Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Most recent municipal organic waste-separation at source (MOW-SAS) programs that have been introduced in developing countries remain pilot programs, but have not fully developed into sustainable municipal solid-waste management strategies. The city of Hoi An, Vietnam, implemented a mandatory MOW-SAS program in 2012. Using Structural Equation Modeling, this study investigates the psychological driving forces behind households’ behaviors toward the MOW-SAS program. This study finds that moral norm (moral perception of what is good or bad), attitude toward sorted waste, and situational factors (issues concerning physically sorting garbage, such as time, space, and lack of family cooperation) can significantly affect household behaviors toward MOW-SAS. It confirms the need for supplying frequent environmental educational campaigns and highlighting the benefits of MOW-SAS programs. Moreover, the study finds that households’ system trust in local authority concerning the MOW-SAS program is an important driving force behind the behavior. Therefore, recommendation is also made on the need to develop strong leadership in local authorities through improving: (1) reliability (ability to effectively treat sorted waste), (2) legitimacy (punitive measures for non-participants), and (3) effectiveness (dissemination of information about the benefits of MOW-SAS programs) for promoting MOW-SAS.

DOI： 10.1007/s10163-017-0587-3

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Most recent municipal organic waste separation at source (MOW-SAS) programs introduced in developing countries remain pilot programs, and do not develop fully into sustainable municipal solid waste (MSW) management strategies. Hoi An city, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam, implemented a mandatory MOW-SAS program in 2012. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), this study investigates the psychological driving forces behind households’ behaviors toward the MOW-SAS program. This study find that attitude towards sorted waste, moral norm (moral perception about what is good or bad), and situational factors (the issues of physically sorting garbage such as time, space, and lack of cooperation from family members) can affect significantly the households’ behaviors toward MOW-SAS. Moreover, we find that the households’ system trust in the local authority towards the MOW-SAS program is a driving force behind the behavior. The lessons learnt from the local authority in Hoi An city that it concentrates on 1) supplying frequent environmental education and campaign to improve the residents’ knowledge and skills of MOW-SAS program, and 2) developing strong leadership of the local authority through enhancing: (i) reliability (ability to treat sorted waste), (ii) legitimacy (punishment methods for non-participants), and (iii) effectiveness (dissemination of information about the benefits of MOW-SAS program).

DOI： 10.1007/s10163-017-0587-3

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

High participation rates by the public in authority projects are key in increasing resident recycling levels. Understanding waste separation behavior is crucial to achieving sustainable waste management within such household-based schemes. To identify the driving forces behind the seldom-discussed kitchen garbage separation behavior, five psychological factors, namely, attitude, perceived behavior control, subjective norms, moral norms, and responsibility denial, are established. Our data originate from a social study of Beijing citizens conducted in July 2013 (n = 362). Through structural equation modeling, we find that moral norms are consistently the most important predictor of household kitchen waste (KW) separation behavior. Subjective norms have a larger effect on such behavior than responsibility denial. Data analysis shows that perceived behavior control contributes significantly and independently to the explanation of such behavior. By contrast, attitude towards KW separation is found to be significantly negatively correlated with separation behavior. In conclusion, the model with direct and indirect effects of psychological factors explains 50.3% of the variance in household KW source separation behavior. Implications of the results for the promotion of household KW separation programs are discussed.

DOI： 10.3390/su8101083

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study explored characteristics of households affected by deforestation in their fuelwood and non-timber forest product (NTFP) collections in Kampong Thom Province, Kingdom of Cambodia, where tropical lowland forests are decreasing in size owing mainly to agribusiness development and farming. Deforested areas were delineated by satellite image interpretation of forest cover change. A questionnaire survey was conducted for 161 households in six villages within three districts having varying degrees of forest cover changes per capita over a period of 5 years. Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze characteristics of households affected by deforestation in their fuelwood and NTFP collections. The characteristics vary with the collection activity examined, either fuelwood or NTFP collection. We revealed that deforestation notably affects villagers whose non-forest fuelwood sources are scarce. People who collected fuelwood in forests after deforestation are more likely to be affected if the remaining forest area per capita near their village is less. In contrast, for NTFP collection, the size of the deforested area per capita near villages is more important than that of the remaining forest area, particularly to those who depend on NTFP collection as one of their main livelihood activities before deforestation. In contrast with much of the literature that has stated that the poor depend more on NTFPs, our results show that the relationship between household wealth and NTFP dependence was more than a simple negative correlation; i.e., the local people's material wealth was not a strong determinant in our NTFP model. The importance of stakeholder analysis and consultation with local residents in impact assessments and natural resource management involving land-use changes has been progressively acknowledged in the academic literature. In this context, we argue that it is essential to identify potentially affected groups among local residents in terms of their fuelwood and NTFP collections in a short-term period widely distributed at the provincial level. The combination of our findings, method applied and existing demographic survey networks in Cambodia provides an approach of identifying the affected residents in a transparent manner.

DOI： 10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.12.006

Language：English  

Abstract
While the true value of environmental goods may be captured in a one-off payment, it may be easier to add a smaller amount to a private good by means of donation and collect the total environmental value over time. For that, however we need to ensure the smaller amount of a heritage conservation donation added to a private good is adequate so that we can find retailers to participate in such fund-raising activities. We test the contingent valuation method’s criterion validity by comparing their stated purchasing behavior with their actual behavior. The price increase from the addition of the donation did not affect total sales of the commodity. Adding a donation to specialized private goods may be an effective way to collect landscape and agricultural heritage conservation donations. Furthermore, our findings suggest that funds can be collected without affecting commodity sales. This approach is effective in other environmental protection activities.

要旨
環境や多面的機能といった価値は一回の支払金額で人々の支払意志額を推計することが可能とされている。その一方で、実際の支払は、私的財に募金といった形で上乗せした少額を継続的に集める方法が効果的といえる。この研究は、私的財に上乗せするための募金金額として人々の支払意志額を推計することで、集金可能な保全基金の大きさを求め、保全活動の計画を立てることに資する。そのため、まず、ＣＶＭ（仮想評価法）によるアンケート調査を行い、被験者が支払ってもよいと回答した平均的寄付額を推計する。次に、その額を商品に付加して実際に販売し、人々の購買行動を調査して、アンケートから期待される購買行動と比較する。これにより、従来からしばしば批判されてきたＣＶＭの仮想的条件下における回答の信頼性について、すわなち、「実際に寄付金が付加されると、人々はアンケート異なった行動をとる」という仮説について検証する。そして、実際に得られることができる保全基金の総額を予測する。今回の調査では、菓子を対象に「これまでの購入個数を変えずにいくらまでなら寄付できるか」との問いに示した支払意思額を、実際に寄付を上乗せして販売しても売上個数の減少は見られなかった。これにより寄付金による歴史的構築物保全の実現可能性を示すことが出来たことは、今後の具体的な保全活動の第一歩となる。と同時に、他の環境保全活動にもこの手法による支払意思額を反映させることは有効であるといえる。

Language：English  

Arbiol, Joseph, Maridel Borja, Mitsuyasu Yabe, Hisako Nomura, Nina Gloriani, Shin-ichi Yoshida

Language：English  

DOI： 10.1080/09640568.2012.702100

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Food waste makes up about 20% of general waste that goes to the landfill every year in the UK. Encouraging the public to engage in food waste recycling and separating more food from general waste could help local governments promote a better environment. Appeals to collective norms, by giving people feedback on their street's food waste recycling rate compared with others, could promote recycling. To test this, we carried out a randomised controlled trial in Oldham, Greater Manchester. We randomly assigned 318 streets to a treatment and control group. Households in the treatment group were sent two postcards that provided feedback on how their street performed on food waste recycling compared with the average for their neighbourhood. Participation in the food waste scheme was measured for all households on three occasions: at baseline, and after the receipt of the first- and second-feedback cards. We estimated the effect of our treatment using cross-classified multilevel logistic regression models, controlling for baseline, street size and the interaction of treatment and baseline. We show that feedback had a positive effect on the food waste participation with an effect size of 2.8% compared with a control group that received no treatment.

DOI： http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13549839.2011.586026

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper uses a randomized controlled trial to test whether doorstep canvassing can raise participation in kerbside recycling. Existing research shows that canvassing can confront negative attitudes, increase understanding and resolve structural obstacles, but there is less known about the longitudinal effects of such interventions, which may fall away over time. 194 streets in Trafford, in the North West of England, UK were randomly assigned into a treatment and a control group. All households in the treatment group were visited by canvassers who were trained to promote and encourage recycling. Recycling participation rates for all households were measured by observing bin set out rates over a three-week period. Measurement was done before and after the canvassing campaign and then again three months later to see if the intervention had been effective in raising participation rates. Random-effects multilevel regression models, controlling for baseline recycling, street size, deprivation and size of ethnic minority population, show that the canvassing raised recycling participation rates for the treatment group compared to the control group, but there was a decline in the impact of the intervention over time. The intervention was more effective on streets with low levels of recycling at baseline. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.09.010

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper examines the results of economic poverty reduction modelling in selected countries 1992-2002 using the fuzzy set method (fsQCA) and the crisp set method (csQCA). The fsQCA and csQCA are the two main configurational comparative methods (CCM). This paper primarily focuses on making sensitivity assessments of the fsQCA and csQCA results. The outcomes of CCM based on the truth table algorithm are determined by the calibration of the set-relation membership score as well as the outcome variable of the interim truth table (called the consistency cutoff). Calibration of the raw data into crisp- and fuzzy-set membership scores based on theoretically and empirically grounded establishment of thresholds has been emphasised as it shapes the truth table algorithm. Thus, like previous studies of sensitivity assessment we focus on calibration. However this paper shows how to determine the balance of consistency and coverage outcomes based on various cutoff points as being highly important for a sensitivity assessment. We argue that the optimal consistency cutoff point helps us optimally determine the configurational multiple causality. The outcomes of fsQCA and csQCA are considered in relation to the balance of consistency and coverage. The robustness of the results of the truth table algorithm depends on the balance of consistency and coverage. Using poverty reduction as a dependent variate, we compare the two methods which are both useful.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21840

Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Sustainability (Switzerland)  

This study investigates the influence of psychological factors and socio-demographic characteristics on the actual purchase of organic foods based on environmental consciousness. The theory of reasoned action and Hirose’s two-phase decision-making model act as the major informers to develop the research hypotheses. Through an online questionnaire survey, responses were collected from a sample of 275 Japanese consumers who bought organic foods based on environmental consciousness at least once. Structural equation modeling is used to analyze the data. This study shows that the key to promoting actual purchase lies in three factors: social norm, past experience, and willingness to pay (WTP). Attitude towards actual purchase negatively influenced actual purchase, and environmental awareness was the determinant for attitude towards actual purchase but not for actual purchase. Thus, only increasing environmental awareness is not enough to increase the actual purchase. Moreover, we could increase the actual purchase by making an effort to reduce the feelings of the unaffordability and inconvenience of organic foods, which also negatively influence WTP and negatively and indirectly influence actual purchase. This study finds that the behavior execution process is the main driving force influencing actual purchase rather than the attitude development process in terms of psychological factors behind organic food consumption based on environmental consciousness.

DOI： 10.3390/su16072862

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Publisher：International Journal of Agricultural Technology  

Results showed that extension intervention enhanced farmers' perception of certified seedlings. However, educational extension treatment such as the distribution of posters and training with posters found to be limited evidence of a causal effect on WTP. The study found that the most common reasons for not adopting clean seeds before and after the intervention were lack of concern, inability to pay, need for information, preference for own stem, and intention to stop planting. Difference-in-difference model indicated that training with posters had interaction before and after the implementation of the intervention which decreased the price of WTP by about 500 riels. This study also noted that farmers who increased their knowledge of SLCMD decreased their WTP statistically by about 400 riels. It is suggested that facing severe diseases did not affect the acceptance of cleaned seeds. Additionally, it observed that farmers became more cautious of purchasing seeds after the training as they could use their seedlings for multiplication.

Scopus

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Agribusiness  

This study examines the short- and long-term impacts of overinvestments on the profitability of Chinese agri-food processing firms. We construct an overinvestment age variable measured as the number of years since the most recent overinvestment and use a two-way fixed effects model based on firm-level data for the Chinese agri-food-processing industry from 1998 to 2013 to conduct the research. We find that the profitability of firms improves during the first and second years following the most recent overinvestment. However, from the third year onward, profitability declines, and the restraining effect increases year by year. In addition, we find that regional differences and differences in financing constraints can explain the heterogeneity of the overinvestment age affecting firm profitability. [EconLit Citations: D22, L25, L66].

DOI： 10.1002/agr.21840

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Language：English   Publisher：Institute of Environmental Rehabilitation and Conservation, Research Center  

<p>In Cambodia, most historical materials have been lost due to the genocide and the book-burning policy under the Pol Pot regime, and therefore, limited scientific records of the names, raw materials, manufacturing methods, and ingredients of traditional foods exist today. Current changes in the Cambodian lifestyle, such as the westernization of eating habits and increased food safety awareness, are driving factors that may result in the gradual disappearance of traditional foods. The <i>Elaeocarpus hygrophilus </i>Kurz fruit, known as <i>Madenh </i>or <i>Romdenh </i>in Khmer, is one example of a traditional food under pressure from changing eating habits. This study aimed to identify the consumption trends of <i>Elaeocarpus hygrophilus </i>Kurz and its processed products. The field survey revealed six ways of eating <i>Elaeocarpus hygrophilus </i>Kurz, including pickled, smashed-in-sugar, raw, caramelized, pickled-in-honey, and pickled-in-rice liquor. Additionally, the results of interviews with 514 customers in the local market about their habits regarding the product showed that younger customers tended to consume more pickled, smashed-in-sugar, and fresh fruit than the older generations. Further studies on the nutritional content of these products are needed to explore their relationship with eating habits and to prevent the decline in traditional food preferences.</p>

DOI： 10.32115/ijerd.15.1_92

CiNii Research

Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

Rural households in developing countries often depend on non-timber forest products (NTFPs), including foods, traditional medicines, fuelwood, fodder, and construction and craft materials such as bamboo and rattan, for their livelihoods, but the forests that supply NTFPs are subject to competition from other land uses. NTFP collectors who are unable to sustain their livelihoods because of changes caused in the NTFP collection environment by deforestation and degradation may even convert surrounding forests to agricultural land to compensate for their reduced incomes. This feedback loop of deforestation and degradation can create further conflicts among natural resource users and undermine long-term development goals. Here, we aimed to advance the discussion of forest conservation interventions in protected areas in developing countries—particularly the discussion of patrolling strategies in and around existing wildlife sanctuaries—by presenting a new approach that uses the case of NTFP collection and a human geography perspective. We used a structured questionnaire composed of closed questions to measure the awareness of village households of the impacts of deforestation and/or illegal extraction of trees on NTFP collection over a short period of time (2014–2016) near the Prey Long Wildlife Sanctuary in the eastern part of the Kampong Thom Province, Cambodia. Our survey was based on the conceptual framework of Bohensky and Lynam (Ecol. Soc. 10, 11; 2005) that people in complex adaptive systems change their behaviour after becoming aware of the impact or consequences of a change. The probability of a village having an affected household (i.e., a household that was aware of the impact) was predicted by using generalized linear mixed models. By using identified geospatial indicators of environmental and socioeconomic aspects, including distance between the village and the wildlife sanctuary, size of deforested area per capita in 2014–2016 within a 10-km radius of the village and proportion of households in the village that collect NTFPs for cash income, we predicted the spatial distribution of villages with affected NTFP-collecting households. Priority areas for NTFP collection were then mapped with reference to the identified indicators. By using these results, we present an approach to breaking the deforestation feedback loop by identifying priority areas for patrolling and other forest conservation interventions in the wildlife sanctuary.

DOI： 10.1016/j.landusepol.2023.106637

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Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies  

Purpose: This paper aims to provide empirical insight into the trends and structural changes in meat consumption in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach: This study applies the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System model on multiple cross-sectional data sets derived from the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey (VHLSS) of 2004–2016 and follows a consistent two-step procedure to deal with the zero consumption issue. The estimated demand elasticities are then compared and analyzed over time. Findings: The empirical results show that in the last decade, meat consumption patterns in Vietnam have undergone a remarkable structural change, with poultry and beef increasingly taking important roles in the meat consumption structure of households. In addition, demographic characteristics, including settlement type, household size and the age of the household head, have significantly influenced meat expenditure patterns in Vietnam. Research limitations/implications: The paper considers the demand for meat consumed at home but not meat consumed away from home. Originality/value: In many developing countries, increased disposable income, together with rapid urbanization and international integration, has significantly changed consumers' food consumption behaviors. This is one of the first studies using household survey data, which permits the exploration of heterogeneous preferences between consumers, to explore structural changes in food consumption patterns in Vietnam.

DOI： 10.1108/JADEE-08-2021-0206

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Language：English   Publisher：Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University  

This study aims to estimate the factors affecting consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) plastic bag fees that make them agree to carry their own bags during shopping in Vietnam. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied to determine the meaningful relationship between WTP and Attitude (AT), Subjective norms (SN), Perceived behavior (PB), and Eco–Literature (EL). The survey was conducted online using a structured questionnaire through nationwide social media distribution. The main findings indicate that three latent variables AT, SN, and PB have insignificant effects on WTP. Only EL had a significant relationship with WTP. More precisely, in this relationship, the responses of environmentally aware women were stronger than those of men who agreed to bring their bags. Additionally, the fee that could affect consumers’ behavior toward reducing plastic bags was found to be at least 850.5 dong/bag (≈ 0.04 USD). This research contributes valuable evidence for the policymakers to complete Directive No. 33 which would issue a fee for plastic bags in the future. Besides, the research also provides better knowledge of consumers for using shopping bags.

DOI： 10.5109/6770296

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Language：English   Publisher：Institute of Environmental Rehabilitation and Conservation, Research Center  

<p>This study clarifies how small-scale cassava producers endeavor to stabilize their household income. We conducted the survey between April and December 2017 in Dong Nai, Tay Ninh, and Gia Lai provinces, which are major cassava-producing provinces; 182 small-scale cassava producers were randomly selected for interviews. According to the results, each household has 4.5 members, of which 2.1 are involved in cassava production. The average household income was $7,071.29 per year, while the average income per employee was $3,535.15, which is 36.8% less than the average income of Vietnamese employees. The primary income is derived from two sectors: $3,648.41 (51.59%) and $3,422.88 (48.41%) from agricultural and non-agricultural incomes, respectively, along with $25.0 (0.4%) and $14.7 (0.2%) from remittance and pensions, respectively. Further, the cassava income shared 23.57% and 12.16% of agricultural and total household incomes, respectively, with an average of $859.81. As their primary sources of income, some small-scale cassava producers produce industrial crops, such as rubber trees, sugarcane, cashew, tobacco, and acacia. Moreover, they produce vegetables and fruits and engage in animal husbandry activities and agro-processing. In terms of non-farm income, they work as hired laborers and receive a stable income from the government or private companies. Thus, small-scale cassava producers in Vietnam stabilize their household income with multiple income sources and do not rely heavily on cassava.</p>

DOI： 10.32115/ijerd.14.1_139

CiNii Research

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Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Agriculture (Switzerland)  

Cassava is one of the most important cash crops in Cambodia. Agricultural mechanization promotes productivity, but overinvestment may disrupt the balance between inputs and outputs. Depending on the production scale, sometimes hiring equipment is considered better than purchas-ing it. While we can hypothesize that mechanization and investments might be crucial factors of productivity, technical efficiency analysis for estimating their effects has not yet been conducted. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of mechanization and investments on cassava yield and producers’ technical efficiency in Cambodia using the Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production model. For the study, 205 respondents were randomly selected and interviewed in the Battambang and Pailin provinces in northwestern Cambodia in 2017. Our results show that tractor or truck-hire cost was positively significant, and the cassava uprooting machine-hire cost was negatively signifi-cant. The average technical efficiency score of 0.62 indicates that cassava producers can increase their level of technical efficiency. Although cassava production in Cambodia is mechanized and investors are investing, it would be more beneficial to producers if they were provided with financial assistance when uprooting the cassava at the harvest time. Appropriate control of input costs can effectively improve cassava yield, following the implementation of the National Policy on Cassava 2020–2025 by the Royal Government of Cambodia.

DOI： 10.3390/agriculture12040441

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12040441

Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Economic Analysis and Policy  

This study explores the impact of the Agricultural Leading Firms Program (ALFP) on the productivity of China's agro-processing firms utilizing firm-level data from 1998–2013. The propensity score matching difference-in-differences method is used to control for endogeneity. We find that ALFP's implementation promotes the productivity of agro-processing firms. However, this productivity enhancement occurs only in non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs); the productivity of SOEs is not affected. Regarding the underlying mechanisms, studies indicate that ALFP's policy incentives for SOEs are mainly in the form of credit support and for non-SOEs as tax incentives and subsidies. Moreover, although policy incentives promote research and development expenditures by both SOEs and non-SOEs, credit support cannot alleviate the overinvestment of SOEs, while tax incentives and subsidies actually improve the investment efficiency of non-SOEs; this may cause the heterogeneous effects by ownership.

DOI： 10.1016/j.eap.2022.01.001

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Language：English   Publisher：Institute of Environmental Rehabilitation and Conservation, Research Center  

<p>The Sri Lankan Cassava Mosaic Disease (SLCMD) poses a major threat to the cassava industry in Cambodia, as it can decrease cassava yield by up to 80 percent. As SLCMD has no clear prescription, and currently, the only remedy is pulling out and incinerating the infected stems. The government of Cambodia, through the General Directorate of Agriculture (GDA), has moved swiftly to sensitize farmers on the causes, effects, and prevention measures of SLCMD. The GDA has used various media and methods to disseminate knowledge on SLCMD. However, effective information dissemination methods for changing farmers’ behaviors in terms of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) still remain to be identified. In this study, we investigate the effectiveness of two knowledge dissemination methods, i.e., "single intervention"-distribution of printed educational materials (PEMs) and "multifaceted intervention"-distribution of PEMs combined with workshop training. The study was conducted in Battambang, north-west Cambodia over two periods, from June to October 2019, and from November 2019 to February 2020. In the first period of investigation, 468 farmers were randomly selected to participate in the study. We formulate the contents of the poster and workshop based on the "initial" KAP results where farmers had lower KAP. Then, all 468 farmers were divided randomly into three groups, namely "Control," "Treatment1," and "Treatment2." farmers in "Treatment1" were subjected to "single intervention" and those in "Treatment2" were subjected to "multifaceted intervention," while those in "Control" were subjected to no intervention. In the second period of investigation, the "second" KAP was analyzed to estimate the effectiveness of interventions applied in the first period. The results show that "multifaceted intervention" is the effective method to improve the KAP of farmers in Cambodia. Our experience of running such farmers’ workshops and the materials we developed could be useful to governments, non-governmental organizations, and commercial associations that are keen to mitigate the effects of SLCMD through appropriate interventions.</p>

DOI： 10.32115/ijerd.12.1_79

CiNii Research

Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

<title>Abstract</title>We examine factors affecting the choice of marketing channels for maize among male, female, and joint decision-making farm households using data from households in Dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia. Econometric results suggest that female and joint decision-makers are more likely to sell maize to consumers or retailers in the main local market where the maize price is higher than to wholesale merchants directly from the farm. Individual decision-makers (male or female) who grow improved maize varieties are more likely to sell to wholesalers directly from the farm. This may be an indication of the effectiveness of joint decisions over individual decisions related to the market price. We also found that improved maize varieties distributed to farmers in the study area are of poor quality and that there is a lack of modern storage facilities so that farmers have to sell immediately after harvest during the lower price season. Thus, there is a need for policies promoting the distribution of high-quality maize seeds and encouraging investments in the establishment of modern maize storage facilities in the study area.

DOI： 10.1007/s10745-021-00252-x

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper analyzes market participation gaps among male, female, and joint decision-making households, and the factors influencing that gap, using data collected from 560 maize farm households in the Dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia. The results from the ordered probit analysis reveal that female and joint decision-making households were negatively associated with the probability of being a net seller, while being positively associated with being autarchic and net buyers. The decomposition results indicate clear market participation gaps in the net seller and net buyer positions between male and female decision-makers. The mean quantity gaps between males and females are more apparent in the net seller and net buyer positions. Between male and joint decision-makers, the mean quantity gaps are significant in the net seller and autarchic positions, while between female and joint decision-makers, it is significant in the net seller positions. In each market position, the quantity of gaps is unevenly distributed across the quantities of distribution, but the values increase as we approach higher levels of distribution. The gaps in the net seller and autarchic positions indicate that males are better positioned than females and that females are better positioned than joint decision-makers. Both endowment and return effects account for the quantity gaps. Thus, there is a need for policies to secure more equal access to productive resources for female and joint decision-making households and build their capacity to increase their resource returns.

DOI： 10.1057/s41287-020-00289-6

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Using primary data collected from 560 farm households in Dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia, this study analyzes the gender gaps in food security among male, female, and joint decision-making farm households. It examines the factors inducing gender gaps among the households of those three categories. The results show that female decision-making households have a lower probability of ensuring food-security and a higher probability of being transitionally and chronically food-insecure. Joint decision-making households showed a higher probability of falling into the chronically food-insecure category. The decomposition results show significant gender gaps between male and female decision-making households in terms of food-secure, transitory food-insecure, and chronically food-insecure categories. Overall, both the endowment and return effects account for the gaps; however, the magnitude of the effect from the return is higher than from the endowment on significant gaps in the food-secure, transitory, and chronically food-insecure categories. Hence, there is a need for policies that not only ensure equal levels of productive resources but also help households build their capacity in order to improve both transitory and chronically food insecure situations.

DOI： 10.1007/s11205-020-02600-8

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study examines the impact of gender differences on maize productivity in Dawuro Zone, southern Ethiopia. Our study addressed the limitations of the previous studies in two ways. First, the study separately assessed gender differences in productivity between de facto female-headed households and de jure female-headed households and revealed that female-headed households are not homogenous. Second, the study separately examined the impacts of the covariates on male-headed households and female-headed households using an exogenous switching treatment effect model. We find the existence of gender differences in maize productivity between male-headed households and female-headed households. The maize productivity of male-headed households was overall 44.3&#37; higher than that of female-headed households. However, if female-headed households received the same return on their resources as male-headed households, their productivity would increase by 42.3&#37;. This suggests agricultural policy should target female-headed households to help reduce the productivity gap between male-headed households and female-headed households. Finally, the distributions of the gender differentials between male-headed households and female-headed households are more pronounced at mid-levels of productivity.

DOI： 10.1007/s10708-019-10098-y

Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Journal of International Food and Agribusiness Marketing  

This study examines the effect of gender on marketing efficiency among maize producing households using data collected in the Dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia. Results indicate that the amount of maize assigned to the first ranked (most efficient) channel for male, female and joint decision-making households is significantly larger than that of the second, third, and fourth ranked channels, respectively. Significant results vary across gender categories at the same stage of marketing channel. Female decision-making households receive a lower producer price, as well as cover higher marketing costs and margins of middlemen, as compared to male and joint decision-makers at the same stage of the marketing channel. This study also found a limited financial ability for local institutions to establish maize storages in the study area. There is a need for an integrated agricultural marketing information system that would help female decision-making maize producers to better engage in available market opportunities.

DOI： 10.1080/08974438.2021.1911906

Web of Science

Scopus

Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.14927/reeps.14.1_54

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Livestock production in tropical countries consumes significant amounts of water for cooling and washing facilities and releases large amounts of wastewater to the environment, resulting in water scarcity and pollution. However, improving water-use efficiency (WUE) at the livestock farm level has received little attention in current research. This study measures the WUE of pig farms in Vietnam, a tropical Southeast Asian country. There, livestock production consists of three farming systems: industrial farms (IFs), semi-industrial farms (SIFs), and traditional farms (TFs). This study compares the WUE of these farming systems, suggests which of the systems is most sustainable, and proposes solutions to improve the WUE of each system. The results of surveying 247 pig farms and applying data envelopment analysis show that the free use of groundwater resources causes a low average WUE of 52&#37;. IFs (closed pigpens) have the highest WUE, followed by TFs and SIFs (open pigpens). This finding confirms the sustainability of IFs over other types of farming. Furthermore, using Tobit models, we analyze the determinants of the WUE within each farming system. The results show that shortening the fattening phase and decreasing the floor space allowance per pig increase the WUE of TFs and SIFs. In addition, decreasing the depth of the puddles in pigpens and the frequency with which these puddles are drained improve the WUE of IFs. These results suggest a need to revise the design of pigpens in order to reduce water use related to washing and cooling.

DOI： 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104926

Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Safe and environmentally friendly production has become an important trend in the aquaculture sector. Vietnam has successfully implemented a certified organic shrimp production project and is now planning to expand it. To successfully implement the certified organic shrimp production project in new areas, the ex ante evaluation of the factors influencing farmers’ decision to participate in this project is essential. Thus, this research determines factors affecting shrimp farmers’ decision to participate in a certified organic shrimp production project by analyzing a multinomial logit model. A survey was conducted in the Vietnamese part of the Mekong Delta and covered 220 shrimp farmers. The results show that farmers who have higher mangrove coverage in their shrimp farms are more likely to participate in the project. The likelihood of adoption also increases when farmers have a higher level of education. Interestingly, the premium commanded by the certified organic shrimp is not among the important factors affecting farmers’ decision to participate in the project.

DOI： 10.1007/s13165-019-00271-5

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper examines the land grab processes dominated by a domestic state-owned enterprise in Vietnam. We examine the case of a rubber plantation in an ethnic minority area in the Northwest of the country. In doing so, the paper seeks to address how the Vietnamese socialist State – often considered a ‘strong state’ because it has pursued egalitarian land distribution policies over the past three decades – proceeds with domestic land grabbing in a context where the local people follow customary land use practices. The field research revealed the following. First, the Vietnamese government, while maintaining land distribution policies for its rural farming population, has increasingly sought to bring these policies more in line with the global trend of large-scale land acquisition at the expense of the traditional interests and livelihoods of the local population. By seeking to justify their essentially non-egalitarian land grab processes through the policy of post-land grab ‘egalitarian land re-distributions’ in areas with disembedded customary control, the domestic state actors deployed a cunning duplicity in their persistent adherence to agrarian egalitarianism. Second, with the supports from the local and central governments, a state-owned enterprise named Vietnam Rubber Group, carved out its land grab processes with more freedom, leverage, and power than similar firms investing abroad through land concessions. Last, the post-land grab redistribution of land rights materializes state formation through re-territorialization of and re-legalization within the frontier zone.

DOI： 10.1016/j.geoforum.2020.06.009

Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.18488/journal.1005/2020.10.1/1005.1.270.283

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In analyzing contract farming of livestock production, many studies have focused on the economic aspect. This paper offers the environmental issue by investigating manure management and pollution levels of contract farming (CF) and non-contract farming (NCF) livestock producers in Vietnam. By surveying 270 pig farms and applying logit model, we found that commercial pigpen type of CF reduces the probability of manure separation, while larger garden area and knowledge of composting increase it. By analyzing the wastewater samples collected from 59 farms and employing nearest neighbor matching technique, this paper indicated that CF reduces the pollutants' concentrations in effluents. Using OLS regression models, we found out that manure separation contributes to a reduction in nutrient matters, while biogas plant or combination of biogas plant and stabilization ponds helps to diminish organic matters. The study results suggest that the government should regulate the minimum required land area for installation of the combined manure treatment plants (MTPs). Additionally, to recycle manure and improve nutrient matters in effluent, advanced technologies for separating solid manure are extremely necessary for CF producers. Furthermore, we recommend the government to build mechanisms to compel agribusiness firms engaging in their liability for the environmental side effects caused by their CF producers.

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136200

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In analyzing contract farming of livestock production, many studies have focused on the economic aspect. This paper offers the environmental issue by investigating manure management and pollution levels of contract farming (CF) and non-contract farming (NCF) livestock producers in Vietnam. By surveying 270 pig farms and applying logit model, we found that commercial pigpen type of CF reduces the probability of manure separation, while larger garden area and knowledge of composting increase it. By analyzing the wastewater samples collected from 59 farms and employing nearest neighbor matching technique, this paper indicated that CF reduces the pollutants' concentrations in effluents. Using OLS regression models, we found out that manure separation contributes to a reduction in nutrient matters, while biogas plant or combination of biogas plant and stabilization ponds helps to diminish organic matters. The study results suggest that the government should regulate the minimum required land area for installation of the combined manure treatment plants (MTPs). Additionally, to recycle manure and improve nutrient matters in effluent, advanced technologies for separating solid manure are extremely necessary for CF producers. Furthermore, we recommend the government to build mechanisms to compel agribusiness firms engaging in their liability for the environmental side effects caused by their CF producers.

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136200

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper summarizes the presentations at the JICA-JISNAS Forum held at Tokyo JICA Research Institute on Wednesday, December 11, 2019. In this paper, we report the Kyushu University’s JICA-Development Studies Program (JICA-DSP) and its implementation system, the overview of the courses taken, and the students’ evaluation of this year’s courses. It points out that the significance of conducting a JICA-DSP is to provide a place to systematically learn from the workplaces in Japan and from Japanese experience. This has the advantage of fostering international students who share the vector of international cooperation between Japan and the international student’s home country by systematically learning actual issues through lectures and field visits. Also, it is thought to contribute to regional revitalization as well as global human resource development of Japanese students who can understand the history of Japan’s development and be able to explain widely in English. It also points out that the necessity to evaluate the program from a long-term perspective.

DOI： info:doi/10.18999/jouica.18.56

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study explores the role of gender-based decision-making in the adoption of improved maize varieties. The primary data were collected in 2018 from 560 farm households in Dawuro Zone, Ethiopia, and were comparatively analyzed across gender categories of households: male decision-making, female decision-making and joint decision-making, using a double-hurdle model. The results show that the intensity of improved maize varieties adopted on plots managed by male, female, and joint decision-making households are significantly different. This effect diminishes in the model when we take other factors into account. Using the gender of the heads of households and agricultural decision-maker, the current study did not find significant evidence of gender difference in the rate and intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties. The intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties is lower for female-headed households where decisions are made jointly by men and women, compared to the male-headed households where decisions are made jointly. As the economic status is a key driver of adoption of improved maize varieties, it is recommended that the policies and programs that aim at developing and disseminating quality maize seeds in southern Ethiopia should emphatically support economically less endowed but more gender egalitarian joint decision-making households, especially female-headed ones.

DOI： 10.1016/j.wsif.2019.102264

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study explores the role of gender-based decision-making in the adoption of improved maize varieties. The primary data were collected in 2018 from 560 farm households in Dawuro Zone, Ethiopia, and were comparatively analyzed across gender categories of households: male decision-making, female decision-making and joint decision-making, using a double-hurdle model. The results show that the intensity of improved maize varieties adopted on plots managed by male, female, and joint decision-making households are significantly different. This effect diminishes in the model when we take other factors into account. Using the gender of the heads of households and agricultural decision-maker, the current study did not find significant evidence of gender difference in the rate and intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties. The intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties is lower for female-headed households where decisions are made jointly by men and women, compared to the male-headed households where decisions are made jointly. As the economic status is a key driver of adoption of improved maize varieties, it is recommended that the policies and programs that aim at developing and disseminating quality maize seeds in southern Ethiopia should emphatically support economically less endowed but more gender egalitarian joint decision-making households, especially female-headed ones.

