Language：English   Publisher：Clinical Anatomy  

Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery is increasingly prevalent, with its scope expanding from pathogens in the midline region to those in the paramedian region. Maximizing anterior sphenoidectomy is important for the median approach, and lateralizing the pterygopalatine fossa is crucial for the paramedian approach. Maximizing the surgical corridor in the nasal cavity and minimizing damage to neurovascular structures are vital for establishing a surgical field with minimal bleeding, ensuring safe, precise, and gentle procedures. However, the relationship between the maxillofacial and skull base bones in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery is difficult to understand because these bones are intricately articulated, making it challenging to visualize each bone's outline. Understanding important bones and their related neurovascular structures is essential for all skull base surgeons to maximize the surgical corridor and minimize iatrogenic injury to neurovascular structures. This study aimed to elucidate the role of the palatine bone from a microsurgical anatomical perspective. Three dry skulls were used to demonstrate the structure of the palatine bone and its relationship with surrounding bones. A formalin-perfused cadaveric head was dissected to show the related neurovascular structures. The arteries and veins of the cadaveric heads were injected with red- and blue-colored silicon. Dissection was performed using a surgical microscope and endoscope. In addition, the utilization of the palatine bone as a landmark to identify neurovascular structures, which aids in creating a wider surgical field with less bleeding, was shown in two representative cases. The palatine bone consists of unique complex structures, including the sphenoidal process, ethmoidal crest, pterygopalatine canal, and sphenopalatine notch, which are closely related to the sphenopalatine artery, maxillary nerve, and its branches. The ethmoidal crest of the palatine bone is a well-known structure that is useful for identifying the sphenopalatine foramen, controlling the sphenopalatine artery and nerve, and safely opening the pterygopalatine fossa. The sphenoidal process of the palatine bone is a valuable landmark for identifying the palatovaginal artery, which is a landmark used to safely and efficiently expose the vidian canal. The sphenoidal process is easily cracked with an osteotome and removed to expose the palatovaginal artery, which runs along the pharyngeal groove, just medial to the vidian canal. By opening the pterygopalatine canal (also known as the greater palatine canal), further lateralization of the periosteum-covered pterygopalatine fossa contents can be achieved. Overall, the sphenoidal process and ethmoidal crest can be used as important landmarks to maximize the surgical corridor and minimize unnecessary injury to neurovascular structures.

DOI： 10.1002/ca.24170

Web of Science

Scopus

PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publisher：耳鼻と臨床会  

DOI： 10.11334/jibi.69.5_398

CiNii Research

Publisher：Anatomy and Cell Biology  

Although in counterpart, the sphenopalatine artery (SPA), has been well described in the medical literature, the sphenopalatine vein (SPV) has received scant attention. Therefore, the present anatomical study was performed. Additionally, we discuss the variations, embryology, and clinical significance of the SPV. Adult cadaveric specimens underwent dissection of the SPV. In addition, some specimens were submitted for histological analysis of this structure. The SPV was found to drain from the sphenoidal sinus and nasal septum. Small tributaries traveled through the nasal septum with the posterior septal branches of the SPA and nasopalatine nerve. The SPA and SPV were found to travel through the sphenopalatine foramen and another tributary was found to perforate the medial plate of the pterygoid process and to connect to the pterygoid venous plexus which traveled lateral to the medial plate of the pterygoid process. The vein traveled through the posterior part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity with the posterior lateral nasal branches of the SPA and the lateral superior posterior nasal branches of the maxillary nerve. To our knowledge, this is the first anatomical study on the SPV in humans. Data on the SPV provides an improved anatomical understanding of the vascular network of the nasal cavity. Developing a more complete picture of the nasal cavity and its venous supply might help surgeons and clinicians better manage clinical entities such as posterior epistaxis, cavernous sinus infections, and perform endoscopic surgery with fewer complications.

DOI： 10.5115/acb.22.231

Web of Science

Scopus

PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publisher：JIBI TO RINSHO KAI  

<p>An 18-year-old male patient had developed epileptic seizures with loss of consciousness 3 years earlier, and despite subsequent drug treatment, he still had recurrent epileptic seizures. Imaging studies revealed a meningoencephalocele with protrusion of the temporal lobe from the middle cranial fossa to the lateral fossa of the sphenoid sinus. Since this was thought to be the focus of the temporal lobe epilepsy, he was admitted to our hospital for resection of the meningoencephalocele. The patient underwent transnasal endoscopic resection of the meningoencephalocele in the lateral fossa of the sphenoid bone, followed by multilayer skull base reconstruction using a pedicled middle turbinate mucosal (MT) flap. Postoperatively, the epileptic seizures disappeared, and the patient has recovered without cerebrospinal fluid leakage or wound complications. If the area is localized near the sphenopalatine foramen, such as the lateral fossa of the sphenoid sinus, an MT flap can be used instead of a nasal septal mucosal flap. Furthermore, by using a minimal transpterygoid approach and preserving the sphenopalatine artery and its branch, the middle turbinate artery, it was possible to use the MT flap during skull base reconstruction.</p>

DOI： 10.11334/jibi.69.2_116

CiNii Research

Language：English  

DOI： 10.7759/cureus.35932

Web of Science

PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publisher：耳鼻と臨床会  

症例は18歳、男性。3年前に意識消失を伴うてんかん発作を発症、その後薬物治療を行うもてんかん発作を繰り返す状態であった。画像検査で中頭蓋窩から蝶形骨洞側窩に陥入する側頭葉の髄膜脳瘤を指摘され、側頭葉てんかんの焦点と考えられたため髄膜脳瘤切除目的に当院入院となった。経鼻内視鏡下に蝶形骨側窩の髄膜脳瘤を切除し、その後、有茎中鼻甲介粘膜弁を用いて多層での頭蓋底再建を行った。術後、てんかん発作は消失、髄液漏や創部の合併症なく経過している。蝶形骨洞側窩のように蝶口蓋孔近傍で限局した箇所であれば鼻中隔粘膜弁でなくても中鼻甲介粘膜弁での代用が可能で、minimal transpterygoid approachを用い、さらに蝶口蓋動脈とその分枝である中鼻甲介動脈を温存することで頭蓋底再建時に中鼻甲介粘膜弁の利用が可能となった。(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publisher：JIBI TO RINSHO KAI  

<p>We experienced 15 surgical cases of petrous apex-11 cholesteatomas and 4 cholesterin granulomas-between January 2013 and July 2021. Among the four cases of cholesterin granuloma, one underwent transmastoid surgery, while the others received intranasal endoscopic surgery to create drainage routes. Among the 11 cases of cholesteatoma, 5 received initial surgery, and 6 were reoperations. The extent of the lesion based on Sanna's classification was supralabyrinthine in seven patients, massive in two, and infralabyrinthine in two. In the supralabyrinthine type, the middle fossa approach or combined approach of the middle cranial fossa and translabyrinthine approach was necessary in cases with severe extensions or those receiving reoperation. The minimally invasive procedure through the superior semicircular canal approach was performed in cases with a small extension. In the massive type, the transcochlear and middle fossa combined approach was used, while in the infralabyrinthine type, the infracochlear or infralabyrinthine approach was performed, depending on the localization and degree of the extension. The hearing was preserved in all cases of cholesterin granuloma and three cases of cholesteatomas. Since the petrous apex is located in the deepest part of the temporal bone, it is crucial to have a thorough understanding of the anatomy and select a surgical approach that considers the lesion and hearing.</p>

DOI： 10.11334/jibi.69.1_1

CiNii Research

Language：Japanese   Publisher：耳鼻と臨床会  

2013年1月から2021年7月の期間に手術治療を行った錐体尖病変15例を検討した。コレステリン肉芽腫4例では、1例が経乳突的に、3例は経鼻的にドレナージルートを作成した。錐体尖真珠腫11例では初発例5例、再手術例が6例であり、進展経路は迷路上型が7例、広範迷路型2例、迷路下型2例であった。迷路上型では進展範囲の小さな症例は経上半規管法により低侵襲に摘出し得たが、進展例や再手術例では中頭蓋窩法や、中頭蓋窩法と経迷路法のcombined approachが必要であった。広範迷路型では経蝸牛+中頭蓋窩法のcombined approachを行い、迷路下型では進展範囲に応じて蝸牛下法や迷路下法を用いた。コレステリン肉芽腫全例と錐体尖真珠腫の3例で聴力温存できた。錐体尖は側頭骨最深部に位置し、手術アプローチの選択が重要である。聴力や病変と解剖学的構造の位置関係を考慮して術式を選択する必要がある。(著者抄録)

Publisher：東京医学社  

DOI： 10.24479/pm.0000000704

CiNii Research

Language：Japanese   Publisher：JIBI TO RINSHO KAI  

<p>We retrospectively analyzed the data of 153 patients (male, n=108 ; female, n=45 ; median age, 35.5 years [range 8-87 years]) with peritonsillar abscess who were treated at our hospital from October 2016 to March 2019. Among the 153 patients, the right side was affected in 79 patients, the left side was affected in 66 patients, and both sides were affected in 8 patients (5.3%). Sixty-nine patients (45.1%) had a history of smoking. Peritonsillar abscesses with the longest diameter located cranial to the palatine uvula were defined as superior type abscesses, while peritonsillar abscesses with the longest diameter located caudally were defined as inferior type abscesses. The diameters of abscesses managed by observation with antibiotics were all shorter than 15 mm. Regarding antibiotic selection, it may be reasonable to expect a sufficient effect with the use of SBT/ABPC as a single agent, as this antibiotic has a broad antibacterial spectrum covering aerobic, anaerobic, and drug-resistant bacteria.</p>

DOI： 10.11334/jibi.68.4_258

CiNii Research

Language：Japanese   Publisher：耳鼻と臨床会  

DOI： 10.11334/jibi.68.4_318

CiNii Research

Language：Japanese   Publisher：耳鼻と臨床会  

2016年10月から2019年3月までの2年6ヵ月に当科で治療された扁桃周囲膿瘍153例の患者データで後ろ向き分析を行った。年齢分布は8-87歳で中央値35.5歳、性別は男性108例、女性45例であった。罹患則は右側が79例(51.6%)、左側が66例(43.1%)、両側が8例(5.2%)で喫煙者は69例(45.1%)であった。画像診断は口蓋垂で境界し、最長の膿瘍径の部位で上極型・下極型に分類した。膿瘍径が15mm以下では保存的治療を優先した。抗生物質の選択に関しては、SBT/ABPCが好気性、嫌気性、および薬剤耐性菌をカバーする幅広い抗菌スペクトルを持っているため、単剤として使用することで十分な効果が期待できると思われた。(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese