| 1. |
Kim Choon Ng, Kyaw Thu, Seung Jin Oh, Li Ang, Muhammad Wakil Shahzad, Azhar Bin Ismail, Recent developments in thermally-driven seawater desalination: Energy efficiency improvement by hybridization of the MED and AD cycles, Desalination, 2015.01, The energy, water and environment nexus is a crucial factor when considering the future development of desalination plants or industry in the water-stressed economies. New generation of desalination processes or plants has to meet the stringent environment discharge requirements and yet the industry remains highly energy efficient and sustainable when producing good potable water. Water sources, either brackish or seawater, have become more contaminated as feed while the demand for desalination capacities increase around the world. One immediate solution for energy efficiency improvement comes from the hybridization of the proven desalination processes to the newer processes of desalination: For example, the integration of the available thermally-driven to adsorption desalination (AD) cycles where significant thermodynamic synergy can be attained when cycles are combined. For these hybrid cycles, a quantum improvement in energy efficiency as well as in increase in water production can be expected. The advent of MED with AD cycles, or simply called the MEDAD cycles, is one such example where seawater desalination can be pursued and operated in cogeneration with the electricity production plants: The hybrid desalination cycles utilize only the low exergy bled-steam at low temperatures, complemented with waste exhaust or renewable solar thermal heat at temperatures between 60 and 80. °C. In this paper, the authors have reported their pioneered research on aspects of AD and related hybrid MEDAD cycles, both at theoretical models and experimental pilots. Using the cogeneration of electricity and desalination concept, the authors examined the cost apportionment of fuel cost by the quality or exergy of working steam for such cogeneration configurations.. |
| 2. |
Shinnosuke Maeda, Kyaw Thu, Tomohiro Maruyama, Takahiko Miyazaki, Critical review on the developments and future aspects of adsorption heat pumps for automobile air conditioning, Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 2018.10, Emission and heat rejection from automobiles are largely responsible for urban environmental issues. Adsorption systems driven by engine waste heat exhibit huge potential to meet the demand for cabin thermal comfort while improving fuel economy. However, the mechanical vapour compression (MVC) systems are still the undisputed champions in automobile air conditioning. This paper provides a critical review on the development and progress of adsorption heat pumps specifically for automobile air conditioning. In doing so, some of the progress and development in land-based adsorption chillers (heat pump), which are not realistically relevant to automobile adsorption systems, are explicitly excluded. Matching the energy density, durability, and reliability of the MVC systems remain major hurdles. The importance of improving the energy density based on the overall system weight or volume, real-world tests under various driving modes and durability aspects are discussed.. |
| 3. |
Seo Sang Won, Development of an adsorption desalination system upgrading the waste heat, Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021.04, The global shortage of potable water is becoming significant and crucial for economic stability and world peace. The immediate solution for the water shortage is the conversion of seawater or brackish water to potable one. Thermal desalination systems like multi-effect-distillation (MED), multi-stage-flashing (MSF) and membrane distillation (MD) utilize high-temperature energy, i.e., hot water or steam to produce potable water. These systems downgrade the heat source for the operation. We developed an innovative desalination system where the temperature of the waste heat is upgraded to a higher one to drive the desalination system. Upgrading of the waste heat is achieved using the Adsorption Heat Transformer (AHT) cycle where the heat of adsorption is extracted as the upgraded heat source which is successively utilized for boiling and condensation of the seawater producing the potable water. We will discuss the concept, the inner working and the performance of the new AHT-MED cycle. The performance ratio of the cycle is expected to be in the region of 6 to 7 for a seven-stage system with the heat source temperature to the AHT cycle less than 70° C while conventional MED systems need steam with a temperature above 110° C.. |
| 4. |
Kyaw Thu, Adsorption Desalination: Current Status and Future Perspectives, JSRAE, 2019.03. |