DOI： 10.1016/j.wsif.2019.102264

Language：Japanese  

Consumer Valuation of Green Tea Leaves Produced through Chagusaba Farming: A Case of GIAHS in Shizuoka
<p>The purpose of this study is to analyze consumer valuation of green tea leaves produced through Chagusaba farming in Shizuoka, which is certified as Globally Integrated Important Agricultural Systems (GIAHS). A choice experiment was conducted to determine the effect of GIAHS certification on consumer valuation of green tea leaves for personal use and for gifting purposes. The results are twofold: first, GIAHS certification can enhance consumer valuation of green tea leaves as a gift item, but not when purchased for personal use; and second, the levels of Chagusaba farming that consumers highly evaluated vary across regions. Therefore, imprinting the GIAHS certi­fication mark on a package of green tea leaves meant for gifting purposes is an effective way to promote its sale when produced through Chagusaba farming in Shizuoka.</p>

DOI： 10.7310/arfe.55.81

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Home composting (HC) has become an increasingly important consideration in the framework of sustainable municipal organic waste (MOW) management in developing countries. We develop, for the first time, two HC behavior models, which include households’ decisions to participate in a HC scheme and the level of HC participation. By applying Logit and Ordered logit models, a survey of 202 respondents in rural areas of Hoi An, Vietnam, indicates that households’ decisions to get involved in a HC scheme and the level of HC participation are affected by motivational factors such as knowledge about HC, attitude toward it, and owning a garden. We then explore the differences between the influencing factors for the two models. Interestingly, while participation in the HC training program influence the decision to participate in the HC scheme, the factor appears unimportant in increasing the level of HC practice. In addition, once the HC participation decision has been made, we find that pro-environmental behavior (such as habit of reusing plastic bags and reducing wastefulness) could promote a higher level of HC practice. These findings could help policy makers in promoting HC behavior to enhance a sustainable MOW management strategy at the household level.

DOI： 10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.08.016

Language：Others  

Trends in RCT field experiment research and its application to domestic agriculture and forestry problems

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study examines the impact of gender differences on maize productivity in Dawuro Zone, southern Ethiopia. Our study addressed the limitations of the previous studies in two ways. First, the study separately assessed gender differences in productivity between de facto female-headed households and de jure female-headed households and revealed that female-headed households are not homogenous. Second, the study separately examined the impacts of the covariates on male-headed households and female-headed households using an exogenous switching treatment effect model. We find the existence of gender differences in maize productivity between male-headed households and female-headed households. The maize productivity of male-headed households was overall 44.3% higher than that of female-headed households. However, if female-headed households received the same return on their resources as male-headed households, their productivity would increase by 42.3%. This suggests agricultural policy should target female-headed households to help reduce the productivity gap between male-headed households and female-headed households. Finally, the distributions of the gender differentials between male-headed households and female-headed households are more pronounced at mid-levels of productivity.

DOI： 10.1007/s10708-019-10098-y

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

To solve a severe issue on mangrove loss and to maintain farmer livelihood in Mahakam Delta, the silvofishery system adopted by farmers have been signed into the design and implementation of recovery management strategies for mangrove ecosystems of Indonesia. Previous studies show that the silvofishery system positively impacts the livelihood of coastal communities. This study evaluates the factors that affect farmers' decision to adopt the silvofishery system in the Mahakam Delta and investigates the causal impact of adoption to their income. Cross-section analysis of 284 farmers through face-to-face interviews from two sub-districts within the Mahakam Delta was used. A logit model to analyze the adoption determinant and the propensity score matching technique to determine the causal impact of the silvofishery system on farmers' income. A prominent feature of the study shows that in socio-economic characteristics, family size and residence status are key determinants of farmers' decision to adopt silvofishery. Also, social capital, the current mangrove condition and recognition of benefits from mangroves as nursery ground have a robust and significant positive impact on farmers' decision. The average treatment effect for the treated (ATT) after matching using single and five nearest neighbor matching (NNM) with replacement and common support displays a positive impact of silvofishery on annual income per hectare of farmers. This study demonstrates that focus on community involvement coupled with information dissemination, education, and communication about the importance of mangroves and the silvofishery system application in the Mahakam Delta mangrove ecosystem.

Language：Japanese  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Erratic rainfall has a detrimental impact on crop productivity but rainfall during the specific growth stage is rarely used in efficiency analysis. This study focuses on this untapped point and examines the influence of rainfall specifically encountered during the sowing stage and early vegetative growth stage and the flowering stage of pulses on productivity and efficiency in Lower Myanmar using data from 182 sample farmers. The results of a stochastic frontier production function reveal that rainfall incidence during the flowering season of pulses has a negatively significant effect on yield while replanting crops after serious damage by rain increases productivity. Controlled rainfall variables, seed rate, human labor and land preparation cost are important parameters influencing pulses yield. In the efficiency model, levels of yield loss have a negative impact while being a male household head, access to government credit, access to training, locating farms in the Bago Region and possessing a large area of pulses have a positively significant effect on technical efficiency. Policy recommendations include the establishment of a safety network, such as crop insurance to protect farmers from losses due to unpredictable weather conditions, promoting training programs on cultural practices adapted to climate change, wide coverage of extension activities, giving priority to small-scale farmers and female farmer participation in training and extension activities and increasing the rate of credit availability to farmers.

DOI： 10.3390/su10020402

Language：Japanese  

Study of Environmental Conservation by Citizens’ Support System Measures for Maintenance and Inheritance of Akiyoshi-dai Grassland
Akiyoshi-dai karst plateau is the largest limestone plateau in Japan. Its grassland which has been used as a meadow or cultivation land is a secondary nature and it has been providing ecological services such as functions of biodiversity conservation，the rural economy through tourism，education through nature leaning for next generations. This study examined non-public funded measures for the maintenance and estimated the value of Akiyoshi-dai grassland conservation using CVM. From the estimation results of 460 yen as WTP，we could secure enough funding for maintaining conservation activities. Also，when people have more knowledge about farmers still using the green manure from Akiyoshi-dai grassland; want to come back with other visiting purposes; are willing to volunteer conservation of plateau; and also have more knowledge that active conservation can avoid the grassland degradation，we can secure necessary budget sufficiently. Therefore，we shed light on securing sustainable funding in the paper and the local overnment can put efforts on such aspects of advocacy.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.35.213

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

High participation rates by the public in authority projects are key in increasing resident recycling levels. Understanding waste separation behavior is crucial to achieving sustainable waste management within such household-based schemes. To identify the driving forces behind the seldom-discussed kitchen garbage separation behavior, five psychological factors, namely, attitude, perceived behavior control, subjective norms, moral norms, and responsibility denial, are established.

Our data originate from a social study of Beijing citizens conducted in July 2013 (n = 362). Through structural equation modeling, we find that moral norms are consistently the most important predictor of household kitchen waste (KW) separation behavior. Subjective norms have a larger effect on such behavior than responsibility denial. Data analysis shows that perceived behavior control contributes significantly and independently to the explanation of such behavior. By contrast, attitude towards KW
separation is found to be significantly negatively correlated with separation behavior. In conclusion, the model with direct and indirect effects of psychological factors explains 50.3% of the variance in household KW source separation behavior. Implications of the results for the promotion of household KW separation programs are discussed.

DOI： 10.3390/su8101083

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study described the nurses’ current knowledge and perceived relevance and capability in performing skills related to the prevention and control of leptospirosis in the City of Manila, Philippines, utilizing cross-sectional descriptive design. A total of 103 nurses working at the barangay health centers participated in the study. The results showed that nurses had a mean score of 72&#37; in the knowledge part of the assessment, indicating good knowledge on leptospirosis and high-perceived relevance and capability in the performance of the skills except in the collection of samples from contaminated environments. The nurses’ perceived capability to perform the skills is slightly lower than the perceived relevance of the skills. An educational program reorienting the nurses on leptospirosis control and treatment guidelines particularly the administration of antibiotic prophylaxis, and a training program in collecting environmental samples is recommended to address the nurses’ low perceived capability in these particular areas.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Leptospirosis is a serious and potentially fatal zoonotic disease, but often neglected owing to lack of awareness. This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning leptospirosis among agricultural (n = 152) and non-agricultural (n = 115) workers in the lakeshore communities of Calamba and Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. The findings showed no significant differences for the knowledge and attitude scores between agricultural and non-agricultural workers. However, agricultural workers had significantly lower prevention practice scores than non-agricultural workers. The ordinary least squares regression model identified gender, use of broadcast media as a source of health information, and knowledge and attitudes about leptospirosis as significant predictors of prevention practices common to both workers. Higher educational attainment was significantly associated with prevention practices among agricultural workers, while higher age and income level were significantly associated with prevention practices among non-agricultural workers. Public health interventions to improve leptospirosis knowledge and prevention practices should include health education and promotion programs, along with the strengthening of occupational health and safety programs in the agricultural sector.

DOI： 10.3390/agriculture6020018

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning leptospirosis among agricultural (n = 152) and non-agricultural (n = 115) workers in the lakeshore communities of Calamba and Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.

DOI： 10.3390/agriculture6020018

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study explored characteristics of households affected by deforestation in their fuelwood and non-timber forest product (NTFP) collections in Kampong Thom Province, Kingdom of Cambodia, where tropical lowland forests are decreasing in size owing mainly to agribusiness development and farming. Deforested areas were delineated by satellite image interpretation of forest cover change. A questionnaire survey was conducted for 161 households in six villages within three districts having varying degrees of forest cover changes per capita over a period of 5 years. Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze characteristics of households affected by deforestation in their fuelwood and NTFP collections. The characteristics vary with the collection activity examined, either fuelwood or NTFP collection. We revealed that deforestation notably affects villagers whose non-forest fuelwood sources are scarce. People who collected fuelwood in forests after deforestation are more likely to be affected if the remaining forest area per capita near their village is less. In contrast, for NTFP collection, the size of the deforested area per capita near villages is more important than that of the remaining forest area, particularly to those who depend on NTFP collection as one of their main livelihood activities before deforestation. In contrast with much of the literature that has stated that the poor depend more on NTFPs, our results show that the relationship between household wealth and NTFP dependence was more than a simple negative correlation; i.e., the local people's material wealth was not a strong determinant in our NTFP model. The importance of stakeholder analysis and consultation with local residents in impact assessments and natural resource management involving land-use changes has been progressively acknowledged in the academic literature. In this context, we argue that it is essential to identify potentially affected groups among local residents in terms of their fuelwood and NTFP collections in a short-term period widely distributed at the provincial level. The combination of our findings, method applied and existing demographic survey networks in Cambodia provides an approach of identifying the affected residents in a transparent manner.

DOI： 10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.12.006

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Policy Implications of the Use of Feedback to Enhance Environmental Outcomes

DOI： 10.15017/1564079

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study described the nurses’ current knowledge and perceived relevance and capability in performing skills related to the prevention and control of leptospirosis in the City of Manila, Philippines, utilizing cross-sectional descriptive design. A total of 103 nurses working at the barangay health centers participated in the study. The results showed that nurses had a mean score of 72% in the knowledge part of the assessment, indicating good knowledge on leptospirosis and high-perceived relevance and capability in the performance of the skills except in the collection of samples from contaminated environments. The nurses’ perceived capability to perform the skills is slightly lower than the perceived relevance of the skills. An educational program reorienting the nurses on leptospirosis control and treatment guidelines particularly the administration of antibiotic prophylaxis, and a training program in collecting environmental samples is recommended to address the nurses’ low perceived capability in these particular areas.

Language：Japanese  

Policy Implications of the Use of Feedback to Enhance Environmental Outcomes: a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Food Waste Scheme
A Randomised Control Trial (RCT) asked whether the use of tailored feedback could be used to encourage participation in a kerbside food waste recycling scheme in Oldham, Greater Manchester. The rationale for the trial was that most people underestimate the extent to which their peers engage in pro-social behaviour and compare their own behaviour to these under-estimates. We randomly assigned 318 streets to a treatment and control group. Households in the treatment group were sent two postcards that provided feedback on how their street performed on food waste recycling compared to the average for their neighbourhood. Participation in the food waste scheme was measured for all households on three occasions：at baseline, and after the receipt of the first and second feedback cards. We estimated the effect of our treatment using cross-classified multilevel logistic regression models, controlling for baseline, street size and the interaction of treatment and baseline. Normative feedback can have a positive impact on participation but the impact is small. The impact was greater on streets that were small (with between 8 and 30 households) and where the baseline was low. We also estimated that with the feedback postcard nudge, we can reduce food waste which can contribute 5,332 pounds worth less of food waste in the area. From the trials, feedback had the positive cumulative effect on the participation rate.

DOI： 10.15017/1564079

Language：Japanese  

Comparison among Six Villages of the Characteristics of Residents Prone to be Affected by Deforestation and Forest Degradation: A Case Study of Fuelwood and Non-timber Forest Product Collection in Cambodia
Cambodian residents in rural areas often depend on forests for their livelihoods, particularly for collecting fuelwood and non-timber forest products (NTFPs). However, many forests are being diminished because of timber extraction and conversion to agricultural lands. Our objective was to identify the characteristics, in terms of fuelwood and NTFP collecting, of households that were prone to be affected by deforestation and forest degradation within the last 5 years. We performed a comparative analysis of six sample villages across three districts in Kampong Thom Province. Using satellite image analysis and a household questionnaire, we found that households were affected differently depending on fuelwood availability around their villages. Households that were notably affected by deforestation and forest degradation were those that could not continue collecting NTFPs as one of their main livelihood activities because forest conversion occurred within a 10-km radius of their village and/or because of selective cutting of trees that provide NTFPs such as resin and fruit. These findings and assessment methods are useful for provincial land use planning and environmental and social assessments of the impact of large-scale development on rural residents.

DOI： 10.20818/jfe.61.3_24

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper aims to assess the preferences and willingness-tc-pay for organic milk attributes among Chinese consumers. A discrete choice experiment was used to elicit preferences for organic milk attributes from 181 consumers regarding the importance of five organic milk attributes: organic feeding, animal welfare concerns, chemical-concerns, certification and price. The random parameters logit (RPL) model was used to determine preference heterogeneity among respondents. The derived coefficients of the RPL model was used to estimate the implicit price of the milk attribute, and the respondent's willingness to pay for combined features of milk attributes. The willingness to pay for combined features of milk attributes was estimated at 3.190 Yuan per 250 ml of milk. Respondents preferred milk that comes from organically-fed cattle, with certification label and with a lower price. Respondents' preferences for animal welfare attribute exhibited age and education specific differences. The negative effect of price on consumers' preferences can be offset by targeting older, highly-educated and male consumers and by increasing consumer awareness about organic milk.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper aims to assess the preferences and willingness-tc-pay for organic milk attributes among Chinese consumers. A discrete choice experiment was used to elicit preferences for organic milk attributes from 181 consumers regarding the importance of five organic milk attributes: organic feeding, animal welfare concerns, chemical-concerns, certification and price. The random parameters logit (RPL) model was used to determine preference heterogeneity among respondents. The derived coefficients of the RPL model was used to estimate the implicit price of the milk attribute, and the respondent's willingness to pay for combined features of milk attributes. The willingness to pay for combined features of milk attributes was estimated at 3.190 Yuan per 250 ml of milk. Respondents preferred milk that comes from organically-fed cattle, with certification label and with a lower price. Respondents' preferences for animal welfare attribute exhibited age and education specific differences. The negative effect of price on consumers' preferences can be offset by targeting older, highly-educated and male consumers and by increasing consumer awareness about organic milk.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper aims to assess the preferences and willingness–to–pay for organic milk attributes among Chinese consumers. A discrete choice experiment was used to elicit preferences for organic milk attributes from 181 consumers regarding the importance of five organic milk attributes: organic feeding, animal welfare concerns, chemical– concerns, certification and price. The random parameters logit (RPL) model was used to determine preference heterogeneity among respondents. The derived coefficients of the RPL model was used to estimate the implicit price of the milk attribute, and the respondent's willingness to pay for combined features of milk attributes. The willingness to pay for combined features of milk attributes was estimated at 3.190 Yuan per 250 ml of milk. Respondents preferred milk that comes from organically–fed cattle, with certification label and with a lower price. Respondents' preferences for animal welfare attribute exhibited age and education specific differences. The negative effect of price on consumers' preferences can be offset by targeting older, highly–educated and male consumers and by increasing consumer awareness about organic milk.

Repository Public URL： http://hdl.handle.net/2324/1543415

Language：English  

Using choice experiment, the objective of this study is to estimate international tourists’ preferences and willingness to pay for ecofriendly services which related to river and natural environment conservation of hotel industry in Vangvieng.

DOI： 10.4236/jwarp.2015.712074

Language：English  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Leptospirosis is highly endemic in the Philippines and a serious concern to public health. Local research on candidate vaccine is moving through the development pipeline. The availability of vaccines alone does not guarantee acceptance because individuals' vaccination choice decision is influenced by several factors. This study assessed how vaccine attributes and socio-demographic factors affect the acceptability of leptospirosis vaccine; and estimated individuals' willingness to pay for leptospirosis vaccine. A discrete choice experiment was conducted among leptospirosis and non-leptospirosis case respondents (n = 342) living in Metro Manila. Random Parameters Logit model was used to estimate the relative importance of vaccine attributes and socio-demographic variables on respondents' leptospirosis vaccination choice decision. The estimated model coefficients were used to derive implicit prices and willingness to pay for leptospirosis vaccine. Both case respondents preferred leptospirosis vaccine with 70-100% efficacy, mild to moderate risk of side-effects, given in a single shot, and at a lower price. Non-leptospirosis case respondents preferred a vaccine with 7 to 10 y of protection, while leptospirosis case respondents preferred a vaccine with 10 y protection. The probability of leptospirosis vaccination acceptance was affected by respondents' age, education, family size and income, proximity of home to rivers and sewers, and leptospirosis awareness level. Respondents' willingness to pay for leptospirosis vaccine (US$ 31.14-US$ 65.89) was higher than the Japanese retail price (US$ 21.60-US$ 24.00). Our findings indicated significant potential for introducing leptospirosis vaccine in the Philippine vaccine market. Delivery strategies to ensure equitable access to future leptospirosis vaccine are recommended.

DOI： 10.1080/21645515.2015.1010901

Language：Others   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/21645515.2015.1010901

Language：English  

DOI： 10.1080/21645515.2015.1010901

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Analyzing deforestation impacts on fuelwood and non-timber forest product collection for local people in Cambodia

DOI： 10.11519/jfsc.126.0_192

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.12.038

Language：English  

Satoyama is a traditional rural landscape in Japan, where secondary forests often play an essential role and traditional ecological knowledge has been important in sustaining this human-natural system. However, the definitions of satoyama are multiple and its typical forms have changed over time. This paper reviews the satoyama concept, with special reference to its evolving environmental and social significance, and its implications for sustainability of human-natural systems. The satoyama concept is characterized by multi-functionality, in which social and economic dimensions rather than ecological dimensions, dominate. Considering that the usage and management priorities of satoyama have been shaped by the evolving needs of the times, the contemporary needs of society should be accounted for in their continued management. Today satoyama have the potential to supply important ecosystem services, including the preservation of important cultural heritage, biodiversity conservation, and education. However, recognition and parameterization of potential trade-offs between these services is necessary and will require diverse site-specific strategies for sustaining satoyamas that foster new relevance, economic options and innovative management. As a socio-ecological construct, the quality and maintenance of satoyama systems will depend on the existence of adequate ecological knowledge to support the management decisions fitted to respond to current social needs. For many satoyama systems, such knowledge is inadequate. Ultimately, there is hope that the satoyama concept can be replicated elsewhere, so that land management can be tailored to the needs and capacities of the ecosystems and the communities that depend on them. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.12.038

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The agri-environmental payment schemes in EU member states and their effects on biodiversity

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The first agri-environmental programme in Japan, which started in 2011, is aimed at the conservation of biodiversity on farmland in Japan. For its smooth enforcement, a framework is required in which biodiversity conservation is visible and clear to farmers and the public. Such programmes will be effective when options can easily be adopted and the concept is appropriate and regionally specific for the farmers. While the result-oriented payment approach provides biodiversity's concrete contribution to the improvement of farm settings, entry-level incentives are also necessary to encourage farmers' initial participation, as biodiversity has an environmental value as public goods.

DOI： 10.1080/09640568.2012.702100

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Leptospirosis is a serious public health concern in the Philippines, not only because of its increasing incidence rate, but also because of its significant health and economic impacts. Despite its relatively high seroprevalence, knowledge on the economic burden of disease, particularly on the value that the society places on disease prevention remains limited. Obtaining such information is important within the context of public health policy. This study was conducted in Metro Manila to determine the economic burden of leptospirosis, by asking respondents about their willingness to contribute to labor (WTCL) for the prevention of leptospirosis. The respondents pledged an average labor contribution of 10.66 h/month. The average WTCL corresponded to a monetary value of US$4.01 per month when valued using the opportunity cost of labor (leisure rate of time). From the monetized labor contribution, the total economic value of preventing leptospirosis was estimated at US$124.97 million per annum, which represents 1.13% of Metro Manila's gross domestic product (GDP). Estimates from a Tobit regression model identified the respondents' knowledge regarding leptospirosis, the susceptibility of their homes to flooding, and the proximity of their homes to sewers as significant factors to consider when developing resource contribution programs for leptospirosis prevention. More efforts need to be made in developing community level preventive programs, and in improving public's knowledge and awareness about leptospirosis.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph10051845

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Leptospirosis is a serious public health concern in the Philippines, not only because of its increasing incidence rate, but also because of its significant health and economic impacts. Despite its relatively high seroprevalence, knowledge on the economic burden of disease, particularly on the value that the society places on disease prevention remains limited. Obtaining such information is important within the context of public health policy. This study was conducted in Metro Manila to determine the economic burden of leptospirosis, by asking respondents about their willingness to contribute to labor (WTCL) for the prevention of leptospirosis. The respondents pledged an average labor contribution of 10.66 h/month. The average WTCL corresponded to a monetary value of US&#36;4.01 per month when valued using the opportunity cost of labor (leisure rate of time). From the monetized labor contribution, the total economic value of preventing leptospirosis was estimated at US&#36;124.97 million per annum, which represents 1.13&#37; of Metro Manila's gross domestic product (GDP). Estimates from a Tobit regression model identified the respondents' knowledge regarding leptospirosis, the susceptibility of their homes to flooding, and the proximity of their homes to sewers as significant factors to consider when developing resource contribution programs for leptospirosis prevention. More efforts need to be made in developing community level preventive programs, and in improving public's knowledge and awareness about leptospirosis.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph10051845

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Leptospirosis is a serious public health concern in the Philippines, not only because of its increasing incidence rate, but also because of its significant health and economic impacts. Despite its relatively high seroprevalence, knowledge on the economic burden of disease, particularly on the value that the society places on disease prevention remains limited. Obtaining such information is important within the context of public health policy. This study was conducted in Metro Manila to determine the economic burden of leptospirosis, by asking respondents about their willingness to contribute to labor (WTC^L) for the prevention of leptospirosis. The respondents pledged an average labor contribution of 10.66 h/month. The average WTC^L corresponded to a monetary value of US$4.01 per month when valued using the opportunity cost of labor (leisure rate of time). From the monetized labor contribution, the total economic value of preventing leptospirosis was estimated at US$124.97 million per annum, which represents 1.13% of Metro Manila's gross domestic product (GDP). Estimates from a Tobit regression model identified the respondents' knowledge regarding leptospirosis, the susceptibility of their homes to flooding, and the proximity of their homes to sewers as significant factors to consider when developing resource contribution programs for leptospirosis prevention. More efforts need to be made in developing community level preventive programs, and in improving public's knowledge and awareness about leptospirosis.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph10051845

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Food waste makes up about 20% of general waste that goes to the landfill every year in the UK. Encouraging the public to engage in food waste recycling and separating more food from general waste could help local governments promote a better environment. Appeals to collective norms, by giving people feedback on their street's food waste recycling rate compared with others, could promote recycling. To test this, we carried out a randomised controlled trial in Oldham, Greater Manchester. We randomly assigned 318 streets to a treatment and control group. Households in the treatment group were sent two postcards that provided feedback on how their street performed on food waste recycling compared with the average for their neighbourhood. Participation in the food waste scheme was measured for all households on three occasions: at baseline, and after the receipt of the first- and second-feedback cards. We estimated the effect of our treatment using cross-classified multilevel logistic regression models, controlling for baseline, street size and the interaction of treatment and baseline. We show that feedback had a positive effect on the food waste participation with an effect size of 2.8% compared with a control group that received no treatment.

DOI： 10.1080/13549839.2011.586026

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Agri-environmental schemes in England have been transformed in recent years. The primary objectives of agri-environment schemes have developed from initially aiming to hold back intensification of agricultural lands towards stimulating environmental enhancement of rural area including the agricultural lands. With the introduction of Environmental Stewardship (ES), the previous schemes such as Environmentally Sensitive Area and Countryside Stewardship schemes are integrated into the ES. Although the framework of the scheme has been studied, the mechanism and the actual implementation process for promoting and enhancing the environment had not been well documented. Further, the paper examined how the scheme has contributed to enhancement of biodiversity on the agricultural land. This is the first study that illustrates the mechanism and the actual implementation of the ES for biodiversity enhancement. This paper summarizes lessons learnt from the ES in England and provides suggestions that promotes biodiversity enhancement on the agricultural land.

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The implementation framework and practical issues of the agri-environmental stewardship in England

DOI： 10.15017/18870

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper examines the results of economic poverty reduction modelling in selected countries 1992-2002 using the fuzzy set method (fsQCA) and the crisp set method (csQCA). The fsQCA and csQCA are the two main configurational comparative methods (CCM). This paper primarily focuses on making sensitivity assessments of the fsQCA and csQCA results. The outcomes of CCM based on the truth table algorithm are determined by the calibration of the set-relation membership score as well as the outcome variable of the interim truth table (called the consistency cutoff). Calibration of the raw data into crisp-and fuzzy-set membership scores based on theoretically and empirically grounded establishment of thresholds has been emphasised as it shapes the truth table algorithm. Thus, like previous studies of sensitivity assessment we focus on calibration. However this paper shows how to determine the balance of consistency and coverage outcomes based on various cutoff points as being highly important for a sensitivity assessment. We argue that the optimal consistency cutoff point helps us optimally determine the configurational multiple causality. The outcomes of fsQCA and csQCA are considered in relation to the balance of consistency and coverage. The robustness of the results of the truth table algorithm depends on the balance of consistency and coverage. Using poverty reduction as a dependent variate, we compare the two methods which are both useful.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper uses a randomized controlled trial to test whether doorstep canvassing can raise participation in kerbside recycling. Existing research shows that canvassing can confront negative attitudes, increase understanding and resolve structural obstacles, but there is less known about the longitudinal effects of such interventions, which may fall away over time. 194 streets in Trafford, in the North West of England, UK were randomly assigned into a treatment and a control group. All households in the treatment group were visited by canvassers who were trained to promote and encourage recycling. Recycling participation rates for all households were measured by observing bin set out rates over a three-week period. Measurement was done before and after the canvassing campaign and then again three months later to see if the intervention had been effective in raising participation rates. Random-effects multilevel regression models, controlling for baseline recycling, street size, deprivation and size of ethnic minority population, show that the canvassing raised recycling participation rates for the treatment group compared to the control group, but there was a decline in the impact of the intervention over time. The intervention was more effective on streets with low levels of recycling at baseline.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.09.010

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

     This paper examines the results of economic poverty reduction modelling in selected countries 1992-2002 using the fuzzy set method (fsQCA) and the crisp set method (csQCA). The fsQCA and csQCA are the two main configurational comparative methods (CCM). This paper primarily focuses on making sensitivity assessments of the fsQCA and csQCA results. The outcomes of CCM based on the truth table algorithm are determined by the calibration of the set-relation membership score as well as the outcome variable of the interim truth table (called the consistency cutoff). Calibration of the raw data into crisp- and fuzzy-set membership scores based on theoretically and empirically grounded establishment of thresholds has been emphasised as it shapes the truth table algorithm. Thus, like previous studies of sensitivity assessment we focus on calibration. However this paper shows how to determine the balance of consistency and coverage outcomes based on various cutoff points as being highly important for a sensitivity assessment. We argue that the optimal consistency cutoff point helps us optimally determine the configurational multiple causality. The outcomes of fsQCA and csQCA are considered in relation to the balance of consistency and coverage. The robustness of the results of the truth table algorithm depends on the balance of consistency and coverage. Using poverty reduction as a dependent variate, we compare the two methods which are both useful.

DOI： 10.11218/ojjams.24.219

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Receptiveness of Japanese Farmers towards an Environmental Payment Scheme

DOI： 10.11300/fmsj1963.45.2_1

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English  

Language：Japanese   Book type：General book, introductory book for general audience

英国を中心にその基盤となる欧州共同体（EU）の生物多様性に関わる施策やさまざまな取り組みをまとめた。農水省の「農業に有用な生物多様性の指標及び評価手法の開発」の一つとして2008、2009年に愛国で実施した調査研究をそれぞれの研究者が書いた。 英国は日本とは逆に60年代に40％だった食料自給率を70％を超すまでに向上させた国。しかし、その過程で鳥や蝶など昆虫類の種類や数は激減、90年第後半から政府が環境直接支払制度を設け、保全に力を入れている。生き物を保護する活動など、先進的な取り組みも多く紹介されている。 本書は、生物多様性・保全のための①EUの共通農業政策②英国の農業環境政策の中心にある環境管理助成制度の枠組み③現地調査結果④政策を国民が支える仕組み⑤取り組みの評価報告の5章で構成する。

Language：English   Book type：General book, introductory book for general audience

Other Link： http://www.amazon.com/Nudge-Think-Experiments-Change-Behavior/dp/184966059X

Language：English  

The author Dr. Shigeto Namba has withdrawn his authorship from the chapter. Also, the authors H. Nomura, H. Tanaka, and K. Takasu have updated their affiliation as below:.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-7308-3_8

Responsible for pages：総ページ数：171p, 図版ivp   Language：Japanese  

Event date： 2009.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：York   Country：United Kingdom  

Event date： 2009.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：NatCen and London School of Economics   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2006.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Tokyo   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2003.9

Language：English  

Venue：Tokyo University   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.3 - 2023.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Siem Reap, Cambodia   Country：Cambodia  

Event date： 2023.3

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Siem Reap   Country：Cambodia  

Event date： 2021.3

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：online   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.3

Language：English  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2020.3

Language：Japanese  

Country：Other  

Significance and Issues of JICA Development Studies Program and International Graduate Programs for Universities

Event date： 2020.3

Language：Japanese  

本稿では、2018年度に開始した九州大学の開発大学院連携プログラム体制及び実施体制、そして履修の全体像を報告したのち、留学生事業とJICA開発大学院を行うことの大学側にとっての連携の意義と課題を挙げた。JICA開発大学院を行う意義として、日本の現場あるいは日本の体験について体系的に学ぶ場を提供できることを指摘した。そして、座学と実施見学を通じて実問題を題材に体系的に学ぶことにより日本-留学生母国の国際協力のベクトルを共有する留学生を育成できるメリットがある。また、日本人と外国人学生のクラスシェアを通じ活性ある学びなどを取り入れるなど工夫次第で、日本の発展の歴史を理解し、英語により広く内外に説明できる日本人学生のグローバル人材育成や、地元の課題解決につなげる地方創生にも寄与すると考えられる。課題としては、成果を有機的につなげていくためにも長期的な視点での評価を行う見当が必要である。This paper summarizes the presentations at the JICA-JISNAS Forum held at Tokyo JICA Research Institute on Wednesday, December 11, 2019. In this paper, we report the Kyushu University's JICA-Development Studies Program (JICA-DSP) and its implementation system, the overview of the courses taken, and the students' evaluation of this year's courses. It points out that the significance of conducting a JICA-DSP is to provide a place to systematically learn from the workplaces in Japan and from Japanese experience. This has the advantage of fostering international students who share the vector of international cooperation between Japan and the international student's home country by systematically learning actual issues through lectures and field visits. Also, it is thought to contribute to regional revitalization as well as global human resource development of Japanese students who can understand the history of Japan's development and be able to explain widely in English. It also points out that the necessity to evaluate the program from a long-term perspective.本稿は、2019年12月11日（水）に東京JICA研究所にて行われたJICA-JISNASフォーラムでの同タイトルでの発表をまとめたものである。

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Event date： 2020.2 - 2020.3

Language：English  

Venue：Siem Reap, Cambodia   Country：Cambodia  

Event date： 2020.2 - 2020.3

Language：English  

Venue：Siem Reap, Cambodia   Country：Cambodia  

Event date： 2020.2 - 2020.3

Language：English  

Venue：Siem Reap, Cambodia   Country：Cambodia  

Cassava is one of the three most important food crops in Vietnam with 532,600 ha cultivated area, annual average yield of 18.8 ton per hectare and fresh root production exceeding 10.27 million tons (GSO, 2018). The southern region is a main cassava production of Vietnam, thus various cassava varieties has been selected and introduced in this region. Cassava producers could maintain cassava stems from previous crops or they could buy those from government organizations or private sectors. In order to minimize the influence of CMD and to prevent future outbreak of other disease, it is necessary to clarify distribution channel of stem and discuss possibility of clean stems/ or seedlings business.
Semi-structured interview based on questionnaire form was conducted in three main cassava production provinces in southern Vietnam including Dong Nai, Gia Lai and Tay Ninh. The study involved 182 cassava producers who were randomly selected for the interview. The status cassava varieties, purchase, and movement of cassava stems were interviewed. In addition, willingness of producers to pay for clean cassava seedlings had focused to clarify the potential use of the clean one.
The results showed that 72.53&#37; producers used cassava stems from previous crop, whereas 27.47&#37; producers were bought cassava stems from different suppliers. The suppliers were government organization (2&#37;), neighbor and their relatives (29&#37;) and middlemen (20&#37;). 82.6&#37; cassava producers knew varieties name, the rest was unclear varieties name. The most planted cassava varieties in southern Vietnam were including KM140 (22.0&#37;), KM325 (12.5&#37;), KM419 (35.9&#37;), KM94 (13.0&#37;), KM98-5 (4.9&#37;). Some other cassava varieties were rarely used such as KM96 (0.5&#37;), KM98 (1.1&#37;), KM95 (2.2&#37;), KM505 (0.5&#37;). When concerning about willingness to pay for clean seedlings, 65.93&#37; producers approved with price of 23,500 VND (~1&#36;) for 20 stems; however, 28.02&#37; producers disapproved for clean seedlings and 6.04&#37; of that wanted to receive more information about clean one before giving their decision.

Event date： 2019.12

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：日本大学生物資源科学部   Country：Japan  

カンボジアにおいては、近年、換金作物であるキャッサバの生産量が増加し続けている。しかし、収穫されるキャッサバ芋の大部分がほとんど加工されないままに隣国へ輸出されており、キャッサバ産業の遅れが課題となっていた。そこでカンボジア政府は新たなキャッサバ政策（New National Cassava Policy, 2018-2022）を今年に入って策定し、カンボジア国内におけるキャッサバ加工産業を推進しようとしている。これによって新たな就業の機会が発生し、キャッサバの取引価格が安定するなど、カンボジアの国民やキャッサバ生産者の生計に寄与することが期待される。
一方で、個々の生産者のキャッサバの生産性の向上については、政府レベルにおいても研究レベルにおいても、未だ十分に検討されていない。現在のところキャッサバの価格がカンボジア国外の要因によって変動しやすいことを踏まえれば、効率的な投入や技術のあり方を明らかにすることは、キャッサバ生産者の経営向上に寄与するものとなる。

Event date： 2019.1

Language：English   Presentation type：Public lecture, seminar, tutorial, course, or other speech  

Venue：OIST, Okinawa   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2019.1

Language：English   Presentation type：Public lecture, seminar, tutorial, course, or other speech  

Venue：OIST, Okinawa   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2019.1

Language：English   Presentation type：Public lecture, seminar, tutorial, course, or other speech  

Venue：OIST, Okinawa   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2018.12

Language：English  

Venue：Nihon University   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2018.3

Language：Japanese  

Country：Other  

Mapping spatial distribution of household groups vulnerable to deforestation and selective cutting in NTFP collections
<p>[in Japanese]</p>

Event date： 2017.12

Language：English  

Venue：東洋大学   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2017.5

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST)   Country：Japan  

It is becoming more difficult to maintain environmental public goods such as rural landscapes and the ecological systems that exist within them. Therefore, to maintain the cultural landscape in agricultural regions and pass this inheritance on to future generations, it is essential to create a mechanism whereby we can identify the beneficiaries and find ways to generate the funds necessary to reimburse those who provide cultural environmental benefits. This view reflects the concept of payment for ecosystem services (PES), which is a payment made to farmers or landowners who provide ecological services through having agreed to take certain actions to manage natural resources such as their land.
This study focuses the way to effectively generates funds based on the monetary value of green goods estimated as people’s Willingness to Pay for conservation or management activities through promoting convenience. We apply Kotchen’s impure public goods to internalize donations for public goods to private goods. An impure public good is a privately acquired activity that jointly produces a public and a private good. Then we sold such impure public goods as green goods. We use the Kotchen’s equilibrium model to illustrate our setup for establishing our hypothesis of our experimental setup. Provided that when certain conditions are met for the model, the utility of green goods increases compared to that of conventional goods. Therefore, we test a hypothesis questioning whether a complementary private and public good reduces the total amount sold when the total price is increased by adding an amount representing a donation to the sale price of the private good. We used a questionnaire to determine consumers’ WTP and sold the confectionery with a donation in Aso, Kyushu Japan. We confirmed that the price increase did not cause the decrease in the sale amount of the confectionery and this wide and thin approach is a valid fund-raising method for grassland regeneration.

Event date： 2016.12

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：北海道大学   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2016.11

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea,   Country：Korea, Republic of  

In recent years, interest in environmental, social, regional issues and different complexity of the entire food supply chain is increasing around the world which led to certify the quality of food products as “ethical” such as free range chicken, fair traded banana, organic products and purchase locally produced at the farmer’s market in the regional or rural areas. Though the term ethical is not so familiar in Japan now but individuals between age 30 and 39 are recently interested in the concept of “ethical” and about 50&#37; consumers consider product’s ethical attributes when making their purchasing decision. The Japanese government and industry have already taken initiative to address many of the ecological effects of consumption and to focus marketing efforts on locally made and environmentally friendly products. Understanding ethical consumption behavior is key to promoting ethical markets, however, there is a lack of research to investigate consumer’s psychological intention to purchase ethical products. Thus, the main aim of this study is to investigate influence of main psychological factors and socio-demographic characteristics on ethical consumption to provide policy implications to promote the ethical market further. The theory of planned behaviour theory and Hirose two-phase decision making model for pro-environmental behaviour acts as the major informer to develop research hypotheses. We conducted on line questionnaire survey in Japan to collect data (n=1100). By analyzing data through structural equation modeling using AMOS22.0 for comparing three most important ethical issues: environmental consideration, locally produced product and biodiversity conservation respectively, we find that attitude towards ethical products is the most important predictor of actually purchase ethical products and it has direct positive effect on actual purchase. Secondly, perceived effectiveness such as they believe their action can make a difference and social norm comprised of both subject norm and moral norm positively and significantly influenced attitude. Thus, it is important to cultivate the positive attitudes, perceived effectiveness and social norm of consumers who have not realized the importance of ethical consumption. On the other hand, feeling of cost side and inconvenience side of ethical products negatively influenced WTP, which is an immediate antecedent of actual purchase. Thus, it is important to incorporate efforts to reduce consumer’s sense of psychological burden of ethical consumption and to enhance convenience of ethical purchase when one is strategizing for promotion of ethical market in Japan.

Event date： 2016.11

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea   Country：Korea, Republic of  

In terms of sustainable waste reduction strategies, home composting is productive option for the treatment of municipal organic waste (MOW) (included food waste and garden waste) at source which has been recognized with many benefits such as reducing pressure on landfills, minimizing garbage collection and transportation costs, and producing a product with intrinsic value by improving soil structure and fertility. Previous researchs have been considered home composting behavior with the objective to determine the factors affecting the decisions of composter group and non-composter group. We examine a unique, using a two stage estimation procedure of home composting behavior which combining the discrete and continuous aspects of MOW treatment at source decisions. In the initial stage, the residents decide whether or not to be a composter. The second stage then involves a decision about how often they practice home composting MOW.
In this research, 202 household samples were approached in the two rural areas of Hoi An city, Vietnam. Among the samples, about 47&#37; of respondents answered they never practice composting. The rest are composters with frequence of making compost, including rarely (6.4&#37;), moderate (21.3&#37;), frequent (14.9&#37;), and most frequent (10.4&#37;). The empirical results showed that the decision of dealing with home composting was determined by composting knowledge, attitude, interest in gardening, presence of garden, access to information from citizen’s leader group, and participation in compost training. While the frequency of home composting practice was interpreted in terms of composting knowledge, attitude towards composting, and interest in gardening. Beside the implications for policy makers, the missing link of home composting behavior towards sustainable MOW reduction strategy has also discussed in the study.

Event date： 2016.11

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea,   Country：Korea, Republic of  

Nasu city is famous for tourism, agriculture and forestry and blessed with an abundance of nature. Every year, about 47millions tourists visit the city. However, in recent years, environmental problems such as decreasing the national endangered species, illegal waste dumping, or water pollution of the river changing the local living environment with depopulation of the area. In order to maintain the beautiful landscape and ecosystem of Nasu city, it is important to set a system for pooling environmental conservation funding. Toward that end, an initial step is to understand which beneficiaries are willing to pay to conserve it. This could help formulating policy to support such conservation system. Thus, this research aims to investigate the socio-economic determinants of cyclers, the indirect user of ecological services, who are willing to pay for preserving the ecosystem in Nasu. In particular, we hypothesized that WTP of cyclers increases when they feel more of these use-value associated with cycling. On the other hand, non-use value such as option value and heritage value are not major drive for cyclers’ WTP for conservation. We applied Grouped-data regression to estimate the amount of payment for conservation.
The results of this research shows that WTP for conserving ecological services in Nasu is higher when cyclers’ visit to Nasu more often with cycling purpose, their initial interest to cycling was socialization with family and friends, their preference to stay at hotel which provides dinner with locally sourced ingredients and also has a cycling rack, and with appreciation of the importance of landscape during cycling. On the other hand, in general, appreciation towards non-use values with awareness of ecological services such as water resource conservation, habitats for animals and plants did not contribute to higher WTP. Also, if cyclers also had factor attributes that they appreciate non-use values, their WTP was higher. From these results, we can conclude that in order to effectively collect conservation funding from cyclers who appreciate use-value of Nasu, we can put more efforts to increase the value of both direct value and indirect use-value associated with cycling in Nasu. This study can also contributes the discussion to promote the environmental conservation system.

Event date： 2016.9

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：青山学院大学   Country：Japan  

本研究は、福岡県みやま市における生ごみ分別モデル事業の対象者と非対象者の、両者の生ごみ分別に対する意思決定プロセスの相違を明らかにし、①生ごみ分別未経験者に対してより効果的な施策、②生ごみ分別事業の効果をより高める施策を検討することを研究の目的とした。
調査・分析の方法は、まずアンケート調査を行い、そのデータを用いて、因子分析、共分散構造分析を行った。そして、共分散構造分析から得られた実測モデルをもとに両者の意思決定プロセスの比較を行った。
その結果、対象者・非対象者の両者とも、「住んでいる地域で生ごみ分別を推進するなら、自分も分別するべきだ」といった社会規範評価が「生ごみの資源化に協力したい」といった目標意図や、「生ごみを分別しよう」という分別意思に影響を与えるなど、類似した傾向が見られた。しかし、非対象者では、「自宅用の生ごみ分別バケツを洗うことは面倒だ」といった負担感が、対象者では前述の社会規範評価が、それぞれ分別意思に与える影響が最も大きいという違いも見られた。
この結果から、行政は住民に対して、生ごみ分別を推進していくために、生ごみ分別モデル事業開始前、分別未経験者に対しては、分別経験者の実体験を語るといった方法で、面倒というイメージの払拭し、分別の負担感の軽減を図ることが分別を推進していくうえで有効であると考えられる。他方、生ごみ分別モデル事業開始後、本格的導入に向けては、社会規範評価を高めるために、近隣住民と協力・連携する体制の構築する（分別優秀地区の表彰を行う等）ことが、分別を推進していくうえで有効な手立てではないかと考えられる。以上の点が明らかになったと考えられるが、本研究には課題も残されている。
まず、本研究では、モデル事業の対象者と非対象者に分け、調査を行ったが、モデル事業の対象になって実際に分別に参加した住民と、参加しなかった住民が含まれている。この点を考慮して、①モデル事業の対象になり、分別に参加した住民、②モデル事業の対象になったが、参加しなかった住民、③モデル事業の対象にならなかった住民の3つのグループに分けて分析を行うとより精度の高い分析結果が得られた可能性も考えられる。
また、本研究は、自治体の生ごみ分別に焦点を当て、生ごみ分別事業開始前の生ごみ分別未経験者に対する施策、事業開始後、本格的導入に向けた施策の2点を明らかにすることを目的としたが、対象とした自治体は1つの自治体のみであった。自治体によって、ごみの分別方法は異なり、新たに生ごみ分別を導入するとなったときの住民の感じ方は異なる可能性が考えられる。今回得られた結果から考察した有効と考えられる施策は全ての自治体に当てはまるとは言えない。さらに、生ごみ分別収集には、バケツ方式や、生ごみを袋に入れて出す袋方式といった方法があり、この方法の違いによって住民が感じる負担感は異なることも考えられる。この点を考慮し、他の自治体の事例を分析する必要性もあるだろう。

Event date： 2016.8

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Kyushu Sangyo University, Fukuoka   Country：Japan  

Akiyoshidai Karst Tableland is the largest limestone plateau in Japan. It is located in the western Yamaguchi prefecture. With the development of the unique karst terrain, and its widely known academic value and its popularity to visit for leisure, the main part has become an Akiyoshidai Quasi-National Park. Also, many indigenous plants which are endangered in Japan exist there.
Grassland of Akiyoshidai which has been used as a meadow or cultivation land is a secondary nature, and it has been maintained by the hands of the local people. Even today some farmers around Akiyoshidai are using the wild grass as green manure now. Akiyoshidai grassland therefore has been providing environmental services such as functions of biodiversity conservation, economic generation to the rural economy through tourism, education through nature leaning for next generations, and traditional dyeing culture using natural grasses.
With the reduction of the grassland area in last decades and aging and lack of successor of the local people who are involved in conservation, however grassland requires a sustainable conservation mechanism urgently in order to maintain the grassland and to raise the local successor for conservation activities. As previous studies until now only assess the value of grassland, research to promote practical solution to conservation is necessary.
The purpose of this study, in light of the current situation of Akiyoshidai, is to propose measures for the maintenance and inheritance of Akiyoshidai grassland. For this reason, we suggest the local government to establish Akiyoshidai grassland conservation fund, in particular, as the target participants of high karst walk who are likely to make a donation. Therefore, first, we determine factors influencing donation amount from characteristics of people who already enjoy Akiyoshidai walk. In addition, clarification of the relationship between the respondents’ attributes and willingness to pay could help us obtain useful suggestions for future fund-raising activities.
We conducted the questionnaire survey on 25th October, 2015 to the karst walk participants. We provided 449 questionnaires and recovered 437 copies (return rate of 97.3&#37;). The results show that the average WTP is 460 yen (approximately 4 USD), and median WTP was 397 JPY (approximately 3.5 USD). For the implication of future fund-raising activities, we found expected fund-raising amount was estimated in this study can satisfy the mowing expenses to 74&#37;. On the other hand, if people think strongly that grassland decrease can be avoided strongly, willingness to pay increases. In this case, sufficiency rate by the fund-raising can reach to the 95&#37;. Therefore, we concluded that clear publicities of the conservation measures and also their outcomes, as well as reinforcement of conservation activities could contribute to the conservation of Akiyoshidai Karst Tableland.

Event date： 2016.3

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Ha Noi   Country：Viet Nam  

By using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the present study investigated the factors influencing households’ behaviors toward the MOW-SAS program. Main findings from SEM model suggested attitude is a major predictor to households’ recycling behaviors.

Event date： 2015.11

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Tottori   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2015.6 - 2016.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Korea, Republic of  

Event date： 2015.6

Language：English  

Venue：Korea   Country：Korea, Republic of  

Event date： 2015.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：ADB office, Tokyo   Country：Japan  

Investigating the potential of increasing agricultural production through the improvement in the level of technical efficiency is necessary to improve the farm output. This study evaluated the technical efficiency of hybrid maize farmers in Myanmar.

Event date： 2015.3

Language：Japanese  

Country：Other  

Analyzing deforestation impacts on fuelwood and non-timber forest product collection for local people in Cambodia
[in Japanese]

Event date： 2014.10

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：九州大学箱崎キャンパス   Country：Japan  

This research aims to explore factors causing local people’s perception about the impact of the deforestation on their fuelwood availability. Preliminary analysis showed that households that used to collect fuelwood in forests before its deforestation have higher probability of perceiving the impact of deforestation more significantly than non-forest fuelwood collectors, and for those who collect in forested area after deforestation nearby their village the probability become higher as the area of remaining forest per person within 10km radius from their village become smaller. The further analysis showed degree of the impact also vary depending on forest exploitation types: exploited by companies or local people, and the availability of fuelwood source in non-forested area such as bush or agricultural land in the vicinity of their village.

Event date： 2014.9

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：千葉大学西千葉キャンパス   Country：Japan  

This research aims to explore factors causing local people’s perception about the impact of the deforestation on their fuelwood availability. Preliminary analysis showed that households that used to collect fuelwood in forests before its deforestation have higher probability of perceiving the impact of deforestation more significantly than non-forest fuelwood collectors, and for those who collect in forested area after deforestation nearby their village the probability become higher as the area of remaining forest per person within 10km radius from their village become smaller. The further analysis showed degree of the impact also vary depending on forest exploitation types: exploited by companies or local people, and the availability of fuelwood source in non-forested area such as bush or agricultural land in the vicinity of their village.

Event date： 2014.3

Language：Japanese  

Venue：北海道大学農学部   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2010.3 - 2010.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Edinburgh   Country：United Kingdom  

Event date： 2010

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Event date： 2009.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Public lecture, seminar, tutorial, course, or other speech  

Venue：Sapporo   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2009.9

Language：English  

Venue：Potsdam   Country：Germany  

Event date： 2009.9

Language：English  

Venue：Potsdam   Country：Germany  

Event date： 2009.9

Language：English  

Venue：Potsdam   Country：Germany  

Event date： 2009

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Event date： 2008.8

Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：Naples   Country：Italy  

Event date： 2007.7

Language：English  

Venue：Manchester   Country：United Kingdom  

Event date： 2007.2

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium   Country：Belgium  

Event date： 2004.10

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Xiamen   Country：China  

Event date： 2003.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Glasgow   Country：United Kingdom  

Event date： 2003.3

Language：Japanese  

Country：Other  

Event date： 2003.3

Language：Japanese  

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Language：English  

Country：Other  

Public authorities are increasingly using information and communication
technology (ICT) to engage citizens in the politics, in particular through
internet discussion forums. This paper reports findings from a large-scale
online randomised controlled trail of 6,009 participants that aims to test the
effect of online deliberation on policy preferences. Participants were
randomised between four treatment groups and two control groups. All four
treatment groups were exposed to the same information and participants
were able to post their views. However, in only two of the treatment groups
were participants able to read and respond to the postings of others. The
analysis uses Compliance Average Causal Effects (CACE) models to show the
impact of deliberation. The paper finds that deliberation shifts participants’
views on youth anti-social behaviour, but that participation in online
deliberation tends to reinforce extant political inequalities.

Language：English  

Country：Other  

Language：English  

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Language：English  

Public authorities are increasingly using information and communication
technology (ICT) to engage citizens in the politics, in particular through
internet discussion forums. This paper reports findings from a large-scale
online randomised controlled trail of 6,009 participants that aims to test the
effect of online deliberation on policy preferences. Participants were
randomised between four treatment groups and two control groups. All four
treatment groups were exposed to the same information and participants
were able to post their views. However, in only two of the treatment groups
were participants able to read and respond to the postings of others. The
analysis uses Compliance Average Causal Effects (CACE) models to show the
impact of deliberation. The paper finds that deliberation shifts participants’
views on youth anti-social behaviour, but that participation in online
deliberation tends to reinforce extant political inequalities.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Internal/External technical report, pre-print, etc.  

Language：Japanese  

Significance and Issues of JICA Development Studies Program and International Graduate Programs for Universities

DOI： 10.18999/jouica.18.56

Language：English  

© 2019 The Authors This study explores the role of gender-based decision-making in the adoption of improved maize varieties. The primary data were collected in 2018 from 560 farm households in Dawuro Zone, Ethiopia, and were comparatively analyzed across gender categories of households: male decision-making, female decision-making and joint decision-making, using a double-hurdle model. The results show that the intensity of improved maize varieties adopted on plots managed by male, female, and joint decision-making households are significantly different. This effect diminishes in the model when we take other factors into account. Using the gender of the heads of households and agricultural decision-maker, the current study did not find significant evidence of gender difference in the rate and intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties. The intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties is lower for female-headed households where decisions are made jointly by men and women, compared to the male-headed households where decisions are made jointly. As the economic status is a key driver of adoption of improved maize varieties, it is recommended that the policies and programs that aim at developing and disseminating quality maize seeds in southern Ethiopia should emphatically support economically less endowed but more gender egalitarian joint decision-making households, especially female-headed ones.

DOI： 10.1016/j.wsif.2019.102264

Language：Others  

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018. The author Dr. Shigeto Namba has withdrawn his authorship from the chapter. Also, the authors H. Nomura, H. Tanaka, and K. Takasu have updated their affiliation as below:.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-7308-3_8

Language：Others  

The author Dr. Shigeto Namba has withdrawn his authorship from the chapter. Also, the authors H. Nomura, H. Tanaka, and K. Takasu have updated their affiliation as below:.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-7308-3_8

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Policy Implications of the Use of Feedback to Enhance Environmental Outcomes : a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Food Waste Scheme
A Randomised Control Trial (RCT) asked whether the use of tailored feedback could be used to encourage participation in a kerbside food waste recycling scheme in Oldham, Greater Manchester. The rationale for the trial was that most people underestimate the extent to which their peers engage in pro-social behaviour and compare their own behaviour to these under-estimates. We randomly assigned 318 streets to a treatment and control group. Households in the treatment group were sent two postcards that provided feedback on how their street performed on food waste recycling compared to the average for their neighbourhood. Participation in the food waste scheme was measured for all households on three occasions：at baseline, and after the receipt of the first and second feedback cards. We estimated the effect of our treatment using cross-classified multilevel logistic regression models, controlling for baseline, street size and the interaction of treatment and baseline. Normative feedback can have a positive impact on participation but the impact is small. The impact was greater on streets that were small (with between 8 and 30 households) and where the baseline was low. We also estimated that with the feedback postcard nudge, we can reduce food waste which can contribute 5,332 pounds worth less of food waste in the area. From the trials, feedback had the positive cumulative effect on the participation rate.

DOI： 10.15017/1564079

Language：Japanese  

Waitroseによる環境保全を消費者に訴える商品構成には、様々な組織や制度が関与しており、その全体像を把握することで、英国において生物多様性を含む環境保全的農業に企業やNGOがどのように関与しているかを把握するのが調査の目的である。

Language：Japanese  

Language：English  

Satoyama is a traditional rural landscape in Japan, where secondary forests often play an essential role and traditional ecological knowledge has been important in sustaining this human-natural system. However, the definitions of satoyama are multiple and its typical forms have changed over time. This paper reviews the satoyama concept, with special reference to its evolving environmental and social significance, and its implications for sustainability of human-natural systems. The satoyama concept is characterized by multi-functionality, in which social and economic dimensions rather than ecological dimensions, dominate. Considering that the usage and management priorities of satoyama have been shaped by the evolving needs of the times, the contemporary needs of society should be accounted for in their continued management. Today satoyama have the potential to supply important ecosystem services, including the preservation of important cultural heritage, biodiversity conservation, and education. However, recognition and parameterization of potential trade-offs between these services is necessary and will require diverse site-specific strategies for sustaining satoyamas that foster new relevance, economic options and innovative management. As a socio-ecological construct, the quality and maintenance of satoyama systems will depend on the existence of adequate ecological knowledge to support the management decisions fitted to respond to current social needs. For many satoyama systems, such knowledge is inadequate. Ultimately, there is hope that the satoyama concept can be replicated elsewhere, so that land management can be tailored to the needs and capacities of the ecosystems and the communities that depend on them. © 2014.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.12.038

Language：Japanese  

The agri-environmental payment schemes in EU member states and their effects on biodiversity

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

The implementation framework and practical issues of the agri-environmental stewardship in England
Agri-environmental schemes in England have been transformed in recent years. The primary objectives of agri-environment schemes have developed from initially aiming to hold back intensification of agricultural lands towards stimulating environmental enhancement of rural area including the agricultural lands. With the introduction of Environmental Stewardship (ES), the previous schemes such as Environmentally Sensitive Area and Countryside Stewardship schemes are integrated into the ES. Although the framework of the scheme has been studied, the mechanism and the actual implementation process for promoting and enhancing the environment had not been well documented. Further, the paper examined how the scheme has contributed to enhancement of biodiversity on the agricultural land. This is the first study that illustrates the mechanism and the actual implementation of the ES for biodiversity enhancement. This paper summarizes lessons learnt from the ES in England and provides suggestions that promotes biodiversity enhancement on the agricultural land.

DOI： 10.15017/18870

Language：Others  

Language：English  

Language：English  

Language：Japanese  

Receptiveness of Japanese Farmers towards an Environmental Payment Scheme : An Analysis of the Determining Factors behind Participation and Land Enrolment in an Environmentally Friendly Farming Practices

DOI： 10.11300/fmsj1963.45.2_1

Language：Japanese  

Type：Peer review 

Number of peer-reviewed articles in foreign language journals：2

Number of peer-reviewed articles in Japanese journals：2

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：350

Type：Peer review 

Number of peer-reviewed articles in foreign language journals：4

Number of peer-reviewed articles in Japanese journals：2

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：350

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：15

Type：Peer review 

Number of peer-reviewed articles in foreign language journals：4

Number of peer-reviewed articles in Japanese journals：3

Type：Peer review 

Number of peer-reviewed articles in foreign language journals：5

Number of peer-reviewed articles in Japanese journals：2

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：50

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：200

Type：Peer review 

Number of peer-reviewed articles in foreign language journals：4

Number of peer-reviewed articles in Japanese journals：2

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：150

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：150

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：30

Type：Peer review 

Number of peer-reviewed articles in foreign language journals：5

Number of peer-reviewed articles in Japanese journals：2

Proceedings of International Conference Number of peer-reviewed papers：1

Proceedings of domestic conference Number of peer-reviewed papers：2

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：250

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：80

FFTCの農政プロジェクトは2013年から開始され、野村は2015年から翻訳を担当。
FFTCは東・東南アジア各国の農政情報を共有場であり、日本、中国、韓国、台湾、マレーシア、フィリピン、タイ、ミャンマー、ベトナムの農政を英語でタイムリーに発信している。
なお、FFTCは日本の例を参考にして各国参加者にチームの組成を推奨しており、これまでにフィリピン、タイ、ミャンマー、台湾、韓国で実現している。
http://ap.fftc.agnet.org/ap_view.php?id=8

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Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc.