Language：English   Publisher：Journal of the American Chemical Society  

Xenon isotope nuclear magnetic resonance (129Xe-NMR) spectroscopy has been widely used to evaluate the pore structure of materials. However, determining how to apply this technique to investigate porous carbon materials is sometimes challenging, partly due to the structural disorder and heterogeneity of the surface properties of these materials, and partly due to the lack of reliable methods for controlling and assessing the density of adsorbed Xe. In this study, we designed and constructed a temperature- and pressure-controllable 129Xe-NMR system to evaluate the interaction between activated carbon (AC) and adsorbed Xe molecules. Based on a confirmation of surface-covering adsorption form of Xe molecules in AC pores, the extrapolation to the ordinate in plots of the surface area-normalized Xe adsorption amount (ρXe) and measured 129Xe-NMR chemical shifts of adsorbed Xe molecules, δ(Xe), to remove the influence of the Xe-Xe interaction allowed us to estimate the interaction between the AC pore surface and a single Xe molecule. These data confirmed that interactions between the pore surface and adsorbed Xe molecules depend on a parameter related to the AC pore size, regardless of the content of oxygen-containing surface functional groups, and an empirical equation to estimate the average pore size of ACs from the 129Xe-NMR results was proposed. Downward deviations of the linear correlation between ρXe and δ(Xe) were attributed to the influence of paramagnetism presumably derived from oxygen-containing functional groups on the surfaces of ACs and to changes in the adsorption form in low- and high-ρXe regions, respectively. These findings confirm the suitability of 129Xe NMR for pore size determination in porous carbon materials.

DOI： 10.1021/jacs.4c10099

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PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Institute of Energy  

<p>Raw materials for pitch-based carbon fiber were derived from coal and petroleum. These raw materials and the carbon fiber precursors prepared from the raw materials are complex mixtures of heavy hydrocarbons. Average molecular structure analysis of the raw materials and the precursors is important to develop high-quality carbon fibers. In this study, we investigated the changes in molecular structure during the preparation of precursors and the differences between the coal-based and petroleum-based precursors.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jiesekitanronbun.61.0_20

CiNii Research

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Institute of Energy  

<p>When kelp, a marine biomass, was carbonized, it was found that numerous fine pores were formed, creating a porous carbon material similar to activated carbon. Analysis of the gas components generated during heating and the carbonized material after heating revealed that kelp and wakame have different carbide structures, which helped clarify the mechanism of activated carbon production. It was also suggested that the salts contained in seaweed may influence the changes in molecular structure during the carbonization process.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jiesekitanronbun.61.0_50

CiNii Research

Publisher：Carbon Letters  

This study involved the heterogenization of a binder pitch (BP) using a small amount of nanocarbon to improve physical properties of the resulting graphite electrode (GE). Heterogenization was carried out by adding 0.5–2.0 wt.% platelet carbon nanofiber (PCNF) or carbon black (CB) to a commercial BP. To evaluate the physical properties of the BPs, we designed a new model graphite electrode (MGE) using needle coke as a filler. The heterogenized binder pitch (HBP) with PCNF or CB clearly increased the coking value by 5–13 wt.% compared to that of the as-received BP. Especially, the model graphite electrodes prepared with HBPs containing 1.0 wt.% PCNF or CB showed significantly improved physical properties compared to the control MGE from the as-received BP. Although the model graphite electrodes prepared with HBPs showed similar properties, they had smaller pore sizes than the control. This indicates that heterogenization of the BP can effectively decrease the pore size in the MGE matrix. Correlating the average pore sizes with the physical properties of the model graphite electrodes showed that, for the same porosity, matrices formed by the HBP with a smaller average pore size can effectively improve the apparent density, tensile strength, and oxidation resistance of the model graphite electrodes.

DOI： 10.1007/s42823-024-00736-y

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Scopus

Publisher：Carbon  

Petroleum residues are produced as by-products of petroleum refining. Recently, various effective non-fuel uses of petroleum residues have been considered toward a carbon-neutral society. Pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) is one of the petroleum residues. Advanced utilization of PFO for future non-combustion applications is required. In this study, Mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers (MPCF) were successfully produced from PFO. Spinnable mesophase pitch (SMP), a precursor of MPCF, was prepared using PFO as a raw material through the pressurized heat treatment at 420°C-430 °C. PFO is from the naphtha catalytic cracking process for ethylene production and is mainly composed of 2–4 condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The high temperature pressurized heat treatment could result in the PFO-derived SMPs with yield of 23.0 wt% and excellent spinnability. On the other hand, without pressurized heat treatment, the yield was 8.5 wt%. This indicates that pressurized heat treatment significantly contributed to the yield improvement. In addition, the preference for the conversion of PFO molecules into highly condensed PAHs via cata-condensation during pressurized heat treatment at 420°C-430 °C was observed, which may be the main reason for the high yield and excellent spinnability of the resulting SMPs. As a result, the obtained PFO-derived SMPs though the such high-temperature pressurized heat treatment provided the typical radial-random transversal textures and general mechanical performances of MPCF: The tensile strength and Young's modulus of the PFO-derived MPCF graphitized at 2400 °C showed high values of 1.9–2.7 GPa and 554–635 GPa, respectively.

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119160

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Scopus

Language：English   Publisher：Molecules  

Analysis of the heavy fractions in crude oil has been important in petroleum industries. It is well known that heavy fractions such as vacuum gas oils (VGOs) include heteroatoms, of which sulfur and nitrogen are often characterized in many cases. We conducted research regarding the molecular species analysis of VGOs. Further refine processes using VGOs are becoming important when considering carbon recycling. In this work, we attempted to classify compounds within VGOs provided by Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research. Two VGOs were priorly distillated from Kuwait Export crude and Lower Fars crude. Quantitative analysis was performed mainly using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). MALDI-TOF-MS has been developed for analyzing high-molecular-weight compounds such as polymer and biopolymers. As matrix selection is one of the most important aspects in MALDI-TOFMS, the careful selection of a matrix was firstly evaluated, followed by analysis using a Kendrick plot with nominal mass series (z*). The objective was to evaluate if this work could provide an effective classification of VGOs compounds. The Kendrick plot is a well-known method for processing mass data. The difference in the Kendrick mass defect (KMD) between CnH2n−14S and CnH2n−20O is only 0.0005 mass units, which makes it difficult in general to distinguish these compounds. However, since the z* value showed effective differences during the classification of these compounds, qualitative analysis could be possible. The analysis using nominal mass series showed the potential to be used as an effective method in analyzing heavy fractions.

DOI： 10.3390/molecules29112508

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PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119160

Language：English   Publisher：The Carbon Society of Japan  

<p>In the pursuit of carbon neutrality, marine biomass (MB) has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional carbon sources. This study endeavors to establish an economically viable pathway to derive porous carbon materials from MB. Simple pyrolysis of MB resulted in a MB-based carbon (MBC) characterized by a negligible open-pore structure. However, subsequent water washing transformed it into a porous material. N₂ adsorption tests revealed that the pyrolysis temperature and washing method substantially influenced the specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume of the MBC. While the catalytic activation function of elements inherent in MB, such as Na, Mg, K, Ca, and Cl, rendered MBC inherently porous, these elements also induced an initial pore-blocking effect that concealed the pores. Subsequent washing with water nearly eradicated Na, K, and Cl from MBC, making a number of the concealed pores accessible. Furthermore, a CO₂ aeration washing method effectively eliminated Mg and Ca elements from MBC, resulting in a substantial increase in SSA (>1000 m²/g) without the need for additional activation processes. Based on an understanding of the dual role of the elements naturally present in MB, this study demonstrates a potential strategy for environmentally friendly and cost-effective porous carbon production.</p>

DOI： 10.7209/carbon.030102

CiNii Research

Publisher：Carbon  

Pyrolysis of marine biomass (MB) to create marine biomass-derived carbon materials (MBCs) for industry is a sustainable solution. In this study, we systematically examined pyrolysis processes and performed elemental composition analyses of MB and MBC. The results revealed that MBC contained 12.5–25.5 mass% of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs). As the pyrolysis temperature increased, some of these AAEMs underwent physical phase changes. Subsequently, we applied CO2 aeration washing for the first time or low-concentrated acetic acid washing to eliminate AAEMs from MBC, reducing potential hazards in the future industrial application. Characterization results suggested that both post-processes effectively removed AAEMs from MBC, reducing the average content of Na and K to 0 mass%, Ca to 1.4 mass%, and Mg to 1.9 mass%. The Cl content was also reduced to 0.1 mass%. After removing AAEMs, the final carbon content of MBCs was as high as 90.8 mass% (dry ash free basis) with a minimum ash content of 6.4 mass% (dry basis) according to ultimate analysis. Comparison with commercial coal products showed that carbon contents were superior and ash contents were lower than those of most coal samples, suggesting that the treated MBCs are of sufficient quality for the carbon cycle industry.

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118570

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Scopus

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118570

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： DOI:10.7209/carbon.030102

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Society of Fiber Science and Technology, Japan  

DOI： 10.2115/fiber.80.p-191

Scopus

CiNii Research

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118395

Web of Science

Publisher：Carbon  

Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) afford long cycle life and high-power density by dielectric ion adsorption and desorption on the surface of porous materials. However, high potential charges/discharges lower the capacitance of EDLCs. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated the large pore-size effect of activated carbons (ACs) on the electric double layer capacitances at various voltages based on a hierarchical domain model from a structural point of view. ACs with highly developed microporous and mesoporous (2–4 nm) structures were prepared using KOH activation. The AC with small amount of mesopores showed a specific capacitance of 30.35 F/g at a voltage of 2.7 V, where it significantly lowered to 20.93 F/g at a high voltage of 3.3 V. Meanwhile, the highly microporous AC with abundant mesopores had a higher specific capacitance (40.77 F/g at 2.7 V to 38.22 F/g at 3.3 V). 19F-NMR results indicate that the amounts of solvated ions in the mesopores significantly increased in all the ACs after charging at a higher voltage. The mitigation of the high-voltage capacitance drop might occur because of the mesopore structure that functions as a buffer space for the electric double layer.

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118346

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Scopus

Language：English   Publisher：The Carbon Society of Japan  

<p>The structure of carbon materials and their precursors can be studied by magic-angle spinning solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-SS-NMR). The state and structure of adsorbed and/or intercalated molecules and ions on/in the carbon materials can also be determined using this method. Eddy currents induced by the magnetic field during measurements cause a temperature increase in conducting carbon materials. The effects of various physical and chemical characteristics of the carbon materials on this temperature increase were investigated. The oxygen content was found to be the dominant factor determing the temperature increase, with a higher oxygen content giving a smaller temperature increase. This correlation enables a rough estimate of the temperature increase in carbon materials prior to performing MAS-SS-NMR measurements.</p>

DOI： 10.7209/carbon.020304

CiNii Research

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118346

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118395

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry  

Spinnable mesophase pitch (SMP) is an important graphitizable precursor for high-performance carbon materials. Generally, SMPs show fully developed anisotropic texture, and the pitches contain isotropic contents more than 30 wt%, which plays the role of solvent for the mesogenic components in the lyotropic liquid crystalline system of the pitch. Here, we prepared SMP by blending the mesogenic components of AR mesophase pitch with various isotropic pitches to evaluate the usability of isotropic pitches as solvents. The mesogenic components were prepared by tetrahydrofuran fractionation of AR mesophase pitch. Isotropic pitches with a softening point of 140–220 °C were prepared separately by simple heat treatment of slurry oil (SO) and coal tar pitch (CTP). SMPs were prepared by thermal blending of the above mentioned mesogenic components and isotropic pitches in various blending ratios. CTP-derived isotropic pitch showed better solvent performance than a SO-derived pitch in terms of anisotropic texture. SMP prepared by blending of the mesogenic components and CTP-derived isotropic pitch with a softening point of 180 °C at the ratio of 4/6 (w/w) showed almost 100% anisotropic texture; the carbon fiber derived from the pitch showed tensile strength of 2.7 GPa and Young's modulus of 470 GPa after graphitization at 2,800 °C.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.12.039

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Scopus

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Carbon Letters  

Mesophase pitch is a unique graphitizable material that has been used as an important precursor for highly graphitic carbon materials. In the current study, we propose to consider a spinnable mesophase pitch as a lyotropic liquid crystalline solution composed of solvent components and liquid crystalline components, so-called mesogen or mesogenic components. Among mesophase pitches, the supermesophase pitch is defined as a mesohpase pitch with 100% anisotropy, and can only be observed in pitches with a proportion of mesogenic components exceeding the threshold concentration (TC). We also examined the critical limit of AR synthetic pitch and 5 experimental spinnable mesophase pitches (SMPs). Then, we examined the effect of the solvent component on the minimum required amount of mesogenic component using a selected solvent component instead of their own solvent components. AR pitch showed 100% anisotropy with the least amount of its mesogenic component, THF insoluble components, of 60 wt.%. The solvent component, THF soluble components, extracted from AR-pitch, which has a molecular weight pattern similar to that of the original material but more amount of naphthenic alkyl chains, showed better solvent functionality than those of other THF solubles (THFSs) from other as-prepared spinnable mesophase pitches. This is why a lower amount of AR THFS can produce a supermesophase pitch when combined with the THFI (mesogenic components) of other experimental mesophase pitches. As a result of the current analysis, we define the mesogens as molecules that not only readily stack, but also maintain stacking structures in a fused state in the solution. The solvent component, on the other hand, is defined as molecules with a structure that readily decomposes in a fused state in the solution.

DOI： 10.1007/s42823-022-00453-4

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Scopus

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Carbon Society of Japan  

<p>This review explores recent research regarding mesophase pitch (MP). Spinnable mesophase pitch (SMP) was used as a model pitch for MP in all experiments. We explain some phenomenological results of the lyotropic liquid crystalline properties of the SMP, which show that the MP behaves as a typical lyotropic liquid crystal. The mesogenic and solvent components of SMP are defined. We define the threshold concentration (TC) as the minimum amount of mesogenic component necessary for SMP to achieve 100 vol% anisotropy. We also report the TCs of various SMPs and discuss the effects of the solvent component. Concerning the identity of the mesogenic component, we discuss quantitative correlations between the size of the layered molecular stacking units and the anisotropic content of the SMP. Research has shown that a layered molecular stacking unit larger than a specific size corresponds to the mesogenic component of the MP. We discuss a novel method for the manufacture of SMPs using our understanding of MP as a lyotropic liquid crystal, which comprises thermal mixing of optimal amounts of the mesogenic and solvent components that were prepared separately under different conditions. This method enables the properties of each component to be optimized without involving a costly hydrogenation process. Finally, we discuss how this approach can be used to increase SMP yield by modifying the contents of the anisotropic mesogenic and solvent components.</p>

DOI： 10.7209/carbon.020105

CiNii Research

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Institute of Energy  

<p>The use of biomass is being considered as a means to achieve carbon neutrality, but little progress has been made in the use of marine biomass. One of the reasons is the high ash content. In this presentation, we report on the analysis results of organic and inorganic components of two large seaweeds, Undaria pinnatifida (Wakame) and luminaria (Kombu), using solid-state NMR and other analytical techniques in order to investigate the chemical form of ash components.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jiesekitanronbun.59.0_74

CiNii Research

Language：English   Publisher：The Japan Institute of Energy  

<p>As a new sustainable material resource, marine biomass (MB) is recently gathering attentions due to its high growing rate. Abundant hetero-elements contained in MB, however, would strongly influence on the pyrolytic behavior and thus physicochemical properties of the MB-based carbon materials (MBC). This study systematically investigated the pyrolysis characteristics and the facile hetero-elements removal method of MBC.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jiesekitanronbun.59.0_76

CiNii Research

Publisher：Carbon Letters  

A conventional porous carbon is still a very promising material for the removal of gaseous pollutants because of its abundant surface functional groups and a high specific surface area. Here, we prepared an environment-friendly uniform N-rich narrow micropore activated carbon, for the removal of formaldehyde, based on steam activation and N-rich with chitin as the starting material. A sample carbonized at 500 °C and steam activated at 800 °C (CAC800) showed a reasonable yield (55%) with uniform and narrow micropores without mesopores but having a balanced nitrogen functionality. CAC800 possesses outstanding formaldehyde removal capabilities under both dry and wet (humidity 45%) conditions. In addition, when compared with commercial activated carbon materials, we clearly demonstrated that the existence of high nitrogen content with uniform and narrow micropores simultaneously removed formaldehyde, effectively.

DOI： 10.1007/s42823-022-00379-x

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Carbon  

The correlation of the anisotropic texture and (002) the molecular stacking property of spinnable mesophase pitch (SMP) was closely examined. SMP was found to be a specific solution consisting of mesogenic and solvent components, and the mesogenic component was composed of a cluster unit of (002) stacked molecular sheets. The anisotropic texture of SMP was strongly correlated with the height of (002) molecular stacking. When the concentration ratio of the mesogenic component to the solvent component was higher than the threshold concentration, the SMP always had 100 vol% anisotropic texture and a similar or larger number of stacked (002) sheets compared with its mesogenic component in both the solid and molten states. The solvent component, in both lamellar and hexagonal phases, assisted orientation of mesogenic molecules and rearrangement of mesogenic cluster units, thereby inducing a higher degree of graphitization than that of the solvent-free mesophase pitch. A schematic phase model of SMP was proposed based on a lyotropic liquid crystalline system and a hierarchical domain model.

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2022.02.062

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Scopus

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN  

次世代の会　第8回定例会レポート

DOI： 10.7209/tanso.2022.52

CiNii Research

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1246/bcsj.20210323

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：RSC Advances  

Activated carbon is a suitable adsorbent for adsorption heat pumps (AHPs) with ethanol refrigerants. Although chemically activated carbon with highly developed pore structures exhibits good ethanol adsorption, the associated high production costs inhibit its practical application as an AHP adsorbent. Moreover, although physical activation can produce inexpensive activated carbon, the limited pore development limits the ethanol uptake. Recently, we developed a pressurized physical activation method that can produce activated carbon with a well-developed pore structure and characteristic pore size distribution. In this study, we investigated the applicability of the pressurized physically activated carbon as an adsorbent in activated carbon-ethanol AHP systems. Because of the large number of pressurization-induced pores of appropriate size, the pressurized physically activated carbon showed effective ethanol uptake comparable with that of chemically activated carbon on a weight basis. Furthermore, on a volume basis, the pressurized physically activated carbon, with a high bulk density, showed much higher effective ethanol uptake than chemically activated carbon. These results confirm the potential of the pressurized physically activated carbon as a relatively inexpensive high-performance adsorbent for AHP systems with ethanol refrigerants. This journal is

DOI： 10.1039/d1ra08395c

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PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2021.08.012

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.egyr.2021.09.003

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.07.014

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2021.07.061

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： DOI:10.1007/s42823-020-00204-3

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120429

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/app11020678

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228903

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.egyr.2020.11.038

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c02106

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A research on the preparation of Carbon Waste Powder, CWP, was conducted and made from carbon rod waste which was extracted from used zinc-carbon batteries. This research was an effort to over-come environmental problem caused by battery waste by converting into adsorbent for methyl orange (MO) that frequently used by textile industries. The prepared powder was then analyzed to understand its characteristic peaks, crystallinity, and to compare the properties with other carbonaceous forms, i.e. a commercial Carbon Paper (CP), and a commercial meso- carbon micro-beads (MCMB). The analysis found that CWP is dominated by graphitic carbon. An adsorption experiment was then conducted to study their adsorption ability to methyl orange solution. The result found that those three carbona-ceous materials have the ability to adsorb methyl orange with different activities. MCMB has the high-est adsorption capacity of 0.197 mg.g^-1. Meanwhile, CWP and CP show adsorption capacity of 0.066 mg.g^-1 and 0.062 mg.g^-1, respectively. Methyl orange adsorption on CWP and CP were under second or-der, which means the adsorption could be four times faster as the MO solution doubled. Moreover, the rate constant of MO adsorption on CWP is 8×10^-4 min^-1, which was higher than the rate constant of MO adsorption on CP. It confirmed that the CWP can be used as a promising adsorbent for dye waste wa-ter.

DOI： 10.9767/bcrec.15.1.5148.66-73

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.11.082

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The 18th century industrial revolution dramatically changed people's lives and allowed for rapid growth of the global economy. However, since that time, the mass consumption of fossil fuels has resulted in the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere, creating a greenhouse effect and global warming. In turn, global warming poses a serious threat to the workings of society. Thus, the immobilization of emitted CO₂ and the development of effective CO₂ utilization technologies are currently being investigated toward the development of a sustainable society. This study proposes the manufacture of carbon nanofiber (CNF) materials using CO₂ gas as a carbon source. It is expected that this technology will be valuable as a means of recapturing CO₂. We report herein the effects of CO₂ on CNF growth using CO₂ and hydrocarbon gases on simple catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) catalysts, including Fe, Ni, and Co. Four factors were examined: The effectiveness of the catalyst, the reaction temperature, the CO₂ concentration, and the specific hydrocarbons supplied in the feed gas. Use of these techniques will enable one to expect (1) future utilization of exhaust gas emitted from thermal power stations and factories as a carbon source and (2) the future possibility of directly converting CO₂ to CNF by utilizing the heat given off by emission from factories and other thermal power-generating facilities as a heat source in CNF synthesis, as well as the future possibility of proposing an effective CO₂ utilization system that will be revolutionary in its impact.

DOI： 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b07253

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Pure, highly chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), with a 63 wt % of chlorine, showed a unique-thermal-pyrolytic-phenomenon that meant it could be converted to carbon material through solid-phase carbonisation rather than liquid-phase carbonisation. The CPVC began to decompose at 270 °C, with a rapid loss in mass due to dehydrochlorination and novel aromatisation and polycondensation up to 400 °C. In this study, we attempted to prepare carbon fibre (CF) without oxidative stabilisation, using the aforementioned CPVC as a novel precursor. Through the processes of solution spinning and solid-state carbonisation, the spun CPVC fibre was directly converted to CF, with a carbonisation yield of 26.2 wt %. The CPVC-derived CF exhibited a relatively smooth surface; however, it still demonstrated a low mechanical performance. This was because the spun fibre was not stretched during the heat treatment. Tensile strength, Young's modulus and elongation values of 590 ± 84 MPa, 50 ± 8 GPa, and 1.2 ± 0.2%, respectively, were obtained from the CPVC spun fibre, with an average diameter of 19.4 μm, following carbonisation at 1600 °C for 5 min.

DOI： 10.3390/polym12020328

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The toxic nature of acetaldehyde renders its removal from a wide range of materials highly desirable. Removal of low-concentration acetaldehyde (a group 1 carcinogenic volatile organic compound) using an adsorbent of cellulose-based activated carbon fiber modified by amine functional group (A@CACF-H) is proposed, using 2 ppm of acetaldehyde balanced with N2/O2 (79/21% v/v) observed under continuous flow, with a total flow rate of 100 mL/min over 50 mg of A@CACF-H. The effective removal of the targeted acetaldehyde is achieved by introducing the functionalized amine at optimized content. The removal mechanism of A@CACF-H is elucidated using two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2D-GC TOF-MS), indicating the efficacy of the proposed acetaldehyde removal method.

DOI： 10.3390/app10010025

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In this study, spinnable isotropic pitches (IPs) were produced by pyrolytic oils of biomass and polystyrene (PS) with ethylene bottom oil (EBO or pyrolysis fuel oil: PFO) through bromination/dehydrobromination reaction. To develop spinnable pitches, four different tars were produced and hybrid pitches were synthesized using different PFO blending ratios and bromine amounts. Results showed that PFO improves spinnability and pitch yield considerably. Furthermore, pitches with the same softening point (S.P.) were produced from different precursors and spinning, stabilization and carbonization were performed to produce general-performance carbon fiber (CF). In order to explain the structure-property relationship of the products, mechanical, morphological and chemical characterization were done by TOF-MS, elemental analysis, ¹³C-NMR and SEM-EDX. Thus, a comparison between the characteristics of CFs was made disregarding the S.P.s and more insight into the effect of EBO was gained. Mechanical properties of CFs found to be reasonable, considering typical tensile values of IP-based CFs.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118025

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Oxidation-stabilization using pressurized air flows of 0.5 and 1.0 MPa could successfully shorten the total stabilization time to less than 60 min for manufacturing mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers without deteriorating mechanical performance. Notably, the carbonized fiber heat-treated at 1000 °C for 30 min, which was oxidative-stabilized at 260 °C without soaking time with a heating rate of 2.0 °C/min using 100 mL/min of pressurized air flow of 0.5 MPa (total stabilization time: 55 min), showed excellent tensile strength and Young0s modulus of 3.4 and 177 GPa, respectively, which were higher than those of carbonized fiber oxidation-stabilized at 270 °C without soaking time with a heating rate of 0.5 °C/min using 100 mL/min of atmospheric air flow (total stabilization time: 300 min). Activation energies for oxidation reactions in stabilization using pressurized air flows were much lower than those of oxidation reactions using atmospheric air flow because of the higher oxidation diffusion from the outer surface into the center part of pitch fibers for the use of the pressurized air flows of 0.5 and 1.0 MPa than the atmospheric one. The higher oxygen diffusivities resulted in a more homogeneous distribution of oxygen weight uptake across the transverse section of mesophase pitch fibers, and allowed the improvement of the mechanical properties.

DOI： 10.3390/polym11121911

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Better understanding of the changes in composition and molecular structures of atmospheric residue (AR) during hydrotreating is important for improving the hydrotreating performance of AR. Hydrotreating of an AR was carried out in a series of fixed bed reactors loaded with hydrodemetallization (HDM) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts. The AR and its products were fractionated into saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) and analyzed by using the gel permeation chromatography with an ultraviolet detector (GPC-UV) and with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (GPC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C NMR), and electron spin resonance (ESR). Hydrotreating not only decreased the contents of S, N, V, Ni, resins, and asphaltenes, but also changed the composition, structure, and distribution of the remaining resins and asphaltenes as well as the remaining S, N, V, and Ni compounds in AR products. Almost all metals (V and Ni) existed in both resin (47%) and asphaltene (53%) fractions of AR, whereas in the final hydrotreated product, more than 84% of the remaining metals, which are considered as the most refractory metal compounds, were in the asphaltenes, especially those with larger molecular size. The metal compounds in resins were easier to be removed. The low HDM reactivity of the remaining metal compounds can be attributed to their larger molecular size, which inhibited their approach to the active sites of the catalysts.

DOI： 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b02692

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

It is important to understand the interaction of vanadyl complexes in atmospheric residue (AR) with their matrixes at different conditions for demetallization processes of AR and heavy oil. An ESR study in rotational mobility of vanadyl complexes in AR was conducted at a temperature range from 20 to 170 °C with and without 1-methylnaphthalene as solvent. A complete transformation of the ESR spectrum from anisotropy to isotropy was observed at a temperature of 170 °C with decreasing AR concentration in 1-methylnaphthalene from 100 to 20 wt %, which corresponds to a transformation of the vanadyl complexes from a rigid status constrained by the surrounding matrixes to a free status. Both increase in the temperature and decrease in the AR concentration are beneficial to such transformation. The study showed that dependency of the rotational mobility of vanadyl complexes on the temperature and concentration can be classified into three domains: isotropic, transitional, and anisotropic domains. In the anisotropic domain, effects of the temperature and concentration on the B parameter can be estimated quantitatively through a model with a standard error of 0.0351. According to this study, a B contour map as a function of temperature and concentration was obtained, which provides a deeper and more comprehensive insight into the constraint on the rotational mobility of vanadyl complexes by their surrounding matrixes in AR and thus is useful for improving the demetallization process of AR and heavy oil.

DOI： 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b04808

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

Pore size and pore size distribution (PSD) govern effective adsorption amount, which is one of requisite properties as adsorbents in the practical applications. Although activated carbon (AC) offers remarkably high specific surface area, tailoring its PSD according to certain application, for example, narrowing the PSD, shall further enhance its superior adsorption performances. In this study, narrow PSD was challenged by attempting two-step activation process under various conditions/mixing methods using once-activated carbon as a starting material. AC with narrow PSD was successfully obtained by both slowing the heating rate and adopting solution impregnation method for second activation of the once-activated starting sample. Such expected effect was most probably attributed to more uniform distribution of activating agent on both external and internal carbon surfaces of the microporous starting sample.

DOI： 10.1063/1.5098173

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Pitch precursors affording excellent spinnability, high-level oxidation-resistance, and good carbonization yields were prepared by bromination–dehydrobromination of various ratios of pyrolyzed fuel oil and coal tar pitch. The pitches exhibited spin-nabilities that were much better than those of pitches prepared via simple distillation. A pitch prepared using a 1:2 ratio of fuel oil and coal tar pitch exhibited the best tensile strength. Pitch fibers of diameter 8.9 ± 0.1 μm were stabilized at 270 °C without soaking time after heating at a rate of 0.5 °C/min and carbonized at 1100 °C for 1 h after heating at 5 °C/min. The resulting carbon fibers exhibited a tensile strength, elongation, Young’s modulus, and average diameter of 1700 ± 170 MPa, 1.6 ± 0.1%, 106 ± 37 GPa, and 7.1 ± 0.2 μm, respectively.

DOI： 10.1007/s42823-019-00020-4

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Hard carbon derived from green Eucalyptus trees from Ethiopia was developed to enhance 1st cycle Coulombic efficiency as the anode for SIBs. Different heat treatment temperatures were applied for preparing hard carbon from Eucalyptus wood to form suitable disordered carbon structure, interlayer space, and effective pores. Hard carbon heat-treated at 1400 °C indicated the highest electrochemical properties such as discharge capacities and 1st cycle Coulombic efficiency. Especially, hard carbons heat treated above 1200 °C indicated above 80% of 1st cycle Coulombic efficiency which is relatively high.

DOI： 10.1246/cl.190230

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Urea/nitric acid co-impregnated pitch-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were examined as adsorbents for the removal of low-concentration formaldehyde gas from dry and humid atmospheres. Urea, which is a harmless and environmentally friendly primary amine, was selected as an effective reagent to capture formaldehyde and nitric acid was used to promote the oxidation of formaldehyde into formic acid, which inhibits the liberation of formaldehyde even under humid atmospheres. The optimized urea/nitric acid co-impregnated ACF showed a 110-fold (0.72 mg/g to 79.28 mg/g) improvement in its formaldehyde removal capability as compared to that of pristine ACF at 40% humidity. The formaldehyde removal mechanism is proposed based on careful analysis and quantification of the inlet and outlet gases. Further, the optimized sample facilitates complete removal of formaldehyde from ambient air at humidity of 11–88% and temperatures of 3–26.9 °C over 24 h, whereas only 81.5% formaldehyde removal is achieved with pristine ACF under the same conditions.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.07.036

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Spinnable mesophase pitch with high pitch yield of more than 50 wt% was successfully prepared using direct bitumen coal extracted fraction through the three-step process of hydrogenation, N₂ blowing heat treatment, and thin-layer evaporation. The prepared mesophase pitch was smoothly spun to the fibrous form and could be converted into mesophase pitch-based carbonized and graphitized fibers through the usual oxidative stabilization, carbonization, and graphitization. The prepared mesophase pitch based carbon fibers showed typical random transversal structures with mechanical performances, tensile strengths of 1.83 GPa and 3.00 GPa, Young's moduli of 133 GPa and 450 GPa, and elongation properties of 1.37% and 0.68% after heat treatments at 1000 °C for 30 min and 2800 °C for 10 min, respectively. The relatively high-molecular-weight and well-developed polynuclear aromatic molecular structure of hypercoal is the likely reason for the high mesophase pitch yield. The meaning of each preparation processes, hydrogenation, N₂ blowing heat treatment and thin layered evaporation, was discussed in detail. We anticipate that the success of high-yield mesophase pitch manufacturing using hypercoal as raw material will be an important key to innovatively reduce the production cost of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber.

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.11.082

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Adsorption and desorption of difluoromethane (HFC-32) onto newly developed phenol resin based adsorbent (SAC-2) have been measured experimentally for the isotherm temperatures ranging from 30 °C to 130 °C and pressure up to 3 MPa. A magnetic suspension balance based adsorption measurement unit is used to measure adsorption uptake gravimetrically. The presented SAC-2/HFC-32 pair has adsorption uptake as high as 2.23 kg_ref/kg_ads (excess adsorption) and 2.34 kg_ref/kg_ads (absolute adsorption) at 30 °C and 1.67 MPa. To the best of our knowledge, it is the highest HFC-32 adsorption capacity onto any adsorbent available in the literature. The experimental data of adsorption/desorption isotherms show that there is no hysteresis for the studied pair. The data have been fitted with Tóth; Dubinin–Astakhov (D–A); and Guggenheim, Anderson, De-Boer (GAB) adsorption isotherm models. The parameters of adsorption isotherm models are optimized by nonlinear optimization technique. The D–A model fits the experimental data precisely as compared to other models. In addition, numerical values of isosteric heat of adsorption have also been extracted by means of Clausius–Clapeyron equation using adsorption isotherm models.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.07.097

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In order to better understand the effects of composition and properties of atmospheric residues (AR) on their reactivities for hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), hydrodevanadium (HDV), hydrodenickel (HDNi), hydrodeasphaltene (HDAsp), and hydrodeconradson-carbon-residue (HDCCR) in the hydrotreating process, analysis and characterization of three ARs (AA-AR, AB-AR, and AM-AR) from Arabia crudes were conducted, and their hydrotreating reactivities were evaluated in a pilot unit over a catalyst system at 370 °C under a H₂ pressure of 13.5 MPa by comparing the conversions of the various species and their rate constants on each catalyst. The overall reactivity of various species decreases in the order of vanadium species > sulfur species ≈ asphaltenes > nickel species > Conradson carbon residue precursor > nitrogen species, regardless of the sources of the ARs. Reactivities of the three ARs in HDS, HDV, and HDAsp increase in the order of AB-AR < AA-AR < AM-AR, while reactivities of the three ARs in HDNi, HDCCR, and HDN are similar. The higher nitrogen and asphaltenes concentrations and larger density of AR have strong and negative effects on the HDS, HDV, and HDAsp reactivities but no significant effect on the HDN, HDNi, and HDCCR reactivities. The B parameter obtained from electron spin resonance analysis can be a good index to predict the HDV reactivity of AR.

DOI： 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b01150

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Available online 05-JUL-2014 This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). <The entire ‘Reason’ text must be identical to that in the XML version (Box 6)> This article was retracted at the request of the Editor. Article in Ultrasonics Sonochemistry which is guilty of self-plagiarism is “Size-controlled spherical polymer nanoparticles: Synthesis with tandem acoustic emulsification followed by soap-free emulsion polymerization and one-step fabrication of colloidal crystal films of various colors” < http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S135041771300312X>The above paper is essentially a duplicate of an original Article in “Size-Controlled Synthesis of Polymer Nanoparticles with Tandem Acoustic Emulsification Followed by Soap-Free Emulsion Polymerization” ACS Macro Lett., 2013, 2 (6), pp 482-484, 10.1021/mz4001817.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.01.011

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Electrooxidative copolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxithiophene (EDOT) and benzene from a mixture of the monomers with concentrations of 5mM EDOT and 5M benzene produced copolymer films on an anode surface. The formation of copolymer films and characterization of their electrochemical properties was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultravioletvisible absorption (UVvis) spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and solid-state carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13CNMR) spectroscopy measurements. Furthermore, the copolymerization ratio could be controlled by selection of the oxidation potential applied for copolymerization.

DOI： 10.1246/bcsj.20170319

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

An isotropic pitch precursor for fabricating carbon fibres was prepared by co-carbonization of ethylene bottom oil (EBO) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Various pre-treatments of EBO and PVC, and a high heating rate of 3 °C/min with no holding time, were evaluated for their effects on the oxidative stabilization process and the mechanical stability of the resulting fibres. Our stabilization process enhanced the volatilization, oxidative reaction and decomposition properties of the precursor pitch, while the addition of PVC both decreased the onset time and accelerated the oxidative reaction. Aliphatic carbon groups played a critical role in stabilization. Microstructural characterization indicated that these were first oxidised to carbon–oxygen single bonds and then converted to carbon–oxygen double bonds. Due to the higher heating rate and lack of a holding step during processing, the resulting thermoplastic fibers did not completely convert to thermoset materials, allowing partially melted, adjacent fibres to fuse. Fiber surfaces were smooth and homogeneous. Of the various methods evaluated herein, carbon fibers derived from pressure-treated EBO and PVC exhibited the highest tensile strength. This work shows that enhancing the naphthenic component of a pitch precursor through the co-carbonization of pre-treated EBO with PVC improves the oxidative properties of the resulting carbon fibers.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.07.008

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Although recent experimental studies have demonstrated that doping of nanoporous carbons with nitrogen is an effective strategy for highly diluted formaldehyde capture, the impact of carbon surface chemistry and the pore size on formaldehyde capture at ∼ppm concentrations is still poorly understood and controversial. This work presents a combined theoretical and experimental study on dynamic formaldehyde adsorption on pure and oxidized nanocarbons. We find using Monte Carlo simulations and confirm experimentally that cooperative effects of pore size and oxygen surface chemistry have profound impacts on the breakthrough time of formaldehyde. Molecular modeling of formaldehyde adsorption on pure and oxidized model nanoporous carbons at ∼ppm pressures reveals that high adsorption of formaldehyde ppm concentrations in narrow ultramicropores <6 Å decorated with phenolic and carboxylic groups is correlated with long formaldehyde breakthrough times measured in the columns packed with specially prepared oxidized activated carbon fiber adsorbents with the pore size of ∼5 Å.

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.08.024

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.05.086

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b03275

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b03279

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Activated carbons (ACs) prepared by chemical activation commonly show higher specific surface areas and higher yields than those prepared by physical activation. In this study, the differences in the pore development mechanisms between physical and chemical activation processes for AC preparation were studied from a structural point of view, based on the microdomain structure model. Phenol resin-based spherical carbon was used as the starting material. AC preparation via potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation (chemical activation) did not induce noticeable changes in the particle or microdomain sizes, despite the abundant development of pores. On the other hand, ACs produced via steam activation (physical activation) showed remarkable reductions in both particle and microdomain sizes, depending on the activation temperature. Considering the differences in activation yield and degree of developed porosity between chemical and physical activations, we concluded that, in the case of KOH activation, pore development homogeneously progressed overall for all microdomains consisting of carbon particles without apparent morphological change; however, steam activation caused inhomogeneous gasification from the outer surface of the carbon particles and microdomains. For this reason, KOH-ACs showed higher yield and superior pore development.

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.11.082

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Influence of pore size and surface functionality of activated carbons on liquid-phase molecular adsorption behaviors was carefully investigated both in terms of adsorption capacity and kinetics using indole and amylase as model adsorptive bio-materials by individual single-component experiments to improve adsorptive removal efficiency and selectivity of body wastes. Activated carbon fibers having narrow pore size of about 0.65 nm showed the highest adsorption capability of indole per unit surface area. From the point of view of the adsorption rate, however, a little bit wider micropores of about 0.70 nm considered to be preferable. It was also confirmed that a presence of oxygen-containing surface functional groups induces diffusional inhibitions of indole molecules to deeper pore spaces, giving rise to a lowering both of adsorption capacity and rate of indole. On the other hand, amylase adsorption amount was limited for microporous carbons. Therefore, as for oral applications to selectively remove the wastes in the body such as indole but not for useful molecules such as amylase, the activated carbons having abundant micropores of about 0.7 nm in size and hydrophobic surfaces were found to be suitable from the individual single-component experiments.

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A spinnable pitch was developed from the tetrahydrofuran-soluble fractions (THFS) of hyper coal (HPC) and used to prepare carbon fibers. THFS-derived pitch from bituminous coal-derived HPC showed excellent spinnability and the obtained carbon fibers had a tensile strength of over 800. MPa with a diameter of 13. μm following heat treatment at 800. °C for 5. min. Thus, HPC was shown to be a useful alternative precursor for the preparation of low-cost and general-performance carbon fibers.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiec.2015.11.026

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Electroresponsive structurally colored materials composed of ordered arrays of polyaniline@poly(methyl methacrylate) (PANI@PMMA) core-shell nanoparticles have been successfully prepared. The core-shell nanoparticles were synthesized by deposition of PANI shells on the surfaces of the PMMA cores by the oxidative polymerization of anilinium chloride. Ordered arrays were then fabricated by using the fluidic cell method. Because the ordered arrays and the PANI shells generate structural and electrochromic colors, respectively, these core-shell colloidal crystals exhibited colors resulting from the combined effects of these materials. The crystal colors depended greatly on the size of PANI@PMMA particles and could also be varied by the application of a voltage. The electrochromic colors of these arrays were found to be quite different from those exhibited by pure PANI films prepared by electrochemical oxidation.

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Event date： 2024.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2024.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2024.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2024.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Venue：岐阜大学   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.12

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：メキシコ   Country：Mexico  

Event date： 2023.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.5

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.5

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.5

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.5

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.5

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.12

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.12

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.7

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.12

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.12

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.12

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.12

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.12

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.12

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.12

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.6

Language：English  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.6

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2019.6

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2018.12

Language：Japanese  

Venue：ミクニワールドスタジアム北九州   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2018.9

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2018.7

Language：Japanese  

Country：Spain  

Event date： 2018.7

Language：Japanese  

Country：Spain  

Event date： 2018.7

Language：Japanese  

Country：Spain  

Event date： 2018.7

Language：Japanese  

Country：Spain  

Event date： 2018.7

Language：Japanese  

Country：Spain  

Event date： 2017.7

Language：English  

Venue：Melbourne   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2017.7

Language：Japanese  

Country：Australia  

Event date： 2017.7

Language：Japanese  

Country：Australia  

Event date： 2017.7

Language：English  

Country：Australia  

Event date： 2017.7

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Country：Australia  

Event date： 2016.7

Language：English  

Venue：Pennstate   Country：United States  

Event date： 2016.7

Language：English  

Venue：Pennstate   Country：United States  

Event date： 2016.7

Language：English  

Venue：Pennstate   Country：United States  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：富山大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：大阪府立大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京工業大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：八王子セミナーハウス   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：神奈川工科大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京工業大学   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Honolulu, Hawaii, USA   Country：United States  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：横浜国立大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：神奈川大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：神奈川大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：神奈川大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：九州大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：九州大学   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Nagoya University   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Nagoya University   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Nagoya University   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Nagoya University   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：Keio University   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：慶応義塾大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：慶応義塾大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：慶応義塾大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：浜松アクトシティー   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：浜松アクトシティー   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：ベルサール神田   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：ベルサール神田   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：ベルサール神田   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：ベルサール神田   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：ルミエール府中   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Mainz   Country：Germany  

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Prague   Country：Czech Republic  

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Hawaii   Country：United States  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京工業大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京工業大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京工業大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京工業大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：明治大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：明治大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：明治大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：立命館大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：立命館大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：立命館大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東北大学川内キャンパス   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東北大学川内キャンパス   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：メルパルク大阪   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：岡山大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：岡山大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京工業大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：タワーホール船堀   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：信州大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：信州大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：信州大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：大阪府立大学 I-siteなんば   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：Taipei   Country：Taiwan, Province of China  

Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：Nara   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：kyoto univ.   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：名古屋大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：関西大学千里山キャンパス   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：関西大学千里山キャンパス   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：関西大学千里山キャンパス   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：関西大学千里山キャンパス   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：関西大学千里山キャンパス   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京国際フォーラム   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京国際フォーラム   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京国際フォーラム   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京国際フォーラム   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京国際フォーラム   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京国際フォーラム   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：長良川国際会議場   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：、長良川国際会議場   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：北海道大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：北海道大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：北海道大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：北海道大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Venue：北海道大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：タワーホール船堀   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：タワーホール船堀   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：タワーホール船堀   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：タワーホール船堀   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：タワーホール船堀   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：秋田市にぎわい交流館AU多目的ホール   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：秋田市にぎわい交流館AU多目的ホール   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：秋田市にぎわい交流館AU多目的ホール   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：埼玉大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：新潟大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：横浜国立大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：横浜国立大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：横浜国立大学   Country：Japan  

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：日本大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：日本大学   Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Country：Japan  

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：横浜国立大学   Country：Japan  

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：100

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Number of participants：1,000