PE, and suggested that multiple regression analysis is useful for the prediction of food sources of bioactive components

DOI： 10.3177/jnsv.64.215

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

PURPOSE:
Increased iron storage, as measured by circulating ferritin, has been linked to an increased risk of various diseases including diabetes. We examined the association of circulating ferritin with serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and visfatin levels.
METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study among 429 Japanese employees (284 men and 145 premenopausal women, mean age: 42.5 ± 10.5 years). Serum adipokines were measured using Luminex suspension bead-based multiplexed array, and serum ferritin was determined using a chemiluminescence immunoassay. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to calculate mean concentrations of adipokine according to the tertile of ferritin concentrations with adjustment for potential confounders.
RESULTS:
Leptin and visfatin concentrations increased with increasing ferritin concentrations in men after multivariable adjustment of physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, and body mass index (P for trend = 0.02 and 0.01 for leptin and visfatin, respectively). Serum ferritin concentrations were inversely and significantly associated with adiponectin in women (P for trend = 0.01). Resistin and PAI-1 were not appreciably associated with ferritin concentration.
CONCLUSIONS:
Increased iron storage may be associated with higher circulating concentrations of leptin and visfatin in men and with lower concentrations of adiponectin in women.

DOI： 10.1007/s00394-016-1285-y

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Egg-white protein (EWP) is known to reduce lymphatic TAG transport in rats. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary EWP on body fat mass. Male rats, 4 weeks old, were fed diets containing either 20 % EWP or casein for 28 d. Carcass protein levels and gastrocnemius leg muscle weights in the EWP group were significantly higher than those in the casein group. In addition, carcass TAG levels and abdominal fat weights in the EWP group were significantly lower than those in the casein group; adipocyte size in abdominal fat in the EWP group was smaller than that in the casein group. To identify the involvement of dietary fat levels in the rats, one of two fat levels (5 or 10 %) was added to their diet along with the different protein sources (EWP and casein). Abdominal fat weight and serum and hepatic TAG levels were significantly lower in the EWP group than in the casein group. Moreover, significantly higher values of enzymatic activity related to β-oxidation in the liver were observed in the EWP group compared with the casein group. Finally, abdominal fat weight reduction in the EWP group with the 10 % fat diet was lower than that in the EWP group with the 5 % fat diet. In conclusion, our results indicate that, in addition to the inhibition of dietary TAG absorption reported previously, dietary EWP reduces body fat mass in rats through an increase of body protein mass and the acceleration of β-oxidation in the liver.

DOI： 10.1017/S0007114517002306

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/s10616-016-9962-5

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Egg yolk is an important source of nutrients and contains different bioactive substances. In the present study, we studied the benefits of egg yolk in preventing low-protein-diet-induced fatty liver in rats. Rats were fed the following diets, which were based on the AIN-76 formula, for 2 wk: an adequate-protein diet containing 20% casein (C), a low-protein diet containing 5% casein (LP-C), a low-protein diet supplemented with 12.5% egg yolk (LP-EY), and a low-protein diet supplemented with 4.1% egg yolk oil (LP-EYO). The low-protein diets were adjusted to contain 4.13% protein and 4.7% lipids. The LP-C diet resulted in a greater increase in the liver trigriceride (TG) and the vacuolation and a greater decrease in the serum TG and free fatty acid (FFA) than did the C diet. These deviations in the serum and liver TG, serum FFA levels and the liver histopathology were corrected in rats fed the LP-EY diet but not in those fed the LP-EYO diet. Compared to rats fed the LP-C diet, although the activities of lipogenesis-related enzymes (fatty acid synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and malic enzyme) decreased in rats fed both of the LP-EY and LP-EYO diets, the level of the microsomal TG transfer protein (MTP) increased only in rats fed the LP-EY diet. Collectively, these results suggest that dietary egg yolk supplementation decreases the LP diet-induced accumulation of TG in the liver by increasing transport of TG in the liver, and egg yolk oil alone is not sufficient enough to bring about these benefits.

DOI： 10.3177/jnsv.62.240

その他リンク： https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnsv/62/4/62_240/_article

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1186/s12937-015-0046-8.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

PURPOSE:Coffee and green tea consumption may be associated with circulating adipokines, but data are inconsistent, scarce or lacking. We examined the association of coffee and green tea consumption with serum adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, resistin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) among a Japanese working population.
METHODS:
The authors analyzed data (n = 509) from a cross-sectional survey among Japanese workers aged 20-68 years. Serum adipokines were measured using a Luminex suspension bead-based multiplexed array. Coffee and green tea consumption was assessed using a validated diet history questionnaire, and caffeine consumption from these beverages was estimated. Multiple regression analysis was performed with adjustment for potential confounding variables.
RESULTS:
Coffee consumption was significantly, inversely associated with leptin and PAI-1 (P for trend = 0.007 and 0.02, respectively); compared with subjects consuming <1 cup per day, those consuming ≥4 cups per day had 13 and 10 % lower means of leptin and PAI-1, respectively. Similar associations were observed for caffeine consumption (P for trend = 0.02 for both leptin and PAI-1). Additionally, we noted a significant positive association between coffee consumption and adiponectin in men (P for trend = 0.046), but not in women (P for trend = 0.43, P for interaction = 0.11). Moreover, there was a positive association between coffee consumption and resistin in current male smokers (P for trend = 0.01), but not in male non-smokers (P for trend = 0.35, P for interaction = 0.11). Green tea consumption was not associated with any adipokine.
CONCLUSIONS:
Higher consumption of coffee and caffeine but not green tea was associated with lower serum levels of leptin and PAI-1 in Japanese adults.

DOI： 10.1007/s00394-014-0701-4

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Dietary egg white protein (EWP) decreases serum cholesterol levels. We previously showed that EWP decreased cholesterol absorption in the intestine. Rats subjected to permanent lymph duct cannulation were used to investigate the effects of dietary EWP on lipid transport. They were fed diets with 20% EWP and casein, and their lymph was collected to quantify lymphatic lipid levels. Dietary EWP decreased lymphatic cholesterol transport compared with casein. It was previously shown that EWP excluded cholesterol from bile acid micelles. Therefore, pepsin-hydrolyzed EWP and casein were prepared. EWP was not completely digested. Ovalbumin, which is the most abundant protein in EWP, showed resistance to digestion by pepsin. This study investigated the effects of EWP pepsin hydrolysate (EWP-ph) on cholesterol micellar solubility, cholesterol transfer from the micellar to the oil phase, water-holding capacity (WHC), settling volume in water (SV), and relative viscosity and compared them with the effects of casein pepsin hydrolysate (C-ph). EWP-ph significantly decreased the micellar solubility and transfer rate and increased the WHC, SV, and relative viscosity compared with C-ph. Moreover, the pepsin hydrolysate of ovalbumin, a major protein in EWP, played a role in decreasing cholesterol micellar solubility, leading to the inhibition of cholesterol absorption. In conclusion, dietary EWP decreased cholesterol intestinal absorption by exerting combined effects of these physicochemical properties in the gut.

DOI： 10.1021/jf502741b

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Habitual coffee drinking has been linked to a lower risk for some forms of cancer, but the mechanism remains elusive. Coffee may decrease oxidative DNA damage, an important pathway to carcinogenesis. We examined the association between coffee consumption and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentrations, a biomarker of systemic oxidative DNA damage and repair, in 507 healthy subjects (298 men and 209 women aged 21-67 years) while adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, body mass index, job type, and fasting blood glucose in multivariable regression models. The association with green tea consumption was also assessed. Urinary 8-OHdG concentrations tended to decrease with coffee consumption (Trend P=0.068) only in women, with participants drinking 2-3 cups of coffee per day showing the lowest mean of urinary 8-OHdG concentrations. This association diminished after adjustment for serum ferritin concentrations, a marker of body iron storage (Trend P=0.87). Green tea consumption was not significantly associated with urinary 8-OHdG concentrations. Coffee drinking may be associated with decreased systemic oxidative DNA damage through decreasing body iron storage in women.

DOI： 10.1080/01635581.2014.932398.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background
Lower serum total (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterols (LDL-C) have been linked to an increased risk of cancer in various sites, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In an attempt to clarify the association between cholesterol levels and oxidative DNA damage, we investigated the relationship between serum cholesterol and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in a Japanese working population.
Methods
The study subjects were 294 men and 209 women aged 21-66 years in two Japanese municipal offices. Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was measured using an automated high-pressure liquid chromatography. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the associations of urinary 8-OHdG with TC, HDL-C and LDL-C levels with adjustment for sex, age, smoking and body mass index. Subgroup analyses were conducted by smoking status in men and age in women. Analysis of covariance was employed to estimate adjusted means of urinary 8-OHdG across TC category.
Results
After multivariate adjustment, urinary 8-OHdG levels were inversely associated with serum TC levels (β = −0.0015, p < 0.05) and LDL-C levels (β = −0.0012, p = 0.07). The inverse association with TC was apparent among smoking men (β = −0.0017, p < 0.05) and among women aged less than 48 years (β = −0.0040, p < 0.01). 8-OHdG decreased as TC increased (up to 219 mg/dL); subjects with TC levels of <160 mg/dL had a 17.4% higher adjusted mean of 8-OHdG than did those with TC levels of 200–219 mg/dL.
Conclusion
Results suggest that circulating low TC levels are associated with higher oxidative DNA damage.

DOI： 10.1186/10.1186/1743-7075-10-59

その他リンク： http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/10/1/59

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Objective. Higher coffee and green tea consumption has been suggested to decrease risk of type 2 diabetes, but their roles in insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion remain unclear. This study examined the association between habitual consumption of these beverages with markers of glucose metabolism in a Japanese working population.
Materials/Methods. Participants were 1,440 Japanese employees (1,151 men and 289 women) aged 18-69 years. Consumption of coffee and green tea was ascertained via a validated brief diet history questionnaire. Multilevel linear regression was used to estimate means and 95% confidence intervals of fasting insulin, fasting plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with adjustment for potential confounding variables. Stratified analyses by smoking and body mass index (BMI) were also performed.
Results. Coffee consumption was significantly, inversely associated with HOMA-IR (P for trend = .03), and the association appeared to be confined to overweight subjects (BMI ≥25kg/m2 ) (P for trend = .01, P for interaction = .08). Contrarily, there was a significant, positive association between green tea consumption and HOMA-IR (P for trend = .015), though dose response relationship among daily consumers of green tea was not observed. Neither coffee nor green tea consumption was associated with HOMA-β and HbA1c.
Conclusions. Our findings indicate that coffee consumption may be associated with decreased IR, but not with insulin secretion. The positive association between green tea consumption and IR warrants further investigation.

DOI： 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.11.008

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background & Aims: Fatty acid composition in diet and serum has been linked to depression, but the evidence on this issue is limited among Japanese, who consume large amounts of fish rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. We examined the association between fatty acid composition in serum and depressive symptoms in Japanese men and women.
Methods: The subjects were 496 participants aged 21-67 years in a cross-sectional study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Free, cholesterol ester, and phospholipid fatty acids in serum were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between serum fatty acid and depressive symptoms.
Results: A higher free alpha-linolenic acid level was marginally significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of depressive symptoms (CES-D≥16) (P for trend = 0.07). When a cut-off of CES-D≥19 was used, the association was strengthened; the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of depressive symptoms for the lowest through highest tertile of alpha-linolenic acid levels were 1.00 (reference), 0.49 (0.29-0.84), and 0.47 (0.26-0.83), respectively (P for trend = 0.007). A higher n-6 PUFA in cholesterol esters and free linoleic acid were also significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of depressive symptoms (CES-D≥19) (P for trend = 0.03 and 0.048, respectively). The other polyunsaturated fatty acids including marine-derived n-3 PUFA were not associated with depressive symptoms.
Conclusions: Fatty acid composition with high levels of serum alpha-linolenic and linoleic acids might be protectively associated with depressive symptoms in Japanese adults.

DOI： 10.1016/j.clnme.2013.12.003

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background: Supplementation studies have suggested a role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
(PUFAs) in homocysteine metabolism, but the evidence is limited and inconsistent among studies
that measured blood levels of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs. We examined the association between blood
levels of PUFAs and homocysteine in Japanese men and women.
Methods: The subjects were 496 employees (290 men and 206 women) of 2 municipal offices in
Japan. Fatty acid composition in serum phospholipids and cholesterol ester (CE) was measured
using gas-liquid chromatography. Multiple regression was used to calculate means of homocysteine
concentrations according to PUFA tertile with adjustment for potential confounders.
Results: Serum homocysteine concentration decreased with increasing levels of total n-3 PUFA,
eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in serum phospholipids and CE with
adjustment for age, sex and workplace. However, only DHA in serum phospholipids remained
statistically significant after additional adjustment for other potential confounders including serum
folate (P-trend = 0.04). N-6 PUFAs were not significantly associated with homocysteine
concentrations.
Conclusions: Higher proportion of DHA in serum phospholipids may be associated with lower
homocysteine concentrations in Japanese men and women.

DOI： 10.1186/1743-7075-10-41

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.nut.2013.03.014

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Vitamin B6 is suggested to play a protective role against depression. However, the association between vitamin B6 intake and depression remains inconclusive, and few studies have examined the relationship between circulating vitamin B6 concentrations and depressive symptoms. Here, we investigated the cross-sectional and prospective associations between serum pyridoxal concentrations and depressive symptoms among Japanese workers.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Participants were 422 municipal employees (aged 21-67 years) who participated in a baseline survey in 2006 for cross-sectional analysis, and 210 subjects without depressive symptoms at baseline (2006) who completed both baseline and follow-up (2009) surveys for prospective analysis. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio of depressive symptoms (CES-D scale of ≥19) according to tertile of serum pyridoxal with adjustment for potential confounding variables.
RESULTS: In the cross-sectional analysis, serum pyridoxal concentrations were significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of depressive symptoms (P for trend = 0.03); the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of depressive symptoms for the highest tertile of pyridoxal was 0.54 (95% confidence interval 0.30-0.96) compared with the lowest tertile. In longitudinal analyses, higher serum pyridoxal concentrations at baseline were associated with a trend towards reduced depressive symptoms after three years; the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of depressive symptoms for the highest versus the lowest tertile of pyridoxal concentration was 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.13-2.32).
CONCLUSIONS: A higher vitamin B6 status may be associated with a decreased risk of depressive symptoms in Japanese.

DOI： 10.1038/ejcn.2013.115

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background/Objectives:The association between vitamin D status and insulin resistance (IR) has been less studied among Asians, and it remains elusive whether calcium could modify such an association. We examined the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations with IR markers and the potential effect modification by calcium intake among a Japanese population.
Subjects/Methods:The authors analyzed data (n=494) from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2009 among a Japanese working population aged 20–68 years. Fasting serum 25(OH)D and insulin, as well as fasting plasma glucose were determined, and homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Calcium intake was assessed using a validated diet history questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was done with adjustment of potential confounding variables.
Results:Fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly inversely associated with 25(OH)D concentration across quartiles of 25(OH)D after fully adjusting for covariates (Ptrend=0.04 and 0.02, respectively). Across clinically relevant categories of 25(OH)D, compared with participants in the vitamin D sufficiency group, those in the vitamin D insufficiency group had a 5% higher HOMA-IR score, and those in the hypovitaminosis D group had an 18% higher HOMA-IR score (Ptrend=0.01). In an analysis by calcium intake, the HOMA-IR score was highest among participants with both a low calcium intake and lowest 25(OH)D concentrations, with significant inverse trend being observed in the group with lower calcium intake (Ptrend=0.02).
Conclusions:Our findings suggest that low vitamin D status is associated with IR among Japanese adults.

DOI： 10.1038/ejcn.2012.169

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Although several studies have reported an association between blood folate concentrations and depressive symptoms, few studies have prospectively examined the association. This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional and prospective associations between serum folate concentrations and depressive symptoms among Japanese. We analyzed data among 545 subjects who participated in a health survey at the time of periodic checkup in 2009 for cross-sectional association and among 272 subjects without depressive symptoms at baseline (in 2006) who responded to both baseline (2006) and follow-up (2009) surveys for prospective association. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. In a cross-sectional analysis, serum folate concentrations were significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of depressive symptoms (CES-D scale of ≥16). Moreover, serum folate concentrations at baseline were significantly inversely associated with depressive symptoms after three years; the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of depressive symptoms for the lowest through highest tertile categories of serum folate concentrations were 1.00 (reference), 0.66 (0.29-1.52), and 0.40 (0.16-0.99) (P for trend = 0.047). Our findings suggest that higher serum folate may be associated with decreased risk of depressive symptoms in Japanese.

DOI： 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.04.040

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Purpose Ezetimibe has been shown to inhibit dietary choles- terol absorption in animal models and humans, but studies on lymphatic lipid transport have not yet been performed. Rats subjected to permanent lymph duct cannulation were used to investigate the effects of ezetimibe on lipid transport. Methods Rats were fed diets with and without ezetimibe (5.0 mg/kg), and their lymph was collected after feeding to quantify lymphatic lipid levels. Total cholesterol content in the intestinal mucosa was also measured.
Results Rats that consumed ezetimibe had significantly lower lymphatic total cholesterol transport with the reduction of esterified cholesterol transport. According to the calculation based on cholesterol consumption, ezetimibe reduced the total cholesterol lymphatic recovery rate by 54 %. We also deter- mined that ezetimibe significantly reduced the total cholester- ol content in the intestinal mucosa.
Conclusion This is the first direct evidence that ezetimibe inhibits esterified but not free cholesterol lymphatic transport in thoracic duct-cannulated rats. The results also indicate that ezetimibe is not involved in the lymphatic transport of triacyl- glycerols, phospholipids, or α-tocopherol.

DOI： 10.1007/s10557-012-6403-3

その他リンク： http://www.springerlink.com/content/03503hl67742470l/

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background: Serum β-cryptoxanthin levels are lower in overweight subjects than in normal subjects. Abnormalities of adipocytokine profiles in obesity subjects have been reported. There are several reports that serum β-cryptoxanthin levels in them were relatively lower than normal subjects.
Objective: We hypothesize that supplementation of highly concentrated β-cryptoxanthin improves serum adipocytokine profiles in obese subjects. This study tested the association between β-cryptoxanthin intake and serum adipocytokine levels.
Methods: An intervention study consisted of a 3-week long before-and-after controlled trial, where β-cryptoxanthin (4.7 mg/day) was given to 17 moderately obese postmenopausal women.
Results: The results indicated no significant changes in body weight or body mass index (BMI). Serum β-cryptoxanthin levels increased significantly by 4-fold. Serum high molecular weight (HMW)-adiponectin levels increased significantly, while serum plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 levels decreased.
Conclusions: We concluded that increasing the intake of β-cryptoxanthin to approximately 4 mg per day for 3 weeks may have beneficial effects on the serum adipocytokine status and consequently alleviate progression of metabolic syndrome.

DOI： 10.1186/1476-511X-11-52

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background: PUFAs are susceptible to lipid peroxidation and play a role in inflammation, both of which can induce oxidative stress. However, the relation of PUFA to oxidative DNA damage in humans is elusive.

Objective: We examined the association between concentrations of circulatory PUFAs and urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua) in Japanese men and women.

Design: The subjects were 495 participants (290 men and 205 women) in a cross-sectional study in 2 municipal offices in Japan. Serum cholesterol ester (CE) and phospholipid fatty acid composition were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Urinary 8-oxoGua concentrations were measured by HPLC, and 8-oxoGua values for each tertile of PUFA after adjustment for covariates were calculated by multiple regression.
Results: Urinary 8-oxoGua concentrations increased with increasing concentrations of n–3 (omega-3) PUFAs, EPA, and DHA in serum CE (P-trend = 0.001, 0.01, and 0.009, respectively), whereas they decreased with increasing concentrations of n–6 PUFAs and linoleic acid (P-trend = 0.02 and 0.051, respectively).
Conclusion: Oxidative DNA damage may be greater with higher concentrations of long-chain n–3 PUFAs but lower with higher concentrations of n–6 (omega-6) PUFAs.

DOI： 10.3945/ajcn.111.030817

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

SHRSP/Izm and WKY/NCrlCrlj Rats Having Missense Mutation in Abcg5 Deposited Plant Sterols in the Body, But not Change Their Biliary Secretion and Lymphatic　Absorption --- Comparison with Jcl:Wistar and WKY/Izm Rats

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Effect of a Liver X Receptor Agonist on Deposition and Lymphatic Absorption of Plant Sterols in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Having a Mutation in ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter G5

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.110554

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background: Although fatty acid composition in serum and desaturase activity, which alters serum fatty acid composition, has been associated with C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration in Western populations, no study has been carried out in non-Western populations. We examined the association of serum fatty acids and estimated desaturase activity with CRP concentrations in Japanese men and women. Methods: Subjects were 489 Japanese municipal employees aged 21-67 years who participated in a survey at the time of a periodic health check-up. Serum high-sensitivity CRP concentrations were measured using the latex agglutination nephelometry method. Fatty acid composition was measured in serum cholesteryl esters and desaturase activities by fatty acid product-to-precursor ratios. Relationships were assessed using multiple regression. Results: Serum CRP concentration was positively associated with palmitic acid (P for trend = 0.002) and inversely with alpha-linolenic acid (P for trend = 0.01) in men, and positively with dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (P for trend in men or women = 0.01) and inversely with delta-5-desaturase (20:4n-6/20:3n-6) (P for trend in men and women = 0.05 and 0.002, respectively) in men and women. Conclusions: Low-grade inflammation may be associated with a serum fatty acid pattern of high palmitic acid or low alpha-linolenic acid in men, and of high dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid or low delta-5-desaturase in both sexes.

DOI： 0.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.11.012

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Dietary guar gum reduces lymph flow and diminishes lipid transport in thoracic duct-cannulated rats

DOI： DOI: 10.1007/s11745-011-3570-0

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Dietary kakrol (Momordica dioica Roxb.) flesh inhibits triacylglycerol absorption and lowers the risk for development of fatty liver in rats

DOI： 10.1258/ebm.2011.011037

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 inhibits enlargement of visceral adipocytes and upregulation of serum soluble adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) in rats

DOI： 10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.02.001

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1194/jlr.M5000257-JLR200

担当区分：最終著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/JAHA.123.031865

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/bbb/zbad004

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-022-20838-9

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/bbb/zbac148

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Abstract: Soyasaponins are triterpenoid glycosides found in soybean. We investigated whether soyasaponin ameliorates lipid metabolism and its possible mechanisms. In C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), soyasaponin (SAP) was orally administered for 9 weeks. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of soyasapogenols on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In HFD-fed mice, the SAP significantly reduced body weight by 7&#37; and relative adipose tissue weight by 35&#37;. X-ray computed tomography demonstrated that the SAP reduced visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue weights during week 3 of feeding. The SAP reduced sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA levels by 32&#37; in the epididymal adipose tissue, significantly decreasing the triacylglycerol (TAG) content by 37&#37; and SREBP-1c and fatty acid synthase mRNA levels by 52&#37; and 61&#37;, respectively, in the liver. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, soyasapogenol B significantly decreased lipid droplets. The SAP containing soyasaponin A and B as conjugates demonstrate anti-obesity effects by suppressing adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis, with a preventive effect on hepatic TAG accumulation by suppressing lipogenesis. Practical Application: Soyasaponin is one of the oleanane triterpenoids in soybeans. We have demonstrated that soyasaponin potently reduces body weight and white adipose tissue weight, and hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation in high-fat diet-fed mice. Thus, soyasaponin is a beneficial compound to prevent obesity and fatty liver.

DOI： 10.1111/1750-3841.15696

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/lipd.12319

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

There is an increasing need to explore the mechanism of the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Steroid metabolism is closely linked to hepatic steatosis and steroids are excreted as bile acids (BAs). Here, we demonstrated that feeding WKAH/HkmSlc inbred rats a diet supplemented with cholic acid (CA) at 0.5 g/kg for 13 weeks induced simple steatosis without obesity. Liver triglyceride and cholesterol levels were increased accompanied by mild elevation of aminotransferase activities. There were no signs of inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, or fibrosis. CA supplementation increased levels of CA and taurocholic acid (TCA) in enterohepatic circulation and deoxycholic acid (DCA) levels in cecum with an increased ratio of 12α-hydroxylated BAs to non-12α-hydroxylated BAs. Analyses of hepatic gene expression revealed no apparent feedback control of BA and cholesterol biosynthesis. CA feeding induced dysbiosis in cecal microbiota with enrichment of DCA producers, which underlines the increased cecal DCA levels. The mechanism of steatosis was increased expression of Srebp1 (positive regulator of liver lipogenesis) through activation of the liver X receptor by increased oxysterols in the CA-fed rats, especially 4β-hydroxycholesterol (4βOH) formed by upregulated expression of hepatic Cyp3a2, responsible for 4βOH formation. Multiple regression analyses identified portal TCA and cecal DCA as positive predictors for liver 4βOH levels. The possible mechanisms linking these predictors and upregulated expression of Cyp3a2 are discussed. Overall, our observations highlight the role of 12α-hydroxylated BAs in triggering liver lipogenesis and allow us to explore the mechanisms of hepatic steatosis onset, focusing on cholesterol and BA metabolism.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158811

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. High-fat (HF) diet induces hepatic steatosis that is a risk factor for noncommunicable diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Previously, we found that HF feeding in rats increases the excretion of fecal bile acids (BAs), specifically 12α-hydroxylated (12αOH) BAs. Although the liver is the metabolic center in our body, the association between hepatic steatosis and 12αOH BAs in HF-fed rats is unclear. Thus, we investigated extensively BA composition in HF-fed rats and evaluated the association between hepatic steatosis and 12αOH BAs. Acclimated male inbred WKAH/HkmSlc rats were divided into two groups and fed either control or HF diet for 8 weeks. Feeding HF diet increased hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations, which correlated positively with 12αOH BAs concentrations but not with non-12αOH BAs in the feces, portal plasma and liver. Accompanied by the increase in 12αOH BAs, the rats fed HF diet showed increased fat absorption and higher mRNA expression of liver Cidea. The enhancement of 12αOH BA secretion may contribute to hepatic steatosis by the promotion of dietary fat absorption and hepatic Cidea mRNA expression. The increase in 12αOH BAs was associated with enhanced liver cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) and sterol 12α-hydroxylase (Cyp8b1) mRNA expression. There was a significant increase in 7α-hydroxycholesterol, a precursor of BAs, in the liver of HF-fed rats. Altogether, these data suggest that the HF diet increases preferentially 12αOH BAs synthesis by utilizing the accumulated hepatic cholesterol and enhancing mRNA expression of Cyp7a1 and Cyp8b1 in the liver.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108412

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We previously reported that soy β-conglycinin (βCG) improves obesity-induced metabolic abnormalities, but not obesity, in obese model Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of βCG-derived peptide consumption on obesity and lipid abnormality in OLETF rats. To this end, wild-type Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka and OLETF rats were provided a normal diet containing 20% casein for four weeks as a control. In addition, we prepared βCG peptide by enzymatic hydrolysis, and OLETF rats were fed a diet in which half of the casein was replaced by βCG peptide (βCG peptide group). Consequently, rats in the βCG peptide group showed decreased abdominal white adipose tissue weight and lipid content (serum and liver triglycerides, and serum and liver cholesterol) compared to control OLETF rats. Further analysis demonstrated that βCG peptide consumption decreased lipogenic enzyme activity and increased lipolytic enzyme activity in the liver of OLETF rats. In addition, suppressive effects on both synthesis and absorption of cholesterol were observed in βCG peptide-fed OLETF rats. These findings suggest that peptidization of βCG enhanced the anti-obese and hypolipidemic effects of βCG.

DOI： 10.5650/jos.ess20010

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

In the present study, we investigated the glucose-decreasing action of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The finding of this study could be helpful for people in controlling their blood sugar levels. The LAB candidate was isolated from a Japanese fermented food and identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus by an analysis of its genome sequence. Postprandial blood glucose elevation was investigated using oral starch tolerance tests in mice. Normal mice were fed starch and lyophilized cells of P. pentosaceus QU 19 at the same time. Even without pre-administration of P. pentosaceus QU 19, elevation of the blood glucose level was significantly suppressed by the intake of P. pentosaceus QU 19 at the same time as oral administration of starch. According to the results for its survival in simulated digestive juice and the reduction of blood glucose level in mice, P. pentosaceus QU 19 has potential hypoglycemic activity. In vitro measurements revealed that the glucose-decreasing action of P. pentosaceus QU 19 is probably caused by the glucose assimilation of the strain, not the inhibition of carbohydrate-splitting enzymes which has been reported for other LABs previously. These findings indicate that specific strains of LAB, especially P. pentosaceus QU 19, and foods fermented by LAB may be beneficial for people who must manage glucose ingestion.

DOI： 10.12938/BMFH.19-041

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Purpose: Oxycholesterols (OCs) are produced from cholesterol by oxidation of the steroidal backbone and side-chain. OCs are present in blood and evidence suggests their involvement in disease development and progression. However, limited information is available regarding the absorption mechanisms and relative absorption rates of dietary OCs. Although ezetimibe is known to inhibit intestinal cholesterol absorption via Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1), whether it also inhibits dietary OC absorption is unclear. Methods: We investigated the effects of ezetimibe on OC absorption in rats fed an OC-rich diet containing 10 different OCs. We collected lymphatic fluid using permanent cannulation of the thoracic duct and quantified OC levels. Results: Ezetimibe treatment significantly reduced the apparent absorption of 5β,6β-epoxycholesterol (5,6β-epoxy) and its levels in the proximal intestinal mucosa in OC-fed rats. Using in silico analyses, the binding energy of NPC1L1 N-terminal domain (NPC1L1-NTD) and 5,6β-epoxy was found to be similar to that of NPC1L1-NTD and cholesterol, suggesting that polar uncharged amino acids located in the steroidal part of 5,6β-epoxy were involved. Conclusion: Our results indicate that ezetimibe-mediated inhibition of dietary OC absorption varies depending on the specific OC, and only the absorption of 5,6β-epoxy is significantly reduced.

DOI： 10.1007/s10557-019-06854-4

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2018 CAAS. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V We developed a microplate assay method for determining the contents of triacylglycerols (TAGs), phosphatidylcholines (PCs), and free fatty acids (FFAs) in the rice bran of one grain using enzymatic reactions. In this method, enzymes from commercially available kits were used. Optimum reaction conditions were established. It was found that Nonidet P-40 was the optimal among the three surfactants used (Triton X-100, Tween 40, and Nonidet P-40) when lipid was dissolved in a reaction solution. Using this method, it was possible to quantify TAGs, PCs, and FFAs in concentration ranges of 7–150, 5–70, and 8–200 mg L−1, respectively. Furthermore, when the TAG contents in the rice bran were measured, the values closely corresponded to those obtained by extracting from large amounts of rice bran. However, sufficient data on the PC and FFA contents in rice bran are not available for valid comparisons. Although this method can accurately quantify the TAG contents in the rice bran of one grain, the accuracy of the PC and FFA contents has not been verified. Hence, future study is necessary.

DOI： 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61849-5

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.12.004

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Copyright © The Authors 2018. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease spreading worldwide that has been reported to worsen the development and progression of other diseases (cancer, vascular diseases and dementia). To establish functional rice lines with anti-postprandial hyperglycaemic effects, we developed mutant rice lines, which lack one or two gene(s) related to starch synthesis, and evaluated their effects. Powder of mutant rice lines or other grains was loaded to rats fasted overnight (oral grain powder loading test). Incremental area under time-concentration curves (iAUC) were calculated with monitored blood glucose levels. Rice lines with anti-postprandial hyperglycaemic effects were separated by cluster analysis with calculated iAUC. A double mutant rice #4019 (starch synthase IIIa (ss3a)/branching enzyme IIb (be2b)), one of the screened mutant rice lines, was fed to Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, an animal model for type 2 diabetes, for 5 weeks. Plasma levels of C-peptide, a marker of pancreatic insulin secretion, were measured with ELISA. For in vitro study, a rat pancreatic cell line was cultured with a medium containing rat serum which was sampled from rats fed #4019 diet for 2 d. After 24-h of incubation, an insulin secretion test was performed. Through the oral rice powder loading test, seven rice lines were identified as antidiabetic rice lines. The intake of #4019 diet increased plasma C-peptide levels of GK rats. This result was also observed in vitro. In rat serum added to cell medium, ornithine was significantly increased by the intake of #4019. In conclusion, the mutant rice #4019 promoted pancreatic insulin secretion via elevation of serum ornithine levels.

DOI： 10.1017/S0007114518000314

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2017 American Society for Nutrition. Background: The association between the circulating fatty acid (FA) composition and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been reported in Western populations, but evidence is scarce among Asian populations, including Japanese, who consume large amounts of fish. Objective: The objective of the present study was to prospectively examine the association between circulating concentrations of individual FAs and T2D incidence among Japanese adults. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study in a cohort of 4754 employees, aged 34-69 y, who attended a comprehensive health checkup in 2008-2009 and donated blood samples for the Hitachi Health Study. During 5 y of follow-up, diabetes was identified on the basis of plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and self-report. Two controls matched to each case by sex, age, and date of checkup were randomly chosen by using density sampling, resulting in 336 cases and 678 controls with FA measurements. GC was used to measure the FA composition in serum phospholipids. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the HRs and 95% CIs after adjusting for potential confounders. We examined the association of T2D risk with 25 different individual and combinations of FAs. Results: T2D risk was positively associated with serum dihomo-γ-linoleic acid concentration (highest compared with the lowest quartile-HR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.11; P-trend = 0.02) and inversely associated with Δ5-desaturase activity (highest compared with the lowest quartile-HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.99; P-trend = 0.02), independent of body mass index (BMI). There were also inverse associations between T2D risk with serum total n-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), linoleic acid, and cis-vaccenic acid, but these were attenuated and became nonsignificant after adjustment for BMI. Serum n-3 (ω-3) PUFAs and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were not associated with T2D risk. Conclusions: T2D risk was associated with circulating concentrations of the n-6 PUFA dihomo-γ-linoleic acid and Δ5-desaturase activity but not with n-3 PUFA or SFA concentrations in Japanese adults.

DOI： 10.3945/jn.117.248997

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2017, The Japanese Society of Pharmacognosy and Springer Japan. Hericium erinaceus (H. erinaceus) improves the symptoms of menopause. In this study, using ovariectomized mice as a model of menopause, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of this mushroom in menopause. Mice fed diets containing H. erinaceus powder showed significant decreases in the amounts of fat tissue, plasma levels of total cholesterol, and leptin. To determine the mechanism, groups of mice were respectively fed a diet containing H. erinaceus powder, a diet containing ethanol extract of H. erinaceus, and a diet containing a residue of the extract. As a result, H. erinaceus powder was found to increase fecal lipid levels in excreted matter. Further in vitro investigation showed that ethanol extract inhibited the activity of lipase, and four lipase-inhibitory compounds were isolated from the extract: hericenone C, hericenone D, hericenone F, and hericenone G. In short, we suggest that H. erinaceus has an anti-obesity effect during menopause because it decreases the ability to absorb lipids.

DOI： 10.1007/s11418-017-1075-8

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2017 Kurotani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Background Saturated fatty acids are generally thought to have detrimental effects on health. However, a recent study showed that even-And odd-chain saturated fatty acids had opposite associations with type 2 diabetes. Limited studies of Western populations examined the associations of circulating saturated fatty acids with adipokines, an important role in glucose metabolism. Objective We examined the associations of saturated fatty acids in serum phospholipids with circulating levels of adipokines among a Japanese population. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted among 484 Japanese employees (284 men and 200 women) aged 20±65 years. The serum fatty acid composition in the phospholipid fraction was measured by gas-chromatography. Serum leptin, adiponectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), resistin, and visfatin were measured using a Luminex suspension beadbased multiplexed array. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between saturated fatty acids and adipokines, with adjustment for potential confounding variables. Results Even-And odd-chain saturated fatty acids were differentially associated with adipokines. Higher levels of even-chain saturated fatty acids (14:0 myristic, 16:0 palmitic, and 18:0 stearic acids) were associated with higher levels of resistin (P for trend = 0.048) and lower levels of adiponectin (P for trend = 0.003). By contrast, odd-chain saturated fatty acids (15:0 pentadecanoic and 17:0 heptadecanoic acids) showed inverse associations with leptin and PAI-1 (P for trend = 0.048 and 0.02, respectively). Visfatin was positively associated with both even-And odd-chain saturated fatty acids. Conclusions The results suggest that even-And odd-chain saturated fatty acids are differentially associated with adipokine profile.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0178192

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Oxidized cholesterols (oxycholesterols) in food have been recognized as strong atherogenic components, but their tissue distributions and roles in cardiovascular diseases remain unclear. To investigate whether accumulation of oxycholesterols is linked to cardiac morphology and function, and whether reduction of oxycholesterols can improve cardiac performance, domestic male swine were randomized to a control diet (C), high caloric diet (HCD) or HCD + Ezetimibe, an inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption, group (HCD + E) and evaluated for: (1) distribution of oxycholesterol components in serum and tissues, (2) levels of oxycholesterol-related enzymes, (3) paracardial and epicardial coronary fat thickness, and (4) cardiac performance. Ezetimibe treatment for 8 weeks attenuated increases in oxycholesterols in the HCD group almost completely in liver, but reduced only levels of 4β-hydroxycholesterol in left ventricular (LV) myocardium. Ezetimibe treatment altered the expression of genes for cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism and decreased the expression of CYP3A46, which catabolizes cholesterol to 4β-hydroxycholesterol, strongly in liver. An increase in epicardial fat thickness and impaired cardiac performance in the HCD group were improved by ezetimibe treatment, and the improvement was closely related to the reduction in levels of 4β-hydroxycholesterol in LV myocardium. In conclusion, an increase in oxycholesterols in the HCD group was closely related to cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, as well as an increase in epicardial fat thickness. Ezetimibe may directly reduce oxycholesterol in liver and LV myocardium, and improve cardiac morphology and function.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.05.010

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Copyright © The Authors 2016. Probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 (LG2055) reduces postprandial TAG absorption and exerts anti-obesity effects in rats and humans; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we addressed the mechanistic insights of the anti-obesity activity of LG2055 by feeding Sprague-Dawley rats diets containing skimmed milk fermented or not by LG2055 for 4 weeks and by analysing energy expenditure, glucose tolerance, the levels of SCFA in the caecum and serum inflammatory markers. Rats fed the LG2055-containing diet demonstrated significantly higher carbohydrate oxidation in the dark cycle (active phase for rats) compared with the control group, which resulted in a significant increase in energy expenditure. LG2055 significantly reduced cumulative blood glucose levels (AUC) compared with the control diet after 3 weeks and increased the molar ratio of butyrate:total SCFA in the caecum after 4 weeks. Furthermore, the LG2055-supplemented diet significantly reduced the levels of serum amyloid P component - an indicator of the inflammatory process. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that, in addition to the inhibition of dietary TAG absorption reported previously, the intake of probiotic LG2055 enhanced energy expenditure via carbohydrate oxidation, improved glucose tolerance and attenuated inflammation, suggesting multiple additive and/or synergistic actions underlying the anti-obesity effects exerted by LG2055.

DOI： 10.1017/S0007114516002245

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. Summary: This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary taurine on cholesterol metabolism in high-cholesterol-fed rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two dietary groups (n = 6 in each group): a high-cholesterol diet containing 0.5% cholesterol and 0.15% sodium cholate, and a high-cholesterol diet with 5% (w/w) taurine. The experimental diets were given for 2 weeks. Taurine supplementation reduced the serum and hepatic cholesterol levels by 37% and 32%, respectively. Faecal excretion of bile acids was significantly increased in taurine-treated rats, compared with untreated rats. Biliary bile acid concentrations were also increased by taurine. Taurine supplementation increased taurine-conjugated bile acids by 61% and decreased glycine-conjugated bile acids by 53%, resulting in a significant decrease in the glycine/taurine (G/T) ratio. Among the taurine-conjugated bile acids, cholic acid and deoxycholic acid were significantly increased. In the liver, taurine supplementation increased the mRNA expression and enzymatic activity of hepatic cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis, by three- and two-fold, respectively. Taurine also decreased the enzymatic activity of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP). These observations suggest that taurine supplementation increases the synthesis and excretion of taurine-conjugated bile acids and stimulates the catabolism of cholesterol to bile acid by elevating the expression and activity of CYP7A1. This may reduce cholesterol esterification and lipoprotein assembly for very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion, leading to reductions in the serum and hepatic cholesterol levels.

DOI： 10.1111/1440-1681.12534

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The development of low calorie foods to aid obesity control is a growing area of research. Among these,
resistant starch (RS) in cereals has beneficial effects on reducing colon cancer rate and better fatty acid
composition as well as lowering calories. Rice contains digestible starch and indigestible RS, the proportions
of which are affected by starch biosynthetic enzymes. Rice lines that carry mutations in starch
biosynthesis genes may have high levels of RS. In this study, percentage RS and non-digested component
values were determined in steamed rice from several rice lines. These include several high-amylose
indica rice cultivars, and lines carrying mutations in the starch synthase (SS) IIIa and/or branching
enzyme (BE) IIb genes. High RS rice lines contained high levels of non-digested component. RS
values 4% correlated with apparent amylose content. RS values of BEIIb-deficient mutant lines were
particularly high (15 RS 35%), and were correlated with the amount of amylopectin long chains.
Among rice lines used in this study, be2b mutant lines having large portions of amylopectin long chains
were the best candidates for high RS rice foods

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background/Objectives:Although adipokines and insulin resistance are known to be correlated with body fatness, it is unclear whether they are independently related to weight gain experience. We examined the associations of serum adipokines and marker of insulin resistance with past weight gain during adulthood by taking the degree of attained body mass index (BMI) level into consideration.Subjects/Methods:Subjects were 399 Japanese municipal employees, aged ⩾30 years, who participated in a health survey. Serum adipokines were measured using a Luminex suspension bead-based multiplexed array. Weight change during adulthood was calculated as the difference between measured current weight and recalled weight at the age of 20 years. Multiple regression was performed to calculate mean adipokine levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) according to weight gain (<5 kg, 5–9.9 kg, or ⩾10 kg) with adjustment for current BMI.Results:Weight gain from the age of 20 years was significantly and positively associated with leptin levels even after adjustment for current BMI (P for trend <0.001), whereas it was significantly and inversely associated with adiponectin levels in a BMI-adjusted model among subjects aged ⩾40 years (P for trend=0.03). Weight gain was associated with HOMA-IR in a BMI-unadjusted model (P for trend <0.001), but this association was largely attenuated after adjustment for BMI. Resistin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and visfatin were not associated with past weight gain.Conclusions:Results suggest that a large weight gain during adulthood is associated with higher leptin and lower adiponectin levels independently of the degree of attained BMI level.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 3 December 2014; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.257. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited

DOI： 10.1038/ejcn.2014.257

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Adipocyte size is closely related to the occurrence of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. Thus, researchers are searching for active substances that function to reduce adipocyte size. In the present study, we focused on sugar cane vinegar, Kibizu, and evaluated the function of Kibizu to reduce adipocyte size by using an in vitro model system, because people in Amami Oshima famous for longevity regularly consume Kibizu. Results showed that Kibizu treatment significantly reduced the size and number of lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 cells, relative to treatment with Kurozu, another traditional vinegar. Results of an extraction experiment suggest that the active components in Kibizu are lipophilic and hydrophobic. In addition, an in vivo experiment on rats treated with Kibizu showed that the active components were contained in large vein blood. Results of an additional in vivo experiment suggest that metabolites generated by Kibizu-treated rats are primarily contained or modified specifically in the large vein blood.

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2014 Akter et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Background: Leptin and ghrelin have been implicated in the pathogenesis of major depression. However, evidence is lacking among apparently healthy people. This study examined the relationship of these appetite hormones to depressive symptoms in a Japanese working population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009 among 497 Japanese employees (287 men and 210 women) aged 20-68 years. Fasting serum leptin and ghrelin levels were measured using a Luminex suspension bead-based multiplexed array. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for depressive symptoms with adjustment for potential confounders.Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥16) was 26.5% and 33.3% among men and women, respectively. Women in the middle and highest tertiles of leptin levels showed lower odds for depressive symptoms compared with those in the lowest level, although the trend association was not statistically significant (Ptrend = 0.14). Higher ghrelin levels were associated with increased odds for depressive symptoms in women (Ptrend = 0.02). The multivariable adjusted OR (95% CI) of having depressive symptoms for the lowest through highest tertiles of ghrelin levels were 1.00 (reference), 1.71 (0.76 - 3.86), and 2.69 (1.16 - 6.28), respectively. Neither leptin nor ghrelin was associated with depressive symptoms in men.Conclusions: Results suggest that lower leptin and higher ghrelin levels may be related to higher prevalence of depressive status among Japanese women.

DOI： 10.1186/1471-244X-14-203

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Abstract Objective To examine the association between the consumption of green tea, coffee and caffeine and depressive symptoms. Design Cross-sectional study. Consumption of green tea and coffee was ascertained with a validated dietary questionnaire and the amount of caffeine intake was estimated from these beverages. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to compute odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for depressive symptoms with adjustments for potential confounders. Setting Two workplaces in north-eastern Kyushu, Japan, in 2009. Subjects A total of 537 men and women aged 20-68 years. Results Higher green tea consumption was associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. Compared with participants consuming ≤1 cup/d, those consuming ≥4 cups green tea/d had a 51 % significantly lower prevalence odds of having depressive symptoms after adjustment for potential confounders, with significant trend association (P for trend = 0·01). Further adjustment for serum folate slightly attenuated the association. Coffee consumption was also inversely associated with depressive symptoms (≥2 cups/d v. <1 cup/d: OR = 0·61; 95 % CI 0·38, 0·98). Multiple-adjusted odds for depressive symptoms comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of caffeine consumption was OR = 0·57 (95 % CI 0·30, 1·05; P for trend = 0·02). Conclusions Results suggest that higher consumption of green tea, coffee and caffeine may confer protection against depression. © The Authors 2013.

DOI： 10.1017/S1368980013000360

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Objective of the study was to assess the breed effect on fatty acid (FA) composition of different adipose tissues and on mRNA expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and fat metabolism. Japanese Black (JB) and Holstein (HS) steers were kept under equivalent conditions with high energy intake resulting in large differences in intramuscular fat (IMF) accumulation in longissimus muscle (LM). The relative FA composition of muscle, intermuscular fat, visceral fat, and perirenal fat was comparable between JB and HS steers. Circulating fatty acids were also similar in both breeds. Most relevant breed effects were identified in IMF, underlining the uniqueness of this adipose tissue site. JB steers had more monounsaturated FA and less saturated FA. Perilipin 1 and adipose differentiation-related protein (ADFP) mRNA levels were higher in IMF of JB. The results suggest advanced maturity of IMF cells in JB and altered local conditions in muscle influencing IMF accumulation and composition

DOI： 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.06.027.

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background: Exogenously hypercholesterolemic (ExHC) rats develop hypercholesterolemia and low hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG) levels when dietary cholesterol is loaded. The responsible gene Smek2 was identified via linkage analysis using the original strain Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In this study, we compared SD and ExHC rats to investigate a relationship between hypercholesterolemia and the low hepatic TAG levels observed in ExHC rats. Methods. Male 4-weeks-old ExHC and SD rats were fed a 1&#37; cholesterol diet for 1 week. Serum and liver parameters were analyzed. Gene expression and enzyme activities related to TAG metabolism were also assessed. Results: We reproducibly observed higher serum cholesterol and lower hepatic TAG levels in ExHC rats than in SD rats. Golgi apparatus in the livers of ExHC rats secreted β-very-low-density lipoprotein (β-VLDL) that had higher cholesterol ester (CE) and lower TAG content than those in the β-VLDL secreted by SD rats. Gene expression related to fatty acid and TAG synthesis in ExHC rats was lower than that in SD rats. Enzymatic activities for fatty acid synthesis were also relatively lower in ExHC rats. Moreover, the fatty acid composition of hepatic and serum CE in ExHC rats showed that these CEs were not modified after secretion from the liver despite the similar activities of serum lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in ExHC rats to those in SD rats. Conclusions: Low production of liver TAG and secretion of CE-rich, TAG-poor β-VLDL without modification by LCAT in the circulation contributed to hypercholesterolemia induced by dietary cholesterol in ExHC rats. © 2014 Tanaka et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

DOI： 10.1186/1476-511X-13-19

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The loquat, Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. (Rosaceae), is a small tree native to Japan and China that is widely cultivated for its succulent fruit. Its leaves are used as an ingredient of a tasty tea called "Biwa cha" in Japanese. The anti-osteoporosis effects of the leaves of loquat in vitro and in vivo have been investigated. After 15 days of feeding normal diet or diet supplemented with 5% loquat leaves, the body weight, viscera weights, and bone mineral density (BMD) of both groups of eight ovariectomized (OVX) mice were compared. The result showed that the loss of BMD in loquat-fed mice was significantly prevented in three parts of the body, especially in the trabecular bone of the head (P < 0.05), abdomen (P < 0.01), and lumbar (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. No hypertrophy in the uterus by the loquat leaves diet was observed. The effect of the extract (447.25 g) prepared from the dried leaves of loquat (2.36 kg) was further studied on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and cell viability. The extract suppressed the differentiation of osteoclasts under 50, 125, 250, and 500 μg/mL. Through bioactivity-guided fractionation, ursolic acid (1) was isolated and inhibited osteoclast differentiation under 4 and 10 μg/mL. It was concluded that loquat leaves possess the potential to suppress ovariectomy-induced bone mineral density deterioration. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

DOI： 10.1021/jf402735u

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Consumption of fermented milk (FM) containing a probiotic, Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 (LG2055), previously showed a reduction in abdominal adiposity in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) using FM with 10(8) colony-forming units (cfu) of LG2055/g. However, whether the effectiveness is observed at lower concentrations, the recommended minimum or intermediate levels of probiotics (10(6) or 10(7) cfu/g, respectively), remains to be examined. A multi-centre, double-blind, parallel-group RCT was conducted using 210 healthy Japanese adults with large visceral fat areas (80·2 - 187·8 cm(2)). They were balanced for their baseline characteristics and randomly assigned to three groups receiving FM containing 10(7), 10(6) or 0 (control) cfu LG2055/g of FM, and were asked to consume 200 g FM/d for 12 weeks. Abdominal visceral fat areas, which were determined by computed tomography, at week 12, changed from baseline by an average of -8·5 % (95 % CI -11·9, -5·1; P< 0·01) in the 10(7) dose group, and by -8·2 % (95 % CI -10·8, -5·7; P< 0·01) in the 10(6) dose group. Other measures including BMI, waist and hip circumferences, and body fat mass were also significantly decreased from baseline at week 12 in both groups; interestingly, the cessation of taking FM for 4 weeks attenuated these effects. In the control group, none of these parameters significantly decreased from baseline. These findings demonstrate that consumption of LG2055 at doses as low as the order of 10(8) cfu/d exhibited a significant lowering effect on abdominal adiposity, and suggest that constant consumption might be needed to maintain the effect.

DOI： 10.1017/S0007114513001037

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Dietary fat plays a major role in obesity, lipid metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases. To determine whether the intake of different types of dietary fats affect the muscle fiber types that govern the metabolic and contractile properties of the skeletal muscle, we fed male Wistar rats with a 15% fat diet derived from different fat sources. Diets composed of soybean oil (n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-rich), fish oil (n-3 PUFA-rich), or lard (low in PUFAs) were administered to the rats for 4 weeks. Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms were used as biomarkers to delineate the skeletal muscle fiber types. Compared with soybean oil intake, fish oil intake showed significantly lower levels of the fast-type MyHC2B and higher levels of the intermediate-type MyHC2X composition in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle, which is a fast-type dominant muscle. Concomitantly, MyHC2X mRNA levels in fish oil-fed rats were significantly higher than those observed in the soybean oil-fed rats. The MyHC isoform composition in the lard-fed rats was an intermediate between that of the fish oil and soybean oil-fed rats. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4, and porin mRNA showed significantly upregulated levels in the EDL of fish oil-fed rats compared to those observed in soybean oil-fed and lard-fed rats, implying an activation of oxidative metabolism. In contrast, no changes in the composition of MyHC isoforms was observed in the soleus muscle, which is a slow-type dominant muscle. Fatty acid composition in the serum and the muscle was significantly influenced by the type of dietary fat consumed. In conclusion, dietary fat affects the expression of genes related to the contractile and metabolic properties in the fast-type dominant skeletal muscle, where the activation of oxidative metabolism is more pronounced after fish oil intake than that after soybean oil intake. © 2013 Mizunoya et al.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0080152

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Nutritional guidance and diet control play important roles in the treatment of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver. However, in Japan, nutritional guidance is difficult to provide in practice. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of providing the 'once-a-day' intervention of a healthy lunch on various metabolic parameters.
METHODS:
For a 1-month preparatory period, 10 subjects generally consumed the lunches that were provided by the worksite cafeteria. This was followed by a 1-week washout period, after which, the subjects consumed healthy, low-calorie, well-balanced lunches for a 1-month test period. After the preparatory and test periods, blood samples were obtained from all subjects. The serum levels of indices relevant to metabolic syndrome and fatty liver were measured.
RESULTS:
Serum alanine aminotransferase activity significantly decreased by 20.3% after the healthy intervention. However, the indices of metabolic syndrome did not significantly change. Analysis of the relationship between serum alanine aminotransferase activity and nutrient content indicated that the improvement of serum alanine aminotransferase status was due to the higher vegetable content and lower animal-source protein of the meals provided.
CONCLUSIONS:
In summary, the 'once-a-day' intervention of providing a healthy lunch improved serum alanine aminotransferase status. A diet high in vegetables and low in animal-based protein is important in maintaining a healthy condition.

DOI： 10.1186/1476-511X-12-134

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Beneficial effects of dairy consumption in preventing obesity and metabolic syndrome have been suggested, but the association between dairy intake and insulin resistance (IR) is not clear. To test the hypothesis that higher dairy consumption is associated with lower insulin resistance, the authors investigated the association between dairy intake (taking fat content into consideration) and markers of IR in a Japanese working population. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009 among 496 subjects aged 20-68 years who participated in a health survey during a periodic checkup. Dairy consumption was assessed using a validated brief dietary history questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the association between fasting serum insulin, plasma glucose, and the homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and dairy consumption with adjustment for potential confounding variables. The subjects in the highest quartile for total dairy intake showed the lowest mean IR markers compared to those in other categories, although the difference was not statistically significant. Intake of full-fat dairy products was inversely associated with HOMA-IR (P for trend = 0.02). The multivariable adjusted mean HOMA-IR values (with 95% confidence intervals) for the four groups, from those who consumed the fewest to those who consumed the most servings of full-fat dairy products, were 1.04 (0.96-1.12), 1.04 (0.96-1.13), 1.00 (0.91-1.08), and 0.86 (0.76-0.96), respectively. Low-fat dairy intake was not significantly associated with any IR markers. The results suggest that the consumption of full-fat dairy products may be associated with lower IR among Japanese adults. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.01.009

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Objective: Several epidemiological studies have reported that high concentrations of circulating ferritin, a marker of iron stores, are related to insulin resistance (IR); however, questions remain regarding inconsistent data between Asian men and women and the inadequate consideration of potential confounding effects on the relationship between ferritin and IR. Our aim was to examine the relationship between serum ferritin concentrations and IR markers in the Japanese population. Materials/Methods: We analyzed data (n = 493) from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2009 among a Japanese working population aged 20-68 years. Fasting serum ferritin and insulin levels and fasting plasma glucose levels were determined, and the homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Multiple regression analysis was performed with adjustments for demographic and lifestyle factors, body mass index and serum C-reactive protein. Results: Fasting insulin and HOMA-IR significantly increased with increasing levels of serum ferritin after adjustment for covariates in men (P for trend =.005 and.001, respectively). Compared with men in the lowest tertile of serum ferritin, those in the highest tertile had a 24% higher HOMA-IR score. Additional data suggested a positive association between iron intake and HOMA-IR (P for trend =.07) in men. Neither serum ferritin nor iron intake was related to IR markers in women, even in postmenopausal women. Conclusions: Serum ferritin concentrations were positively associated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in men but not in women, suggesting an important role of iron storage in the pathogenesis of IR in Japanese men. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.07.025

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

To identify the useful genetic resources for aleurone traits that are closely related to the lipid content of rice, we investigated 321 varieties. Brown rice seeds were cut in crosswise near the center with razor blade and the cut surface was stained with Oil Red O, and then observed under integrated fluorescence microscope (BZ9000). We found wide variations among varieties in the area stained, but the japonica group contained many varieties with large stained area. We selected 17 varieties to cover the whole range of stained areas among varieties tested an confirmed the thickness of aleurone layer using Kawamoto’s film method (micro-thin sections that were created with cryomicrotome). Aleurone traits were examined under a light microscope and measured. We found a strong correlation between the area of the aleurone layer and the stained area (r = 0.799***) and between the thickness of aleurone layer and the thickness of stained region (r = 0.543*). The area of the stained region therefore provides a fast and effective indicator for selecting varieties for the thickness of the aleurone layer. We also measured the amount (mg per 100 seeds) and proportion of triacylglycerols (TAG) to the 1 g of seed (mg g-1) in brown rice seeds without embryos. The amount and proportion of TAG to the 1 g of seed were both significantly correlated with the area, average thickness and percentage of aleurone layer. This suggests that the aleurone traits will provide good indicators for the selection of
varieties with high levels of TAG.

DOI： 10.1626/pps.16.41

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background/Objectives: The association between vitamin D status and insulin resistance (IR) has been less studied among Asians, and it remains elusive whether calcium could modify such an association. We examined the association of serum25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations with IR markers and the potential effect modification by calcium intake among a Japanese population.Subjects/Methods:The authors analyzed data (n=494) from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2009 among a Japanese working population aged 20-68 years. Fasting serum25(OH)D and insulin, as well as fasting plasma glucose were determined, and homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Calcium intake was assessed using a validated diet history questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was done with adjustment of potential confounding variables.Results:Fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly inversely associated with 25(OH)D concentration across quartiles of 25(OH)D after fully adjusting for covariates (P trend= 0.04 and 0.02, respectively). Across clinically relevant categories of 25(OH)D, compared with participants in the vitamin D sufficiency group, those in the vitamin D insufficiency group had a 5% higher HOMA-IR score, and those in the hypovitaminosis D group had an 18% higher HOMA-IR score (P trend= 0.01). In an analysis by calcium intake, the HOMA-IR score was highest among participants with both a low calcium intake and lowest 25(OH)D concentrations, with significant inverse trend being observed in the group with lower calcium intake (P trend= 0.02).Conclusions:Our findings suggest that low vitamin D status is associated with IR among Japanese adults. © 2012 Macmillan Publishers Limited.

DOI： 10.1038/ejcn.2012.169

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The association of fatty acid composition with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes has been reported in Western populations, but there is limited evidence of this association among the Japanese, whose populace consume large amounts of fish. To test the hypothesis that high palmitic, palmitoleic, and dihomo-γ-linolenic acids and low levels of linoleic and n-3 fatty acids are associated with higher insulin resistance among the Japanese, the authors investigated the relationship between serum fatty acid composition and serum C-peptide concentrations in 437 Japanese employees aged 21 to 67 years who participated in a workplace health examination. Serum cholesterol ester and phospholipid fatty acid compositions were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Desaturase activity was estimated by fatty acid product-to-precursor ratios. A multiple regression was used to assess the association between fatty acid and C-peptide concentrations. C-peptide concentrations were associated inversely with linoleic acid levels in cholesterol ester and phospholipid (P for trend = .01 and .02, respectively) and positively with stearic and palmitoleic acids in cholesterol ester (P for trend = .02 and .006, respectively) and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid in cholesterol ester and phospholipid (P for trend < .0001 for both). C-peptide concentrations were not associated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. C-peptide concentrations significantly increased as δ-9-desaturase (16:1 n-7/16:0) and δ-6-desaturase (18:3 n-6/18:2 n-6) increased (P for trend = .01 and .03, respectively) and δ-5-desaturase (20:4 n-6/20:3 n-6) decreased (P for trend = .004). In conclusion, a fatty acid pattern with high levels of serum stearic, palmitoleic, or dihomo-γ-linolenic acids; δ-9-desaturase (16:1 n-7/16:0) or δ-6-desaturase (18:3 n-6/18:2 n-6) activities; and low levels of serum linoleic acid or δ-5-desaturase (20:4 n-6/20:3 n-6) activity might be associated with higher insulin resistance in Japanese adults. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/j.nutres.2012.07.004

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The hypocholesterolemic and antiatherogenic effects of rice α-globulin remain unclear. We investigated the hypocholesterolemic effect of rice α-globulin in rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. The rats were divided into 4 groups and were orally administrated the following three proteins or a vehicle for 4 weeks: rice protein, rice α-globulin, or soy β-conglycinin at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight or carboxymethylcellulose to the control rats. In the rice α-globulin group, serum cholesterol concentrations were 28% lower than the control group and fecal neutral steroid excretion was increased by 30%. The hypocholesterolemic effect of rice α-globulin was equal to soy β-conglycinin in SD rats fed the hypercholesterolemic diet. However, the serum cholesterol concentrations in the rice protein group did not change compared to the control group. To investigate the antiatherogenic effects of rice α-globulin, male apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were orally administered the same dose of rice α-globulin for 9 weeks. The en face lesion area in the aorta was 46% lower than in the control group. In conclusion, administration of rice α-globulin improves hypercholesterolemia in rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet by increasing the fecal excretion of neutral sterols, and inhibits atherosclerosis development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. The anti-atherosclerotic effect exerts by mechanism(s) other than the regulation of serum MCP-1 and NO concentrations. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.056

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Effects of Kurozu concentrated liquid on adipocyte size in rats

DOI： 10.1186/1476-511X-9-134

その他リンク： http://www.lipidworld.com/content/9/1/134

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1038/ejcn.2009.143

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

While iron plays an important role in many cellular functions, excess iron storage induces DNA damage by generating hydroxyl radicals and thus promotes carcinogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether body iron levels that are commonly observed in a general population are related to oxidative DNA damage. We examined the association between serum ferritin concentrations and levels of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of systemic oxidative DNA damage and repair, in 528 Japanese men and women aged 21-67 years. Men had much higher ferritin levels than in women, and the levels were significantly greater in women aged 50 years or older than in women aged less than 50 years. Urinary 8-OHdG concentrations were significantly and positively associated with serum ferritin levels in all the subgroups. The Spearman rank correlation coefficients were 0.47, 0.76, and 0.73 for men overall, women aged less than 50 years, and women aged 50 years or older, respectively. These associations were materially unchanged after adjustment for potential confounding variables. In men, a more pronounced association was observed in nonsmokers than in smokers. Our results suggest body iron storage is a strong determinant of levels of systemic oxidative DNA damage in a healthy population. © 2009 Japanese Cancer Association.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01394.x

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/ptr.2425

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A Comparison of the Potential Unfavorable Effects of Oxycholesterol and Oxyphytosterol in Mice: Different Effects, on Cerebral 24S-Hydroxychoelsterol and Serum Triacylglycerols Levels

その他リンク： http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bbb/72/12/72_3128/_article

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Mechanism for the Cholesterol-Lowering Action of Egg White Protein in Rats

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Liver and intestine are major sites of apo A-I synthesis in mammals. ABCAI is reported to be involved in the secretion of nascent HDL from cultured intestinal cells. However, whether ABCA1 participates in the secretion of nascent HDL from the intestine has not been assessed directly in vivo. This study examined the effect of a synthetic LXR-agonist "TO" on the lymphatic transport of HDL in thoracic duct-cannulated rats. The feeding of a TO-containing diet resulted in an increased transport of cholesterol and apo A-I in the lymph d > 1.063 g/ml lipoprotein fraction than did the feeding of a control diet without TO. The transport of cholesterol in whole lymph was lower, whereas the transport of apo A-I was higher, in the TO group. The abundance of mRNAs for ABCAI and apo A-I in the intestine was increased in the TO group. Furthermore, although the TO-containing diet reportedly increased the serum HDL concentration in intact mice and rats, no such effect was observed in the cannulated rats. The LXR agonist stimulated in vivo the synthesis of nascent HDL by increasing reciprocally the mRNA for ABCAI and apo A-I in the intestine, thereby contributing to an increase in the circulating HDL. © 2007 AOCS.

DOI： 10.1007/s11745-007-3131-8

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The consumption of isoflavone-containing foods such as soybean and soybean products has been reported to have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system in postmenopausal women. The present study was carried out to examine the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of isoflavones in apolipoprotein (apo) E-deficient mice subjected to ovarian resection. Compared with sham-operated mice, ovariectomized mice had a larger arterial lesion area in the aortic root. Feeding the ovariectomized mice an isoflavone-containing diet (0.055 mg/kJ of total isoflavones/cal of diet) reduced the size of these lesions more than did feeding them with an isoflavone-free diet. Neither ovariectomy nor diet had a significant effect on the concentration of cholesterol in serum and urinary levels of isoprostanes, which are biomarkers for oxidative stress in vivo. The ovariectomized mice showed a greater increase in mRNA abundance for monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-I in the aorta and in the level of nitric oxide (NO) secreted by peritoneal macrophages in culture than did the sham-operated mice. The isoflavone-containing diet lowered the MCP-I expression and the NO secretion more than did the isoflavone-free diet. These results suggest that dietary isoflavones confer an antiatherogenic effect by preventing the activation of macrophages due to the removal of ovaries. © 2007 American Chemical Society.

DOI： 10.1021/jf071771q

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Leanness has been shown to be related to an increased risk of some cancer forms, including lung cancer. However, biological evidence supporting a causal link between leanness and carcinogenesis is limited. The authors investigated longitudinally the association between body mass index (BMI) and levels of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative DNA damage, using data from 174 healthy employees who participated in a lifestyle intervention study. 8-OHdG levels were measured using automated high-performance liquid chromatography and adjusted for urinary creatinine levels. Analysis of repeated measurements using a random effects model detected a statistically significant inverse association between BMI and 8-OHdG levels (P = 0.003); one unit decrease in BMI was associated with a 2.7% (95% confidence interval 0.9-4.4) increase in 8-OHdG levels. The association was pronounced among men consuming less than 20 cigarettes per day (8.8% increase per unit decrease in BMI) and among non-smoking men (3.7% increase). The results based on a longitudinal observation suggest that weight loss is associated with increased oxidative DNA damage, a state presumably related to an increased risk of cancer. © 2007 Japanese Cancer Association.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00511.x

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Effect of Dietary Protein on Fatty Acid Desaturase Expression and Action in Rat Liver

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

In the course of a search for natural estrogen-like materials from mushrooms, the proliferating effects of the methanol extracts of 14 edible mushrooms on the estrogen-dependent growth of MCF-7 cells were examined. Of the extracts, that from the fruiting body of Pleurotus eryngii showed the strongest estrogen-like activity, specifically on the proliferating effects of MCF-7 cells. This proliferation effect of the extract from the fruiting body of P. eryngii is related to its estrogenic activity, because this proliferation activity was inhibited by the addition of the antiestrogenic compound ICI 182 780. The ethanol extract of the fruiting body of P. eryngii prevented ovariectomy-induced bone loss. The present data provide evidence that the ethanol extract of P. eryngii helps to protect against the bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency, without having a substantial effect on the uterus. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

DOI： 10.1002/ptr.1927

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Change in Activity of Soybean Lipoxidases

その他リンク： http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/qikan/periodical.Articles/zglyxb/zgly2006/0603/060329.htm

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（その他学術会議資料等）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1079/BJN20051409

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

日本人におけるコレステロール酸化物と植物ステロール酸化物の摂取量

DOI： 10.4327/jsnfs.58.145

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

In order to test the estrogenic activity of sterol oxidation products from cholesterol and phytosterols, an estrogen-dependent gene expression assay was performed in estrogen receptor α-stably transformed HeLa cells. The ranking of the estrogenic potency of these compounds was different: 17β-estradiol ≫ genistein ≫ β-epoxycholesterol = daidzein = cholestanetriol = 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol = 20(S)-hydroxycholesterol = sitostanetriol > campestanetriol = β-epoxysitosterol = 7β-hydroxycholesterol. These compounds were not estrogenic in estrogen receptor-negative HeLa cells.

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.68.1790

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Phytosterol oxidation products (oxyphytosterols) are formed during the processing and storage of foods. However, it is unknown whether oxyphytosterols affect human health. To address these issues, we prepared β-sitosterol and campesterol oxides, evaluated their lymphatic absorption in rats, and examined the effect of an oxyphytosterol diet on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein (apo) E-deficient mice. The lymphatic absorption of cholesterol and 6 oxyphytosterols (7α-hydroxy, 7β-hydroxy, β-epoxy, α-epoxy, dihydroxy, and 7-keto) of β-sitosterol or campesterol was assessed in thoracic duct-cannulated rats fed an AIN-93G-based diet containing 2.5 g of cholesterol, oxyphytosterols, or intact phytosterols per kg. Lymphatic recoveries (on a mass basis) of oxycampesterols (15.9 ± 2.8%, n = 10) and oxysitosterols (9.12 ± 1.77%, n = 10) were higher than for campesterol (5.47 ± 1.02%, n = 12, P < 0.05) and β-sitosterol (2.16 ± 0.37%, n = 12, P < 0.05), but lower than for cholesterol (37.3 ± 8.3%, n = 6, P < 0.05). Apo E-deficient mice were fed an AIN-93G-based diet containing 0.2 g oxyphytosterols or intact phytosterols per kg for 9 wk. Diet-derived oxyphytosterols accumulated in the serum, liver, and aorta. Furthermore, the oxyphytosterol diet increased oxycholesterol in the serum compared to the phytosterol diet. However, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the serum and aortic cholesterol concentration, the lesion area in the aortic root, or 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α concentration in the urine. These results indicate that exogenous oxyphytosterols are well-absorbed and accumulate in the body, but do not promote the development of atherosclerosis in apo E-deficient mice.

DOI： 10.1093/jn/134.7.1690

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Our objective was to determine whether dietary plant proteins such as soya-protein isolate (SPI) and rice-protein isolate (RPI) compared with animal proteins, such as casein, could afford beneficial effects on atherosclerosis development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. In experiment 1, male and female mice were fed on a purified diet containing either casein, SPI or RPI for 9 weeks. The en face lesion area in the aorta (P<0.05) and the lesion size in the aortic root (P<0.05) in mice fed the casein-based diet were greater than those in the SPI or RPI groups. The plant protein groups had an increased concentration of serum L-arginine (P<0.05) and NO metabolites (NO2 plus NO3) (P<0.05) than did the casein group. The inhibitory effect of the plant proteins on the lesion formations was unrelated to gender and total serum cholesterol. In experiment 2, the L-arginine and L-methionine contents were the same in the L-arginine-supplemented casein-based and SPI-based diets, and between the L-methionine-supplemented SPI-based and the casein-based diets. Male mice were fed on the diets for 15 weeks. There were no significant differences in the en face lesion area and the lesion size between the casein group and the L-arginine-supplemented group, although the serum L-arginine (P<0.05) and NO2 plus NO3 (P<0-05) concentrations in the supplemented group were higher than those in the casein group. There were no significant effects of L-methionine supplementation on the lesion formations. In experiment 3, male mice were given the casein-based diet or the L-arginine-supplemented casein-based diet together with water or water containing an NO synthesis inhibitor for 9 weeks. When given the casein-based diet, the inhibitor drinking, compared with water drinking, resulted in a reduction of the serum NO2 plus NO3 concentration (P<0.01) and an increase in the en face lesion area (P<0.05) and the lesion size (P<0.01). When given the L-arginine-supplemented diet, the inhibitor drinking, compared with water drinking, resulted in no increase in the lesion area and size. These results demonstrate anti-atherogenic potentials of SPI- as well as RPI-derived proteins, but their L-arginine and L-methionine contents were not sufficient enough to explain the underlying mechanism(s).

DOI： 10.1079/BJN2003878

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background: Elevated plant sterol accumulation has been reported in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) and the Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat. Additionally, a blood pressure quantitative trait locus (QTL) has been mapped to rat chromosome 6 in a New Zealand genetically hypertensive rat strain (GH rat). ABCG5 and ABCG8 (encoding sterolin-1 and sterolin-2 respectively) have been shown to be responsible for causing sitosterolemia in humans. These genes are organized in a head-to-head configuration at the STSL locus on human chromosome 2p21. Methods: To investigate whether mutations in Abcg5 or Abcg8 exist in SHR, SHRSP, WKY and GH rats, we initiated a systematic search for the genetic variation in coding and non-coding region of Abcg5 and Abcg8 genes in these strains. We isolated the rat cDNAs for these genes and characterized the genomic structure and tissue expression patterns, using standard molecular biology techniques and FISH for chromosomal assignments. Results: Both rat Abcg5 and Abcg8 genes map to chromosome band 6q12. These genes span ∼40 kb and contain 13 exons and 12 introns each, in a pattern identical to that of the STSL loci in mouse and man. Both Abcg5 and Abcg8 were expressed only in liver and intestine. Analyses of DNA from SHR, SHRSP, GH, WKY, Wistar, Wistar King A (WKA) and Brown Norway (BN) rat strains revealed a homozygous G to T substitution at nucleotide 1754, resulting in the coding change Gly583Cys in sterolin-1 only in rats that are both sitosterolemic and hypertensive (SHR, SHRSP and WKY). Conclusions: The rat STSL locus maps to chromosome 6q12. A non-synonymous mutation in Abcg5, Gly583Cys, results in sitosterolemia in rat strains that are also hypertensive (WKY, SHR and SHRSP). Those rat strains that are hypertensive, but not sitosterolemic (e.g. GH rat) do not have mutations in Abcg5 or Abcg8. This mutation allows for expression and apparent apical targeting of Abcg5 protein in the intestine. These rat strains may therefore allow us to study the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the human disease of sitosterolemia. © 2003 Yu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

DOI： 10.1186/1471-2261-3-4

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Anti-rat Δ6-desaturase serum was produced by immunizing rabbits with the 14 N-terminal amino acids (2-15) of rat Δ6-desaturase. The antiserum prevented the enzymatic activity of Δ6-desaturase in microsomes. Subsequently, the antiserum was used to demonstrate that gemfibrozil, a ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, is involved in activating Δ6-desaturase gene expression, thereby elevating the protein level and the activity. © 1999 by Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry.

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.67.1177

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Mechanisms of acceleration of cholesterol absorption by cholesterol esterase were investigated in various experimental conditions. Lymphatic recovery of cholesterol intubated as a micellar solution containing phosphatidylcholine (PC) into the duodenum was enhanced by the co-administration of cholesterol esterase in rats drained of bile and pancreatic juice. However, no accelerated incorporation was observed when cholesterol was solubilized in PC-depleted micelles. Cholesterol esterase dose-dependently accelerated the incorporation of cholesterol into differentiated Caco-2 cells, only when cholesterol was solubilized in PC-containing micelles. The accelerated incorporation of cholesterol into Caco-2 cells by cholesterol esterase disappeared when the enzyme was preincubated with a suicide inhibitor of cholesterol esterase. Cholesterol esterase has an activity as phospholipase A2. When 10% of PC in bile salt micelles was replaced by lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), the incorporation of cholesterol into Caco-2 cells was significantly accelerated. Cholesterol esterase enhanced the incorporation of micellar cholesterol into brush border membranes prepared from the rat jejunum. The addition of cholesterol esterase to bile salt micelles accelerated the release of micellar cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner, only when the micelles contained PC. These observations strongly suggest that cholesterol esterase hydrolyzes PC in bile salt micelles and thereby, accelerating the release of cholesterol from bile salt micelles. This may be a major cause of the acceleration of cholesterol absorption by cholesterol esterase. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0304-4165(02)00204-0

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601400

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Wheat CM2, CM3 and CM16 proteins are known as subunits of the tetrameric α-amylase inhibitor as well as major allergens to baker's asthma. The purpose of this study is to produce these CM proteins by bacteria in a quantity adequate for studying the penetration characteristics of the CM proteins through intestinal mucosa in rats and Caco-2 cells. cDNAs encoding the mature proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by an Ni2 + -chelating column. The recombinant proteins were radioiodinated and admministered orally to rats or applied to the apical site of the Caco-2 cell monolayer. The radioactivity in the trichloroacetic acid-insoluble fraction, which was mainly composed of peptides with molecular mass less than that of the intact CM proteins, in the serum and the basolateral medium was highest in recombinant CM3. Accordingly, the intestinal absorption of these three proteins in the form present in wheat should be evaluated.

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.65.2448

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

It is known that protein kinase C (PKC) activity may be one of the fundamental cellular changes associated with memory function. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) deficiency causes cholinergic deficits and memory impairment. ApoE-deficient mouse has been employed as a serviceable model for studying the relation between apoE and the memory deficit induced by cholinergic impairment. Brain-fatty acid binding protein (b-FABP) might be functional during development of the nervous system. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) is involved in the early change in lipid metabolism. We investigated the alterations not only in cerebral PKC activity, but also in the gene expressions of PKC-β, brain-FABP and PPAR-α in apoE-deficient mice. The results showed that there was a lower cerebral membrane-bound PKC activity in the apoE-deficient mice than in its wild type strain (C57BL/6). But there were no significant differences in cytosolic PKC activity. PKC-β, b-FABP and PPAR-α mRNA expressions in cerebrum were lowered in apoE-deficient mice. These findings may be involved in the dysfunction of the brain neurotransmission system in apoE-deficient mouse. Alternatively, these results also suggest that cerebral apoE plays an important role in brain PKC activation by maintaining an appropriate expression of b-FABP and PPAR-α mRNAs. © 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0024-3205(01)01221-8

記述言語：その他  

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.65.371

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1079/BJN2001391

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether wheat α- amylase inhibitor subunits bind IgE sera from Japanese with atopic dermatitis (AD) related to wheat. IgE in sera from eight out of the 11 patients with RAST value of 3 or 4 against wheat-bound salt-soluble proteins of wheat and the α-amylase inhibitor proteins separated by gel filtration chromatography. The subunits of tetrameric α-amylase inhibitor, CM2, CM3 and CM16 (molecular weight approximately 14 kd), known to be major allergens for baker's asthma, were purified. Then the binding activity to IgE sera from the AD patients was examined by immunoblotting. The IgE sera bound only to CM3, not to CM2 and CM16. These results suggest that CM3 may be involved in both atopic dermatitis and baker's asthma. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

DOI： 10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00143-X

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.64.1058

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A study was carried out to examine if the positional distribution of medium chain fatty acids (MCF) in triacylglycerol influences dietary fat absorption in rats. Two types of structure-specific fats, one predominantly composed of MCF in sn-1(3) and linoleic acid in sn-2 [sn-1(3)MCF-structured] and the others of MCF in sn-2 and linoleic acid in sn-1(3) [sn-2MCF-structured], were initially prepared, and the two structure-specific fats were interesterified and designated as sn-1(3)MCF-interesterified and sn-2MCF-interesterified. Synthetic fat was mixed with an equal amount of cocoa butter (103 g/kg of diet) and was supplemented to the AIN93G-based diet. Rats were fed on the diets for 4 wk. Long-chain saturated fatty acids were the predominant fatty acids excreted into the feces, and the positional distribution of MCF resulted in an altered fat absorption rate (%) of 81.8, 82.5, 84.2 and 86.3 for the rats fed on the diets containing sn-2MCF-structured, sn-1(3)MCF-interesterified, sn-2MCF-interesterified and sn-1(3)MCF-structured fats, respectively. The proportion of MCF in the serum, liver and adipose tissue triacylglycerols was not affected by the MCF distribution of the dietary fats. These results indicate that the distribution of MCF in dietary triacylglycerol is a determinant of intestinal fat absorption. © 2000 by Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry.

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.64.793

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.64.1111

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1016/S0955-2863(99)00088-1

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.63.309

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1007/s11745-999-0417-1

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.63.111

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1016/S0305-0491(98)10049-4

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Exogenously hypercholesterolemic (ExHC) rats promptly increase serum cholesterol concentration in response to dietary cholesterol. To examine underlying mechanism(s) for this susceptibility, responses of mRNAs for cholesterol metabolism-related proteins and their activities in the liver to dietary cholesterol were compared between ExHC rats and their progenitor Sprague Dawley rats. ExHC rats slightly decreased the abundance of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor mRNA in response to dietary cholesterol, although the amount of LDL receptor was not influenced. The abundance of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase mRNA and the enzyme activity in response to dietary cholesterol were greater in ExHC rats, but the fecal excretion of bile acid was comparable between the strain. Dietary cholesterol-dependent elevation of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase activity was greater in ExHC rats. The concentration of liver triacylglycerols was markedly lower in ExHC rats. These results suggest that ExHC rats may increase serum cholesterol by increasing hepatic secretion of cholesteryl ester-rich particles. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc.

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1016/S0955-2863(96)00059-9

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The amount of intestinal apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV mRNA was examined in rat pups during fasting and refeeding. When 14-day old pups were fasted for 15 h, apo A-IV mRNA levels in the whole intestine decreased to 20% of the prefasting level. Refeeding casein and lactose, and the artificial milk composed of Intralipid, casein and lactose, caused an elevation of the apo A-IV mRNA after 3 h, without accompanying an elevation of serum triacylglycerols and apo A-IV (fat-independent elevation of apo A-IV mRNA). Refeeding Intralipid alone simultaneously elevated the apo A-IV mRNA, and serum triacylglycerols and apo A-IV after 3 h (fat-dependent elevation of apo A-IV mRNA). Administration of physiological saline during fasting partly suppressed the reduction of the apo A-IV mRNA (40% of the prefasting level), and the dietary fat-independent elevation of the message disappeared. Refeeding dam's milk to the pups, fasted without water administration, increased the apo A-IV mRNA after 3 and 15 h, although the elevation of serum triacylglycerols and apo A-IV occurred only after 15 h. Refeeding the milk increased the apo A-IV mRNA after 3 h and 15 h. Refeeding dam's milk to the pups fasted with saline administration accelerated the fat-dependent elevation of the apo A-IV mRNA. Simultaneously refeeding Intralipid and Pluronic L-81, an inhibitor of lymphatic fat transport, delayed the elevation of the apo A-IV mRNA and serum triacylglycerols and apo A-IV. Transcription rates of the apo A-IV mRNA, determined by nuclear run/on assay, were similar before and after fasting and refeeding Intralipid. During fasting, administration of puromycin, as compared with actinomycin D, enhanced the disappearance rate of the apo A-IV message. Intestinal mRNA for apo B, but not for apo A-I and β-actin, similarly changed to the apo A-IV message. Thus, it can be concluded that: (1) dietary fat-dependent and -independent factors are involved in the elevation of the intestinal apo A-IV message; (2) the elevation of the message is not mediated by lipid uptake in the enterocytes but rather stimulated by the events leading to secretion of chylomicrons; and, (3) dietary fat-dependent elevation of the message appears to be due to the stabilization of the message. © 1992.

DOI： 10.1016/0005-2760(92)90080-F

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/S0271-5317(05)80024-7

記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Exogenous hypercholesterolemic (ExHC) rats, that develop hypercholesterolemia for exogenous cholesterol, are an established strain Isolated from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by Imai and Matsumura ((1973) Atherosclerosis, 18, 59-64). The present study was carried out to clarify the cause of hyperresponsivity in ExHC rats to dietary cholesterol. As early as one day after feeding a high cholesterol diet (1%) serum cholesterol level was doubled in ExHC rats, while the level of hepatic cholesterol was two-thirds of SD rats. The elevation of serum cholesterol was mainly attributed to the d < 1.006 g/ml fractions. Cholesterol feeding increased fecal bile acid excretion in both strains, but to a more greater extent in SD rats. Absorption of dietary cholesterol and synthesis of cholesterol in vivo were similar between the strains. The uptake of β-very-low-density-lipoproteins (β-VLDL) in vivo and the primary cultured hepatocytes was lower in ExHC rats, when a high-cholesterol diet was fed. Even without feeding of a high-cholesterol diet, preincubation with cholesterol-rich lipoproteins caused a lower association and degradation of β-VLDL by the hepatocytes from ExHC rats. Incubation of hepatocytes with cholesterol-rich lipoproteins did not affect the secretion of [14C]cholesterol into the density less than 1.006 g/ml fraction, but suppressed the secretion into the medium density greater than 1.006 g/ml fractions. These results suggest that ExHC rats, as compared to SD rats, are defective of hepatic uptake and processing cholesterol to bile acids. © 1992.

DOI： 10.1016/0005-2760(92)90176-V

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：日本語  

担当ページ：第６章 脂質類 総論 p419-421   記述言語：日本語   著書種別：学術書

担当ページ：第5章生物統計学　p85-116   記述言語：日本語   著書種別：学術書

担当ページ：脂質の吸収メカニズム　p14-21   記述言語：日本語   著書種別：学術書

担当ページ：p123-144   記述言語：日本語  

担当ページ：p45-53   記述言語：日本語  

担当ページ：p196-199   記述言語：英語  

開催年月日： 2020年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：オンライン（崇城大学）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年12月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Kobe Convention Center   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年12月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Kobe Convention Center   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：岩手大学農学部（盛岡市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：岩手大学農学部（盛岡市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：愛媛大学農学部｛松山市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年9月 - 2019年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

開催地：和洋女子大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：島根大学農学部   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：岐阜大学農学部（岐阜市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：岩手大学農学部（盛岡市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：愛媛大学農学部｛松山市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場(北九州市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：京都女子大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：京都女子大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年2月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：中村学園大学2604中講義室   国名：日本国  

ほぼ全ての病態で、脂質代謝は変化する。その表現系としての物質変化は脂肪酸とステロイドの量の変化である。この量的変化は、疾病の発症予測的である可能性がある。おもに、血液中のステロイドの濃度と脂肪酸組成とそれぞれの病態について、測定方法および標的分子について解説する。

開催年月日： 2016年12月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：島根大学農学部   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

開催地：静岡大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：愛媛大学農学部   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年8月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東北大学片平キャンパスさくらホール   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：武庫川女子大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：武庫川女子大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年12月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：神戸ポートアイランド   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：明治大学駿河台キャンパス   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：ネストホテル那覇・沖縄県市町村自治会館   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：ネストホテル那覇・沖縄県市町村自治会館   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：ネストホテル那覇・沖縄県市町村自治会館   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東北大学農学部   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：愛媛大学農学部   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：奈良春日野国際フォーラム   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：愛媛大学農学部   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年8月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：ホテルグランデはがくれ（佐賀）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年8月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：とかちプラザ（帯広）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年5月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：Yokohama   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年5月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Yokohama   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年5月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Yokohama   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年1月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：愛知県産業労働センター（ウインクあいち）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年12月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：九州大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年12月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：九州大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：熊本県立大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：熊本県立大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：熊本県立大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：佐賀大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：佐賀大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年9月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Royton Sapporo   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年9月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Nagoya Univ.   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年5月 - 2014年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：酪農学園大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年5月 - 2014年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：酪農学園大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年5月 - 2014年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：酪農学園大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：明治大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年1月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：日立システムズホール仙台（仙台市青年文化センター）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：JR博多シティ・九州大学農学部（福岡市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：JR博多シティ・九州大学農学部（福岡市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東京国際フォーラム（東京都千代田区）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年9月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Granada   国名：スペイン  

開催年月日： 2013年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東北大学（仙台市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東北大学（仙台市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：萬翠荘（愛媛県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：京王プラザホテル（東京）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東京   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：名古屋大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：名古屋大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東北大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2013年3月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：パシフィコ横浜 （横浜市）   国名：日本国  

Background: Growing evidence suggest that epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) may contribute to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Proinflammatory cytokines/adipocytokines are expressed and secreted at a higher level in EAT of individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) (Hirata et al, JACC 2011). Oxidized cholesterol and fatty acids in food serve as strong atherogenic components, but their distribution in EAT remain unclarified. Objective: We determined effects of ezetimibe on oxidized cholesterol and fatty-acid components in EAT and myocardium using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.Methods: Male guinea mini pigs were divided into 3 groups of control (80 kcal/kg/day), 1.5% cholesterol-containing high-fat diet (120 kcal/kg/day) (HFD), and HFD+ ezetimibe (0.3mg/kg/day) (Ezetimibe). Fourteen oxidized cholesterol and twenty fatty-acid components were measured by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Results: 1. Plasma levels of &Alpha;- and &Beta;-epoxy-cholesterol were increased and 7-ketocholesterol was decreased in HFD group;&Alpha;- and &Beta;-epoxy-cholesterol in EAT were decreased in HFD group;&Alpha;-epoxy-cholesterol in plasma and epicardial fat were decreased in Ezetimibe group as compared to HFD group, 2. Levels of arachidonic acids were increased comparably in HFD and Ezetimibe groups, 3. EAT volume and echocardiographic indices were comparable among three groups. Conclusion: Components of atherogenic oxidized cholesterol and fatty acids are altered in plasma and perivascular fat and ezetimibe ma y be beneficial in regulating these components.

開催年月日： 2013年1月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：大阪大学コンベンションセンター   国名：日本国  

【目的】ビタミンB6は、ホモシステインやトリプトファンの代謝に関与していることから、うつに対する予防的役割が期待されている。しかしながら、ビタミンB6摂取とうつとの関連について一致した結果は得られておらず、また、血中ビタミンB6濃度との関連を検討した研究はほとんどない。本研究では、血清ピリドキサール濃度と抑うつ症状との断面および縦断的関連を明らかにする。 【方法】2006年の調査に参加した北部九州の２地域の公務員547名（21～67歳）のうち、抑うつ症状の評価を含む健康調査票に回答し、血清中ピリドキサール濃度を測定した422名を対象に断面的関連について分析した。さらに、2006年（ベースライン）の調査参加者のうち、ベースライン時に抑うつの評価に用いたCenter for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D)スケールが16点未満であり、かつ2009年の追跡調査に参加し、データ欠損のない210名について、ベースライン時のピリドキサールとその３年後の抑うつ症状との関連を分析した。 【結果】解析対象者のうち抑うつ症状のある者（CES-D 19点以上：日本人基準）は26％であった。血中ピリドキサール濃度が高い群で抑うつ症状のオッズ比は有意に低く、多変量調整オッズ比（95％信頼区間）は血中ビリドキサール濃度の最小三分位群から順に、1.00、0.54 (0.31-0.94)、0.54 (0.30-0.96)であった。さらに、ベースライン時の血中ピリドキサール濃度が高いほど３年後の抑うつ症状のオッズ比が低下する傾向がみられ、血中ピリドキサール濃度が最も低い群に対する最も高い群のオッズ比は0.55 (95％信頼区間0.13-2.32)であった。 【考察】日本人勤労者において、血中ピリドキサール高濃度は抑うつ症状低下と関連していた。これまで断面研究により血中ビタミンB6（pyridoxal 5’-phosphate）と抑うつ症状との負の関連が報告されており(Hvas et al., Psychother Psychosom 2004; Merete et al., J Am Coll Nutr 2008)、本研究により、さらにビタミンB6が将来の抑うつ症状に抑制的に働くことが示唆された。

開催年月日： 2013年1月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：大阪大学コンベンションセンター   国名：日本国  

【背景】　肥満は糖尿病、高血圧、心疾患、がんの重要な危険因子であり、生活習慣病対策における重要な課題である。肥満は脂肪細胞由来のアディポカインの産生・分泌を介して生活習慣病リスクを高めると考えられている。しかしながら、成人期における体重増加が現在の肥満度とは独立してアディポカイン、あるいは炎症やインスリン抵抗性に関連しているかは明らかではない。 【目的】　職域集団を対象に20歳からの体重増加とアディポカイン、CRP、HOMA-IRとの関連を検討する。 【方法】　解析対象は、北部九州の2地域の公務員567名（20～68歳）のうち、血清中アディポカインの測定値および20歳の体重データ（自己申告）がある427名（男性253名、女性174名）である。アディポネクチン、レプチン、レジスチン、PAI-1、ビスファチン、C-reactive protein (CRP)を測定し、さらにインスリン抵抗性指数 (HOMA-IR)を算出した。20歳から調査時までの体重増加カテゴリー (<5 kg, 5-9.9 kg, ≥10 kg) ごとに各測定値の幾何平均と95%信頼区間を算出し、あわせて傾向性を検定した。交絡要因として、性、年齢、職場、身体活動、喫煙状況、飲酒状況、糖尿病の家族歴、BMIを調整した。 【結果】　20歳からの体重増加が大きい群ほどレプチン濃度が高いという統計学的に有意な関連を認めた。アディポネクチンについても、解析対象者を40歳以上に限定した場合には有意な負の関連を認めた。CRP、HOMA-IRについては、体重が10キロ以上増加した群は5キロ未満の群に比べ有意に高い値を示したが、調査時のBMIを調整すると関連がなくなった。一方、レジスチン、PAI-1、ビスファチンと体重増加との関連は認めなかった。 【考察・結論】　成人期における体重増加は現在の肥満度とは独立してレプチン濃度に関連していた。また、20歳から中年期までの長期間の体重増加はアディポネクチン値に関連していることが示唆された。若年成人期における大幅な体重増加にともなう各種疾患のリスク増大には、レプチンの上昇とアディポネクチンの低下が関与しているのかもしれない。

開催年月日： 2012年9月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：鹿児島大学農学部（鹿児島市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年9月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：鹿児島大学農学部（鹿児島市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年9月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：鹿児島大学農学部（鹿児島市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年9月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：鹿児島大学農学部（鹿児島市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年9月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：ホテル日航金沢, ANAクラウンプラザホテル金沢, 石川県立音楽堂, ポルテ金沢   国名：日本国  

【目的】血管および心臓周囲脂肪組織が心血管系に影響する可能性が指摘されている。我々は、血管外膜周囲脂肪組織の炎症がアディポネクチンの発現を抑制し血管リモデリングに関わること(Takaoka, Circ Res 2009)、血管内傷害で血管外膜周囲脂肪が炎症性アディポサイトカイン発現型へシフトし、新生内膜過形成を起こすことを報告した(Takaoka, ATVB 2010)。Payenらは、高脂肪食負荷ミニブタの外膜周囲脂肪で、レプチンシグナル異常と冠動脈内皮機能障害がみられたと報告した(ATVB 2010)。本研究では、高脂肪食および小腸コレステロールトランスポーターNPC1L1 阻害薬 エゼチミブの心臓周囲脂肪および心筋組織の酸化コレステロールおよび脂肪酸組成に及ぼす影響を検討した。【方法】ミニブタを通常食群(C 群), 1.5％コレステロール添加高脂肪食群 (H群), H群と同じ餌にezetimibeを添加したEzetimibe 投与群 (E 群)に分け、血清、左心室、心外膜脂肪の酸化コレステロール14分画, 脂肪酸20分画をガスクロマトグラフ質量分析（GC/MS）で測定した。【結果】１. H群では、血清でα-およびβ-epoxycholesterolが増加、7-ketocholesterolが減少していた。H群で心外膜脂肪のα-およびβ-epoxycholesterol が減少していた。E群ではH群と比較して、血清および心外膜脂肪組織のα-epoxycholesterol が減少していた。２. H群では、血清および左心室でアラキドン酸が増加したがE群で変化しなかった。3. H群とE群で心臓周囲脂肪量（CT測定）に差はなかった。【総括】高脂肪食負荷ブタでは、血清の酸化コレステロールα-およびβ-epoxycholesterolが増加し、エゼチミブ投与でα-epoxycholesterolが減少した。エゼチミブは、血中および心臓周囲脂肪の酸化コレステロール動態に影響する可能性がある。

開催年月日： 2012年7月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：エクシブ白浜（和歌山県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年7月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：エクシブ白浜（和歌山県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年6月

開催地：北九州国際会議場（福岡県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年6月

開催地：北九州国際会議場（福岡県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年6月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：九州大学医学部百年講堂   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年6月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：九州大学医学部百年講堂   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2012年5月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東北大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年12月

会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：梅田スカイビル（大阪）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年9月

開催地：佐賀大学農学部（佐賀市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年9月

開催地：佐賀大学農学部（佐賀市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年7月

開催地：十勝川温泉第一ホテル   国名：日本国  

Dietary guar gum reduces lymph flow and diminishes lipid transport in thoracic duct-cannulated rats.

開催年月日： 2011年7月

会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：帯広畜産大学総合研究棟3号館１００番教室   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場（福岡県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場（福岡県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場（福岡県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場（福岡県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場（福岡県）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年5月

会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：日亜メディカルホール（徳島大学病院 西病棟11階）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年5月

開催地：お茶の水女子大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年5月

会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：お茶の水女子大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年3月

開催地：京都女子大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2011年3月

開催地：京都女子大学   国名：日本国  

Effects of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 on glucose metabolism in diabetic rats

開催年月日： 2011年2月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：ソラリア西鉄ホテル 8階花の間（福岡県福岡市中央区天神）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年12月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：休暇村近江八幡（滋賀県近江八幡市沖島町宮ヶ浜）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年11月 - 2010年12月

開催地：Kyoto University Clock Tower Centennial Hall   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年9月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：宮崎観光ホテル   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年9月

会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：明治大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年8月

会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：佐賀大学農学部大講義室（佐賀市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年7月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：三会堂ビル２階A会議室（東京都港区赤坂）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年7月

開催地：北九州国際会議場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年6月

開催地：九州大学農学部   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年5月

開催地：アスティとくしま   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2010年4月

開催地：San Francisco, California   国名：アメリカ合衆国  

開催年月日： 2009年3月

会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：福岡   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2008年10月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：和歌山   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2008年7月

会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：つくば市   国名：日本国  

Positional identification of a gene that regulates serum HDL cholesterol and apolipoprrotein A-I in rats and mice

開催年月日： 2008年7月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：つくば市   国名：日本国  

会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：京都国際会議場   国名：日本国  

Atherosclerosis protected by foods -beyond cholesterol-According to a meta-analysis of the reports in Apo E -/- mice-

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：群馬、伊香保   国名：日本国  

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：京都   国名：日本国  

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：京都   国名：日本国  

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：京都   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：長崎大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：大分大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場・AIMビル3階展示場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：中村学園大学（福岡市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：中村学園大学（福岡市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：中村学園大学（福岡市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：中村学園大学（福岡市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年11月 - 2023年12月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：千葉大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：愛媛大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：九州大学西新プラザ   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：名古屋国際会議場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年8月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：とかちプラザ   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：札幌コンベンションセンター   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2022年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：鹿児島大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2022年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：名古屋外国語大学 名駅キャンパス   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2022年8月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：オンライン（九州大学）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年8月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡（On line)   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東京（On line)   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東京（On line)   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：仙台   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：仙台   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：仙台   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：佐賀大学(佐賀市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：愛媛大学農学部｛松山市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場(北九州市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場(北九州市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場(北九州市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：静岡県立大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：静岡県立大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：静岡県立大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2019年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北海道大学大学院農学研究院本館 N11教室   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年11月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：京都国際会議場   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：九州大学西新プラザ   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：九州大学西新プラザ   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：九州大学西新プラザ   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：宮崎大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：神戸学院大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：岡山県立大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：岡山県立大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：岡山県立大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2018年3月 - 2019年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：名城大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年11月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Centennial Hall Kyushu University (Fukuoka)   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年11月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Centennial Hall Kyushu University (Fukuoka)   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年11月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Centennial Hall Kyushu University (Fukuoka)   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年11月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Centennial Hall Kyushu University (Fukuoka)   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年11月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：Centennial Hall Kyushu University (Fukuoka)   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：長崎県総合福祉センター｛長崎市）　　長崎県立大学(長与町）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：長崎県総合福祉センター｛長崎市）　　長崎県立大学(長与町）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場(北九州市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場(北九州市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場(北九州市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：東京大学農学部キャンパス弥生講堂 (東京都文京区）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：日田市民文化会館   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：沖縄コンベンションセンター(名護市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：沖縄コンベンションセンター(名護市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：沖縄コンベンションセンター(名護市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2017年5月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：沖縄コンベンションセンター(名護市）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年10月

記述言語：英語  

開催地：The university of Tokyo   国名：日本国  

Objectives: Rice bran oil is a byproduct of the milling of rice (Oryza sativa L.). It offers various health benefits and has a beneficial fatty acid composition. To increase the amount of rice bran as a sink for triacylglycerol (TAG), we developed and characterized new breeding materials with giant embryos originated from a high-yielding cultivar ‘Mizuhochikara’. Strategy and Methods: The high-yielding cultivar ‘Mizuhochikara’ grown for rice bread and animal feed in southwestern Japan was used as the genetic background. To induce mutants, we treated fertilized egg cells of ‘Mizuhochikara’ with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). We dehulled M2 seeds from 5,645 M1 plants and screened them by eye for giant embryo mutants. Mutant lines were backcrossed to ‘Mizuhochikara’ to remove undesirable traits, and we selected the promising line. To evaluate whether the mutant line retained the superior agronomic traits of ‘Mizuhochikara’, we evaluated 11 agronomic traits of F3 generation: plant height, culm length, panicle length, number of panicles per plant, number of grains per panicle, fertility, panicle weight per plant, yield per plant, seed length, seed width and seed thickness. We also compared the TAG contents of rice bran in the mutant line with those of ‘Mizuhochikara’. To reveal the underlying genetic mechanisms, we performed allelic testing and sequence analysis. For allelic testing, the giant embryo mutant EM40, which carries giant embryo (ge), was used as a tester line. For sequence analysis, Os07g0603700, which was causal gene of ge on chromosome 7, was sequenced. Results: By screening M2 seeds, we isolated four giant embryo mutant lines: MGE8, MGE12, MGE13 and MGE14. After growing backcrossed progenies, we selected MGE13 as a promising line based on embryo size and similarity to ‘Mizuhochikara’. As a result of evaluation of agronomic traits, MGE13 was not significantly different except in having a longer culm than ‘Mizuhochikara’. The TAG contents of rice bran in 50 seeds of MGE13 increased by 142% compared to ‘Mizuhochikara’. Genetic analysis revealed that the causative locus in line MGE13 was allelic to ge, and had base changes in the causal gene Os07g0603700. Further selection of plants, the production of breeding seeds, yield tests and characterization of oil quality are required for the development of the new cultivar. Conclusions: We developed the new giant embryo mutant line MGE13. This line showed almost the same yield performances and increased the TAG contents by about 1.4 times, compared to ‘Mizuhochikara’. MGE13 would be useful for breeding of a high oil content cultivar.

開催年月日： 2016年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：とかちプラザ（帯広）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：ホルトホール大分・大分大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：札幌コンベンションセンター   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：札幌コンベンションセンター   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：岡山大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：岡山大学   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2015年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：早稲田大学　日本橋キャンパス　大ホール（コレド日本橋5階）   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：九州大学農学部福岡演習林 講義室   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2014年5月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：San Antonio, TX   国名：アメリカ合衆国  

開催年月日： 2013年10月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）