Authorship：Lead author,　Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Ecological Economics  

The Japanese iron and steel sector is central to supply chains, making its decarbonization crucial. However, technological innovation required for this is costly. Assessing CO<inf>2</inf> emission responsibility across the supply chain is necessary for fair cost distribution. This study uses environmentally extended input–output and structural path analyses based on shared responsibility to decompose CO<inf>2</inf> emissions in steelmaking and final goods production. A practical cost allocation strategy is proposed in this study to support decarbonization innovations in iron-making. The results show that shared responsibility redistributes CO<inf>2</inf> emissions from the final goods to intermediate goods sectors, reducing cost burdens compared to consumption-based emissions. Specifically, the cost burden of the passenger motor car sector under shared responsibility is reduced by approximately 17 times compared with consumption-based emissions. These findings highlight the importance of quantifying each sector's CO<inf>2</inf> responsibility under a shared responsibility for fair cost allocation.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108504

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Authorship：Lead author,　Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Journal of Environmental Management  

Ninety-four percent of CO<inf>2</inf> emissions induced by final demand in the global construction sector stem from the supply chain. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the CO<inf>2</inf> emission hotspots within the supply chain and implement targeted reduction measures. This study proposed a supply chain clustering approach considering the functional unit of houses and identified CO<inf>2</inf> emission hotspots within the supply chain structure of wooden houses, which accounted for approximately 90% of the total housing stock in Japan. We founded that the top ten CO<inf>2</inf> emission clusters (i.e., emission hotspots) account for approximately 40% of the carbon footprint (38 t-CO<inf>2</inf>) of a wooden house. Specifically, the iron and steel cluster, which includes the pig iron and crude steel sectors, and the cement cluster, comprising the cement and ready-mixed concrete sectors, collectively contribute to approximately 75% of the CO<inf>2</inf> emissions within the top 10 clusters. Therefore, the reduction of CO<inf>2</inf> emissions from these clusters is of paramount importance. Decision-makers should promote renovation and remodeling policies for vacant houses and prioritize the reuse of foundations, predominantly constructed using steel and cement products, to reduce the supply-chain emissions from wooden houses.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120151

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