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写真a

ヒラダテ シユンタロウ
平舘 俊太郎
HIRADATE SYUNTARO
所属
農学研究院 環境農学部門 教授
アジア埋蔵文化財研究センター (併任)
農学部 生物資源環境学科(併任)
生物資源環境科学府 環境農学専攻(併任)
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土壌学を基礎とし、農地土壌の適正管理、土壌評価法の開発、土壌中における化学反応の解明、生物多様性の保全、生態系における物質循環の解明などを目標とした教育・研究活動を行っている。室内実験では、一般化学分析とともに、核磁気共鳴装置や質量分析計などを駆使した先端的な研究に取り組んでいる。また、生態系研究や生物多様性研究の推進のため、小笠原諸島や阿蘇・くじゅう地域などを対象に野外調査を行っている。アジア埋蔵文化財研究センターにも参加しており、同位体質量分析、走査電子顕微鏡-蛍光X線分析、X線回折分析、レーザーラマン分光分析などを駆使して、過去の情報を読み解く研究を行っている。
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学位

  • 博士(農学)

経歴

  • 日本農薬株式会社 国立研究開発法人 農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 農業環境変動研究センター   

    日本農薬株式会社 国立研究開発法人 農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 農業環境変動研究センター

  • 東京大学(兼任教員)   

研究テーマ・研究キーワード

  • 研究テーマ: 土壌中における炭素貯留速度の推定

    研究キーワード: 土壌有機物 14C年代

    研究期間: 2021年10月

  • 研究テーマ: 土壌調査による土壌生成プロセスの解明と土壌分類

    研究キーワード: ペドロジー

    研究期間: 2017年4月

  • 研究テーマ: 土壌構成成分と植物栄養元素の相互作用

    研究キーワード: リン,31P 核磁気共鳴

    研究期間: 2017年4月

  • 研究テーマ: 土壌環境制御による生物多様性および生態系の保全

    研究キーワード: 土壌の可給態リン酸、置換酸度、外来植物、在来植物

    研究期間: 2017年4月

  • 研究テーマ: 小笠原諸島の生態系と物質循環の特徴を土壌特性や土壌に記録された過去の履歴から明らかにする

    研究キーワード: 野生化ヤギ

    研究期間: 2017年4月

受賞

  • 日本土壌肥料学会2019年度静岡大会ポスター賞

    2019年9月   日本土壌肥料学会2019年度静岡大会  

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    「The rate of vertical translocation of soil organic carbon fractionsstored in a buried humic horizon from an Andosol」と題した研究発表に対して。

  • BBB Awards for Excellence to Authors

    2018年3月   日本農芸化学会  

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    下記論文に対する論文賞
    Katsutoshi Nishino, Misao Shiro, Ryuki Okura, Kazuya Oizumi, Toru Fujita, Takahiro Sasamori, Norihiro Tokitoh, Akiyoshi Yamada, Chihiro Tanaka, Muneyoshi Yamaguchi, Syuntaro Hiradate & Nobuhiro Hirai. The (oxalato)aluminate complex as an antimicrobial substance protecting the “shiro” of Tricholoma matsutake from soil micro-organisms

  • 第59回日本土壌肥料学会賞

    2014年4月   日本土壌肥料学会   核磁気共鳴法を利用した土壌中における元素動態の解明

論文

  • Changes in chemical form of phosphorus in rice bran during fermentation process as determined by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 査読 国際誌

    Masatoshi Ooshima, Noriko Yamaguchi, Yoko Nakanishi, Yoshimi Hitomi, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   68 ( 4 )   421 - 428   2022年6月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Rice bran contains appreciable amount of phosphorus (P), which can be used as P fertilizers. The efficiency of the P in the rice bran to plants, however, is low, and the fermentation of the rice bran is proposed to improve the P availability for plants. In the present study, 20 kg of rice bran was aerobically fermented by adding 5 kg of rice husk, 0.025 kg of mulch, and 7 L of water and incubating for 35 days with 6 times of stirring, and the changes in the chemical form of P during the fermentation process were investigated by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and chemical extraction. Most part (84%) of P in the raw rice bran was myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaphosphate (I6P), which is not available for plants. During the fermentation process, I6P was degraded and transformed into plant-available phosphate anions (orthophosphate). The proportions of the orthophosphate increased to 68% after incubating for 19 days with two times of stirring and 92% after incubating for 35 days with six times of stirring. After the fermentation, the orthophosphate was present as plant available precipitates associated with magnesium and the other monovalent cations. In conclusion, rice bran contains low-available I6P as a major P form, and the fermentation of rice bran accelerates the cleavage of the ester bond of I6P and results in the increased proportion of orthophosphate with high availability to plants.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2022.2083904

  • Formation and mobility of soil organic carbon in a buried humic horizon of a volcanic ash soil 査読 国際誌

    #Jithya Nawodi Wijesinghe, @Jun Koarashi, @Mariko Atarashi-Andoh, @Yoko Saito-Kokubu, @Noriko Yamaguchi, @Takashi Sase, @Mamoru Hosono, @Yudzuru Inoue, Yuki Mori, Syuntaro Hiradate

    GEODERMA   374   2020年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A buried humic horizon (C-14 age between 5.4 and 6.8 kyr BP) of a volcanic ash soil in Aomori, Japan, which was collected from the depth between 147 and 187 cm at 5 cm-interval (total eight sub-horizon samples), was investigated to clarify the degree of biological transformation and mobility of soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions. The SOC fractions were prepared from each sub-horizon sample by extraction and precipitation procedures with controlling pH of the extracted solution, resulting in humin, humic acid (HA), and four fulvic acid (FA) fractions (two hydrophilic FA fractions: FA(1) and FA(2), and two hydrophobic FA fractions: FA(3) and FA(IHss)). The prepared SOC fractions were characterized by C-14 age and stable isotopic ratios of C-13 (delta C-13) and N-15 (delta N-15). The hydrophilic FA fractions showed the highest delta C-13 and delta N-15 values, indicating that these SOC fractions had been most enriched with C-13 and N-15 by biological metabolic processes. On the other hand, the HA fraction showed the lowest delta C-13 and delta N-15 values, therefore this fraction would have been less-metabolized, although HA fraction has been regarded as well-processed in general. The C-14 age of the HA fraction was almost same as the deposition age of the corresponding sub-horizon, indicating that the C in the HA fraction would have been fixed in situ right after photosynthesis by plants at the early stage of soil formation and chemically stabilized at soil surface, by fire event, etc. The average rates of vertical translocation of the SOC fractions were low (humin and HA fractions: < 1 mm per century, FA fractions: 1-4 mm per century), implying that the vertical translocation of SOC would not be the main mechanisms for forming thick humic horizons. The present study showed strong evidence of the in situ formation of SOC on soil surface, and successive up-building accumulation of soil particles containing SOC would contribute to the formation of the thick humic horizons.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114417

    その他リンク: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001670611932765X

    リポジトリ公開URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2324/4774162

  • Properties of Soils of the Ogasawara Islands: Keys to Understand Past Nature and Find Adequate Management for Future 招待 査読 国際誌

    Syuntaro HIRADATE

    Global Environmental Research   23 ( 1&2 )   29 - 36   2019年12月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Soil profiles under natural forest vegetation on four islands of the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, were compiled and evaluated based on chemical analysis to learn about the natural habitats of the past and determine adequate management measures for conserving the respective ecosystems. The majority of the soils could be characterized as high acidity (high exchangeable acidity, low pH(H2O) with low pH(KCl)), high cation exchange capacity (CEC) and high proportions of exchangeable Mg over exchangeable Ca and K, and those soils are in fairly early stages of weathering, differing from “laterite” and/or “laterite-like soils.” Available P for plants in the soils is bimodal: very low or very high. The very high level of soil-available P was caused by seabird activities in the past. The high proportion of exchangeable Mg would induce Ca and K deficiency in plants, and this situation would have prevailed in the Ogasawara Islands. Available N for plants in the surface horizons of the soils is generally high and does not limit the ecosystem productivity in many cases of natural forest. Soil erosion would cause fatal effects on the ecosystem by removing the surface horizons and exposing subsoil horizons with extremely high levels of soil acidity, high proportions of exchangeable Mg and low levels of available P and N, with inappropriate permeability and aeration ability for plant growth. Such subsoil horizons would provide very poor conditions for growing plants. Conserving soils is essential and important to the recovery and restoration of the natural vegetation and ecosystems.

    その他リンク: http://www.airies.or.jp/attach.php/6a6f75726e616c5f476c6f62616c456e7669726f6e6d656e74616c52657365617263685f323032303034303230393433333732/save/0/0/23_1%2C2-6.pdf

  • Growth Response of Three Growth Response of Three Tropical Leguminous Green Manure Plants to Soils Fertilized with CaCO3 and Phosphateus Green Manure Plants to Soils Fertilized with CaCO3 and Phosphate 査読 国際誌

    #Ei Phyu THAE, @Yuki MORI, @Syuntaro HIRADATE

    Tropical Agriculture and Development   68 ( 1 )   7 - 16   2024年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Leguminous green manure plants play an important role in increasing agricultural crop production in infertile soils as they can improve soil quality with less environmental concerns. Many studies have reported suitable green manure plants for temperate regions, but little information is available for tropical regions. Therefore, we clarified the growth response of three common tropical leguminous green manure plants, i.e., cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea), and green gram (Vigna radiata), on a Haplic Acrisol, which is strongly acidic and low in available phosphate (P) and widespread in Southeast Asia, in comparison with the other P deficient soil, a Eutric Gleysol, which is a slightly acidic and P deficient soil typically found in alluvial area, with controlling soil pH and soil available P. Cowpea was able to yield the highest dry matter production and acquire the largest amount of P among the three green manure plants in the two soils. The amount of P acquired by cowpea from the Gleysol is 6-7 times greater than that from the Acrisol. However, it was also clarified that the P acquiring ability of cowpea would be insufficient even when the Acrisol was ameliorated with CaCO3 and P fertilizers as the Gleysol. Therefore, it would be necessary to find other green manure species which have higher P acquisition abilities enough to give suitable growth on Acrisols.

  • Sequential loss-on-ignition as a simple method for evaluating the stability of soil organic matter under actual environmental conditions 査読 国際誌

    Yuhi Satoh, Shigehiro Ishizuka, @Syuntaro Hiradate, Mariko Atarashi-Andoh, Hirohiko Nagano, Jun Koarashi

    Environmental Research   117224 - 117224   2023年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Soil organic matter (SOM) is one of the largest carbon (C) reservoirs on Earth, and therefore its stability attracts a great deal of interest from the perspective of the global C cycle. This study examined the applicability of loss-onignition with a stepwise increase in temperature (SIT-LOI) of soil to evaluate the stability of SOM using soil samples having different organic matter (OM) and mineral contents and different mean residence times (MRTs) for SOM. The responses of SOM to the SIT-LOI varied depending on the samples but were all successfully approximated by a liner regression model as a function of the temperature of LOI. The slope value in the liner model that determines the residual potential of carbon during the SIT-LOI highly correlated with MRT of SOM, suggesting that this value reflects the overall stability of SOM over a range of soil properties. This hypothesis was consistent with the observation that Δ14C values of SOM decreased with increasing LOI temperature and thus, older, slower-cycling SOM was preferentially left in the soil samples by SIT-LOI. Additionally, the hypothesis was
    also supported by the significant correlations (p < 0.01) between the slope value and OM and mineral contents in the samples because these components are considered to regulate SOM stability. In addition to the regression analysis of the SIT-LOI data, changes in carbon to nitrogen (C/N) and carbon to hydrogen (C/H) ratios and stable carbon isotope signatures (δ13C) of the samples were investigated. The results suggest that the mineral association of SOM is an important factor characterizing the response of SOM to LOI. Hence, it was concluded that SITLOI is a simple and useful method for evaluating the stability of SOM under actual environmental conditions.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117224

  • Predicting ecosystem changes by a new model of ecosystem evolution 査読 国際誌

    Katsuhiko Yoshida, Kenji Hata, Kazuto Kawakami, @Syuntaro Hiradate, Takeshi Osawa, Naoki Kachi

    Scientific Reports   13 ( 1 )   2023年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    In recent years, computer simulation has been increasingly used to predict changes in actual ecosystems. In these studies, snapshots of ecosystems at certain points in time were instantly constructed without considering their evolutionary histories. However, it may not be possible to correctly predict future events unless their evolutionary processes are considered. In this study, we developed a new ecosystem model for reproducing the evolutionary process on an oceanic island, targeting Nakoudojima Island of the Ogasawara Islands. This model successfully reproduced the primitive ecosystem (the entire island covered with forest) prior to the invasion of alien species. Also, by adding multiple alien species to this ecosystem, we were able to reproduce temporal changes in the ecosystem of Nakoudojima Island after invasion of alien species. Then, we performed simulations in which feral goats were eradicated, as had actually been done on the island; these suggested that after the eradication of feral goats, forests were unlikely to be restored. In the ecosystems in which forests were not restored, arboreous plants with a high growth rate colonized during the early stage of evolution. As arboreous plants with a high growth rate consume a large amount of nutrient in soil, creating an oligotrophic state. As a result, plants cannot grow, and animal species that rely on plants cannot maintain their biomass. Consequently, many animals and plants become extinct as they cannot endure disturbances by alien species, and the ecosystem loses its resilience. Therefore, even if feral goats are eradicated, forests are not restored. Thus, the founder effect from the distant past influences future ecosystem changes. Our findings show that it is useful to consider the evolutionary process of an ecosystem in predicting its future events.

    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42529-9

  • Soil phosphorous is the primary factor determining species-specific plant growth depending on soil acidity in island ecosystems with severe erosion 査読 国際誌

    Kenji Hata, @Syuntaro Hiradate, Naoki Kachi

    Scientific Reports   13 ( 1 )   2023年7月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Disturbances caused by invasive ungulates alter soil environments markedly and can prevent ecosystem recovery even after eradication of the ungulates. On oceanic islands, overgrazing and trampling by feral goats has caused vegetation degradation and soil erosion, which can alter soil chemistry. To understand the effects of the changes on plant performance, we conducted a laboratory experiment to assess herbaceous species growth under various soil conditions with phosphorous, nutrients, and acidity. Subsoil was collected from Nakodo-jima in the northwest Pacific. Six herbaceous species dominating the island were grown in soils with three levels of added CaCO3 and P2O5 and two levels of added KNO3. After 4 weeks of growth, the total dry plant weight was significantly lower with no added P2O5, regardless of the addition of KNO3. Three species weighed more under P2O5 and KNO3 addition in high-pH soil, whereas the remaining three weighed less. Our results indicated that herbaceous species growth is limited primarily by phosphorous availability; the limitation is dependent on soil pH, and the trend of dependency differs among species. This implies that ecosystems with extreme disturbances cannot recover without improving the soil chemistry.

    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38934-9

  • 「第28回ペドロジストトレーニングコース in 福岡」土壌断面の特徴と分類. 査読

    @森 裕樹, @山北絵理, #木村優佑, 小林孝行, 前島勇治, @平舘俊太郎

    ペドロジスト   67 ( 1 )   11 - 24   2023年6月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    第28 回ペドロジスト・トレーニングコースで調査した九州大学農学部附属演習林の福岡演習林における4 地点(ペドン1 ~ 4)の土壌について,土壌断面調査,理化学性分析,および鉱物分析を行い,土壌分類と土壌生成過程の検討を行った。同一の堆積岩地帯に位置するペドン1 ~ 3 の土壌は,いずれも酸性が強く,CEC が高く,主要な粘土鉱物として1.8 nm まで膨潤するスメクタイトを含んでいたが,これらの特性は母岩である堆積岩(腐朽礫)の特性を直接引き継いだものであり,土壌生成作用を受けた結果生じたものではないと考えられた。日本土壌分類体系(2017)に基づく土壌分類は,ペドン1 はリン酸吸収係数の高さから“ばん土質褐色森林土”,ペドン2 は表面水湿性特徴をもつことから“普通疑似グライ土”に分類された。ペドン3 はリン酸吸収係数が15 g P2O5 kg-1 以上の層位が土壌表面から50 cm 以内に積算して厚さ25 cm あり“普通非アロフェン質黒ボク土”に分類されたが,火山放出物含量が少ないことおよび土壌生成作用を強く受けていないことから,ペドン3 はペドン1 と同じく“褐色森林土大群”に分類されるのが妥当と考えられた。ペドン4 は,蛇紋岩と苦鉄質片岩が混在する地域上に位置しており,土壌は弱酸性であり,粘土鉱物として蛇紋石を含んでいたことから,現地性の岩石を主な母材として形成されたと考えられた。ペドン4は,土壌層位の分化が発達途上にありB層を欠くことから,“普通固結岩屑土”に分類された。

  • 秋吉台半自然草原の土壌の特徴と分類―剣山を事例にして― 査読

    柳 由貴子, 金子 悠, 安永昂生, 中路侑花, 藤間 充, 岡本 透, 小椋純一, 太田陽子, @平舘俊太郎

    ペドロジスト   67 ( 1 )   25 - 34   2023年6月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    山口県美祢市に位置する日本最大級の石灰岩カルスト台地である秋吉台の剣山山頂付近の土壌について断面形態,理化学特性ならびに土壌分類について検討した。層序は,A 層,Bw 層およびBt 層から構成されており,石礫はほとんど認められなかった。全層を通じて強酸性を呈し,低い塩基飽和度を示したが,下層でわずかに上昇する傾向が認められた。また,Bt2 層では交換性陽イオン(Ca + Mg + K + Na)の総量が交換性アルミニウム(Al)含量を上回り,下層での富塩基性が示された。A2 層は,活性Al 反応が+(即時呈色するがその程度は弱い)であり,リン酸吸収係数やAlo+1/2 Feo の値からも黒ボク特徴は満たさない。しかし,A2 層の活性Al 反応の結果およびリン酸吸収係数やAlo+1/2Feo の値は上下の層位よりも高い値を示したことから,火山噴出物の混入が推察された。また,粒径組成は表層のシルト含量が相対的に高いため,表層付近での広域風成塵の混入が示唆された。併せて,Bt 層では粘土含量の急激な増大が認められたことから,粘土の下方への移動・集積も生じていると考えられた。これらのことから,秋吉台の土壌は火山噴出物や広域風成塵の混入を受けつつ,石灰岩の比較的強い風化や溶脱の影響下で生成するものと考えられた。土壌分類は,日本土壌分類体系ならびに包括的土壌分類第1次試案ではいずれも赤色粘土集積赤黄色土にキーアウトされ,石灰岩の影響は反映されなかった。また,World reference base for soil resources 4th edition(WRB, 2022)ではChromic Luvisols (Clayic, Cutanic, Differentic, Epidystric) に分類された。これは,WRB(2022)では50 cm 以深における交換性Al 含量と交換性陽イオン(Ca + Mg + K + Na)の総量との比較を重視するためであった。ただし,剣山の土壌はBw 層が発達し,Bt 層ではやや富塩基性を示したものの地中海沿岸の石灰岩上に分布する赤褐色土(いわゆるテラロッサ)と比べて断面全体を通して低いpH ならびに交換性陽イオン含量を示した。

  • A single application of fertilizer can affect semi-natural grassland vegetation over half a century 査読 国際誌

    Tsutsumi Micho, Hiradate Syuntaro, Masashi Yokogawa, Eri Yamakita, Masahito Inoue, Yoshitaka Takahashi

    PLOS ONE   17 ( 11 )   e0275808 - e0275808   2022年11月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    多くの種が生育する半自然草地の復元には、種子の供給源だけでなく、それらの生育に適した土壌環境も必要である。ヨーロッパでは、施肥の履歴のがある草原の土壌が適切な状態になり、草原再生に成功したとみなされるまでに約10年かかるとされている。一方、日本では降水量が多いために塩基性陽イオンが土壌から溶脱し酸性化することや、火山噴出物がリン酸の吸着力の高いアルミニウムや鉄の水酸化物を形成することから、土壌環境の改善にはさらに時間がかかる可能性がある。このような背景のもと、本研究では、i) 日本における半自然草原への半世紀前の施肥の影響がどのように残っているか、ii) 日本における半自然草原の再生に施肥がどのように影響するか、という疑問に答えることを目的とした。半世紀前に1回の施肥が行われたシバが優占する放牧地(改良放牧地)と、そこに隣接する施肥や播種履歴のない半自然草原(在来放牧地)の植生と土壌特性を調査し、次のことが明らかになった。(1) 2つの放牧地のシバの優占度はほぼ同じであったが、種構成は異なっていた。(2) 改良放牧地は在来放牧地よりも種数が少なかった。(3) 窒素、リン、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウムなどの土壌化学性は、改良放牧地の方が在来放牧地より高かった。(4) 分析した多くの土壌化学特性の項目は種構成と関係しており、すなわち富栄養な場所では土壌に生育する外来種の種数は増え、在来種の種数は減少していた。これらのことから、過去の1回の施肥が半世紀以上にわたって日本の半自然草原の土壌特性に影響を与え、種の消失や種組成の変化につながることが示唆された。日本の放牧地において施肥をした場合、多くの種が生育する半自然草原の再生に適した土壌環境に回復するのに半世紀以上必要である可能性が示唆された。(横川によるAbstractの和訳)

    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275808

  • 三重県北中部の低地に分布する水田土壌の特性と分類 査読

    水谷嘉之, 大門奈那子, 藤井琢馬, 西美弥子, 平舘俊太郎

    ペドロジスト   66 ( 1 )   17 - 30   2022年6月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Properties and classification of paddy soils located on the lowlands of northern and central areas of Mie prefecture, Japan

  • Bleaching of leaf litter accelerates the decomposition of recalcitrant components and mobilization of nitrogen in a subtropical forest 査読

    Takashi Osono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Satoru Hobara

    Scientific Reports   11 ( 1 )   2021年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Abstract

    Selective removal of lignin and other recalcitrant compounds, collectively registered as acid-unhyrolyzable residue (AUR), results in bleaching of leaf litter, but the importance of bleaching in decomposition processes on forest soil has not been fully evaluated. The aims of this study were to elucidate the occurrence of bleached area in decomposing leaf litter and to compare chemical composition between bleached and nonbleached portions in a subtropical forest in Japan. Field incubation of leaf litter was performed over an 18-month period with the litterbag method. The decomposition processes during the first 9 month were characterized by the relatively rapid mass loss and increase of bleached area, whereas the mass loss was slowed down and the bleached area decreased thereafter. Mass loss of leaf tissues was faster and AUR content was lower in bleached than in nonbleached portions, indicating the acceleration of mass loss in bleached leaf tissues by the selective decomposition of recalcitrant compounds. The decrease in carbonyl-C in the bleached portions was associated with the increase of extractable nitrogen. The results suggest that the bleaching plays a dominant role in the transformation and turnover of organic compounds and nitrogen in decomposing leaf litter.

    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81206-7

  • Depth profile of plant nutrients and acidity in a non-allophanic Andosol as affected by a half-century of fertilization 査読

    Jithya Nawodi Wijesinghe, Hiroyuki Asaoka, Yuki Mori, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   67 ( 3 )   211 - 221   2021年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    半自然草原として維持されてきた草地が、約50前に人工改良草地として施肥管理が施されるようになった結果、土壌に施用されたカルシウムとマグネシウムは交換性イオンとして地下1mにまで達していること、もともと強酸性だった土壌は下層土まで弱酸性化されており酸性障害は起こらないレベルまで中和されていること、土壌中でほとんど動かないと考えられているリン酸も80~100cmまで到達していることが明らかになった。このような施肥管理が今後も続けば、施用した成分はいずれ地下水や周辺環境を汚染することが懸念される。

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2021.1887711

  • Ionomic Responses of Local Plant Species to Natural Edaphic Mineral Variations

    Chengming Zhang, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshinobu Kusumoto, Sayaka Morita, Tomoyo F. Koyanagi, Qingnan Chu, Toshihiro Watanabe

    Frontiers in Plant Science   12   2021年3月

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    記述言語:その他   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Leaf ionome indicates plant phylogenetic evolution and responses to environmental stress, which is a critical influential factor to the structure of species populations in local edaphic sites. However, little is known about leaf ionomic responses of local plant species to natural edaphic mineral variations. In the present study, all plant species and soil samples from a total of 80 soil sites in Shiozuka Highland were collected for multi-elemental analysis. Ioniomic data of species were used for statistical analysis, representing 24 species and 10 families. Specific preferences to ionomic accumulation in plants were obviously affected by the phylogeny, whereas edaphic impacts were also strong but limited within the phylogenetic preset. Correlations among elements resulted from not only elemental synergy and competition but also the adaptive evolution to withstand environmental stresses. Furthermore, ionomic differences of plant families were mainly derived from non-essential elements. The majority of variations in leaf ionome is undoubtedly regulated by evolutionary factors, but externalities, especially environmental stresses also have an important regulating function for landscape formation, determining that the contributions of each factor to ionomic variations of plant species for adaptation to environmental stress provides a new insight for further research on ionomic responses of ecological speciation to environmental perturbations and their corresponding adaptive evolutions.

    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.614613

    その他リンク: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.614613

  • 北硫黄島に分布する土壌 査読

    平舘俊太郎

    小笠原研究   47   61 - 72   2021年2月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(大学,研究機関等紀要)  

  • 高等学校地理科目における土壌教育内容の更新の必要性 査読

    藤井 一至, 松浦 陽次郎, 菅野 均志, 高田 裕介, 平舘 俊太郎, 田村 憲司, 平井 英明, 小崎 隆

    ペドロジスト   63 ( 2 )   73 - 81   2019年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    2022年から実施される学習指導要領の改訂では,地理歴史科の科目が「地理総合」,「地理探求」に変更となり,地図や地理情報システムの活用による国際性,主体的な思考力の養成が求められることとなった。これにあわせて,土壌に関して国内外で蓄積されてきた研究成果を基礎にした,正確な地図および用語を高校生が活用できるように,高校地理の土壌に関わる教育内容の更新が喫緊の課題である。そこで,現行の高校地理(地理B)の教科書にみられる用語および地図の問題点を整理し,教育内容の修正・更新案を提示した。具体的には,(1)チェルノーゼム,プレーリー土,パンパ土,栗色土の統一,(2)単独の土壌分類名と対応しないツンドラ土の削除,(3)「ラテライト」の削除とフェラルソル(ラトソル)への統一,(4)ポドゾル,フェラルソルの分布域の過大評価の修正,(5)テラロッサ,テラローシャを含む「粘土集積土壌」の追加,(6)間帯土壌(成帯内性土壌)として黒ボク土,沖積土の追加である。これによって,世界の土壌の分布と生業や文化との関わり,日本の主要な土壌の地理的分布とその特異性の理解促進に貢献できる。

    DOI: 10.18920/pedologist.63.2_73

  • Ecosystem changes following the eradication of invasive species: evaluation of various eradication scenarios by computer simulation 査読

    吉田 勝彦, 畑 憲治, 川上 和人, 平舘 俊太郎, 大澤 剛士, 可知 直毅

    Ecological Modelling   413   108831   2019年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Ecosystem changes following the eradication of invasive species: evaluation of various eradication scenarios by computer simulation
    The decline of the natural ecosystem on the Ogasawara Islands caused by invasive species has been an important environmental problem and projects for eradicating invasive species are currently underway. Some invasive species have proliferated in the host environment and are affecting the material cycle in the ecosystem. If the invasive species were removed from the environment, the material cycle of the ecosystem may be altered and native species that should be protected may be negatively affected. After the introduction of invasive alien species, namely goats and rats, the vegetation declined on Nakoudojima Island, an island that belongs to the Ogasawara Islands. Therefore, in this study, a mathematical model was developed to simulate and analyze the ecosystem changes that occurred following the eradication of goats and rats. When only rats were eradicated, the island's vegetation changed to grassland but revegetation was delayed and the biomass of the native animal species did not recover significantly. When only goats were eradicated, the vegetation recovered and the biomass of the native animal species increased; however, the island became forested and many native herbaceous plant species became extinct. When goats and rats were eradicated simultaneously, the vegetation recovered and the biomass of the native animal species increased; however, the ecosystem became very unstable and two extreme results were obtained - the vegetation of the entire island changed to either forest or grassland. The results of this study suggest that instead of simply eradicating invasive species, it is necessary to monitor post-eradication changes in the ecosystem and take adaptive measures as required.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.108831

  • Soil erosion alters soil chemical properties and limits grassland plant establishment on an oceanic island even after goat eradication

    Kenji Hata, Takeshi Osawa, Syuntaro Hiradate, Naoki Kachi

    Restoration Ecology   27 ( 2 )   333 - 342   2019年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Soil erosion after vegetation degradation induced by disturbance by feral goats, an invasive mammal, can lead to loss or accumulation of soil at a local scale and can alter soil chemical properties. This alteration of soil properties can in turn affect the establishment of plant species. We evaluated relationships among the extent of soil erosion, soil chemical properties, and the distribution of plant species in grassland ecosystems after goat eradication on Nakodo-jima Island in the northwestern Pacific. In 105 1 x 1-m quadrats, changes were measured in the position of topsoil over 2 years. Surface soils were sampled for analysis of chemical properties, and plant species in the quadrat were recorded. Changes in the position of topsoil were related to the area of bare ground. Soil loss occurred at sites where areas of bare ground were extremely large. Significantly higher values of soil exchange acidity and smaller amounts of available phosphorus, total carbon, and total nitrogen were detected in soils at sites with large soil losses. Most of the 11 dominant plant species were absent from sites with large losses of soil. The presence of eight species was significantly negatively related to soil exchange acidity, and three species were significantly positively related to available phosphorus. Our results indicated that exposure of subsoils at the soil surface after vegetation degradation can increase soil loss, which can alter soil chemical properties, and this alteration can continue to limit the establishment of plant species, even long after goat eradication.

    DOI: 10.1111/rec.12854

  • Characteristics of phosphorus fractions in the soils derived from sedimentary and serpentinite rocks in lowland tropical rain forests, Borneo 査読

    Daiki Yokoyama, Taiki Mori, Rota Wagai, Syuntaro Hiradate, Kanehiro Kitayama

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   64 ( 2 )   218 - 221   2018年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Soil organic phosphorus (P) is an important P source for biota especially in P-limited forests. Organic P has various chemical formations which differ in bioavailability and these organic P can be degraded by phosphatase enzymes. Here, we report soil P fractions inferred from solution 31P-NMR spectroscopy and soil phosphatase activities of two tropical rain forests on contrasting parent materials
    sedimentary and ultramafic igneous (serpentinite) rocks. Compared to the sedimentary soils and previous studies, P fractions of the serpentinite soils have distinctly high proportions of pyrophosphate and scyllo-inositol hexakisphosphate (scyllo-IP6). The accumulation of pyrophosphate and scyllo-IP6 may be related to strong sorptive capacity of iron oxides present in the serpentinite soils, which implies a consequent low P availability in the serpentinite soils. Mean value of soil phosphatase activities was higher in the serpentinite soils than in the sedimentary soils, suggesting that biota in these serpentinite forests depend more on soil organic P as a P source.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2017.1421018

  • Methylobamine, a UVA-Absorbing Compound from the Plant-Associated Bacteria Methylobacterium sp. 査読

    Kamo Tsunashi, Hiradate Syuntaro, Suzuki Ken, Fujita Ichiro, Yamaki Shinji, Yoneda Tadashi, Koitabashi Motoo, Yoshida Shigenobu

    NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS   13 ( 2 )   141 - 143   2018年2月

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    記述言語:その他  

    Methylobamine, a UVA-Absorbing Compound from the Plant-Associated Bacteria Methylobacterium sp.

  • An aluminum-resistance mechanism in Eucalyptus camaldulensis: complexation between aluminum and oenothein B in presence of organic acids in vitro

    Ko Tahara, Syuntaro Hiradate, Koh Hashida, Kenji Shinohara

    Journal of Forest Research   1 - 4   2017年5月

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    記述言語:その他   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    DOI: 10.1080/13416979.2017.1326656

  • Partitioning the plant diversity of semi-natural grasslands across Japan 査読

    Asuka Koyama, Tomoyo F. Koyanagi, Munemitsu Akasaka, Yoshinobu Kusumoto, Syuntaro Hiradate, Masayuki Takada, Kimiko Okabe

    Oryx   52 ( 3 )   1 - 8   2017年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Effective conservation of global species diversity requires a clear understanding of spatial scales that support overall diversity across broad scales. Abandonment of semi-natural grasslands has increased their fragmentation and decreased their areal extent. We quantified diversity patterns of plant communities in Japan across hierarchical scales to facilitate the development of an effective nationwide strategy for conserving species diversity in remnant semi-natural grasslands. We applied additive partitioning of plant species diversity, using a nested hierarchical design at three spatial scales (quadrat, grassland, and western and eastern regions of Japan) for three groups of plant species (all species, grassland species and national Red Listed species). We consistently found lower proportions of among-quadrats diversity, and higher proportions of among-grasslands diversity and between-regions diversity in the overall diversity of the entire species complement than would be expected by chance. The high contribution of among-grasslands diversity to overall diversity suggests that each grassland had a unique species content. The second-ranking contributor to overall diversity differed between grassland species and Red Listed species: the second-ranking contributor for grassland species was diversity at the among-quadrats scale but the second-ranking contributor for all species and for Red Listed species was diversity at the between-regions scale. Thus, effective conservation of diversity of the entire species complement in remnant semi-natural grasslands requires preservation of beta diversity in individual grasslands. Our findings highlight the importance of strengthening local preservation and restoration activities within each grassland, and of nationwide strategies for conserving Red Listed species in remnant semi-natural grassland communities.

    DOI: 10.1017/S0030605316001526

  • Phyllosphere Methylobacterium bacteria contain UVA-absorbing compounds 査読

    Shigenobu Yoshida, Syuntaro Hiradate, Motoo Koitabashi, Tsunashi Kamo, Seiya Tsushima

    JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY   167   168 - 175   2017年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Microbes inhabiting the phyllosphere encounter harmful ultraviolet rays, and must develop adaptive strategies against this irradiation. In this study, we screened bacterial isolates originating from the phyllosphere of various plants which harbored absorbers of ultraviolet A (UVA), a wavelength range which is recognized as harmful to human skin. Of the 200 phyllosphere bacterial isolates we screened, methanol extracts from bacterial cells of seventeen isolates absorbed wavelengths in the range of 315-400 nm. All of the UVA-absorbing strains belonged to Methylobacterium species based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences, suggesting that cells of this bacterial genus contain specific UVA-absorbing compounds. When cells of a representative Methylobacterium strain were extracted using various solvents, UVA absorption was observed in the extracts obtained using several aqueous solvents, indicating that the UVA-absorbing compounds were highly polar. A compound was purified using solid columns and HPLC separation, and comparative analysis revealed that the absorption strength and spectrum of the compound were similar to those of the known UVA filter, avobenzone. The compound was also verified to be stable under UVA exposure for at least 480 min. Based on these results, the UVA-absorbing compound harbored by Methylobacterium has potential to be used as a novel sunscreen ingredient. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.12.019

  • The (oxalato)aluminate complex as an antimicrobial substance protecting the "shiro" of Tricholoma matsutake from soil micro-organisms 査読

    Katsutoshi Nishino, Misao Shiro, Ryuki Okura, Kazuya Oizumi, Toru Fujita, Takahiro Sasamori, Norihiro Tokitoh, Akiyoshi Yamada, Chihiro Tanaka, Muneyoshi Yamaguchi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Nobuhiro Hirai

    BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY   81 ( 1 )   102 - 111   2017年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Tricholoma matsutake, a basidiomycete, forms ectomycorrhizas with Pinus densiflora as the host tree. Its fruiting body, matsutake in Japanese, is an edible and highly prized mushroom, and it grows in a circle called a fairy ring. Beneath the fairy ring of T. matsutake, a whitish mycelium-soil aggregated zone, called shiro in Japanese, develops. The front of the shiro, an active mycorrhizal zone, functions to gather nutrients from the soil and roots to nourish the fairy ring. Bacteria and sporulating fungi decrease from the shiro front, whereas they increase inside and outside the shiro front. Ohara demonstrated that the shiro front exhibited antimicrobial activity, but the antimicrobial substance has remained unidentified for 50years. We have identified the antimicrobial substance as the (oxalato)aluminate complex, known as a reaction product of oxalic acid and aluminum phosphate to release soluble phosphorus. The complex protects the shiro from micro-organisms, and contributes to its development.

    DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1238298

  • An aluminum-resistance mechanism in eucalyptus camaldulensis Complexation between aluminum and oenothein B in presence of organic acids in vitro 査読

    Ko Tahara, Syuntaro Hiradate, Koh Hashida, Kenji Shinohara

    Journal of Forest Research   22 ( 4 )   261 - 264   2017年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A hydrolyzable tannin, oenothein B, has recently been identified as a novel type of Al-binding and detoxifying ligand in a highly aluminum (Al)-resistant tree, Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Oenothein B is mainly localized in the root symplast, where the known ligands, citrate and oxalate, are also present. In this study, to investigate whether oenothein B can form complexes with Al in the presence of citrate and oxalate, we analyzed the chemical form of Al in multiple-ligand mixtures containing Al, oenothein B, citrate, and oxalate in vitro at concentrations mimicking those in the symplast of E. camaldulensis roots. In the mixture, 27% of total Al was detected in the insoluble fraction, and 28% in the high-molecular mass (> 10 kDa) soluble fraction. This means that more than half of Al in the mixture interacts with oenothein B, because among the three ligands only oenothein B can predominantly form insoluble or high molecular mass soluble complexes with Al. The27Al-nuclear magnetic resonance analyses of the mixture showed that low-molecular mass soluble Al was not mainly composed of simple Al–citrate or Al–oxalate complexes. These results support our hypothesis that oenothein B contributes to internal detoxification of Al in the symplast of E. camaldulensis roots.

    DOI: 10.1080/13416979.2017.1326656

  • 土壌中における炭化物の存在とその機能 査読

    平舘俊太郎

    木質炭化学会誌   13 ( 1 )   3 - 9   2016年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 土壌の物質循環機能を多角的にみる―最先端手法が切り拓く新たな姿 査読

    和穎朗太, 藤井一至, 磯部一夫, 平舘俊太郎, 平舘俊太郎, 伊田奈緒美, 西村拓, 常田岳志, 常田岳志, 光延聖, 妹尾啓史

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌   87 ( 4 )   283‐288 - 288   2016年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    土壌の物質循環機能を多角的にみる―最先端手法が切り拓く新たな姿

    DOI: 10.20710/dojo.87.4_283

  • 火山が農業にもたらす恩恵 (火山が生態系に与える影響) 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    地球環境   21 ( 1 )   55 - 66   2016年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Volcano-originated services for agriculture

  • 南西諸島の成り立ちとその土地の利用:

    金城 和俊, 渕山 律子, 前島 勇治, Syuntaro Hiradate

    ペドロジスト   60 ( 1 )   46 - 46   2016年6月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.18920/pedologist.60.1_46

  • Soil-water repellency characteristic curves for soil profiles with organic carbon gradients 査読

    Nadeeka Senani Wijewardana, Karin Mueller, Per Moldrup, Brent Clothier, Toshiko Komatsu, Syuntaro Hiradate, Lis Wollesen de Jonge, Ken Kawamoto

    GEODERMA   264   150 - 159   2016年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Soil water repellency (SWR) of soils is a property with significant consequences for agricultural water management, water infiltration, contaminant transport, and for soil erosion. It is caused by the presence of hydrophobic agents on mineral grain surfaces. Soils were samples in different depths at three forest sites in Japan and three pasture sites in New Zealand, covering soil organic carbon (SOC) contents between 1 and 26&#37;. The SWR was measured over a range of water contents by three common methods; the water drop penetration time (WDPT) test, the molarity of an ethanol droplet (MED) method, and the sessile drop method (SDM). The aim to (i) compare the methods, (ii) characterize the soil-water repellency characteristic curves (SWRCC) being SWR as a function of the volumetric soil-water content (theta) or matric potential (psi), and (iii) find relationships between SWRCC parameters and SOC content. The WDPT, MED, and SDM generally agreed well in predicting the theta Orange where SWR occurred, and there was close agreement between SWR results determined by average MED and SDM at similar theta. Generally, SWR was only found within the top 20 cm of the soil profiles. Six SWR parameters were introduced: (i) the area under the curve (S-WR(theta)); (ii) theta at the maximum SWR (theta(WR-max)), (iii) theta where SWR ceased (theta(non-WR)), (iv) the maximum SWR (CA(i-max)) (v) pF at the maximum SWR (pF(WR-max)) and (vi) pF where SWR ceased (pF(non-WR)) The relationship between the first three parameters and SOC content were best described with Langmuir type equations (r(2) of 0.5-0.7), while the other three parameters changed linearly with SOC contents. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.10.020

  • Arsinothricin, a novel organoarsenic species produced by a rice rhizosphere bacterium

    Masato Kuramata, Futa Sakakibara, Ryota Kataoka, Kenichi Yamazaki, Koji Baba, Masumi Ishizaka, Syuntaro Hiradate, Tsunashi Kamo, Satoru Ishikawa

    Environmental Chemistry   13 ( 4 )   723 - 723   2016年2月

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    記述言語:その他   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Environmental contextRice is a major human dietary source of arsenic. We identified a novel organoarsenic species, arsinothricin, produced by a bacterium in the rice rhizosphere. This result suggests diverse biochemical dynamics and microbial biodiversity of arsenic metabolism in the rice rhizosphere. AbstractMethylated arsenic compounds in rice grains originate from the action of soil bacteria in the rice rhizosphere. Here, we investigated the chemical structures of arsenic compounds produced by a bacterium, Burkholderia gladioli strain GSRB05, in the rice rhizosphere. When cultured in liquid R2A medium containing arsenite (AsIII), strain GSRB05 produced two unknown novel arsenic compounds that were later identified as arsinothricin (AST, 2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylarsinoyl)butanoic acid), an arsenic mimetic of the herbicide phosphinothricin, and a probable hydroxyl precursor of AST, termed AST-OH (2-amino-4-(dihydroxyarsonoyl)butanoic acid). The chemical structure of AST was determined by means of liquid chromatography–high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry and NMR analyses, whereas that of AST-OH was estimated by means of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Time-dependent AsIII transformation by strain GSRB05 showed that AST was produced after AST-OH. Compared with AsIII, AST showed higher absorption by, and was more toxic to, Escherichia coli DH5α cells in M9 minimal medium, which lacks amino acids. These findings have implications for the environmental transfer of arsenic, and human health consequences in terms of our dietary burden of arsenic.

    DOI: 10.1071/en14247

  • Fate of Higher-Mass Elements and Surface Functional Groups during the Pyrolysis of Waste Pecan Shell 査読

    Keith Jones, Girish Ramakrishnan, Minori Uchimiya, Alexander Orlov, Marco J. Castaldi, Jeffrey LeBlanc, Syuntaro Hiradate

    ENERGY & FUELS   29 ( 12 )   8095 - 8101   2015年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Thermochemical conversion of agricultural wastes to bioenergy has a potential to play forefront roles within the context of the food, energy, and water nexus. The biochar solid product of pyrolysis is a promising tool to manage food crop production and water resources by means of soil amendment. The goal of this study was to understand the fate of surface functional groups and higher-atomic-mass elements during the pyrolysis of pecan shell, which is known to accumulate calcium oxalate. Pecan shell feedstock and biochars were analyzed ex situ using X-ray computed microtomography and solid-state C-13 cross-polarization and magic-angle-spinning NMR spectroscopy; the pyrolysis kinetics was monitored in situ by thermogravimetric analysis gas chromatography (TGA-GC). The NMR spectra indicated the greatest (i) reduction in O/N alkyl functionality and (ii) increase in the aromatic peak between 300 and 500 degrees C. Primary physical transformation was observed near 400 degrees C in the tomography slice images and corresponding attenuation coefficients. Key changes in physical structure (microtomography) as well as chemical constituents (solid-state NMR) of pecan shell at 300-500 degrees C coincided with the evolution of gaseous products (hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethylene, and ethane, as monitored in situ by TGA-GC) occurring at 200-500 degrees C. These observations followed the reported (0 formation and removal of carboxyl surface functional groups of biochar and (ii) conversion of calcium oxalate to carbonate, both occurring at the key transition temperature near 400 degrees C. Combined with the mass balance (99.7&#37;) obtained for gas-, liquid-, and solid-phase products, these findings will facilitate reactor design to optimize syngas and bio-oil yields and manipulate the surface reactivity of biochar soil amendment.

    DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02428

  • Effects of soil erosion and seabird activities on chemical properties of surface soils on an oceanic island in Ogasawara Islands, Japan 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Sayaka Morita, Kenji Hata, Takeshi Osawa, Kyoko Sugai, Naoki Kachi

    CATENA   133   495 - 502   2015年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To conserve indigenous natural ecosystem and help in the recovery of natural vegetation on Nakoudojima Island, which is a subtropical oceanic island in Ogasawara Islands in Japan, we clarified the mechanisms of the changes in soil chemical properties as affected by soil erosion and seabird activities on the island. Under grassland vegetation where influence of feral goat (exotic species) had been severe, the chemical properties of surface soils with a thickness of 5 cm were variable even in a small area of 0.375 km(2); pH(H2O) value range between 4.6 and 6.9, total C content range between 0.36 and 5.62&#37;, total N content range between 0.03 and 0.45&#37;, exchangeable acidity range between 0.5 and 50 mmol(c) kg(-1), and plant-available phosphate (Bray II P) range between 0.4 and 170 mg P2O5 100 g(-1). By clarifying soil profile characteristics under natural and disturbed vegetation and distribution patterns of these soils on the island, the changes in the soil chemical properties were reasonably assigned to the effect of soil erosion caused by feral goats for increased soil exchangeable acidity and decreased soil pH (mainly found in inland area) and to the effect of seabird activities for increased Bray II P and soil exchangeable acidity and decreased soil pH (mainly found in outer rim area with high altitude). It was also clarified that the high soil exchangeable acidity was significantly related to the low productivity of plant biomass for these plots (P<0.01). Soil erosion would have removed surface soils having weak acidity and exposed subsoils having strong acidity to the ground surface, resulting in inhibition of plant growth and delay of vegetation recovery. Based on the findings obtained in the present study, several options were proposed to stop soil erosion and to recover the vegetation, although careful preliminary examination would be necessary for applying them. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2015.04.013

  • 2-1-27 放射性セシウム捕捉ポテンシャル(RIP)のセシウム濃度依存性(2-1 土壌有機・無機成分の構造・機能・ダイナミクス,2015年度京都大会)

    山口 紀子, 中尾 淳, 武田 晃, 塚田 祥文, 江口 定夫, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 61 )   22   2015年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P4-1-17 草原生植物が生育する土壌環境と植物体内における無機栄養元素組成 ツリガネニンジン、ススキ、セイタカアワダチソウの比較(ポスター,4-1 植物の多量栄養素,2015年度京都大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 小柳 知代, 楠本 良延

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 61 )   64   2015年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P2-1-1 マングローブ林地と森林地のリター、土壌および溶存有機物の特性(ポスター,2-1 土壌有機・無機成分の構造・機能・ダイナミクス,2015年度京都大会)

    金城 和俊, 森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 61 )   23   2015年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • I-3 ^<31>P核磁気共鳴スペクトルを利用した土壌リンの存在形態解析(I 土壌の物質循環機能を多角的にみる-最先端手法が切り拓く新たな姿,シンポジウム,2015年度京都大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 伊田 奈緒美, 西村 拓

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 61 )   199   2015年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 6 畑土壌における粒状石灰窒素の成分の分解と拡散(関東支部講演会,2014年度各支部会)

    尾和 尚人, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 61 )   255   2015年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Dissolved Phosphorus Speciation of Flash Carbonization, Slow Pyrolysis, and Fast Pyrolysis Biochars 査読

    Minori Uchimiya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Michael Jerry Antal

    ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING   3 ( 7 )   1642 - 1649   2015年7月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Pyrolysis of waste biomass is a promising technology to produce sterile and renewable organic phosphorus fertilizers. Systematic studies are necessary to understand how different pyrolysis platforms influence the chemical speciation of dissolved (bioavailable) phosphorus. This study employed solution-phase P-31 NMR analyses on slow pyrolysis, fast pyrolysis, and flash carbonization charcoals. Dissolved P speciation of ash-rich (15-62 wt &#37;) biochars produced from manures, sewage sludge, and corn stover were compared with low ash (2-5 wt &#37;) pecan shell biochars. Each biochar was sequentially extracted to investigate the strongly complexed (by NaOH-EDTA; 250 mM NaOH+5 mM EDTA for 16 h) and acid-extractable (by acidic oxalate; 200 mM oxalate at pH 3.5 for 4 h) P fractions. In NaOH-EDTA extracts, P concentration correlated (p < 0.0005) with Zn (r = 0.89), Mn (r = 0.90), and Mg (r = 0.98) concentrations. A strong correlation between orthophosphate and Mg (r = 0.98, p < 0.0005; n = 13) indicated the presence of Mg orthophosphate (and struvite or whitlockite) in all biochars. Only in acidic oxalate extracts, P concentration correlated (p < 0.0005) with Al (r = 0.87) and Fe (r = 0.92) concentrations. Pyrophosphate (P2O74-) persisted (2352&#37; of total P in NaOH-EDTA extracts) in low-ash pecan shell 300-700 degrees C slow pyrolysis biochars. In contrast, ash-rich biochars were primarily (>= 90&#37;) composed of inorganic orthophosphate (PO43-), except 350 degrees C slow pyrolysis swine manure biochar (26&#37; pyrophosphate) and sewage sludge-derived flash carbonization charcoal (14&#37; pyrophosphate). Solid-state C-13 cross-polarization and magic angle spinning NMR analyses of bulk aromaticity indicated partially carbonized (aliphatic) nature of 350 degrees C swine manure biochar. Surface functional groups of swine manure and sewage sludge biochars could stabilize pyrophosphate by (i) utilizing bridging cations (Al-3+, Fe-3+, and Mg-2+) to form stable six-membered ring complexes, and (ii) direct hydrogen bonding.

    DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00336

  • Assessing the carbon compositions and sources of mangrove peat in a tropical mangrove forest on Pohnpei Island, Federated States of Micronesia 査読

    Kenji Ono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Sayaka Morita, Masakazu Hiraide, Yasumasa Hirata, Kiyoshi Fujimoto, Ryuichi Tabuchi, Saimon Lihpai

    GEODERMA   245   11 - 20   2015年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To evaluate organic carbon (OC) accumulation processes in peat deposits in tropical mangrove ecosystems, solid-state C-13 cross-polarization and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance signals were measured to determine the DC compositions of decomposed leaves and roots. These account for a large majority of mangrove litters and mangrove peat in a coral reef-type Rhizophora forest on Pohnpei Island, Federated States of Micronesia. Radiocarbon dating was also used to understand the sources of peat deposits at each depth. The mass loss rate of mangrove leaves during 1-year litterbag incubation was much higher than that of roots. These mass loss rates are expected to be affected by the varying chemical characteristics of leaves and roots and the different aerobic/hydrological conditions present in the two litter types during decomposition. The decomposability of individual DC components also varied markedly between leaf and root litters. Significant increases in aryl-C/O-alkyl-C and aliphatic-C/O-alkyl-C ratios and minor increases in the aryl-C/aliphatic-C ratio during leaf decomposition implied that O-alkyl-C was more labile than aryl- and aliphatic-C and that aliphatic-C was also slightly more decomposable than aryl-C, but not significantly so, in leaf litters on the forest floor. Regarding roots, a stable aryl-C/O-alkyl-C ratio during decomposition suggested that aryl- and O-alkyl-C components did not differ greatly in decomposability in the peat deposit, while the minor increase in the aliphatic-/O-alkyl-C ratio and the substantial decrease in the aryl-/aliphatic-C ratio with decomposition implied that aliphatic-C was more recalcitrant than aryl- and O-alkyl-C in the peat. The DC compositional properties were quite homogenous throughout the peat profile, and C-14 dating mostly indicated modern, which suggest that large amounts of mangrove roots penetrate to at least 80 cm depth. These findings provide quantitative and qualitative insights into the potential importance of very high production of mangrove fine roots for DC accumulation in peat in tropical mangrove ecosystems. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.01.008

  • Influence of Carbonization Methods on the Aromaticity of Pyrogenic Dissolved Organic Carbon 査読

    Minori Uchimiya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Michael Jerry Antal

    ENERGY & FUELS   29 ( 4 )   2503 - 2513   2015年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) components of soil amendments, such as biochar, will influence the fundamental soil chemistry, including the metal speciation, nutrient availability, and microbial activity. Quantitative correlation is necessary between (i) pyrogenic DOC components of varying aromaticity and ionizable (carboxyl and hydroxyl) substituents and (ii) bulk and solution properties of biochars. This study employed fluorescence excitationemission (EEM) spectrophotometry with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) to understand the influence of the pyrolysis platform (flash and high-yield carbonization, slow pyrolysis, and fast pyrolysis) and solution pH on the DOC structure of carbonaceous materials. The PARAFAC fingerprint representative of conjugated, polyaromatic DOC correlated (Pearsons r >= 0.6; p < 0.005) with (i) volatile matter content and (ii) total organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations in water and base (50100 mM NaOH) extracts. Electric conductivity of the extracts correlated with S (indicative of labile sulfate species) and Na + K concentrations (r > 0.9; p < 0.0005). The pH-dependent changes in fluorescence peak position and intensity suggested (i) protonation of carboxylate/phenolic functionalities and (ii) acid-induced aggregation of colloidal particles for <= 350 degrees C slow-pyrolysis biochars; DOC of high-yield/flash carbonization charcoals and >= 500 degrees C slow-pyrolysis biochars were less sensitive to pH. Solid-state 13C cross-polarization and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of bulk aromaticity (-C-C peak at 110-160 ppm) suggested that both recalcitrant and labile fluorescence DOC fingerprints are composed of polyaromatic structures that begin to form near 350 degrees C. These biochar-borne DOC components of varying aromaticity and carboxyl substituents will participate in hydrophobic and hydrogen-bonding interactions with soil components that will ultimately impact the biogeochemical cycles.

    DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b00146

  • Nature of soil organo-mineral assemblage examined by sequential density fractionation with and without sonication: Is allophanic soil different? 査読

    Wagai, Rota, Kajiura, Masako, Asano, Maki, Hiradate, Syuntaro

    GEODERMA   241   295 - 305   2015年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Organic matter (OM) bound to soil mineral particles (higher-density particles) tends to be more stabilized, enriched in C-13 and N-15, and has a lower C:N ratio. Yet how these variations in OM chemistry are linked to the nature of organo-mineral assemblage remains poorly understood, especially in allophanic soils where high amounts of OM are stabilized by interactions with reactive inorganic phases such as short-range-order (SRO) minerals. We thus assessed the extent to which the degree of aggregation and its disruption during fractionation control the distribution and chemistry of the soil organo-mineral particles across six density fractions using a volcanic soil (allophanic Andisol) based on selective dissolution, microscopy (SEM), solid-state C-13 NMR spectroscopy and delta C-13 and delta N-15 analyses. Intermediate-density fractions (2.0-2.5 g cm(-3)) accounted for 63-86&#37; of organic C and N, 73-93&#37; of pyrophosphate-extractable iron and aluminum (Fep, Alp), and 78-95&#37; of oxalate-extractable metals (Feo, Alo) in the bulk soil sample. While air-drying pretreatment had little effect, sonication during fractionation led to (i) fragmentation of both plant detritus and some of the aggregates of 30-100 mm sizes, (ii) release of occluded low-density fraction (<1.6 g cm(-3)) which largely originated from the aggregates of 1.6-2.0 g cm(-3) density range, and (iii) redistribution of organo-mineral particles (15-16&#37; of total OM and 7-19&#37; of the extractable metals) within the intermediate density fractions. Positive correlation of Alp with C:N ratio and negative correlation of Alp with delta N-15 among the fractions suggest preferential binding of Alp phase (e.g., organo-Al complexes) to decaying plant detritus. Positive correlation of Alo and Feo with delta N-15, together with theoretical density calculations of idealistic organo-mineral association modes, suggests that N-15 enrichment may be coupled with OM binding to SRO minerals and with the formation of physically-stable aggregates of micron/submicron sizes in accord with our conceptual model (Asano and Wagai, 2014). The general pattern of C-13 and N-15 enrichment and C:N decline with increasing particle density remained largely unchanged despite the sonication effects detected, indicating that sonication-resistant organo-mineral assemblages largely control the observed patterns. The similarity in the density-dependent changes of OM chemistry between the studied Andisol and the soils with crystalline clay and metal oxide mineralogies in previous studies strongly suggests a common biogeochemical control which deserves further investigation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.11.028

  • 農地表層土壌中の放射性セシウム濃度分布図作成のための緊急調査 (農業環境技術研究所における東京電力福島第一原子力発電所事故関連の2011年の放射能研究)

    高田 裕介, 神山 和則, 小原 洋, 前島 勇治, Syuntaro Hiradate, 木方 展治, 齋藤 隆, 谷山 一郎

    農業環境技術研究所報告 = Bulletin of National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences   ( 34 )   43 - 51   2015年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Emergency Survey for Spatial Mapping of Radioactive Cesium Concentration in Agricultural Soil

  • Contribution of soil esterase to biodegradation of aliphatic polyester agricultural mulch film in cultivated soils 査読

    Kimiko Yamamoto-Tamura, Syuntaro Hiradate, Takashi Watanabe, Motoo Koitabashi, Yuka Sameshima-Yamashita, Tohru Yarimizu, Hiroko Kitamoto

    AMB EXPRESS   5   10   2015年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The relationship between degradation speed of soil-buried biodegradable polyester film in a farmland and the characteristics of the predominant polyester-degrading soil microorganisms and enzymes were investigated to determine the BP-degrading ability of cultivated soils through characterization of the basal microbial activities and their transition in soils during BP film degradation. Degradation of poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) film was evaluated in soil samples from different cultivated fields in Japan for 4 weeks. Both the degradation speed of the PBSA film and the esterase activity were found to be correlated with the ratio of colonies that produced clear zone on fungal minimum medium-agarose plate with emulsified PBSA to the total number colonies counted. Time-dependent change in viable counts of the PBSA-degrading fungi and esterase activities were monitored in soils where buried films showed the most and the least degree of degradation. During the degradation of PBSA film, the viable counts of the PBSA-degrading fungi and the esterase activities in soils, which adhered to the PBSA film, increased with time. The soil, where the film was degraded the fastest, recorded large PBSA-degrading fungal population and showed high esterase activity compared with the other soil samples throughout the incubation period. Meanwhile, esterase activity and viable counts of PBSA-degrading fungi were found to be stable in soils without PBSA film. These results suggest that the higher the distribution ratio of native PBSA-degrading fungi in the soil, the faster the film degradation is. This could be due to the rapid accumulation of secreted esterases in these soils.

    DOI: 10.1186/s13568-014-0088-x

  • Eucalyptus camaldulensisのアルミニウム無毒化タンニンの特性解析

    田原 恒, 橋田 光, Syuntaro Hiradate, 篠原 健司

    日本森林学会大会発表データベース   126 ( 0 )   92   2015年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    [in Japanese]

    DOI: 10.11519/jfsc.126.0_92

  • シンポジウム 三瓶山地域における火山灰土壌の生成と特性

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    ペドロジスト   58 ( 2 )   93 - 100   2014年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    世界の陸地面積に占める火山灰土壌の割合は1&#37;未満であるのに対し,日本の陸地面積に占める割合は少なくとも17&#37;に達する(菅野ら,1999)。とりわけ,日本では農耕地に占める火山灰土壌の割合が高く(畑地の約50&#37;,水田の約20&#37;),その農作物生産性における問題点やその改良法などが精力的に研究され,多くの成果を挙げてきた。また,日本における火山灰土壌の生成とその分類に関する研究も多くの成果を生み出しているが,これらの成果の中には今後のさらなる議論を経たのちに一般化される必要があるものも少なくないと考えられる。ここでは,火山灰土壌の生成論を中心に得られた知見をレビューし,その中で三瓶山地域における火山灰土壌の生成および特性の位置づけを明らかにしたい。

  • 日本ペドロジー学会主催「ペドロジストのための地形学・第四紀地質学講座」開催報告(プロファイル)

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    ペドロジスト   58 ( 2 )   115 - 116   2014年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 島根の地質~生態系~人間活動(農業・石見銀山開発・たたら製鉄)と土壌生成

    増永 二之, Syuntaro Hiradate, 渕山 律子

    ペドロジスト   58 ( 2 )   79 - 80   2014年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Geology-Ecosystem-Human Activities in Shimane (Agriculture・Iwami Ginzan・Tatara Steel Manufacture) and Soil Formation

  • 日本土壌肥料学会賞受賞 核磁気共鳴法を利用した土壌中における元素動態の解明

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   85 ( 5 )   401 - 404   2014年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Studies on the behavior of elements in soils by using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(NMR)(JSSPN Awards)

    DOI: 10.20710/dojo.85.5_401

  • 31. ABAは土壌に吸着されにくい(口頭発表,植物化学調節学会第49回大会)

    櫻井 栄, 加茂 綱嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate, 轟 泰司

    植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集   49 ( 0 )   49 - 49   2014年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    31. ABA is poorly adsorbed to soils

  • Complex Interrelationships Among Aboveground Biomass, Soil Chemical Properties, and Events Caused by Feral Goats and Their Eradication in a Grassland Ecosystem of an Island 査読

    Kenji Hata, Mari Kohri, Sayaka Morita, Syuntaro Hiradate, Naoki Kachi

    ECOSYSTEMS   17 ( 6 )   1082 - 1094   2014年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    This study examined the recovery, via biotic and abiotic pathways, of a grassland ecosystem after eradication of introduced exotic goats. We used path analyses to evaluate the relative strength of relationships among aboveground biomass, soil chemical properties (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content; soil acidity), presence of nesting seabirds after goat eradication, extent of vegetation degraded by goats before their eradication, plant species composition after removal of goats, and topography. Models including the same variables with different paths were constructed using the Bayesian estimation method, and the best-fit models were constructed by comparing deviance information criterion values. Results of the path analyses demonstrated that vegetation degradation and soil erosion prior to goat eradication increased soil exchangeable acidity, which resulted in limitation of aboveground biomass. Seabird nesting after goat eradication increased the quantity of soil nutrients, possibly through inputs of feces, eggshells, and dead chicks or adults. The increase in nutrients was affected indirectly, via seabird nesting, by topography and vegetation type after goat eradication. The direct and indirect relationships demonstrated by our results suggest the existence of complex interrelationships during recovery of ecosystem function after eradication of exotic mammals.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10021-014-9780-6

  • 学-3 核磁気共鳴法を利用した土壌中における元素動態の解明(日本土壌肥料学会賞記念講演,2014年度東京大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 60 )   233   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P5-1-2 小笠原諸島・媒島に分布する土壌の特性と分類(ポスター,5-1 土壌生成・分類,2014年度東京大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 大澤 剛士, 可知 直毅

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 60 )   84   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P4-3-5 異なるアルミニウム集積植物におけるアルミニウムの集積形態と分布(ポスター,4-3 植物の有害元素,2014年度東京大会)

    前島 恵理子, 渡部 敏裕, Syuntaro Hiradate, Steven Jansen, 大崎 満

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 60 )   75   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P4-2-2 塩塚高原に生育する各種植物の土壌環境の違いによるイオノーム変動(ポスター,4-2 植物の微量栄養素,2014年度東京大会)

    渡部 敏裕, 楠本 良延, 森田 沙綾香, 小柳 知代, 大崎 満, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 60 )   65   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P2-1-3 マレーシア国サラワク州における油ヤシプランテーション下の熱帯泥炭土の炭素組成(ポスター,2-1 土壌有機・無機成分の構造・機能・ダイナミクス,2014年度東京大会)

    加藤 紀香, Syuntaro Hiradate, 田中 治夫, Lulie Melling, 眞家 永光, Chaddy Auldry, 木村 園子D

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 60 )   25   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 7 石灰窒素の施用量と粒径が湛水土壌の窒素動態に及ぼす影響(続報)(関東支部講演会,2013年度各支部会)

    尾和 尚人, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 60 )   266   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 2-1-13 土壌団粒内で起こる土壌有機物の長期的動態を物理分画アプローチから考察する Part2 : 走査型透過軟X線顕微鏡を用いた官能基別有機炭素と無機物の空間分布(2-1 土壌有機・無機成分の構造・機能・ダイナミクス,2014年度東京大会)

    浅野 眞希, 和穎 朗太, 山口 紀子, 武市 泰男, 前田 誠, Syuntaro Hiradate, 菅 大暉, 神農 宗徹

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 60 )   20   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 2-1-12 土壌団粒内で起こる土壌有機物の長期的動態を物理分画アプローチから考察する Part 1.鉱物組成の大きく異なる土壌タイプの比較(2-1 土壌有機・無機成分の構造・機能・ダイナミクス,2014年度東京大会)

    和穎 朗太, 浅野 眞希, 梶浦 雅子, 早川 智恵, 井上 弦, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   60 ( 60 )   19   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.60.0_19_3

  • 1-1-27 放射性セシウムの固液分配係数の変動要因(1-1 物質循環・動態,2014年度東京大会)

    江口 定夫, 吉川 省子, 板橋 直, 井倉 将人, 木方 展治, 坂西 研二, 江口 敦, 朝田 景, 神山 和則, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤原 英司, 山口 紀子, 藤村 恵人, 斎藤 隆, 大越 聡, 倉本 寛太

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   60 ( 60 )   9 - 9   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.60.0_9_3

  • A new method to quantify how water repellency compromises soils' filtering function 査読

    K. Mueller, M. Deurer, K. Kawamoto, T. Kuroda, S. Subedi, S. Hiradate, T. Komatsu, B. E. Clothier

    EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE   65 ( 3 )   348 - 359   2014年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Soil water repellency (SWR) is known to lead to preferential flow and to degrade the soil's filtering efficiency. However, no method is available to quantify directly how SWR affects the transport of reactive solutes. We propose a new method for conducting solute transport experiments in water-repellent soils. It involves sequentially applying two liquids, one water, the other a reference fully wetting liquid, namely aqueous ethanol, to the same intact soil core with air-drying between liquids. We applied this approach to quantify the impact of SWR on the filtering of the herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in two Andosols. In batch experiments conducted prior to the transport experiments, 2,4-D sorption was not influenced by aqueous ethanol for one soil. However, sorption in the second soil followed the co-solvency theory, which predicts decreasing sorption with increasing solvent fractions. Thus, sorption experiments are necessary to complement our new method. Breakthrough curves were characterized by preferential flow with large initial concentrations, tailing and a long prevalence of solutes remaining in the soil. In the soil in which 2,4-D sorption was unaffected by aqueous ethanol, SWR increased 2,4-D losses by four and 50 times in the first 5-mm outflow compared with the 2,4-D losses with water. After 50-mm outflow, the 2,4-D losses were similar for one core, but in the other core they were still about four times greater with water than with aqueous ethanol. This method to quantify the reduction of the soil's filtering efficiency by SWR is needed for assessing the increased risk of groundwater contamination by solutes exogenously applied to water-repellent soils.

    DOI: 10.1111/ejss.12136

  • Comparative analysis of aluminum accumulation in leaves of three angiosperm species 査読

    Eriko Maejima, Syuntaro Hiradate, Steven Jansen, Mitsuru Osaki, Toshihiro Watanabe

    BOTANY-BOTANIQUE   92 ( 5 )   327 - 331   2014年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Aluminum (Al) accumulators are widely distributed in the plant kingdom but phylogenetic implications of internal Al detoxification mechanisms are not well understood. We investigated differences in the characteristics of Al accumulation (i.e., accumulation potential, chemical form, and localization) in three woody Al accumulators, Symplocos chinensis (Lour.) Druce var. leucocarpa (Nakai) Ohwi f. pilosa (Nakai) Ohwi (Symplocaceae, Ericales), Melastoma malabathricum L., and Tibouchina urvilleana Cogn. (both Melastomataceae, Myrtales). The order of Al accumulation potential under hydroponic conditions was S. chinensis approximate to M. malabathricum > T. urvilleana. Oxalate was at least partly involved in the internal Al detoxification mechanisms in leaves of all three Al accumulators, based on a correlation analysis between Al and organic acid in water and 0.02 mol.L-1 HCl extracts and the Al-27 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of intact leaves. However, the Al forms in the leaves were not simple Al-ligand complexes in a specific cell structure. Al localization in leaf sections differed among the three species. Extremely high levels of Al were found in trichomes of the lower epidermis in leaves of T. urvilleana. These data illustrate that woody Al-accumulating angiosperms have independently developed various internal Al-tolerance mechanisms in which oxalate plays a significant role.

    DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2013-0298

  • 高いアレロパシー活性を有する植物種のスクリーニング 査読

    加茂綱嗣, 平舘俊太郎, 作野えみ, 竹村知子, 藤井義晴

    農業環境研究成果情報   30   2014年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    高いアレロパシー活性を有する植物種のスクリーニング

  • Pyrolysis Temperature-Dependent Changes in Dissolved Phosphorus Speciation of Plant and Manure Biochars 査読

    Minori Uchimiya, Syuntaro Hiradate

    JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY   62 ( 8 )   1802 - 1809   2014年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Pyrolysis of plant and animal wastes produces a complex mixture of phosphorus species in amorphous, semicrystalline, and crystalline inorganic phases, organic (char) components, and within organo-mineral complexes. To understand the solubility of different phosphorus species, plant (cottonseed hull) and manure (broiler litter) wastes were pyrolyzed at 350, 500, 650, and 800 degrees C and exposed to increasingly more rigorous extraction procedures: water (16 h), Mehlich 3 (1 mM EDTA at pH 2.5 for 5 mm), oxalate (200 mM oxalate at pH 3.5 for 4 h), NaOH-EDTA (250 mM NaOH + 5 mM EDTA for 16 h), and total by microwave digestion (concentrated HNO3/HCl + 30&#37; H2O2). Relative to the total (microwave digestible) P, the percentage of extractable P increased in the following order: M3 < oxalate approximate to water < NaOH-EDTA for plant biochars and water < M3 < NaOH-EDTA < oxalate for manure biochars. Solution phase P-31 NMR analysis of NaOH-EDTA extracts showed the conversion of phytate to inorganic P by pyrolysis of manure and plant wastes at 350 degrees C. Inorganic orthophosphate (PO43-) became the sole species of >= 500 degrees C manure biochars, whereas pyrophosphate (P2O74-) persisted in plant biochars up to 650 degrees C. These observations suggested the predominance of (i) amorphous (rather than crystalline) calcium phosphate in manure biochars, especially at >= 650 degrees C, and (ii) strongly complexed pyrophosphate in plant biochars (especially at 350-500 degrees C). Correlation (Pearson's) was observed (i) between electric conductivity and ash content of biochars with the amount of inorganic P species and (ii) between total organic carbon and volatile matter contents with the organic P species.

    DOI: 10.1021/jf4053385

  • Characterisation of Andosols from Laacher See tephra by wet-chemical and spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, Al-27-, Si-29-NMR) 査読

    Thilo Rennert, Karin Eusterhues, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hergen Breitzke, Gerd Buntkowsky, Kai U. Totsche, Tim Mansfeldt

    CHEMICAL GEOLOGY   363 ( 10 )   13 - 21   2014年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    At 12,900 a BP, the eruption of the Laacher See volcano generated a new parent material for Holocene soil formation in parts of Western Germany. Weathering of these ashes commonly includes the formation of poorly crystalline minerals such as allophane, imogolite and ferrihydrite. Detection of these minerals in soil is difficult, yet an important task, because they may govern soil functions and processes, e. g., stabilisation of organic matter and nutrient availability. Therefore, we characterised three forested Andosols by a combination of wet-chemical and spectroscopic techniques including infrared and (Al-27, Si-29) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy together with X-ray diffractometry. Deconvoluting the Si-29-NMR spectra revealed that 1.6 to 10.4&#37; of total Si was present as allophanic compounds, which coincided with the amounts of oxalate-extractable Si. Since extraction methods are not completely selective, we observed a slight overestimation of allophanic Si estimated from oxalate extraction. Although the sites under study are located close to each other in similar relief positions and with similar vegetation, the combination of our results revealed varying amounts of loess in the parent materials and varying weathering intensity. High weathering intensities correlate with the amounts of allophane. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.10.029

  • Transcriptomic evaluation of the enhanced plant growth-inhibitory activity caused by derivatization of cis-cinnamic acid 査読

    Naoya Wasano, Mami Sugano, Keisuke Nishikawa, Katsuhiro Okuda, Mitsuru Shindo, So Young Park, Syuntaro Hiradate, Tsunashi Kamo, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Pesticide Sciences   39 ( 2 )   85 - 90   2014年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To establish a rapid high-throughput evaluation system for the enhanced plant growth-inhibitory activity caused by modifications of cis-cinnamic acid's (cis-CA's) chemical structure, a DNA microarray assay was used to analyze the changes in early gene responses of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. After a 6-hr exposure to (Z)-3-(3-iodophenyl)acrylic acid, we observed an upregulation in three classes of early auxin-responsive genes, which was similar to the transcriptional response to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), together with an upregulation of the genes related to environmental stress and toxin detoxification responses. Gene responses to 2-(3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1-yl)acetic acid were similar to those to IAA. In contrast, fewer genes were upregulated in response to its double-bond isomer, (Z)-2-[3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-ylidene]acetic acid, than to cis-CA. DNA microarray data suggest that the structurally different cis-CA analogues trigger diverse gene responses.

    DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.D13-090

  • Fine-scale distribution of aboveground biomass of herbaceous vegetation and soil nutrients on an oceanic island after goat eradication are correlated with grazing damage and seabird nesting 査読

    Kenji Hata, Mari Kohri, Sayaka Morita, Syuntaro Hiradate, Naoki Kachi

    Pacific Conservation Biology   20 ( 4 )   344 - 353   2014年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    We tested whether vegetation recovery on an oceanic island after the eradication of feral goats is related to disturbances by goats and recovery of seabird nesting in an island. To test, we investigated relationships among the aboveground biomass of herbaceous vegetation, nutrient concentrations in the soil after goat eradication, and vegetation degradation before goat eradication and seabird nesting after the eradication. The investigation was conducted on the island of Nakoudojima, a subtropical island situated in the northwestern Pacific Ocean with consideration of fine-scale variation of topography and structure of current vegetation. The aboveground biomass of herbaceous vegetation was correlated with the presence of vegetation degradation before goat eradication but not with seabird nesting after eradication. Concentrations of carbon and nitrogen in the soil were correlated with both the presence of vegetation degradation and seabird nesting. The concentration of available phosphorus in the soil was correlated with nesting seabirds but not with vegetation degradation. The presence of nesting seabirds was correlated with differences in dominant species in the vegetation after goat eradication and with topography. Our results suggested that fine-scale heterogeneities of the aboveground biomass of herbaceous vegetation and the concentrations of nutrients in the soil after goat eradication in an island could be related to vegetation degradation and subsequent erosion of surface soil caused by goats and seabird nesting after the goat eradication.

    DOI: 10.1071/PC140344

  • Comparative analysis of aluminum accumulation in leaves of three angiosperm species 査読

    Eriko Maejima, Syuntaro Hiradate, Steven Jansen, Mitsuru Osaki, Toshihiro Watanabe

    Botany   92 ( 5 )   327 - 331   2014年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Aluminum (Al) accumulators are widely distributed in the plant kingdom but phylogenetic implications of internal Al detoxification mechanisms are not well understood. We investigated differences in the characteristics of Al accumulation (i.e., accumulation potential, chemical form, and localization) in three woody Al accumulators, Symplocos chinensis (Lour.) Druce var. leucocarpa (Nakai) Ohwi f. pilosa (Nakai) Ohwi (Symplocaceae, Ericales), Melastoma malabathricum L., and Tibouchina urvilleana Cogn. (both Melastomataceae, Myrtales). The order of Al accumulation potential under hydroponic conditions was S. chinensis ≈ M. malabathricum > T. urvilleana. Oxalate was at least partly involved in the internal Al detoxification mechanisms in leaves of all three Al accumulators, based on a correlation analysis between Al and organic acid in water and 0.02 mol·L-1 HCl extracts and the 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of intact leaves. However, the Al forms in the leaves were not simple Al-ligand complexes in a specific cell structure. Al localization in leaf sections differed among the three species. Extremely high levels of Al were found in trichomes of the lower epidermis in leaves of T. urvilleana. These data illustrate that woody Al-accumulating angiosperms have independently developed various internal Al-tolerance mechanisms in which oxalate plays a significant role.

    DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2013-0298

  • ノヤギ駆除後の媒島の草地植生の地上部バイオマス 土壌の化学特性 環境要因との関係

    畑 憲治, 郡 麻里, 森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate, 可知 直毅

    小笠原研究年報   ( 38 )   75 - 85   2014年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    野生化ヤギ(ノヤギ)の駆除後、生態系機能の回復過程を評価するために、ノヤギ駆除から約10年経過した媒島の草地生態系において、植生のバイオマス、土壌の化学的特性、ノヤギの駆除前後のイベント(ノヤギ駆除前の植生の退行に伴う裸地化、ノヤギ駆除後の海鳥の営巣)との関係を間接効果も含めて明らかにした。植生の地上部バイオマス、土壌の化学的特性(全炭素量、全窒素量、有効態リン酸量、置換酸度)、ノヤギ駆除前(1991年)における裸地化の有無、海鳥の営巣の有無、という変数聞の各関係とこの関係の相対的な強さを評価した。ノヤギ駆除前の植生の裸地化は、土壌の置換酸度の上昇を介して、植生の地上部バイオマスを減少させる可能性が示唆された。また、ノヤギ駆除後に海鳥の営巣に伴う土壌栄養塩量の増加は、海鳥の営巣と地形や現存植生の種構成との関係に依存することが示唆された。以上からノヤギ駆除後の生態系機能の回復の有無や程度は、複数の生物的、非生物的要因が直接的、間接的によって影響を受けることが示唆された。

  • Transcriptomic evaluation of the enhanced plant growth-inhibitory activity caused by derivatization of cis-cinnamic acid 査読

    Naoya Wasano, Mami Sugano, Keisuke Nishikawa, Katsuhiro Okuda, Mitsuru Shindo, So Young Park, Syuntaro Hiradate, Tsunashi Kamo, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Pesticide Sciences   39 ( 2 )   85 - 90   2014年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To establish a rapid high-throughput evaluation system for the enhanced plant growth-inhibitory activity caused by modifications of cis-cinnamic acid's (cis-CA's) chemical structure, a DNA microarray assay was used to analyze the changes in early gene responses of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. After a 6-hr exposure to (Z)-3-(3-iodophenyl)acrylic acid, we observed an upregulation in three classes of early auxin-responsive genes, which was similar to the transcriptional response to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), together with an upregulation of the genes related to environmental stress and toxin detoxification responses. Gene responses to 2-(3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1-yl)acetic acid were similar to those to IAA. In contrast, fewer genes were upregulated in response to its double-bond isomer, (Z)-2-[3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-ylidene]acetic acid, than to cis-CA. DNA microarray data suggest that the structurally different cis-CA analogues trigger diverse gene responses.

    DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.D13-090

  • Root-specific induction of early auxin-responsive genes in Arabidopsis thaliana by cis-cinnamic acid 査読

    Naoya Wasano, Mami Sugano, Keisuke Nishikawa, Katsuhiro Okuda, Mitsuru Shindo, Hiroshi Abe, So Young Park, Syuntaro Hiradate, Tsunashi Kamo, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Plant Biotechnology   30 ( 5 )   465 - 471   2013年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    cis-Cinnamoyl glucosides are the allelochemicals in Thunberg's meadowsweet (Spiraea thunbergii). The essential chemical structure responsible for the bioactivity of cis-cinnamoyl glucosides, cis-cinnamic acid (cis-CA), strongly inhibits the root growth of several plant species; however, its mode of action has not been characterized at the gene expression level. We conducted a time-course microarray analysis of gene expression in Arabidopsis in response to 20 μM cis-CA. Comparison of the microarray profiles revealed a 10-fold upregulation of several auxin-responsive GRETCHEN HAGEN-3 (GH3) genes and LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN/ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE (LBD) genes from 2 h to 6 h post-treatment. Two early auxin-responsive gene families, the Aux/IAA family (IAA1, IAA5) and the GH3 family (GH3.1, GH3.2, GH3.3), and an LBD gene (LBD16) were markedly upregulated at 2 h after treatment in the roots, but not in the shoots, of Arabidopsis and remained highly expressed for 4 h. The influence of an exogenous application of cis-CA on the indole-3-acetic acid pathway strongly suggests that a root-targeted induction of auxin-responsive genes is involved in the cis- CA-mediated plant growth inhibition.

    DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.13.0781a

  • Design and synthesis of conformationally constrained analogues of cis-cinnamic acid and evaluation of their plant growth inhibitory activity 査読

    Keisuke Nishikawa, Hiroshi Fukuda, Masato Abe, Kazunari Nakanishi, Yuta Tazawa, Chihiro Yamaguchi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Katsuhiro Okuda, Mitsuru Shindo

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   96   223 - 234   2013年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    1-O-cis-Cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is known to be one of the most potent allelochemical candidates and was isolated from Spiraea thunbergii Sieb by Hiradate et al. (2004), who suggested that it derived its strong inhibitory activity from cis-cinnamic acid, which is crucial for phytotoxicity. In this study, key structural features and substituent effects of cis-cinnamic acid (cis-CA) on lettuce root growth inhibition was investigated. These structure-activity relationship studies indicated the importance of the spatial relationship of the aromatic ring and carboxylic acid moieties. In this context, conformationally constrained cis-CA analogues, in which the aromatic ring and cis-olefin were connected by a carbon bridge, were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as plant growth inhibitors. The results of the present study demonstrated that the inhibitory activities of the five-membered and six-membered bridged compounds were enhanced, up to 0.27 mu M, and were ten times higher than cis-CA, while the potency of the other compounds was reduced. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.10.001

  • Effect of aluminum on metabolism of organic acids and chemical forms of aluminum in root tips of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. 査読

    Takashi Ikka, Tsuyoshi Ogawa, Donghua Li, Syuntaro Hiradate, Akio Morita

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   94   142 - 147   2013年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) has relatively high resistance to aluminum (Al) toxicity than the various herbaceous plants and model plant species. To investigate Al-tolerance mechanism, the metabolism of organic acids and the chemical forms of Al in the target site (root tips) in Eucalyptus was investigated. To do this, 2-year old rooted cuttings of E. camaldulensis were cultivated in half-strength Hoagland solution (pH 4.0) containing Al (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mM) salts for 5 weeks; growth was not affected at concentrations up to 2.5 mM even with Al concentration reaching 6000 mu g g(-1) DW. In roots, the citrate content also increased with increasing Al application. Concurrently, the activities of aconitase and NADP(+)-isocitrate dehydrogenase, which catalyze the decomposition of citrate, decreased. On the other hand, the activity of citrate synthase was not affected at concentrations up to 2.5 mM Al. Al-27-NMR spectroscopic analyses were carried out where it was found that Al-citrate complexes were a major chemical form present in cell sap of root tips. These findings suggested that E. camaldulensis detoxifies Al by forming Al-citrate complexes, and that this is achieved through Al-induced citrate accumulation in root tips via suppression of the citrate decomposition pathway. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.06.016

  • Substituent effects of cis-cinnamic acid analogues as plant growh inhibitors 査読

    Keisuke Nishikawa, Hiroshi Fukuda, Masato Abe, Kazunari Nakanishi, Tomoya Taniguchi, Takashi Nomura, Chihiro Yamaguchi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Katsuhiro Okuda, Mitsuru Shindo

    Phytochemistry   96   132 - 147   2013年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    1-O-cis-Cinnamoyl-β-d-glucopyranose is one of the most potent allelochemicals that has been isolated from Spiraea thunbergii Sieb by Hiradate et al. It derives its strong inhibitory activity from cis-cinnamic acid (cis-CA), which is crucial for phytotoxicity. By preparing and assaying a series of cis-CA analogues, it was previously found that the key features of cis-CA for lettuce root growth inhibition are a phenyl ring, cis-configuration of the alkene moiety, and carboxylic acid. On the basis of a structure-activity relationship study, the substituent effects on the aromatic ring of cis-CA were examined by systematic synthesis and the lettuce root growth inhibition assay of a series of cis-CA analogues having substituents on the aromatic ring. While ortho- and para-substituted analogues exhibited low potency in most cases, meta-substitution was not critical for potency, and analogues having a hydrophobic and sterically small substituent were more likely to be potent. Finally, several cis-CA analogues were found to be more potent root growth inhibitors than cis-CA.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.08.013

  • P2-1-8 マングローブ林内の炭素組成(ポスター,2-1 土壌有機・無機化学,2013年度名古屋大会)

    金城 和俊, 具志堅 素紀, 森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 59 )   26   2013年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P2-1-5 小笠原諸島・媒島における表層土壌の化学的特性(ポスター,2-1 土壌有機・無機化学,2013年度名古屋大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 畑 憲治, 須貝 杏子, 可知 直毅

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 59 )   25   2013年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 4-3-8 イネ根圏土壌細菌の生産する新規有機ヒ素化合物の同定と根圏におけるヒ素の化学形態変化について(4-3 植物の有害元素)

    倉俣 正人, 片岡 良太, 山崎 健一, 榊原 風太, 安部 匡, 馬場 浩司, 高木 和宏, 加茂 綱嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate, 石川 覚

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   59 ( 59 )   77   2013年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 33 石灰窒素の施用量と粒径が湛水土壌の窒素動態に及ぼす影響(関東支部講演会,2012年度各支部会)

    尾和 尚人, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 59 )   271   2013年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 日本の土壌炭素賦存量を量・質の両面から考える

    川東 正幸, 高橋 正, 藤井 一至, 高橋 正通, 三浦 覚, 石塚 成宏, 金子 真司, 白戸 康人, 矢ヶ崎 泰海, 高田 裕介, 和頴 朗太, 岸本 文紅, 米村 正一郎, Syuntaro Hiradate, 渡邊 眞紀子, 泉 岳樹, 藤嶽 暢英, 飯村 康夫

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   84 ( 3 )   224 - 229   2013年6月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    京都議定書における温室効果ガス削減目標が設定されて以来,エネルギー消費への関心が広がるとともに炭素動態に関するデータが蓄積されてきた。我が国で削減目標(90年比6%減)に対する約束期間(2008~2012)内の達成見込みが得られた(2012年12月現在)背景には詳細なデータの積み上げがあった。その膨大なデータには各土地利用における土壌炭素変化量の算出も大きく貢献している。土壌炭素の変化量を算出するためには土壌炭素賦存量が必要であり,そのデータベースの構築と算出法の開発は大きな成果といえる。この成果は,さらに続く排出削減目標に対し,算出法の最適化を図るための基盤になると考えられる。そこで,本シンポジウムでは,国土面積の占有割合が高い森林と農地での土壌炭素賦存量と変化量の算出結果と今後の課題を取り上げた。一方,それら土地利用に含まれない領域として都市域の土壌炭素賦存量算出の問題点も指摘した。さらに,土壌炭素変化量に影響する土壌有機物の分解特性と存在形態に関する話題を挙げた。また,様々な土壌における有機物の多様性を質的データで示し,さらにその変化の方向性についても論及した。土壌炭素に関する量的・質的な取扱いの両面から日本の土壌炭素賦存量について論議を行った。

  • Identification of coumarin as the predominant allelochemical in Gliricidia sepium, a leguminous tree of seasonally dry forests. 査読

    Tomoko Takemura, Tsunashi Kamo, Emi Sakuno, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Tropical Forest Science   25 ( 2 )   268 - 272   2013年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Identification of coumarin as the predominant allelochemical in Gliricidia sepium, a leguminous tree of seasonally dry forests.

  • Discovery of coumarin as the predominant allelochemical in Guricidia sepium 査読

    T. Takemura, T. Kamo, E. Sakuno, Syuntaro Hiradate, Y. Fujii

    Journal of Tropical Forest Science   25 ( 2 )   268 - 272   2013年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A crude methanol extract of Gliricidia sepium (Fabaceae) leaves inhibited the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) radicles. To isolate and characterise the inhibitory compound, the extract was fractionated based on the total activity on lettuce radicle elongation. The n-hexane-soluble fraction obtained by liquid-liquid partitioning of the crude methanol extract showed strong inhibitory activity. A compound corresponding to the major peak in high performance liquid chromatography was isolated from the fraction and identified as coumarin. The EC50 of coumarin for the growth of lettuce radicles was 23.3 umol L-1. On the basis of the coumarin content (11.6 mmol kg-1 fresh weight) and the total activity of coumarin (500) in G. sepium, we concluded that the inhibitory activity of G. sepium was primarily due to coumarin.

  • Screening of the growth-inhibitory effects of 168 plant species against lettuce seedlings 査読

    Tomoko Takemura, Emi Sakuno, Tsunashi Kamo, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    American Journal of Plant Sciences   4   1095 - 1104   2013年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Screening of the growth-inhibitory effects of 168 plant species against lettuce seedlings

  • Linking temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition to its molecular structure, accessibility, and microbial physiology 査読

    Rota Wagai, Ayaka W. Kishimoto-Mo, Seiichiro Yonemura, Yasuhito Shirato, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yasumi Yagasaki

    Global Change Biology   19 ( 4 )   1114 - 1125   2013年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition may have a significant impact on global warming. Enzyme-kinetic hypothesis suggests that decomposition of low-quality substrate (recalcitrant molecular structure) requires higher activation energy and thus has greater temperature sensitivity than that of high-quality, labile substrate. Supporting evidence, however, relies largely on indirect indices of substrate quality. Furthermore, the enzyme-substrate reactions that drive decomposition may be regulated by microbial physiology and/or constrained by protective effects of soil mineral matrix. We thus tested the kinetic hypothesis by directly assessing the carbon molecular structure of low-density fraction (LF) which represents readily accessible, mineral-free SOM pool. Using five mineral soil samples of contrasting SOM concentrations, we conducted 30-days incubations (15, 25, and 35 °C) to measure microbial respiration and quantified easily soluble C as well as microbial biomass C pools before and after the incubations. Carbon structure of LFs (&lt
    1.6 and 1.6-1.8 g cm-3) and bulk soil was measured by solid-state 13C-NMR. Decomposition Q10 was significantly correlated with the abundance of aromatic plus alkyl-C relative to O-alkyl-C groups in LFs but not in bulk soil fraction or with the indirect C quality indices based on microbial respiration or biomass. The warming did not significantly change the concentration of biomass C or the three types of soluble C despite two- to three-fold increase in respiration. Thus, enhanced microbial maintenance respiration (reduced C-use efficiency) especially in the soils rich in recalcitrant LF might lead to the apparent equilibrium between SOM solubilization and microbial C uptake. Our results showed physical fractionation coupled with direct assessment of molecular structure as an effective approach and supported the enzyme-kinetic interpretation of widely observed C quality-temperature relationship for short-term decomposition. Factors controlling long-term decomposition Q10 are more complex due to protective effect of mineral matrix and thus remain as a central question. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12112

  • Evaluation of Brix and sugar content in stem juice from sorghum varieties 査読

    Hiroyuki Kawahigashi, Shigemitsu Kasuga, Hisahito Okuizumi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Jun-ichi Yonemaru

    GRASSLAND SCIENCE   59 ( 1 )   11 - 19   2013年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Sorghum accumulates sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) in the stem after anthesis. Brix is commonly used to indicate total sugar content; however, the relationship between Brix and specific sugar components has not been sufficiently investigated in sorghum juice in Japan. In this study, we measured the sugar components of sorghum juices from 109 varieties using capillary electrophoresis, which can quantify each sugar component in crude juice without further purification. The results indicated that the Brix of sorghum juice was proportional to the total sugar and sucrose concentrations (r=0.900 and r=0.894, P<0.01, respectively). Glucose concentration had a significant positive correlation with fructose concentration (r=0.964, P<0.01), but no correlation was detected between Brix and the two hexose sugars, glucose and fructose. Our results showed that sucrose comprised approximately 75&#37; of the total sugar in varieties with Brix values greater than 15. These findings may be applied in sorghum breeding efforts to develop varieties that accumulate high levels of sugars in the juicy stems of sorghum plants.

    DOI: 10.1111/grs.12006

  • New method for extracting plant indicators based on their adaptive responses to management practices: application to semi-natural and artificial grassland data 査読

    Tomoyo Koyanagi, Yoshinobu Kusumoto, Syuntaro Hiradate, Sayaka Morita, Masashi Yokogawa, Yoshitaka Takahashi, Chiyoshi Sato

    APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE   16 ( 1 )   95 - 109   2013年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Questions What is the best way to identify plant indicators for monitoring the responses of semi-natural grassland communities to various management practices (i.e. burning, burning and mowing, burning and grazing)? Can a multi-trait plant functional group (PFG) approach extract indicator species more effectively than a single-trait approach? Location Semi-natural and artificial grasslands in the northern and eastern parts of the somma of Mt. Aso, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. Methods We analysed a data set from 203 semi-natural and artificial grassland vegetation plots (each 1 m x 1 m), and compared species and functional compositions among the management types and between the northern and eastern locations using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS). Potential indicator species were extracted by indicator species analysis (INSPAN) and compared with the results of single-trait and multi-trait PFG approaches, which classify plant species into groups based on individual or combinations of traits (growth form, life span, dispersal mode, flowering season and plant height). Results Only the multi-trait PFG approach successfully clustered the vegetation plots for each management type. Semi-natural burned-and-grazed grasslands in the eastern and northern regions were characterized by a specific PFG among 21 PFGs, whereas the same three PFGs characterized the burned-and-mowed semi-natural grassland of the two regions. The extracted PFGs represent combinations of vegetative, dispersal and reproductive traits (e.g. short, wind- and animal-dispersed species for grazed semi-natural grasslands; tall, summer-flowering forbs for mowed semi-natural grasslands). As compared to indicator species extracted by the multi-trait PFG approach, INSPAN extracted additional indicator species, but some of these were inappropriate. Conclusions We identified PFGs representing each management type and characterized species adaptations to different disturbance regimes, such as mowing and grazing. Among the species extracted by INSPAN, only those classified into the representative PFGs can serve as indicators for characterizing managed semi-natural grasslands. Our findings indicate that using a multi-trait PFG approach can provide reasonable plant indicators for monitoring grassland communities throughout the regions when combined with a species-based INSPAN approach. This proposed method would contribute to the conservation of plant biodiversity in threatened semi-natural grazed and mowed grasslands.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-109X.2012.01204.x

  • Fate of organic carbon during decomposition of different litter types in Japan 査読

    Kenji Ono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Sayaka Morita, Keizo Hirai

    Biogeochemistry   112 ( 1-3 )   7 - 21   2013年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Carbon dynamics during litter decomposition have been described in a variety of forest ecosystems and provided insights into carbon flow in soils. To quantitatively assess how decomposition processes vary between litter types, solid-state 13C cross-polarization and magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CPMAS NMR) technique was applied to analyze conifer (cedar, cypress) and hardwood (chinquapin, beech, oak, birch) litter which had degraded during a 3 year litterbag experiment throughout Japan. The results were used to identify compositional changes and estimate decomposition constants (k values) in exponential equations. Total litter and carbon type mass losses during decomposition varied significantly between litter types, being affected by the initial physicochemical litter quality. Concomitant increases and decreases in carbonyl and O/N-alkyl C compositions, respectively, were observed for all litter types, but aromatic and aliphatic C dynamics were less consistent. In hardwoods, [aromatic/aliphatic C ratio] was generally stable during decomposition, suggesting that, in hardwoods, the decomposabilities of aromatic and aliphatic C were similar. In the conifers, an increasing [aromatic/aliphatic C ratio] during decomposition suggested that aromatic C was more recalcitrant than aliphatic C. These results suggest that different decomposition processes between litter types might be related to different aromatic and aliphatic C behaviors, as affected by lignin stability and lipid leachability and biosynthesis. Variations in the k values for total litter and carbon types were not obvious between litter types, although the mass loss patterns differed significantly. The k values estimated in this study may contribute to predictions of soil carbon dynamics and the validation of carbon compartment models in forest ecosystems.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10533-011-9682-z

  • Key structural features of cis-cinnamic acid as an allelochemical 査読

    Masato Abe, Keisuke Nishikawa, Hiroshi Fukuda, Kazunari Nakanishi, Yuta Tazawa, Tomoya Taniguchi, So-young Park, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Katsuhiro Okuda, Mitsuru Shindo

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   84   56 - 67   2012年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is one of the most potent allelochemicals isolated from Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. It is suggested that it derives its strong inhibitory activity from cis-cinnamic acid, which is crucial for phytotoxicity. It was synthesized to confirm its structure and bioactivity, and also a series of cis-cinnamic acid analogues were prepared to elucidate the key features of cis-cinnamic acid for lettuce root growth inhibition. The cis-cyclopropyl analogue showed potent inhibitory activity while the saturated and alkyne analogues proved to be inactive, demonstrating the importance of the as-double bond. Moreover, the aromatic ring could not be replaced with a saturated ring. However, the 1,3-dienylcyclo-hexene analogue showed strong activity. These results suggest that the geometry of the C-C double bond between the carboxyl group and the aromatic ring is essential for potent inhibitory activity. In addition, using several light sources, the photostability of the cinnamic acid derivatives and the role of the C-C double bond were also investigated. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.08.001

  • Isolation and identification of novel allelochemicals and utilization of allelopathic cover plants for sustainable agriculture

    Yoshiharu Fujii, Tsunashi Kamo, Syuntaro Hiradate, Mitsuru Shindo, Kozo Shishido

    Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research   18   181 - 186   2012年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Isolation and identification of novel allelochemicals and utilization of allelopathic cover plants for sustainable agriculture

  • シンポジウム 小笠原諸島における物質循環の特徴

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 加藤 英寿

    ペドロジスト   56 ( 2 )   96 - 100   2012年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    2011年6月に世界自然遺産として正式に登録された小笠原諸島は,その独特の自然生態系に注目が集まっているが,その自然生態系を支える物質循環の基礎は土壌にある。すなわち,小笠原の土壌を調べれば,小笠原における物質循環の特徴についてヒントが得られると考えられる。小笠原における物質循環については,研究事例はこれまで非常に少ないが,ここでは著者らがこれまでに調べた小笠原の土壌に関するデータを中心に整理し,小笠原における物質循環の特徴を考察する。

  • Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characteristics of Charred Plant Fragments in Japanese Volcanic Ash Soils 査読

    Syusaku Nishimura, Nobuhide Fujitake, Syuntaro Hiradate, Haruo Shindo

    SOIL SCIENCE   177 ( 12 )   695 - 700   2012年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    We analyzed the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of three charred plant fragments (CPF) that were isolated from three volcanic ash soils in Japan. Values of delta C-13 showed that the CPF originated from C-3 and C-4 plants. The contribution ratio of C-4 plants to the CPF was much higher in Soils 1 and 3 than in Soil 2. Values of delta N-15 of the CPF were higher in Soil 3 isolated from the deeper soil horizons. Light reflectance values suggested that part of the CPF experienced combustion temperatures higher than 400 degrees C in Soil 2 and less than 400 degrees C in the other soils, respectively. Atomic [H]/[C] and [O]/[C] ratios suggested that the CPF were subjected to weathering ( oxidative degradation and hydrolysis) in soil for a long period after burning. The degree of weathering was considered to be larger in Soils 1 and 3. Spectra of C-13-NMR of the CPF, except the area of alkyl-C, were similar. Infrared (IR) spectra of three CPF, except aliphatic C-H stretching, were also similar to each other. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the CPF in Soil 2 clearly revealed the presence of graphite-like structure. From these findings, it was assumed that the physicochemical and spectroscopic characteristics of the CPF were strongly influenced by the type of burnt vegetation.

    DOI: 10.1097/SS.0b013e31828047ab

  • Overcoming the Difficulties in Collecting Apoplastic Fluid from Rice Leaves by the Infiltration–Centrifugation method. 査読

    Isamu Nouchi, Kentaro Hayashi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Satoru Ishikawa, Minehiko Fukuoka, Charles P. Chen, Kazuhiko Kobayashi

    Plant and Cell Physiology   53 ( 9 )   1659 - 1668   2012年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Overcoming the Difficulties in Collecting Apoplastic Fluid from Rice Leaves by the Infiltration-Centrifugation method
    Physiological and biochemical studies on the leaf apoplast have been facilitated by the use of the infiltration-centrifugation technique to collect intercellular washing fluid (IWF). However, this technique has been difficult to implement in rice (Oryza sativa L.) for various reasons. We compared the collection efficiency of leaf IWF between two types of rice varieties (Indica and Japonica), as well as between rice and other species (spinach, snap bean and wheat). Although the extraction of IWF in most species took only 2-3 min, it took up to 35 min in rice. The difficulty in infiltration with rice was ascribed to the small stomatal aperture and hydrophobicity of the leaves. In this study, we have established an improved method for collecting IWF and determining the apoplastic air and water volumes in rice leaves. We have shortened the infiltration time to 8 min via the following improvements: (i) infiltration under outdoor shade in the daytime to prevent stomatal closure and a rise in temperature of the infiltration medium; (ii) soaking of leaves in a surfactant solution to decrease the leaf hydrophobicity; and (iii) continuous pressurization using a sealant injector to facilitate the infiltration. The rapid collection of IWF achieved using this technique will facilitate study of the leaf apoplast in rice.

    DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcs102

  • S22-52 土壌採取法の違いによる放射性セシウムの沈着量の比較(S22.放射性セシウムのモニタリング、水稲への移行,22.環境保全,2012年度鳥取大会)

    神山 和則, 高田 裕介, 小原 洋, 前島 勇治, Syuntaro Hiradate, 斎藤 隆, 谷山 一郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 58 )   164   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P21-1 土壌環境制御による植生管理法の開発 第4報土壌酸性化処理による土壌の理化学性の変化(21.緑化技術,2012年度鳥取大会)

    藤間 充, 三浦 雅史, 泉 玄氣, Syuntaro Hiradate, 楠本 良延, 太田 陽子, 森田 沙綾香, 小柳 知代

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 58 )   146   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P2-2 小笠原諸島における海鳥の繁殖が土壌の化学的特性におよぼす影響 有効態リン酸および土壌pHに対する影響(2.土壌有機・無機化学,2012年度鳥取大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 川上 和人, 青山 夕貴子

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 58 )   26   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P18-2 外来植物の分布に影響を及ぼす土壌特性の影響 アロフェン黒ぼく土と非アロフェン黒ぼく土の比較(18.草地土壌肥よく度,2012年度鳥取大会)

    森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延, 小柳 知代, 横川 昌史, 高橋 佳孝, 伊藤 豊彰, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 58 )   125   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • III-3 土壌有機物の存在形態から温暖化応答と炭素隔離ポテンシャルを考える(III 日本の土壌炭素賦存量を量・質の両面から考える,シンポジウム,2012年度鳥取大会)

    和穎 朗太, 白戸 康人, 岸本 文紅, 米村 正一郎, 矢ヶ崎 泰海, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 58 )   213   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 19-26 生ゴミアシドロコンポストの植物生育抑制物質(19.肥料および施肥法,2012年度鳥取大会)

    山本 岳彦, Syuntaro Hiradate, 加茂 綱嗣, 宇野 亨, 田島 亮介, 齋藤 雅典, 伊藤 豊彰

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 58 )   134   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 11-19 イネにおける化学形態別ヒ素の輸送システムの解明 根圏土壌細菌によるヒ素の代謝(11.植物の有害元素,2012年度鳥取大会)

    倉俣 正人, 片岡 良太, 山崎 健一, 榊原 風太, 馬場 浩司, 石坂 真澄, 安部 匡, 井倉 将人, 高木 和広, 加茂 綱嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate, 石川 覚

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   58 ( 58 )   79   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Plant Growth Inhibitor from the Malaysian Medicinal Plant Goniothalamus andersonii and Related Species 査読

    Tomoko Takemura, Tsunashi Kamo, Raihan Ismil, Baki Bakar, Naoya Wasano, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS   7 ( 9 )   1197 - 1198   2012年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A crude methanol extract of Goniothalamus andersonii J. Sinclair strongly inhibited elongation of lettuce (Lactuca saliva L.) radicles. We conducted bioassay-guided purification of G. andersonii bark extract and obtained goniothalamin as the major bioactive compound. Its EC50 values against elongation of lettuce radicles and hypocotyls were 50 and 125 mu mol L-1, respectively. Among the six species tested, timothy was the most sensitive to goniothalamin. Quantification of this compound in other Goniothalamus species suggested that the plant inhibitory activity of this genus is explainable by goniothalamin, with G. calcareus as an exception.

  • Degradation of biodegradable plastic mulch films in soil environment by phylloplane fungi isolated from gramineous plants 査読

    Motoo Koitabashi, Masako T. Noguchi, Yuka Sameshima-Yamashita, Syuntaro Hiradate, Ken Suzuki, Shigenobu Yoshida, Takashi Watanabe, Yukiko Shinozaki, Seiya Tsushima, Hiroko K. Kitamoto

    AMB Express   2 ( 1 )   1 - 36   2012年8月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To improve the biodegradation of biodegradable plastic (BP) mulch films, 1227 fungal strains were isolated from plant surface (phylloplane) and evaluated for BP-degrading ability. Among them, B47-9 a strain isolated from the leaf surface of barley showed the strongest ability to degrade poly-(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA) and poly-(butylene succinate) (PBS) films. The strain grew on the surface of soil-mounted BP films, produced breaks along the direction of hyphal growth indicated that it secreted a BP-degrading enzyme, and has directly contributing to accelerating the degradation of film. Treatment with the culture filtrate decomposed 91.2wt%, 23.7wt%, and 14.6wt% of PBSA, PBS, and commercially available BP polymer blended mulch film, respectively, on unsterlized soil within 6 days. The PCR-DGGE analysis of the transition of soil microbial community during film degradation revealed that the process was accompanied with drastic changes in the population of soil fungi and Acantamoeba spp., as well as the growth of inoculated strain B47-9. It has a potential for application in the development of an effective method for accelerating degradation of used plastics under actual field conditions

    DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-2-40

  • 近年の農業へのヶイ酸利用と研究 2.土壌および土壌鉱物からのヶイ酸の溶解 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   83 ( 4 )   455 - 461   2012年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • A new class of mealybug pheromones: a hemiterpene ester in the sex pheromone of Crisicoccus matsumotoi 査読

    Jun Tabata, Yutaka Narai, Nobuo Sawamura, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hajime Sugie

    NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN   99 ( 7 )   567 - 574   2012年7月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Mealybugs, which include several agricultural pests, are small sap feeders covered with a powdery wax. They exhibit clear sexual dimorphism; males are winged but fragile and short lived, whereas females are windless and less mobile. Thus, sex pheromones emitted by females facilitate copulation and reproduction by serving as a key navigation tool for males. Although the structures of the hitherto known mealybug pheromones vary among species, they have a common structural motif; they are carboxylic esters of monoterpene alcohols with irregular non-head-to-tail linkages. However, in the present study, we isolated from the Matsumoto mealybug, Crisicoccus matsumotoi (Siraiwa), a pheromone with a completely different structure. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we identified the pheromone as 3-methyl-3-butenyl 5-methylhexanoate. Its attractiveness to males was confirmed in a series of field trapping experiments involving comparison between the isolated natural product and a synthetic sample. This is the first report of a hemiterpene mealybug pheromone. In addition, the acid moiety (5-methylhexanoate) appears to be rare in insect pheromones.

    DOI: 10.1007/s00114-012-0935-z

  • Quantification of cyanamide in young seedlings of Vicia species, Lens culinaris, and Robinia pseudo-acacia by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. 査読

    Tsunashi KAMO, Tomoko TAKEMURA, Naoya WASANO, Yoshiharu FUJII, Syuntaro HIRADATE

    Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry   76 ( 7 )   1416 - 1418   2012年7月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Quantification of Cyanamide in Young Seedlings of Vicia Species, Lens culinaris, and Robinia pseudo-acacia by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
    We quantified the cyanamide content of young leaves of nine Vicia species, Lens culinaris, and Robinia pseudoacacia using a modified analytical procedure that made it possible to measure the cyanamide content of a single leaf. Recent molecular phylogenetic analysis suggests that cyanamide is present in V. benghalensis, which is placed in a monophyletic group with cyanamide-bio-synthesizing plants, V. villosa and V. cracca; this suggestion was verified.

    DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120262

  • 土壌有機物の蓄積に対する燃焼生成物の寄与

    渡邉 彰, Minori Uchimiya, 池谷 康祐, 進藤 晴夫, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   83 ( 2 )   222 - 227   2012年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    本シンポジウムでは,(1)土壌に炭化物を施用することで炭素貯留効果とともに農地土壌の改良効果を狙った応用的な研究をレビューするとともに,(2)炭化物研究を進めるにあたって不可欠な炭化物分析法についてとりまとめ,(3)日本の土壌中における炭化物の研究についてこれまでの知見から最新のデータまでを含めてレビューした。

    DOI: 10.20710/dojo.83.2_222

  • The pH Dependency of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Adsorption and Desorption in Andosol and Kaolinite 査読

    Ei Ei Mon, Anu Sharma, Ken Kawamoto, Shoichiro Hamamoto, Toshiko Komatsu, Syuntaro Hiradate, Per Moldrup

    SOIL SCIENCE   177 ( 1 )   12 - 21   2012年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Batch adsorption and consecutive desorption experiments were performed under different pH conditions to assess the pH dependency of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) adsorption and desorption in Andosol (having pH-dependent surface charge characteristics) and kaolinite. The adsorption-desorption isotherms for both Andosol and kaolinite were well fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model. Adsorption of 2,4-D onto Andosol increased markedly with decreasing pH and was higher than for kaolinite under the same pH condition. Hysteresis, expressing the nonsingularity of the desorption compared with the adsorption isotherm, was found at all concentrations and each pH for both Andosol and kaolinite. For Andosol, the fitted Freundlich parameters for desorption, K(f,d) and n(d), showed a negative, linear and a positive, exponential relationship, respectively, with pH. Higher hysteresis index (omega), expressing the degree of partial irreversibility of 2,4-D adsorption, was obtained under lower pH, indicating that less adsorbed 2,4-D was released back from the Andosol under acidic condition. The effect of pH on 2,4-D desorption from kaolinite was less pronounced as compared with Andosol. Combining the measured data in this study with previously reported data on 2,4-D adsorption-desorption in several types of soil including Andosols, the possible mobility of adsorbed 2,4-D in soil was evaluated. Results show that adsorbed 2,4-D in soils exhibiting a total adsorption percentage of less than 55&#37; of the applied pesticide typically exhibited a greater potential to be mobile in the soil-water system. Opposite, a total adsorption percentage greater than 55&#37; implied higher residual adsorption and a prolonged existence of adsorbed 2,4-D in the soils.

    DOI: 10.1097/SS.0b013e3182376ef3

  • 土壌化学・土壌鉱物

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 松永 俊朗, 和田 信一郎, 渡邉 彰

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   82 ( 6 )   466 - 478   2011年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • ISOLATION OF UMBELLIFERONE AS A PRINCIPAL ALLELOCHEMICAL FROM THE PERUVIAN MEDICINAL PLANT Diplostephium foliosissimum (Asteraceae). 査読

    CECILIA INES ONO MORIKAWA, RIE MIYAURA, TSUNASHI KAMO, SYUNTARO HIRADATE, YOSHIHARU FUJII, JORGE ANTONIO, CHAVEZ PEREZ

    Journal of the Chemical Society of Peru   77 ( 4 )   285 - 291   2011年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    ISOLATION OF UMBELLIFERONE AS A PRINCIPAL ALLELOCHEMICAL FROM THE PERUVIAN MEDICINAL PLANT Diplostephium foliosissimum (Asteraceae).

  • Using C-14 dating of stable humin fractions to assess upbuilding pedogenesis of a buried Holocene humic soil horizon, Towada volcano, Japan 査読

    Yudzuru Inoue, Syuntaro Hiradate, Takashi Sase, Mamoru Hosono, Sayaka Morita, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

    GEODERMA   167-68   85 - 90   2011年11月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The genesis of a 40-cm-thick buried Holocene humic soil horizon in a 6-m-high sequence near Towada volcano, Japan, was examined by dating stable, plant-derived humin particles by AMS-based radiocarbon (C-14), and by analyzing stable carbon isotope ratios (delta C-13), phytolith composition, and soil chemical properties. The AMS dating yielded calibrated ages ranging from 7570-7679 to 6180-6313 cal yr BP. We obtained a strong correlation (r = 0.99, ***p<0.001) between sample depth and the mean age. The (now buried) humic soil was formed by the incremental accumulation of tephric loess and aeolian dust at a constant rate of similar to 30 mm per century for at least 1200 years. Whilst the soil surface was slowly rising, graminaceous vegetation was supplied at a constant rate so that developmental upbuilding pedogenesis ensued. The soil was buried and isolated by the fall of the Towada-Chuseri tephra about 6200 cal yr BP. Thus the tephra-soil sequence near Towada volcano represents both developmental and retardant upbuilding pedogenesis. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.08.011

  • Phosphorus Solubility of Agricultural Soils: A Surface Charge and Phosphorus-31 NMR Speciation Study 査読

    Tsutomu Ohno, Syuntaro Hiradate, Zhongqi He

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   75 ( 5 )   1704 - 1711   2011年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    We investigated 10 soils from six states in the United States to determine the relationship between potentiometric titration derived soil surface charge and the concentration of water-extractable P (WEP). Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to determine the chemical speciation of soil P. The surface charge value at the native soil pH was correlated to the WEP concentration, indicating that electrostatic interactions are involved in determining soil phosphate solubility. The titration curves were fit to a two-site Langmuir model and analysis showed that the native pH surface charge was accounted for by the low pH Type 1 (S-OH(2)(+)) site, attributed to positively charged metal (oxy) hydroxides. The (31)P NMR data indicated that 98&#37; of the inorganic form of P was composed of orthophosphate species and 95&#37; of the organic P was composed of the P monoester class compounds. The inorganic orthophosphate form of P was directly related to the total soil P content, suggesting that external fertilizer inputs control the level of this form of soil P. In contrast, P monoester class compound content was not related to total soil P content, suggesting that organic soil P is controlled by P cycling independent of external P inputs. The (31)P NMR speciation data indicated that the inorganic orthophosphate, pyrophosphate, and DNA P concentrations in the soils were significantly associated with oxalate-extractable Al and Fe concentrations, which further demonstrates that metal (oxy) hydroxides are important surfaces where P species are interacting with soils.

    DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2010.0404

  • P-42 新規植物生長調整剤の開発を指向したシス桂皮酸の構造活性相関研究(ポスター発表の部)

    西川 慶祐, 安部 真人, 中西 一成, 谷口 智哉, 田澤 優太, 松尾 和真, 福田 洋, 朴 昭英, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 新藤 充

    天然有機化合物討論会 天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集   ( 53 )   607 - 612   2011年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    l -0-cis-Cinnamoyl-β-D-glucopyranose, an allelochemical isolated from Spiraea thunbergii, exhibits potent plant growth inhibitory activity. cis-Cinnamic acid is the essential portion structure of 1-0-cis-cinnamoyl-β-D-glucopyranose responsible for the growth inhibitory activity. cis-Cinnamic acid exhibited potent inhibitory activity against the elongation of lettuce roots, and the half maximal effective concentration (EC_<50>) of cis-cinnamic acid was 2.2 μM. In this project we adopted cis-cinnamic acid as a novel lead compound, and examined the structure-activity relationship of cis-cinnamic acid to develop the environmentally friendly agrochemical. Moreover, we synthesized the fluorescent probes of cis-cinnamic acid aiming at the clarification of the mechanism of the activity expression. At first, we synthesized 1-0-cis-cinnamoyl-β-D-glucopyranose by the Hanessian protocol, and the synthetic compound showed similar inhibitory activity (EC_<50> 6.4 μg/mL) with that of the natural product (EC_<50> 4.0 μg/rnL). Next, we synthesized the cis-cinnamic acid analogues, and evaluated the inhibitory activities on the elongation of lettuce roots. Some analogues were found to be more p

    DOI: 10.24496/tennenyuki.53.0_607

  • 14-7 阿蘇の草原における表層土壌の化学特性と管理手法の関係(14.土地分類利用・景観評価)

    森田 沙綾香, 小柳 知代, 横川 昌史, 高橋 佳孝, 楠本 良延, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 57 )   106   2011年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 23-4 異なる土壌が充填されたライシメーターにおける間接N_2O排出の比較(23.地球環境)

    南川 和則, 早川 敦, 西村 誠一, 秋山 博子, 和穎 朗太, Syuntaro Hiradate, 八木 一行

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 57 )   172   2011年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 21-1 広島県北広島町千町原の半自然草地における植物の分布と土壌特性の関係(21.緑化技術)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 白川 勝信, 高橋 佳孝, 堤 道生, 太田 陽子, 井上 雅仁, 佐久間 智子, 森田 沙綾香, 小柳 知代, 楠本 良延

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 57 )   149   2011年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 土壌診断の現状と今後への挑戦 流派そろい踏み

    和田 信一郎, 金田 吉弘, 鳥山 和伸, 安西 徹郎, 日笠 裕治, 小祝 政明, 後藤 逸男, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   82 ( 2 )   173 - 178   2011年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Present and future of soil testing : A star-studded-linup of schools

    DOI: 10.20710/dojo.82.2_173

  • Assessment of Allelopathic Activities in Female and Male Individuals of Asparagus Seedlings and Regenerants 査読

    Yasuki Watanabe, Natsuki Kuchi-ishi, Toshiki Nakashima, Sumio Iwai, Yoshitaka Ono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Fuminori Komai

    JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE   80 ( 2 )   169 - 174   2011年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    An aseptic bioassay utilizing female and male donor materials was performed in order to assess the allelopathic activities of cladophylls and root systems in dioecious asparagus. The aseptic sandwich method revealed that the growth of acceptor plants was significantly inhibited by the addition of over 30 mg fresh weight of cladophylls. When female and male cladophylls were separately adopted for the sandwich method, there was no sexual difference in the allelopathic activity of both youthful and senescent cladophylls. To detect the allelopathic effects of root systems, the plant box method employing female and male regenerants was used aseptically, and the growth of acceptor plants was seriously inhibited irrespective of sex expression in donor plants. Early in vitro flowering seedlings expressing individual sex were effectively used for the bioassay, and the results indicated that the degree of allelopathic activities was the same as that in regenerants. These results show that allelopathic activity in female and male plants was equivalent, and that the application of materials that can distinguish between the sexes would be useful for assaying the mutual effects of sexuality on allelopathy. The aseptic bioassay system that employed female and male materials presented here could promote the isolation and identification of allelochemicals.

    DOI: 10.2503/jjshs1.80.169

  • 日本原産のシランのアレロパシーとその原因物質の同定 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 加茂綱嗣, 作野えみ, 竹村知子

    農業環境研究成果情報   27   2011年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    日本原産のシランのアレロパシーとその原因物質の同定

  • 赤かび毒デオキシニバレノールを分解する細菌Nocardioides sp. WSN05-2株をムギ栽培圃場から分離.

    對馬誠也, 生長陽子, 佐藤育男, 吉田重信, 小板橋基夫, 伊藤通浩, 平館俊太郎

    農業環境技術研究所 研究成果情報   27   90 - 91   2011年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Microarray analysis of Arabidopsis plants in response to allelochemical L-DOPA 査読

    Anna Golisz, Mami Sugano, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    PLANTA   233 ( 2 )   231 - 240   2011年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens) plants impede the growth of neighboring plants. One compound, 3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-l-alanine (l-DOPA), is responsible for the allelopathic capacity of velvetbean. This compound is an active allelochemical that decreases root growth of several plant species. In mammals, l-DOPA is a well-known therapeutic agent for the symptomatic relief of Parkinson's disease. However, its mode of action in plants is still not well understood. To address such issues, gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana plants, which had been exposed to l-DOPA, was analyzed using DNA microarrays. After 6 h of l-DOPA exposure, the expression of 110 genes was significantly upregulated, and the expression of 69 genes was significantly downregulated. These induced genes can be divided into different functional categories, mainly on the basis of subcellular localization, metabolism, and proteins with a binding function or cofactor requirement. Based on these results, we suggest that l-DOPA acts by two mechanisms: it influences amino acid metabolism and deregulates metal homeostasis, especially that of iron, which is required for the fundamental biological processes of all organisms.

    DOI: 10.1007/s00425-010-1294-7

  • Cyclolavandulyl butyrate: an attractant for a mealybug parasitoid, Anagyrus sawadai (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) 査読

    Jun Tabata, Mayumi Teshiba, Syuntaro Hiradate, Takafumi Tsutsumi, Nobutaka Shimizu, Hajime Sugie

    APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY   46 ( 1 )   117 - 123   2011年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    In this study, we discovered and isolated an attractant for a mealybug-parasitic wasp Anagyrus sawadai from an esterification product prepared with commercialized lavandulol (2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-ol) and butyryl chloride. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we determined the structure of the compound to be (2,4,4-trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl)methyl butyrate (cyclolavandulyl butyrate). This is a novel compound as far as we know, although the alcohol moiety has been known as a cyclization product from lavandulol. Cyclolavandulyl butyrate has two enantiomers, and the (-)-isomer, which is suggested to have S configuration, showed higher attractiveness. A potential use for the A. sawadai attractant for mealybug management in agricultural fields is discussed.

    DOI: 10.1007/s13355-010-0012-z

  • Development of an in vitro System for the Evaluation of Allelopathic Activities of Asparagus Calluses 査読

    Yasuki Watanabe, Sumio Iwai, Yoshitaka Ono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Fuminori Komai

    JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE   80 ( 1 )   82 - 88   2011年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    An aseptic bioassay system to estimate allelopathy in asparagus calluses was established. Allelopathic activities of calluses were measured according to the callus packed cell volume (PCV) by means of the sandwich method, and remarkable inhibition of acceptor plants was observed by the addition of over 0.1 mL PCV. When female and male calluses were separately used for the sandwich method, there was no sexual difference in allelopathic activity. To detect the allelopathic activities of the callus cells in detail, we improved the plant box method that substituted the calluses for the seedlings, and serious inhibition of acceptor plants was observed with the addition of over 0.35 mL PCV as donor material. Allelopathic activities were accelerated by irradiating the calluses with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) prior to performing the aseptic bioassay. It also seemed that the light quality would affect their activities. The allelopathic activity appeared intensely with irradiation of the calluses with a blue LED. The aseptic bioassay system that employed LED-irradiated calluses established here could accelerate effectively the isolation and identification of allelochemical(s).

    DOI: 10.2503/jjshs1.80.82

  • Nocardioides sp. strain WSN05-2, isolated from a wheat field, degrades deoxynivalenol, producing the novel intermediate 3-epi-deoxynivalenol 査読

    Yoko Ikunaga, Ikuo Sato, Stephanie Grond, Nobutaka Numaziri, Shigenobu Yoshida, Hiroko Yamaya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Morifumi Hasegawa, Hiroaki Toshima, Motoo Koitabashi, Michihiro Ito, Petr Karlovsky, Seiya Tsushima

    APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY   89 ( 2 )   419 - 427   2011年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) causes serious problems worldwide in the production of crops such as wheat and barley because of its toxicity toward humans and livestock. A bacterial culture capable of degrading DON was obtained from soil samples collected in wheat fields using an enrichment culture procedure. The isolated bacterium, designated strain WSN05-2, completely removed 1,000 mu g/mL of DON from the culture medium after incubation for 10 days. On the basis of phylogenetic studies, WSN05-2 was classified as a bacterium belonging to the genus Nocardioides. WSN05-2 showed significant growth in culture medium with DON as the sole carbon source. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated the presence of a major initial metabolite of DON in the culture supernatant. The metabolite was identified as 3-epi-deoxynivalenol (3-epi-DON) by mass spectrometry and (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The amount of DON on wheat grain was reduced by about 90&#37; at 7 days after inoculation with WSN05-2. This is the first report of a Nocardioides sp. strain able to degrade DON and of the yet unknown 3-epi-DON as an intermediate in the degradation of DON by a microorganism.

    DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2857-z

  • Assessment of Allelopathic Activities in Female and Male Individuals of Asparagus Seedlings and Regenerants 査読

    Yasuki Watanabe, Natsuki Kuchi-ishi, Toshiki Nakashima, Sumio Iwai, Yoshitaka Ono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Fuminori Komai

    Horticulture Journal   80 ( 2 )   169 - 174   2011年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    An aseptic bioassay utilizing female and male donor materials was performed in order to assess the allelopathic activities of cladophylls and root systems in dioecious asparagus. The aseptic sandwich method revealed that the growth of acceptor plants was significantly inhibited by the addition of over 30 mg fresh weight of cladophylls. When female and male cladophylls were separately adopted for the sandwich method, there was no sexual difference in the allelopathic activity of both youthful and senescent cladophylls. To detect the allelopathic effects of root systems, the plant box method employing female and male regenerants was used aseptically, and the growth of acceptor plants was seriously inhibited irrespective of sex expression in donor plants. Early in vitro flowering seedlings expressing individual sex were effectively used for the bioassay, and the results indicated that the degree of allelopathic activities was the same as that in regenerants. These results show that allelopathic activity in female and male plants was equivalent, and that the application of materials that can distinguish between the sexes would be useful for assaying the mutual effects of sexuality on allelopathy. The aseptic bioassay system that employed female and male materials presented here could promote the isolation and identification of allelochemicals.

    DOI: 10.2503/jjshs1.80.169

  • 土壌腐植物質の生成および安定化メカニズム

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本森林学会大会発表データベース   123 ( 0 )   H13 - H13   2011年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Formation and stabilization mechanisms of soil humic substances

    DOI: 10.11519/jfsc.123.0.H13.0

  • 景観生態学図による生物多様性評価の可能性 査読

    小荒井 衛, 山下 亜紀郎, 長澤 良太, Hiroshi Sato, 中埜 貴元, 岩橋 純子, 廣瀬 葉子, 今井 靖晃, 森田 太一, 大場 一樹, 吉田 剛司, 辻村 千尋, 西 謙一, 松浦 俊也, 杉村 乾, 田中 伸彦, 宮本 麻子, 田中 浩, 勝木 俊雄, 滝 久智, 平田 泰雅, 鈴木 重雄, 河本 大地, 日置 佳之, 司馬 愛美子, 中山 詩織, 楠本 良延, 岩崎 亘典, Syuntaro Hiradate, 稲垣 栄洋

    R Journal   6 ( 1 )   104 - 114   2011年

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    記述言語:その他   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    DOI: 10.4157/ejgeo.6.104

  • Humification processes of needle litters on forest floors in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) plantations in Japan 査読

    Kenji Ono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Sayaka Morita, Kenji Ohse, Keizo Hirai

    Plant and Soil   338 ( 1 )   171 - 181   2011年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    We quantitatively clarified the early humification processes on Japanese cedar and Hinoki cypress forest floors by using a litterbag experiment and the solid-state 13C CPMAS NMR technique. There was no significant effect on litter mass loss during early humification between both coniferous litters regardless of the shape of their needles. Carbon composition in both litters showed similar trends during early humification. A/O-A as a humification index was low, around 0.6, in both litters throughout the experiment period although 60% of litter mass was lost. Coniferous litter incubated for 3 years might not be well-humified and would be susceptible to physical fragmentation. Carbon mass loss rates in conifers were in the following order: O-alkyl > aliphatic > aromatic > carbonyl carbons, differing with hardwoods. Conifers had concomitantly higher and lower mass loss rates of aliphatic and aromatic carbons than hardwoods. Soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulated in topsoil for conifers had relatively high and low contents of aliphatic and aromatic carbons than that for hardwood. These compositional differences of SOC among forests could be caused by the high and low supply rates of aliphatic and aromatic carbons from litter to topsoil. Consequently, initial litter nature and humification processes can affect the compositional qualities of SOC accumulated in soil.

    DOI: 10.1007/s11104-010-0397-z

  • Effects of plant residue, root exudate and juvenile plants of rapeseed (Brassica napus l.) on the germination, growth, yield, and quality of subsequent crops in successive and rotational cropping systems 査読

    Satoko Yasumoto, Kanako Suzuki, Morio Matsuzaki, Syuntaro Hiradate, Kenji Oose, Hisako Hirokane, Kensuke Okada

    Plant Production Science   14 ( 4 )   339 - 348   2011年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Double-low rapeseed cultivars that produce no erucic acid and have only a small amount of glucosinolates are widely used. However, the roots in mature plant residue and leaves and roots of these seedlings still contain a large amount of biologically active glucosinolates, and it is important to clarify the effect of rapeseed cultivation on the subsequent crops. We analyzed the biological activities of the tissues of double-low cultivar at harvest. The laboratory bioassays revealed that the seeds and roots of mature rapeseed plants contained some autotoxic components that were volatile and water-soluble. We also analyzed the effects of root exudates from growing rapeseed plants on rapeseed germination and growth using the stair-step method and found that the root exudates were autotoxic. In the field, we investigated the allelopathic effects of rapeseed plants on the growth, yield, and quality of the subsequent sunfl ower plant in the same field. The growth, yield and thousand kernel weight of sunfl ower were reduced by the preceding cultivation of rapeseed. There were many spontaneously germinated juvenile rapeseed plants in the sunfl ower field preceded by rapeseed cultivation. Analysis of the plant and soil nitrogen (N) indicated that the growth reduction of sunfl ower was not caused by the competition for N with the spontaneously germinated juvenile rapeseed plants. The main factors responsible for poor sunflower growth under field after the cultivation of rapeseed were suggested to be some non-volatile, water-soluble components produced by the roots of the spontaneously germinated juvenile rapeseed.

    DOI: 10.1626/pps.14.339

  • Development of an in vitro System for the Evaluation of Allelopathic Activities of Asparagus Calluses 査読

    Yasuki Watanabe, Sumio Iwai, Yoshitaka Ono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Fuminori Komai

    Horticulture Journal   80 ( 1 )   82 - 88   2011年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    An aseptic bioassay system to estimate allelopathy in asparagus calluses was established. Allelopathic activities of calluses were measured according to the callus packed cell volume (PCV) by means of the sandwich method, and remarkable inhibition of acceptor plants was observed by the addition of over 0.1 mL PCV. When female and male calluses were separately used for the sandwich method, there was no sexual difference in allelopathic activity. To detect the allelopathic activities of the callus cells in detail, we improved the plant box method that substituted the calluses for the seedlings, and serious inhibition of acceptor plants was observed with the addition of over 0.35 mL PCV as donor material. Allelopathic activities were accelerated by irradiating the calluses with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) prior to performing the aseptic bioassay. It also seemed that the light quality would affect their activities. The allelopathic activity appeared intensely with irradiation of the calluses with a blue LED. The aseptic bioassay system that employed LED-irradiated calluses established here could accelerate effectively the isolation and identification of allelochemical(s).

    DOI: 10.2503/jjshs1.80.82

  • Unusually high levels of bio-available phosphate in the soils of Ogasawara Islands, Japan: Putative influence of seabirds 査読

    Sayaka Morita, Hidetoshi Kato, Nobusuke Iwasaki, Yoshinobu Kusumoto, Keiichiro Yoshida, Syuntaro Hiradate

    GEODERMA   160 ( 2 )   155 - 164   2010年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Ogasawara Islands are important ecosystems sustaining many indigenous spices. To clarify the indigenous soil environments of Ogasawara Islands, we studied the chemistry of the soils. Many surface soils were low in bio-available P (0 to 0.55 g P(2)O(5) kg(-1), average: 0.04 g P(2)O(5) kg(-1) as Bray II P, n = 22), but several soils were found to contain extremely large amounts of bio-available P (1.36 to 6.98 g P(2)O(5) kg(-1), average: 2.93 g P(2)O(5) kg(-1), n = 5). From soil profile analyses, the authors concluded that the extremely large amount of bio-available P could not be explained by the effects of parent materials with high P contents nor the effect of fertilizations by human activity, but the effects of natural seabird activities in the past could be the cause. The soil profiles with large amounts of bio-available P indicate deep migration of soil materials from A horizons, which could be a result of intensive mixing of upper horizons by seabird activities. The intensive mixing was supported by the low mechanical impedance of the horizons for the P-accumulating soils (8.17 +/- 2.54 kg cm(-2), n = 8) than those for the non-P-accumulating soils (17.46 +/- 3.52 kg cm(-2), n = 36). It is likely that in the past seabirds, such as shearwaters, made burrows in the soils for nesting and propagating and inadvertently transported a large amount of P from the sea to the soils, resulting in the extremely large amounts of bio-available P in the present soils. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.09.008

  • Carbon sources of natural cyanamide in Vicia villosa subsp. varia 査読

    Tsunashi Kamo, Ryohei Kasahara, Shun Abe, Mitsuru Hirota, Mami Sugano, Hiroko Yamaya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Natural Product Research   24 ( 17 )   1637 - 1642   2010年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The 13C labels of [13C]carbon dioxide and D-[ 13C6]glucose were incorporated into cyanamide (NH2CN) when they were administered to Vicia villosa subsp. varia shoots. In contrast, the administration of sodium [2,3-13C2]pyruvate did not affect the relative area of the [M + 1]+ ion of cyanamide in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. [2,3-13C 2]Pyruvate was incorporated into organic acids that are part of the citric acid cycle, such as succinate and fumarate, confirming that the shoots absorbed and metabolised it. These observations demonstrated that the carbon atom of cyanamide is derived from any of the carbohydrates that are present upstream of pyruvate in the metabolic pathway.

    DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.482050

  • Contribution of militarine and dactylorhin A to the plant growth-inhibitory activity of a weed-suppressing orchid, Bletilla striata 査読

    Emi Sakuno, Tsunashi Kamo, Tomoko Takemura, Hajime Sugie, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    WEED BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT   10 ( 3 )   202 - 207   2010年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The methanol extract of Bletilla striata, an ornamental orchid in eastern Asia, exhibited plant growth-inhibitory activity. It was purified by continuous chromatography, based on the inhibitory activity against the growth of lettuce seedlings, resulting in two glycosidic compounds, militarine and dactylorhin A. The EC(50) values of militarine and dactylorhin A against the radicle elongation of the lettuce seedlings were 0.28 and 0.88 mmol L-1, respectively. The amount of militarine and dactylorhin A in the methanol extract of the aerial part of B. striata was calculated to be 5.6 and 7.5 mg g-1 fresh weight, respectively. The inhibitory activity of militarine and its content in the methanol extract revealed that the plant growth-inhibitory activity of the extract of B. striata was mainly related to militarine. The inhibitory activity of militarine against the growth of Italian ryegrass and timothy were of the same level as that of lettuce.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-6664.2010.00385.x

  • S1-36 土壌物理分画と同位体分析から見えてくる土壌有機物の分解と安定化プロセス(S1.安定・放射性同位体を用いた土壌炭素動態研究 -何がどこまで分かるのか?-,2010年度北海道大会)

    和穎 朗太, 白戸 康人, 近藤 美由紀, 内田 昌男, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 56 )   12   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • S1-35 落葉分解・腐植生成プロセスの樹種間比較 固体^<13>C核磁気共鳴法およびリターバック法による定量的解析(S1.安定・放射性同位体を用いた土壌炭素動態研究 -何がどこまで分かるのか?-,2010年度北海道大会)

    小野 賢二, Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 大瀬 健嗣, 平井 敬三

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 56 )   12   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P21-3 土壌環境制御による植生管理法の開発 第1報 : 土壌酸性化処理とそれにともなう植生変化(ポスター紹介,21.緑化技術,2010年度北海道大会)

    森田 沙綾香, 藤間 充, 太田 陽子, 楠本 良延, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 56 )   156   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P15-7 水田圃場における田面とその畦畔の土壌化学特性の比較 静岡県内における8圃場の比較(ポスター紹介,15.水田土壌肥よく度,2010年度北海道大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延, 稲垣 栄洋, 松野 和夫

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 56 )   112   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • II-4 生物多様性と土壌診断(II 土壌診断の現状と今後への挑戦-流派そろい踏み-,シンポジウム,2010年度北海道大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 56 )   208   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 19-38 石灰窒素施用土壌におけるシアナミドおよびその反応生成物の変動要因と作用の解析(19.肥料および施肥法,2010年度北海道大会)

    尾和 尚人, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 56 )   142   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 12-11 植物の一生に及ぼすアレロパシー活性を検定するライフサイクルアセスメント法の開発とDNAマイクロレイによるアレロケミカルの作用の推定(12.植物の代謝成分と農産物の品質,2010年度北海道大会)

    藤井 義晴, 菅野 真実, 和佐野 直也, Anna Golisz, 加茂 綱嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 56 )   93   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • Quantitative evaluation of allelopathic potentials in soils Total activity approach 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Kenji Ohse, Akihiro Furubayashi, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Weed Science   58 ( 3 )   258 - 264   2010年7月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The allelopathic potential of a plant has been evaluated on the basis of two indicators: specific activity, which is the specific concentration of the allelochemical to exert a half-maximum effect on a receiver plant (EC50), and total activity in a plant, which is the ratio of the concentration of an allelochemical in the producing plant to its EC50. In the present study, a new indicator, total activity in a soil, which takes into account the effects of a soil on the allelopathy activity, is proposed because allelopathic activity is affected by the presence of soils. The total activity in a soil was calculated by multiplying the "total activity in a plant" with a "soil factor." In this calculation, we assumed simplified cases for comparison, such that the allelopathic plant materials are evenly incorporated in the soils and the allelochemicals are released from the plant materials to the soils at a constant rate. We conducted bioassay experiments in the presence and absence of soils and cited some published data to calculate the specific activities and total activities in a plant and in a soil. The results indicated that the allelopathies of buckwheat caused by ()-catechin, Leucaena leucocephala by l-mimosine, Xanthium occidentale by trans-cinnamic acid, and Brassica parachinensis by cis-cinnamic acid were not significant in a volcanic ash soil, an alluvial soil, and a calcareous soil, but the allelopathy of sweet vernalgrass caused by coumarin and Spiraea thunbergii by cis-cinnamoyl glucosides was highly effective in those soils. The allelopathies of Juglans species caused by juglone plus juglone precursors and Mucuna pruriens by l-DOPA would depend highly on the soil types. Although some limitations exist for this approach, the total activity approach would allow for a better quantitative estimation of the allelopathic potential of plant materials in soils.

    DOI: 10.1614/WS-D-09-00085.1

  • ナガミヒナゲシはアレロパシー活性が強く、雑草化リスクが大きいので、広がらないようにする必要があります 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 加茂綱嗣, 根本正之

    農業環境研究成果情報   26   40 - 41   2010年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ナガミヒナゲシはアレロパシー活性が強く、雑草化リスクが大きいので、広がらないようにする必要があります

  • ナギナタガヤのアレロパシーとそのアレロケミカルの同定 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 加茂綱嗣, 加藤尚

    農業環境研究成果情報   26   36 - 37   2010年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ナギナタガヤのアレロパシーとそのアレロケミカルの同定

  • 石灰窒素の主成分シアナミドの硝酸化成抑制作用の解析(2010年度大会一般講演要旨)

    尾和 尚人, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    土と微生物   64 ( 2 )   137   2010年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    DOI: 10.18946/jssm.64.2_137_4

  • 生きている土壌 腐植と熟土の生成と働き, エアハルト・ヘニッヒ著, 中村英司訳, 四六判(20cm), 348pp, 定価1,995円(本体1,900円,税95円), 日本有機農業研究会, (社)農山漁村文化協会, ISBN:978-4-540-08314-3, 2009年6月第1刷発行

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   80 ( 5 )   560 - 560   2009年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dojo.80.5_560

  • 12-4 根圏土壌法による植物の根から放出される物質によるアレロパシー活性の検定 植物栽培土壌を用いた検定とプラントボックス法との関係(12.植物の代謝成分と農作物の品質,2009年度京都大会)

    藤井 義晴, 大瀬 健嗣, 古林 章弘, 森田 沙綾香, 加茂 綱嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 55 )   104   2009年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P9-9 産地が異なるヨモギの土壌の化学的特性に対する生育反応(ポスター紹介,9.植物の多量栄養素,2009年度京都大会)

    森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 伊藤 豊彰

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 55 )   79   2009年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P11-14 モエジマシダのヒ素耐性メカニズム チオール化合物の寄与(ポスター紹介,11.植物の有害元素,2009年度京都大会)

    酒井 有希, 渡部 敏裕, 中村 孝志, 石川 覚, Syuntaro Hiradate, 信濃 卓郎, 大崎 満

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 55 )   102   2009年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 51 石灰窒素の土壌施用にともなうカドミウムイオンの不溶化要因の解析(関東支部講演会,2008年度各支部会)

    尾和 尚人, Syuntaro Hiradate, 川崎 晃, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 55 )   282   2009年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 19-55 石灰窒素の主要構成成分であるシアナミドの硝酸化成抑制作用(19.肥料および施肥法,2009年度京都大会)

    尾和 尚人, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 55 )   153   2009年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 13-6 小笠原諸島・母島の土壌中に異常蓄積している可給態リン酸の起源について(13.土壌生成・分類,2009年度京都大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延, 加藤 英寿

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 55 )   110   2009年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • Organic carbon accumulation processes on a forest floor during an early humification stage in a temperate deciduous forest in Japan Evaluations of chemical compositional changes by 13C NMR and their decomposition rates from litterbag experiment 査読

    Kenji Ono, Keizo Hirai, Sayaka Morita, Kenji Ohse, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Geoderma   151 ( 3-4 )   351 - 356   2009年7月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To quantitatively clarify the organic carbon accumulation processes on the forest floor during an early stage of humification (3 years), solid-state 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CPMAS NMR) signals were monitored for phased-humified beech and oak litters and soil surface horizons in the northern Kanto District, Japan. The mass loss rate of the carbon components during the humification for both litters was in the following order: O-alkyl > aromatic > aliphatic > carbonyl carbons. This result indicates that the labile O-alkyl carbons, probably dominated by holocellulose were selectively degraded compared to the other components. 44% of O-alkyl carbon mass for beech and 38% for oak lost throughout 3 years of incubation. Inversely, the mass of aliphatic carbons, which is mainly composed of saturated hydrocarbons, decreased quite slowly from 20 to 10% with humification, probably because a large proportion of the aliphatic carbons are secondary products of microorganisms. The aromatic carbon mass, which would be derived from lignin/tannin and their metabolites, also decreased gradually from 17 to 6% over 3 years. While, the carbonyl carbon mass was quite stable at around 2% throughout the incubation period, probably because the hydrolysis reactions of organic carbon would contribute to the formation of the carbonyl carbons. According to an exponential model, the total carbon stocks on the forest floor converged at 4.2 Mg C ha- 1 for the first few years at the studying site. The carbon compositions converged to intermediate levels between those of the F and A1 horizons. The simulation in the present study is able to represent the carbon accumulation process on the forest floor including a part of the mineral.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.05.001

  • Identification and activity of ethyl gallate as an antimicrobial compound produced by geranium carolinianum 査読

    Atsushi Ooshiro, Syuntaro Hiradate, Shinji Kawano, Tetsuya Takushi, Yoshiharu Fujii, Masahiro Natsume, Hiroshi Abe

    Weed Biology and Management   9 ( 2 )   169 - 172   2009年6月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    We isolated an antimicrobial compound from the aerial tissue of Geranium carolinianum and identified it as ethyl 3, 4, 5-trihydroxy benzoate (ethyl gallate) by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activity of ethyl gallate against three potato pathogens was assayed by the paper disk method. The activity against Ralstonia solanacerum, Streptomyces scabies, and Streptomyces acidiscabies was observed at concentrations >200, >300, and >300 μg disk -1, respectively. These results suggest that the antimicrobial activity of Geranium carolinianum against soil-borne plant disease pathogens is partly related to ethyl gallate.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-6664.2009.00335.x

  • Biosynthetic origin of the nitrogen atom in cyanamide in Vicia villosa subsp. varia 査読

    Tsunashi Kamo, Kenji Kato, Shun Abe, Mitsuru Hirota, Hiroko Yamaya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   55 ( 2 )   235 - 242   2009年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Natural cyanamide (NH2CN) has recently been found in three Leguminosae plants: Vicia villosa subsp. varia, Vicia cracca and Robinia pseudo-acacia. As cyanamide has long been thought to be absent in nature, its physiological role and biosynthesis are totally unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated the incorporation of 15N from [15N]nitrate and [15N]ammonium into cyanamide using shoots of V. villosa subsp. varia, which ruled out the possibility that nodules are essential in cyanamide biosynthesis. We also applied [15N2]cyanamide to shoots of V. villosa subsp. varia to monitor its turnover, and detected [ 15N2]cyanamide in the leaves within 4 h; it was present without detectable degradation for more than 4 days. In contrast, maximum incorporation of 15N into cyanamide molecules was observed after 4 days of feeding the shoots with 15N-labeled inorganic ions and l-[amide-15N]-glutamine, indicating that these nitrogenous compounds are distant precursors of cyanamide. Although the guanidino group of l-arginine (-NH-C(NH2)=NH) and urea (NH2C(=O)NH2) were candidate precursors of cyanamide on the basis of structural similarity, direct incorporation of the guanidino group of l-[13C6, 15N4]-arginine and [13C,15N 2]urea into cyanamide was not observed. These results eliminated the possibility that cyanamide is biosynthesized by the addition of ammonia to an electrophilic carbon or by the conversion of the tested compounds that were structurally relevant to cyanamide.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2008.00354.x

  • 発芽生物学 種子発芽の生理・生態・分子機構

    Carol C. Baskin, Jerry M. Baskin, 吉岡 俊人, 藤 茂雄, 川上 直人, 豊増 知伸, 清和 研二, 深尾 武司, 高橋 宏和, 中園 幹生, 米山 弘一, 米山 香織, 秋山 康紀, 林 英雄, 小林 浩幸, 本田 裕紀郎, 林田 光祐, 小山 浩正, 大田 正次, 丹羽 未来子, Hakan Ozkan, 中野 真理子, 増田 理子, 西村 文武, 津田 智, 関岡 裕明, 山口 信次郎, 三ツ井 敏明, 朝比奈 雅志, Hiroyuki Nonogaki, 久城 哲夫, 岡本 昌憲, 南原 英司, Syuntaro Hiradate, 西廣 美穂, 正木 隆, 立松 圭, 内藤 哲

    種生物学研究   32   1 - 436   2009年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Seed Germination : Physiology, Ecology and Molecular Mechanisms

  • Adsorption of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid onto volcanic ash soils Effects of pH and soil organic matter 査読

    Ei Ei Mon, Taiki Hirata, Ken Kawamoto, Syuntaro Hiradate, Toshiko Komatsu, Per Moldrup

    EnvironmentAsia   2 ( 1 )   1 - 9   2009年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The quantification of the linear adsorption coefficient (K
    d) for soils plays a vital role to predict fate and transport of pesticides in the soil-water environment. In this study, we measured K
    d values for 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) adsorption onto Japanese volcanic ash soils with different amount of soil organic matter (SOM) in batch experiments under different pH conditions. All measurements followed well both linear and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Strong correlations were found between measured K
    d values and pH as well as SOM. The 2,4-D adsorption increased with decreasing pH and with increasing SOM. Based on the data, a predictive K
    d equation for volcanic ash soils, log (K
    d) = 2.04 - 0.37 pH + 0.91 log (SOM), was obtained by the multiple regression analysis. The predictive K
    d equation was tested against measured 2,4-D sorption data for other volcanic ash soils and normal mineral soils from literature. The proposed K
    d equation well predicted K
    d values for other volcanic ash soils and slightly over- or under-predicted K
    d values for normal mineral soils. The proposed K
    d equation performed well against volcanic ash soils from different sites and countries, and is therefore recommended for predicting K
    d values at different pH and SOM conditions for volcanic ash soils when calculating and predicting 2,4-D mobility and fate in soil and groundwater.

  • 落葉分解リターや表層土壌試料中の有機物組成への46%フッ化水素溶液処理の影響

    小野 賢二, 平井 敬三, 森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本森林学会大会発表データベース   120 ( 0 )   581 - 581   2009年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The influences of 46% hydrofluoric acid treatment on the organic compositional characteristics of phased-decomposing litters and surface soils.

    DOI: 10.11519/jfsc.120.0.581.0

  • The crucial role of mitochondrial regulation in adaptive aluminium resistance in Rhodotorula glutinis 査読

    Akio Tani, Chiemi Inoue, Yoko Tanaka, Yoko Yamamoto, Hideki Kondo, Syuntaro Hiradate, Kazuhide Kimbara, Fusako Kawai

    MICROBIOLOGY-SGM   154 ( 11 )   3437 - 3446   2008年11月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Rhodotorula glutinis IFO1125 was found to acquire increased aluminium (Al) resistance from 50 mu M to more than 5 mM by repetitive culturing with stepwise increases in Al concentration at pH 4.0. To investigate the mechanism underlying this novel phenomenon, wild-type and Al- resistant cells were compared. Neither cell type accumulated the free form of Al (Al3+) added to the medium. Transmission electron microscopic analyses revealed a greater number of mitochondria in resistant cells. The formation of small mitochondria with simplified cristae structures was observed in the wild-type strain grown in the presence of Al and in resistant cells grown in the absence of Al. Addition of Al to cells resulted in high mitochondrial membrane potential and concomitant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Exposure to Al also resulted in elevated levels of oxidized proteins and oxidized lipids. Addition of the antioxidants a-tocopherol and ascorbic acid alleviated the Al toxicity, suggesting that ROS generation is the main cause of Al toxicity. Differential display analysis indicated upregulation of mitochondrial genes in the resistant cells. Resistant cells were found to have 2.5- to 3-fold more mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) than the wild-type strain. Analysis of tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory-chain enzyme activities in wild-type and resistant cells revealed significantly reduced cytochrome c oxidase activity and resultant high ROS production in the latter cells. Taken together, these data suggest that the adaptive increased resistance to Al stress in resistant cells resulted from an increased number of mitochondria and increased mtDNA content, as a compensatory response to reduced respiratory activity caused by a deficiency in complex IV function.

    DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.2007/016048-0

  • Ammonia exchange between rice leaf blades and the atmosphere Effect of broadcast urea and changes in xylem sap and leaf apoplastic ammonium concentrations 査読

    Kentaro Hayashi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Satoru Ishikawa, Isamu Nouchi

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   54 ( 5 )   807 - 818   2008年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To elucidate the effects of broadcast urea on ammonia (NH3) exchange between the atmosphere and rice, we investigated the NH3 exchange flux between rice leaf blades and the atmosphere, xylem sap ammonium (NH4+) concentration, leaf apoplastic NH4 + concentration and pH, and determined the stomatal NH3 compensation point. Paddy rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) cultivation using experimental pots was conducted in the open air. Three treatments, no nitrogen (NN), standard nitrogen (SN) and high nitrogen (HN), were prepared for two supplemental fertilizations. Urea with 0, 30 and 60 kg N ha-1 for the NN, SN and HN treatments, respectively, was broadcast at panicle initiation, and urea with 0, 20 and 40 kg N ha-1 for the NN, SN and HN treatments, respectively, was broadcast at heading. The NH3 exchange fluxes between the rice leaf blades and the atmosphere (SN treatment) measured using a dynamic chamber technique showed net deposition in general; however, net emission from the old leaves occurred 1 day after the application at heading. In contrast, the xylem sap NH4+ concentrations increased markedly 1 day after both applications, which suggests direct transportation of NH4+ from the rice roots to the above-ground parts. The applications resulted in no obvious increase in the leaf apoplastic NH4+ concentrations. The relationship between the NH4+ concentration in the xylem sap and that in the leaf apoplast was uncertain, although the NH4+ in the xylem sap came from the roots and the NH4+ in the apoplast might be affected by the stomatal deposition of NH3. The stomatal NH3 compensation point of rice was estimated to be 0.1-4.1 nmol mol-1 air (20°C). The direction and intensity of the exchange flux through the stomata, interpreted on the basis of the temperature-corrected NH3 compensation point, agreed with the observed exchange flux between the rice leaf blades and the atmosphere.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2008.00299.x

  • 土壌の化学特性が外来植物と在来植物の住み分けに与える影響 (特集 外来植物のリスク評価と蔓延防止(2))

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延

    農業技術   63 ( 10 )   469 - 474   2008年10月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Effects of soil chemical properties on the habitats of alien and endemic plants

  • 10-16 ヘアリーベッチとハリエンジュに含まれるシアナミドが植物に及ぼす影響 成長への影響とDNAマイクロアレイによる遺伝子発現への影響評価(10.植物の代謝,2008年度愛知大会)

    藤井 義晴, Anna Golisz, 菅野 真実, 加茂 綱嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 54 )   101   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P4-1 南部浮石と中掫浮石の間に産する埋没腐植層の風化過程解析 : ^<27>Alおよび^<29>Si固体NMRスペクトルによる土壌無機母材の風化解析(ポスター紹介,4.土壌物理化学・鉱物,2008年度愛知大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 井上 弦, 細野 衛, 佐瀬 隆

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 54 )   38   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P3 イモゴライトの合成における陰イオン種の影響(ポスター討論)

    島村 雄彦, 鈴木 正哉, 森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate

    粘土科学討論会講演要旨集   ( 52 )   162 - 163   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P2-5 小笠原諸島・父島、母島、兄島における植生と表層土壌の化学的特性との関係(ポスター紹介,2.土壌有機・無機化学,2008年度愛知大会)

    森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延, 北川 靖夫, 藤井 義晴, 加藤 英寿, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 54 )   32   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P2-1 北関東地域の森林土壌におけるリター分解および有機物の腐植化プロセスの解析 13C固体NMRによる有機物組成の経時的解析(ポスター紹介,2.土壌有機・無機化学,2008年度愛知大会)

    小野 賢二, 平井 敬三, 森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 54 )   30   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P10-5 全活性法による土壌中での他感作用の定量的評価および根圏土壌法による他感作用活性(ポスター紹介,10.植物の代謝,2008年度愛知大会)

    大瀬 健嗣, 古林 章弘, 山谷 紘子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 54 )   102   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 9 土壌リン形態変化の^<31>P NMRによる解析(北海道支部講演会,2007年度各支部会)

    岡島 祥一, 中嶋 彩起子, 海野 佑介, 信濃 卓郎, Benjamin L. Turner, Syuntaro Hiradate, 大崎 満

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 54 )   243   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 2-6 黒ボク土における植物炭化物の性状(2.土壌有機・無機化学,2008年度愛知大会)

    西村 周作, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤嶽 暢英, 進藤 晴夫

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 54 )   23   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 2-3 腐植酸と結合した鉄、アルミニウムの化学形態(2.土壌有機・無機化学,2008年度愛知大会)

    山口 紀子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 54 )   22   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 15 除草剤Clomepropの代謝産物DMPAのアロフェン黒ぼく土への吸着(関東支部講演会,2007年度各支部会)

    村野 宏達, 大谷 卓, 古林 章弘, 小林 勝一郎, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 54 )   271   2008年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • Root mucilage enhances aluminum accumulation in Melastoma malabathricum, an aluminum accumulator 査読

    Toshihiro Watanabe, Seiji Misawa, Syuntaro Hiradate, Mitsuru Osaki

    Plant Signaling and Behavior   3 ( 8 )   603 - 605   2008年8月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Root mucilage is gelatinous polysaccharide-containing material exuded from the outer layers of the root cap. Although mucilage has been suggested to play several roles in plant growth, its role in mineral uptake has not been well understood. Melastoma malabathricum L. is an aluminum (Al) accumulator growing in tropical acid soils. This species accumulates more than 10 mg Al g -1 DW in leaves and roots. Root mucilage is generally known to immobilize metal cations such as Al in the rhizosphere. However, we found that roots of M. malabathricum exuded large amounts of mucilage. Using the Zea mays L. mucilage as a control, we have recently shown that mucilage of M. malabathricum has unique physical and chemical characteristics, and facilitates Al uptake in this species. Since M. malabathricum cannot grow well in Al-deficient soil (nonacid soils), this species might have developed a mechanism for Al acquisition. We have also discussed the reason for this species' requirement of Al, a nonessential element.

  • AGRO 12-Cyanamide in hairy vetch, tufted vetch, and black locust 査読

    Yoshiharu Fujii, Tsunashi Kamo, Syuntaro Hiradate, Nobuhiro Hirai

    ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY   236   2008年8月

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    記述言語:英語  

  • Characterization of root mucilage from Melastoma malabathricum, with emphasis on its roles in aluminum accumulation 査読

    Toshihiro Watanabe, Seiji Misawa, Syuntaro Hiradate, Mitsuru Osaki

    NEW PHYTOLOGIST   178 ( 3 )   581 - 589   2008年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Plant roots exude viscous polysaccharides, called mucilage. One of the suggested roles of mucilage is immobilization of toxic metal cations, including aluminum (Al), in the rhizosphere.
    Mucilage exuded from roots of Melastoma malabathricum (Al accumulator) was characterized in comparison with that of Zea mays (maize; Al nonaccumulator).
    Removal of mucilage significantly reduced Al accumulation in M. malabathricum. The cation adsorption affinity of M. malabathricum mucilage was higher for Al and lanthanum (La) than for barium (Ba), whereas that of maize mucilage was in the order Ba > La > Al. A (27)Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of the Al-adsorbed mucilage and bioassay with alfalfa seedlings indicated that the concentrated Al in the mucilage of M. malabathricum, unlike that of maize, bound very weakly to cation exchange sites of mucilage.
    The higher charge density in M. malabathricum mucilage, derived from unmethylated uronic acid, is inferred to be related to preferential adsorption of trivalent cation. Not only a higher degree of methylation in the uronic acid (glucuronic acid) but also H(+) release from roots to the mucilage appears to be responsible for the loose binding of Al in M. malabathricum mucilage. These characteristics of mucilage may help Al hyperaccumulation in M. malabathricum.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02397.x

  • 外来生物法と「外来植物のリスク評価と蔓延防止」に関する研究のねらい (特集 外来植物のリスク評価と蔓延防止(1))

    藤井 義晴, Syuntaro Hiradate

    農業技術   63 ( 5 )   198 - 202   2008年5月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • シンクロトロン放射光を用いた微量元素の動態解明 植物・土壌試料への適用

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 寺田 靖子, 北島 信行, 高橋 美智子, 西澤 直子, 山口 紀子, 竹中 眞

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   79 ( 2 )   229 - 237   2008年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    X線、赤外線などの光を利用した分光分析技術は、植物・土壌中元素の定量・定性分析に古くから活用されてきた。近年、シンクロトロン放射光源の出現によりその応用範囲は拡大し、放射光は土壌肥料学分野においても有力な分析ツールとして注目されている。放射光とは、ほぼ光速で直進する荷電粒子がその進行方向を磁場の中で変えられる際に発生する光(電磁波)であり、円環状の粒子加速器であるシンクロトロンを利用することによって得られる。シンクロトロン放射光のメリットを活かした研究例として、まずX線マイクロビームを利用した蛍光X線分析による無機元素のイメージング(特定元素の分布の可視化)が挙げられる。輝度および平行度の高いシンクロトロン放射光は、μmスケールまで絞っても、植物・土壌中に存在する微量元素を励起できることから、微小領域の蛍光X線分析に利用できる。たとえば植物中の微量元素の分布を組織・細胞レベルで検出できるマイクロ蛍光X線イメージング技術は、植物中の微量元素の動態を明らかにするために有効である。本シンポジウムでは、シンクロトロン放射光の利用を促進する目的で、土壌肥料関連分野におけるいくつかの研究例とともに、実際の利用方法や利用にあたっての注意事項などを紹介した。

  • 腐植物質分析ハンドブック-標準試料を例にして-, 日本腐植物質学会監修, 渡辺彰・藤嶽暢英・長尾誠也編, A5版, 142pp, 定価2,500円(本体価格2,381円), 三恵社, 2007年10月発行

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   79 ( 2 )   245 - 245   2008年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dojo.79.2_245

  • Limited distribution of natural cyanamide in higher plants: Occurrence in Vicia villosa subsp varia, V. cracca, and Robinia pseudo-acacia 査読

    Tsunashi Kamo, Mai Endo, Masae Sato, Ryohei Kasahara, Hiroko Yamaya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Nobuhiro Hirai, Mitsuru Hirota

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   69 ( 5 )   1166 - 1172   2008年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Cyanamide (NH2CN) has recently been proven to be a natural product, although it has been synthesized for over 100 years for agricultural and industrial purposes. The distribution of natural cyanamide appears to be limited, as indicated by our previous investigation of 101 weed species. In the present study, to investigate the distribution of natural cyanamide in Vicia species, we monitored the cyanamide contents in V villosa subsp. varia, V cracca, and V amoena during their pre-flowering and flowering seasons. It was confirmed that V cracca was superior to V villosa subsp. varia in accumulating natural cyanamide, and that V amoena was unable to biosynthesize this compound under laboratory condition examined. The localization of cyanamide in the leaves of V villosa subsp. varia seedlings was also clarified. In a screening study to find cyanamide-biosynthesizing plants, only Robinia pseudo-acacia was found to contain cyanamide among 452 species of higher plants. We have investigated 553 species to date, but have so far found the ability to biosynthesize cyanamide in only three species, V villosa subsp. varia, V. cracca and R. pseudo-acacia. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.11.004

  • 要注意外来植物ハリエンジュにもシアナミドが含まれる 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 山谷紘子, 加茂綱嗣

    農業環境研究成果情報   24   26 - 27   2008年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    要注意外来植物ハリエンジュにもシアナミドが含まれる

  • 簡易型雑草リスク評価法の提案とこれによるリスク評価 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎

    農業環境研究成果情報   24   30 - 31   2008年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    簡易型雑草リスク評価法の提案とこれによるリスク評価

  • 外来植物アカギに含まれる植物生育阻害物質はL-酒石酸 査読

    山谷紘子, 平舘俊太郎, 藤井義晴

    農業環境研究成果情報   24   28 - 29   2008年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    外来植物アカギに含まれる植物生育阻害物質はL-酒石酸

  • アスパラガスのアレロパシー活性に及ぼす光質の影響

    駒井 史訓, 渡部 泰希, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学研究. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表要旨   7 ( 1 )   379   2008年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Influence of light quality on allelopathic effects of asparagus through aseptic bioassay

  • Adsorption of herbicidally active degradate 2-(2,4-dichloro-3-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid on an andosol 査読

    Hirotatsu Murano, Takashi Otani, Akihiro Furubayashi, Kohji Yamamura, Katsuichiro Kobayashi, Syuntaro Hiradate

    JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY   56 ( 4 )   1350 - 1357   2008年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The adsorption of 2-(2,4-dichloro-3-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid (DMPA) on the surface horizon of a humus-rich Andosol was examined. To investigate the mechanisms of adsorption, chemically treated Andosols, such as organic matter removed Andosol, organic matter and active metals removed Andosol, and clay minerals of the Andosol, were prepared. Furthermore, humic acid was extracted from the Andosol. The mechanisms of the DMPA adsorption were identified by using those untreated and chemically treated Andosols and the humic acid. The amount of DMPA adsorbed increased with decreasing equilibrium pH value. Active surface hydroxyl groups were identified as the most important soil functional group in DMPA adsorption. The predominant mechanism of DMPA adsorption on the Andosol is a ligand-exchange reaction, in which an active surface hydroxyl on Al and/or Fe is replaced by a carboxylic group of DMPA. A comparative study revealed that the amount of DMPA adsorbed was slightly greater than that of (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D), especially at equilibrium pH values below 5. This is because the octanol-water partition coefficient (log K(ow),) of DMPA in the equilibrium pH range is higher than that of 2,4-D, and SOM participates in the adsorption process through a hydrophobic interaction.

    DOI: 10.1021/jf0729816

  • Determination of the absolute configuration of the male aggregation pheromone, 2-methyl-6-(4′-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl)hept-2-en-1-ol, of the stink bug Erysarcoris lewisi (Distant) as 2Z,6R,1′S,5′S by its synthesis 査読

    Kenji Mori, Takuya Tashiro, Tomoko Yoshimura, Masami Takita, Jun Tabata, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hajime Sugie

    Tetrahedron Letters   49 ( 2 )   354 - 357   2008年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Lipase-catalyzed asymmetric acetylation of a mixture of (6R,1′S,4′S,5′R)- and (6R,1′R,4′R,5′S)-7′-norsesquisabinen-4′-ol (3) afforded a separable mixture of the recovered former and the acetate of the latter. The recovered alcohol was oxidized to (6R,1′S,5′R)-sesquisabina ketone (2), whose absolute configuration could be assigned by its CD comparison with (1R,5S)-sabina ketone (4). Conversion of (6R,1′S,5′R)-sesquisabina ketone (2) to the bioactive pheromone revealed the stereostructure of the male aggregation pheromone of the stink bug Erysarcoris lewisi (Distant) to be (2Z,6R,1′S,5′S)-2-methyl-6-(4′-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl)hept-2-en-1-ol (sesquisabinen-1-ol, 1).

    DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.11.036

  • Mechanism for the detoxification of aluminum in roots of tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) 査読

    Akio Morita, Osamu Yanagisawa, Satoshi Takatsu, Setsuko Maeda, Syuntaro Hiradate

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   69 ( 1 )   147 - 153   2008年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To determine the mechanism of aluminum (Al) detoxification in the roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze), the amounts of Al and Al-chelating compounds (fluoride (F), organic acids and catechins) were measured and the chemical forms of A, in root cell extracts were identified by the application of Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Tea plants were cultivated in nutrient solutions containing 0, 4, 1.0 and 4.0 mM of Al at pH 4.2 for approximately 10 weeks. The levels of soluble Al, water-soluble oxalate and citrate, but not F, malate or catechins in young roots increased with an increase in the concentration of Al in the treatment solution. The Al-27 NMR spectra of root tips and cell sap extracted from root tips that had been treated with Al were almost identical and had four signals, with two (11 and 16 ppm) apparently corresponding to the known chemical shifts of Al-oxalate complexes. In the spectra of cell sap, the resonances at 11 and 16 ppm increased with an increase in the Al contents. These results suggest that the levels of Al-oxalate complexes increased in response to an increase in the Al level, implying that oxalate is a key Al-chelating compound in the mechanism of Al detoxification in the tea root. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.06.007

  • Identification of a sex pheromone component of the Japanese mealybug, Planococcus kraunhiae (Kuwana) 査読

    Hajime Sugie, Mayumi Teshiba, Yutaka Narai, Takafumi Tsutsumi, Nobuo Sawamura, Jun Tabata, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Applied Entomology and Zoology   43 ( 3 )   369 - 375   2008年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A sex pheromone component of the Japanese mealybug, Planococcus kraunhiae, was isolated and identified. A crude extract of the pheromone obtained by airborne collection was first fractionated with Florisil column chromatography. The activity of each fractionated sample was examined in Petri dishes. The active fraction was further purified by HPLC and an active component was isolated by preparative GC. The purified compound showed attraction activity to adult males of P. kraunhiae in the field. The chemical structure was determined to be 2-isopropyliden-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl butyrate by GC-MS and NMR analyses.

    DOI: 10.1303/aez.2008.369

  • 豆類のアレロパシー評価法の検討

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 篠原 温

    北陸作物学会報   43 ( 0 )   117 - 121   2008年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The growth-inhibitory activity associated with allelopathy from bean was studied using the "Plant Box Method" and "Sandwich Method" in bioassays. By these methods, we confirmed that bean produced allelochemical substances from their roots. These methods also enabled to evaluate the effect of flowable activated carbon (activated carbon F) as one of the materials onto which the allelochemical substances were absorbed at a laboratory level.

    DOI: 10.19016/hokurikucs.43.0_117

  • Isolation and estimation of the aggregation pheromone from Eysarcoris lewisi (Distant) (Heteroptera Pentatomidae) 査読

    Masami Takita, Hajime Sugie, Jun Tabata, Syoichi Ishii, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Applied Entomology and Zoology   43 ( 1 )   11 - 17   2008年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A male-produced crude aggregation pheromone from Eysarcoris lewisi (Distant) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) was collected from volatiles emitted by adult males. It was purified with high performance liquid chromatography using a silica gel column, followed by preparative gas chromatography. The attraction activity of each fraction was field tested using water pan traps. The isolated compound of the aggregation pheromone component was analyzed by GC-MS and NMR, and the chemical structure was estimated to be (Z)-2-methyl-6-(4- methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hex-1-yl)hept-2-en-1-ol.

    DOI: 10.1303/aez.2008.11

  • Strategies of Plants to Adapt to Mineral Stresses in Problem Soils

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Jian Feng Ma, Hideaki Matsumoto

    Advances in Agronomy   96   65 - 132   2007年10月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Mineral imbalance in high-input agricultural ecosystems has become an acute concern in many developed countries. Relapse into low-input agricultural ecosystems, however, will cause mineral stresses to crops, resulting in reduced food productions. Under such natural soil conditions, some endemic plants can tolerate the mineral stresses because they have evolved to adapt to the stresses. Numerous studies have been conducted to clarify the chemistry of the mineral elements of interest in rhizosphere and to utilize the tolerant mechanisms in plants. In this chapter, the authors reviewed the research progress on molecular scale mechanisms of Fe-deficiency, Al-toxicity, and P-deficiency stresses in soils and their tolerances by plants. In low Fe-availability conditions, two Fe-acquisition mechanisms of plants have been clarified: enhanced Fe dissolution in rhizosphere by secreted proton/reductants/chelators followed by reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ and specific uptake of Fe2+ (Strategy I) and Fe dissolution by secreted hexadentate Fe3+-transporting molecule (phytosiderophore) by forming Fe3+-phytosiderophore complex followed by specific uptake of the complex (Strategy II). Two tolerant mechanisms against high Al-toxicity of soils have been reported: exclusion of Al from cytoplasm (exclusion mechanism) and detoxification of Al in plants (internal detoxification mechanism). Phosphorous acquisition mechanisms of plants from low P-availability soils would be (1) alteration of root architecture, (2) secretion of organic acids, (3) secretion of phosphatase, and (4) enhanced expression of P transporter on roots. Some of the molecular mechanisms for the expression of the tolerances and their application to the genetic improvement are also reviewed.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2113(07)96004-6

  • ヘアリーベッチにおけるシアナミドの生合成部位

    笠原 良平, 加茂 綱嗣, 廣田 満, Syuntaro Hiradate, 山谷 紘子, 藤井 義晴

    植物の生長調節 = Regulation of plant growth & development   42   81   2007年10月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Cyanamide (NH_2CN) has been isolated from hairy vetch Vicia villosa subsp. varia as a natural product for the first time. We have already clarified that the cyanamide content in hairy vetch seedlings cultivated in the growth chamber reaches its maximum at 3-4 week. The present study aims at elucidating the organ in which cyanamide is biosynthesized. The cyanamide contents in the leaves, the stems, and the roots of 4-week-old seedlings were 629 ± 209, 256 ± 134, and < 20 μg/gFW (average ± SD), respectively. This suggests that cyanamide is biosynthesized in the aerial parts (the leaves plus the stems). To investigate the cyanamide-biosynthesizing organ, we compared the ^^<15>N incorporation into cyanamide in the whole aerial parts to that in the apical portion including the younger leaves. The ^^<15>N isotope abundance ratio in the isolated cyanamide was 3.99 ± 0.61% (average ± SE) when the whole aerial parts was incubated with ^^<15>N-labeled nitrogen sources, which was significantly higher than that of control (0.28 ± 0.03%). In contrast, the cyanamide isolated from the apical portion was not ^^<15>N-labeled on the same condition. These results imply that cyanamide is biosynthesized in the mature leaves.

  • アスパラガスのアスパラガスに対するアレロパシー様活性の無菌的生物検定

    駒井 史訓, 渡部 泰希, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学研究. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表要旨   6 ( 2 )   542   2007年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Aseptic bioassay for estimation of asparagus allelopathic effects toward asparagus seeds

  • Fine fractionation and purification of the fulvic acid fraction using adsorption and precipitation procedures 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Takuya Yonezawa, Hiroshi Takesako

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   53 ( 4 )   413 - 419   2007年8月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A new scheme for fine fractionating and purifying a crude fulvic acid fraction was proposed. The fractionation procedure includes an adsorption process of the fulvic acid fraction on a hydrophobic resin (e.g. XAD-8 and DAX-8) and a sequence of successive elution processes. This procedure yields a non-adsorbed fraction (FA-1), a 0.1 mol L-1 HCl eluted fraction (FA-2), a distilled water eluted fraction (FA-3) and a 0.1 mol L-1 NaOH eluted fraction (FA-4). To remove salts and water, the fractionated organic molecules were co-precipitated with Al hydroxides at pH 5 and collected by centrifugation. Recoveries of carbon from the crude fulvic acid fraction of an Andosol were 42, 20, 19 and 14% for FA-1, FA-2, FA-3 and FA-4, respectively, and 96% of carbon was recovered in total. Optical properties and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra indicated that the chemical properties of FA-1 were similar to those of FA-2 and were hydrophilic, while the chemical properties of FA-3 were very close to those of FA-4 and were hydrophobic (estimated hydrophobicity: humic acid >> FA-4 ≥ FA-3 >> FA-2 ≥ FA-1). A fulvic acid that can be isolated using the International Humic Substances Society method would be, in practice, a mixture of hydrophilic fulvic acid (FA-2) and hydrophobic fulvic acid (FA-3 + FA-4). The method developed in the present study will provide more detailed, quantitative and complete information of the fulvic acid fraction of soils.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00159.x

  • P2-8 都城盆地の累積性黒ぼく土断面における火山灰の風化 固体高分解能^<27>Alおよび^<29>Si-NMRスペクトルによる解析(2.土壌有機・無機化学,2007年度東京大会)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 井上 弦, 森田 沙綾香

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 53 )   25   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P2-7 土壌環境中におけるカテコール化合物の吸着・変換反応と植物生育阻害活性の低下(2.土壌有機・無機化学,2007年度東京大会)

    古林 章弘, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 53 )   24   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P11-2 在来植物および外来植物が生育する土壌環境 在来植物4種,外来植物4種,および雑種タンポポの室内栽培実験から(11.植物の栄養生態,2007年度東京大会)

    森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate, 楠本 良延, 山本 勝利, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 53 )   102   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P10-6 ギンネム葉に含まれる植物生育阻害物質の単離・同定と土壌中における生育阻害活性の変化 全活性を指標にして(10.植物の代謝,2007年度東京大会)

    山谷 紘子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 大瀬 健嗣, 古林 章弘, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 53 )   97   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P10-16 根圏土壌法による外来植物の他感作用検定および他感作用活性の季節的変化(10.植物の代謝,2007年度東京大会)

    大瀬 健嗣, 古林 章弘, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 53 )   100   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P10-14 侵入・導入される外来植物の他感作用のプラントボックス法による検索 15年間の検定結果1万件のデータベース化(10.植物の代謝,2007年度東京大会)

    藤井 義晴, 菅野 真実, Dolorosa Pariasca, 大瀬 健嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 53 )   99   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 13-9 十和田火山テフラ分布域における埋没黒ボク土の^<14>C年代と生成環境(13.土壌生成・分類,2007年度東京大会)

    井上 弦, Syuntaro Hiradate, 佐瀬 隆, 細野 衛, 外崎 公徳, 松崎 浩之

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 53 )   112   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Characterization of major and trace elements in sclerotium grains 査読

    M. Watanabe, Y. Inoue, N. Sakagami, O. Bolormaa, K. Kawasaki, Syuntaro Hiradate, N. Fujitake, H. Ohta

    Journal of Soil Sciences   58 ( 3 )   786 - 793   2007年6月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Sclerotium grains in soil contain humus-metal complexes that are probably produced from fungal metabolites. The characterization of major elements in sclerotium grains collected from volcanic ash soils in Mt Myoko was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FT-IR spectrometry and CHN analysis, and the concentration of trace elements was determined by PIXE (particle induced X-ray emission spectrometer) analysis. The content of major elements, C, H, N, O and Al, was approximately 47.6, 3.32, 0.78, 30.2 and 1.4% by mass, respectively. Trace elements such as Ti, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Br and Pb were detected in the grains at concentrations between 10 and 100 μg g-1. Functional carbon groups for the whole grain were characterized by the dominance of O-alkyl C associated with aromatic C. The comparison between the surface and subsurface (matrix) of the grain showed that the concentrations of O, C and N were relatively greater on the surface of sclerotium grains than in the matrix. The proportion of carbon having C-O, C=O, and O-C=O bonds, O and N showed a tendency to decrease from the surface towards the matrix. The proportion of C assigned as C-C and/or C-H bonds had a tendency to increase towards the matrix associated with Al.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2006.00868.x

  • Effects of soil acidification and forest type on water soluble soil organic matter properties 査読

    Tsutomu Ohno, Ivan J. Fernandez, Syuntaro Hiradate, Jessica F. Sherman

    Geoderma   140 ( 1-2 )   176 - 187   2007年6月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in ecosystem processes such as nutrient release and utilization, mobilization and transport of metals, and carbon sequestration. We investigated the chemical properties of soils from the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM) which is the site of a long-term paired-watershed experimental acidification study that includes both deciduous and coniferous stands. Multi-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of the spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and size-exclusion chromatography, were used to characterize the DOM extracted from soils sampled from BBWM at four soil depth increments in 2003. Principal component analysis of the base cation, metal, and total C content of the mineral horizons indicated a strong negative relationship between pH and soil Al, Fe, P, and C. The close clustering of Al, Fe, P, and C loadings for the mineral soils suggests that organic matter is important for Al and Fe mobilization and that P solubility is influenced by the metal mobilization process. PARAFAC modeled the fluorescence spectra with three fluorescing components that were in the landscape regions typical of humic substances: (339 nm excitation/470 nm emission), (324 nm/418 nm), and (< 240/465 nm) and the relative distributions of the three components were similar amongst the four treatments and four soil depth increments. The size exclusion chromatograms also revealed a high degree of similarity between all the extracted DOM. Our data suggests that litter quality as influenced by forest composition and ecosystem acidification exert a minor influence on the chemical composition of the water-soluble soil DOM fraction.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.04.004

  • 土壌関連 外来植物が好きな土、在来植物が好きな土

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    圃場と土壌   39 ( 5 )   30 - 38,図裏表紙   2007年5月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 14C ages and δ13C of sclerotium grains found in forest soils Original article 査読

    Makiko Watanabe, Hiroyuki Sato, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki, Takayuki Kobayashi, Nobuo Sakagami, Yuji Maejima, Hiroyuki Ohta, Nobuhide Fujitake, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   53 ( 2 )   125 - 131   2007年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    14C ages and δ13C were examined for sclerotium grains to elucidate the characteristics of these grains distributed in forest soils. The ages of the grains from surface A horizons and buried A horizons were ca 100-200 bp and ca 300-1,200 bp, respectively. In comparison with humic acid extracts, the 14C ages were in the increasing order: humic acid fraction < humic acid Pg fraction < sclerotium grains. The δ13C values for sclerotium grains in surface A horizons and buried A horizons were approximately -31‰ to -28‰, and these values were approximately 2-4‰ smaller than those of humic acids and soils. The C content of the grains had a tendency to decrease with increasing 14C ages, while the C content of humic acid was constant with age. The 14C ages of sclerotium grains indicate the individual age of grain formation, which are more likely to assign closer ages to the beginning of soil forming than the 14C ages of humic acid. The low δ13C values for sclerotium grains have presumably originated from characteristically biological organics, which may be protected from attack in soils because of their structure.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00121.x

  • Aluminum status of synthetic Al-humic substance complexes and their influence on plant root growth Original article 査読

    Tadashi Takahashi, Masami Nanzyo, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   53 ( 2 )   115 - 124   2007年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Aluminum (Al)-humus complexes are abundant in the A horizons of non-allophanic Andosols and contribute to the unique properties of volcanic ash soils, such as high reactivity with phosphate ions and a low bulk density. Natural non-allophanic Andosols commonly show Al toxicity to plant roots. There have been very few studies examining the contribution of Al-humus complexes to the Al toxicity of plant roots, although the complexes are the probable source of the toxic Al. We extracted humic substances from the A horizon of a non-allophanic Andosol using NaOH solution and reacted the humic substances and partially neutralized the AlCl3 solution at three pH conditions (pH 4.0, 4.5 and 5.5) to prepare pure Al-humic substance complexes. The Al solubility study (equilibrium study in 10-2 mol L-1 CaCl2) and the Al release study (a stirred-flow method using 10 -3 mol L-1 acetate buffer solution adjusted to pH 3.5) indicated that all the synthetic complexes easily and rapidly release monomeric Al into the liquid phase with slight changes in pH and ion strength, although the Al contents and their extent of polymerization are considerably different among the complexes. A plant growth test was conducted using a medium containing the Al-humic substance complexes and perlite mixture. Root growth in burdock (Arctium lappa) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was reduced equally by all three complex media, and the roots showed the typical injury symptoms of Al toxicity. These results indicate that in soils dominated by Al-humus complexes the Al released from the Al-humus complexes, as well as the exchangeable Al adsorbed by soil minerals, is definitely toxic to plant roots.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00114.x

  • Biodegradation of methylthio-s-triazines by Rhodococcus sp. strain FJ1117YT, and production of the corresponding methylsulfinyl, methylsulfonyl and hydroxy analogues 査読

    Kunihiko Fujii, Kazuhiro Takagi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Akio Iwasaki, Naoki Harada

    Pest Management Science   63 ( 3 )   254 - 260   2007年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A novel bacterial strain FJ1117YT was isolated from an enrichment culture with the herbicide simetryn. The isolate was capable of degrading the herbicide supplied as the sole sulfur source in an aquatic batch culture. The strain FJ1117YT was identified as that belonging to Rhodococcus sp. on the basis of comparative morphology, physiological characteristics and comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The biodegradation pathway of simetryn was established by isolating the methylsulfinyl analogue as the first metabolite and by identification of the methylsulfonyl intermediate and the hydroxy analogue by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and/or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The results indicate that the methylthio group was progressively oxidised and hydrolysed by the strain FJ1117YT. The same strain is also able to metabolise other methylthio-s-triazines such as ametryn, desmetryn, dimethametryn and prometryn through similar pathways.

    DOI: 10.1002/ps.1331

  • 小笠原父島に生育する樹木葉のアレロパシー活性の検定 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 清水善和

    農業環境研究成果情報   23   14 - 15   2007年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    小笠原父島に生育する樹木葉のアレロパシー活性の検定

  • ソバ粗抽出液に含まれる主要な植物生長阻害成分はルチン 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 古林章弘, Zahida Iqbal, Habib Nasir, Anna Golisz

    農業環境研究成果情報   23   28 - 29   2007年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ソバ粗抽出液に含まれる主要な植物生長阻害成分はルチン

  • コンフリーのアレロパシーと植物生育阻害物質の同定 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 古林章弘, Zahida Iqbal, Habib Nasir

    農業環境研究成果情報   23   12 - 13   2007年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    コンフリーのアレロパシーと植物生育阻害物質の同定

  • 土壌腐植物質の化学構造とその機能[含 質疑] (第48回土壌物理学会シンポジウム「土壌有機物の分解・集積と物理性」シンポジウム紹介)

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    土壌の物理性   ( 105 )   23 - 30   2007年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Soil humic substances: their chemical structures and functions

  • アメリカフウロに含まれる抗菌物質の土壌中での青枯病菌抑制効果

    大城 篤, 河野 伸二, 照屋 亮, 澤岻 哲也, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 夏目 雅裕, 安部 浩

    講演要旨集   32   116   2007年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The antimicrobial effect of the antimicrobial substances contained in Geranium carolinianum L. in soil

  • アスパラガスのアレロパシー活性の品種間差異

    駒井 史訓, 口石 なつき, 渡部 泰希, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学研究. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表要旨   6 ( 1 )   401   2007年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Varietal differences in allelopathic effects of asparagus seedlings

  • Role of catechol structure in the adsorption and transformation reactions of L-DOPA in soils 査読

    Akihiro Furubayashi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Chemical Ecology   33 ( 2 )   239 - 250   2007年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    3-(3′,4′-Dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA), which is synthesized in velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), inhibits plant growth. The concentration of L-DOPA in soil is reduced by adsorption and transformation reactions, which can result in the reduction of its plant-growth-inhibitory activity. To determine which part of the L-DOPA structure is involved in the adsorption and soil transformation reactions, we compared the kinetics of L-DOPA disappearance in a volcanic ash soil with that of L-phenylalanine (3-phenyl-L-alanine) and L-tyrosine (3-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine), compounds that are similar in structure to L-DOPA but do not have a catechol (o-dihydroxybenzene) moiety. L-Phenylalanine and L-tyrosine were not adsorbed and transformed in the soil at equilibrium pH values between 4 and 7. These results suggest that the adsorption and transformation reactions of L-DOPA in the soil involve the catechol moiety and not the amino and carboxylic acid groups, which are common to all three compounds. Like L-DOPA, (+)-catechin, another allelochemical that contains a catechol moiety, underwent adsorption and soil transformation reactions. Thus, we concluded that the concentrations of allelochemicals bearing a catechol moiety in soils will decrease rapidly owing to adsorption and transformation reactions, and this decrease will be faster in soils with a high pH value or high adsorption ability. Owing to this decrease in concentration, allelopathic phenomena may not occur.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10886-006-9218-5

  • 土壌中における腐植物質の蓄積機構 (物質循環の基盤としての土壌--炭素循環における役割)

    山口 紀子, Syuntaro Hiradate

    土・水研究会資料   24   39 - 46   2007年2月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 一般講演の概要と会議が伝えたメッセージ

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   78 ( 1 )   114 - 115   2007年2月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Overview of General Presentations and Messages Mediated by the Congress

  • P5.イモゴライトの合成過程におけるケイ素とアルミニウムの化学状態変化 液体および固体NMRスペクトルによる解析(ポスターセッション,第50回粘土科学討論会発表論文抄録)

    鈴木 正哉, Syuntaro Hiradate

    粘土科学   46 ( 1 )   83   2007年2月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by an andosol 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Akihiro Furubayashi, Natsuyo Uchida, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Environmental Quality   36 ( 1 )   101 - 109   2007年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To identify the important soil components involved in 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) adsorption on Andosols, 2,4-D adsorption on a surface horizon of an Andosol was compared with that on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated (soil organic matter [SOM] was removed), acid-oxalate (OX)-treated (active metal hydroxides and SOM were removed), and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB)-treated (free and active metal [hydr]oxides and SOM were removed) soil samples at equilibrium pHs ranging from 4 to 8. Although the untreated soil contained a large amount of organic C (71.9 g kg-1), removal of SOM had little effect on 2,4-D adsorption. Active surface hydroxyls, which were attached to the active and free metal (hydr)oxides and metal SOM complexes, were identified as the most important soil functional group for 2,4-D adsorption. The dominant mechanism of the 2,4-D adsorption was a ligand exchange reaction in which the carboxylic group of 2,4-D displaced the active surface hydroxyl associated with metals and formed a strong coordination bond between the 2,4-D molecule and soil solid phase. The ligand exchange reaction reasonably accounted for the selective adsorption of 2,4-D over Cl -, competitive adsorption of phosphate over 2,4-D, reduction in plant-growth-inhibitory activity of soil-adsorbed 2,4-D, and the high 2,4-D adsorption ability of Andosols. Although a humic acid purified from the soil did not adsorb 2,4-D, the presence of the humic acid increased 2,4-D adsorption on Al and Fe, probably by inhibiting the hydrolysis and polymerization of Al and Fe resulting in the preservation of available adsorption sites on these metals. The adsorption behavior of 2,4-D on soils could be a good index for predicting the adsorption behavior of other organic acids in soils.

    DOI: 10.2134/jeq2005.0415

  • Characterization of allophanic Andisols by solid-state 13C, 27Al, and 29Si NMR and by C stable isotopic ratio, δ13C 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Hideaki Hirai, Hitoshi Hashimoto

    Geoderma   136 ( 3-4 )   696 - 707   2006年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Three representative allophanic Andisols in Japan were evaluated by solid-state 13C, 27Al, and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and stable isotopic ratio of carbon (δ13C). The solid-state cross polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) 13C NMR spectra were effective in characterizing crude soil C without any chemical treatment when soil C content was > 100 g C kg- 1. Aliphatic, O-alkyl, and carbonyl C were relatively abundant in the uppermost horizons, whereas aromatic C was concentrated in the subsurface horizons, showing its persistence and tolerance to degradation in subsurface horizons. Contribution ratios of C4-plant-derived C (mainly from Miscanthus sinensis) on the total CRC4 which were evaluated from δ13C value, were 35% to 42%, 59% to 62%, and 50% to 53% in subsurface horizons, and 12%, 23%, and 48% in uppermost horizons, for the three soils. The decline in CRC4 values in the uppermost horizons could be an effect of recent vegetation. Solid-state 27Al and 29Si NMR revealed that most part of the tetrahedral Al in volcanic glass had already weathered into octahedral Al and a large amount of allophanic constituents (allophane, imogolite, allophane-like constituents including protoimogolite) was formed in B horizon within the past 25,000 14C y. Allophanic constituents determined by 29Si NMR were compared with those dissolved by acid-oxalate, and differences between them were discussed.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.05.007

  • 沖積土壌におけるアスパラガスの連作障害に対するアレロパシーの関与(栽培管理・作型) 査読

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, 北澤 裕明, Syuntaro Hiradate, 篠原 温

    園芸学研究   5 ( 4 )   431 - 436   2006年12月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Replanting of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) often results in lower yields and extensive damage of young plants. One of the causes is considered allelopathy. In this study, we examined the participation of allelopathy on injury by continuous cropping of asparagus in alluvial soil. The presence of strong allelochemical substances, which have the growth-inhibitory activity, was detected by bioassay of rhizosphere soil around asparagus. This growth-inhibitory activity was not attributed to salt accumulation, pH fluctuation, or inorganic nutrient imbalance in the rhizosphere soil. Asparagus foliage incorporated into the soil did not demonstrate a close relation to the growth inhibition or decreased yield of asparagus. However, strong growth-inhibitory activity was demonstrated in the storage roots of asparagus. It is assumed that an allelochemical is exuded from the storage roots and is one of the causes of unsuccessful continuous cropping of asparagus.

  • 新規に開発した手法を利用したアスパラガス根圏土壌のアレロパシー活性測定法(栽培管理・作型) 査読

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 篠原 温

    園芸学研究   5 ( 4 )   443 - 446   2006年12月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    We developed a new method of examining the effects of allelochemical substances exuded from the roots of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) to rhizosphere soil. This rhizosphere soil bioassay method provided results similar to those from the conventional bioassay method in which asparagus germinates in the soil. The new method was more effective than the conventional bioassay method because the soil samples could be tested using a smaller volume. This method could also evaluate flowable activated carbon as one of the materials to absorb allelochemical substances at a laboratory level. An appropriate orientation of cultivation is expected to become possible using the rhizosphere soil assay method developed in this study to examine obstructions to continuous cropping that may be related to allelopathy.

  • アスパラガス連作障害におけるアレロパシー回避のための活性炭の利用(栽培管理・作型) 査読

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, 北澤 裕明, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 篠原 温

    園芸学研究   5 ( 4 )   437 - 442   2006年12月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The growth-inhibitory activities of allelopathy in asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) was studied using the 'Plant Box Method' of bioassay. By this methods we confirmed that asparagus produced allelochemical substances. Then we developed a modified plant box method to examine the relationship between the growth-inhibitory activity and the adsorption of materials to allelochemical substances from asparagus. As a result, a type of activated carbon has the ability to absorb the allelochemical substances and prevent the growth inhibition of lettuce, an assay plant. Furthermore, in a field replanted with asparagus, treatment with activated carbon increased the fresh weights of rhizomes and storage roots, as well as the number of storage roots, the growth amount, and the growth index (GI'), when compared to those of asparagus grown on non-treated plots.

  • Pant growth inhibitory activity of Lycoris radiata Herb. and the possible involvement of lycorine as an allelochemical 査読

    Zahida Iqbal, Habib Nasir, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Weed Biology and Management   6 ( 4 )   221 - 227   2006年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Pant growth inhibitory activity of Lycoris radiata Herb. and the possible involvement of lycorine as an allelochemical

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-6664.2006.00217.x

  • Quantification of cyanamide contents in herbaceous plants 査読

    Tsunashi Kamo, Masae Sato, Kenji Kato, Syuntaro Hiradate, Eri Nakajima, Yoshiharu Fujii, Mitsuru Hirota

    Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry   70 ( 9 )   2310 - 2312   2006年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Cyanamide (NH2CN) is found in nature, although it has long been recognized as an industrial product. Distribution of cyanamide in the plant kingdom was investigated using a direct quantitative determination method to detect and measure cyanamide by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (the SID-GC-MS method). The SID-GC-MS method proved to be a robust way to quantify cyanamide contents in the extracts of 101 species of herbaceous plants. The average recovery of cyanamide from all plants tested was 55:6 ± 20:3%. Vicia villosa and V. cracca contained cyanamide at 369-498 μg/gFW and 3,460-3,579 μg/gFW respectively, while the other 99 species contained no detectable cyanamide (< 1 μg/gFW). This result suggests that distribution of cyanamide in the plant kingdom is limited and uneven.

    DOI: 10.1271/bbb.60171

  • 高等植物におけるシアナミドの分布

    佐藤 雅恵, 加茂 網嗣, 笠原 良平, 加藤 健司, 廣田 満, Syuntaro Hiradate, 山谷 紘子, 藤井 義晴, 平井 伸博

    植物の生長調節 = Regulation of plant growth & development   41   64   2006年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 10-1 野外で栽培した秋まきヘアリーベッチ中シアナミド含量の経時的変化(10. 植物の代謝, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    山谷 紘子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 加茂 綱嗣, 中島 江理, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 52 )   84   2006年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • アスパラガスのアレロパシーに関する研究 : (第10報)アスパラガス連作障害における活性炭を利用したアレロパシー回避技術の確立

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 篠原 温

    園芸学会雑誌. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表   75 ( 2 )   259   2006年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Studies on allelopathy of asparagus

  • アスパラガスの地下部におけるアレロパシー活性の雌雄間差異

    駒井 史訓, 口石 なつき, 中島 寿亀, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学会雑誌. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表   75 ( 2 )   548   2006年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Sexual differences in allelopathic effects of female and male asparagus roots

  • P5 イモゴライトの合成過程におけるケイ素とアルミニウムの化学状態変化 液体および固体NMRスペクトルによる解析

    鈴木 正哉, Syuntaro Hiradate

    粘土科学討論会講演要旨集   ( 50 )   154 - 155   2006年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P11-9 北関東における草地植生の植物群落タイプと土壌化学特性の関係(11. 植物の栄養生態, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 楠本 良延, 森田 沙綾香, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 52 )   99   2006年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P11-3 タンポポ属植物が生育する土壌の化学特性 シナノタンポポと雑種タンポポの分化(11. 植物の栄養生態, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate, 楠本 良延, 保谷 彰彦, 芝池 博幸, 山本 勝利, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 52 )   97   2006年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P10-3 ヘアリーベッチを利用した不耕起稲作法における雑草抑制効果(10. 植物の代謝, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    藤井 義晴, 古林 章弘, 堀元 栄枝, 荒木 肇, 嶺田 拓也, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 52 )   88   2006年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 17-2 長野県下伊那地方のリン酸蓄積圃場での土壌リン酸の形態比較(17. 園地・施設土壌肥よく度, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    齋藤 龍司, 森田 沙綾香, 古林 章弘, 塩原 孝, 吉田 清志, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 52 )   134   2006年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Evidence of cyanamide production in hairy vetch Vicia villosa 査読

    Tsunashi Kamo, Kenji Kato, Syuntaro Hiradate, Eri Nakajima, Yoshiharu Fujii, Mitsuru Hirota

    Natural Product Research   20 ( 5 )   429 - 433   2006年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Cyanamide (NH2CN) has recently been isolated as a plant growth inhibitor from Vicia villosa, which is the first discovery of cyanamide from natural sources. To reveal the presence of the biosynthesized cyanamide in plants, 3.4mM potassium (15N)nitrate was administered to 15- to 35-day-old plants of V. villosa, from which the cyanamide was purified and subjected to GC/MS analysis. The isotopic ratio 15N/(14 N+15N) of the cyanamide was calculated to be 0.143, while that of the cyanamide extracted from V. villosa grown in the presence of a natural N source was 0.0065. The 15N-enrichment proved de novo biosynthesis of cyanamide.

    DOI: 10.1080/14786410500143583

  • Production of quorum-sensing-related signal molecules by epiphytic bacteria inhabiting wheat heads 査読

    Shigenobu Yoshida, Linda L. Kinkel, Hirosuke Shinohara, Nobutaka Numajiri, Syuntaro Hiradate, Motoo Koitabashi, Kazuo Suyama, Hiromitsu Negishi, Seiya Tsushima

    Canadian Journal of Microbiology   52 ( 5 )   411 - 418   2006年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The production of quorum-sensing-related signal molecules (QSRMs) among culturable bacteria comprising the community on wheat heads was investigated. The taxonomic position of 186 bacterial isolates obtained from ten heads was inferred based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, and their QSRM production was determined using two bioreporter strains of N-acylhomoserine lactones. Approximately 33% of isolates produced QSRMs, though the proportion of QSRM-producing isolates on a wheat head was significantly negatively correlated with population size. Most of the producing isolates were Pantoea species, most commonly Pantoea ananatis. Furthermore, the proportion of Pantoea ananatis that produced QSRMs was significantly negatively correlated with the number of bacterial genera (community richness) on each head. Finally, community richness was positively correlated with population size. Qualitative analysis using thin-layer-chromatography revealed that the QSRMs of Pantoea isolates were composed of at least two compounds. This is the first report indicating that Pantoea ananatis isolates inhabiting wheat heads are capable of producing QSRMs. QSRM production by Pantoea spp. may contribute to the predominance of this genus on wheat heads, particularly at relatively low population densities and community diversity.

    DOI: 10.1139/W05-146

  • Isolation and purification of hydrophilic fulvic acids by precipitation 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Takuya Yonezawa, Hiroshi Takesako

    Geoderma   132 ( 1-2 )   196 - 205   2006年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Fulvic acids play an important role in the behavior of metals and hydrophobic organic chemicals in soil and water environments. The isolation and purification of the fulvic acids have been difficult to achieve, however, because these compounds are soluble in both alkaline and acidic solution, resulting in difficulty of dehydration and demineralization. We propose here a new procedure for isolating fulvic acids as precipitates. Our procedure includes pH-adjustment of the fulvic acid solution to weakly acidic to neutral pH range (4 to 7). In an Andisol, recoveries of the fulvic acids we prepared by precipitation at equilibrium pH of 5.0 were 86% (dissolved total organic carbon basis) and 97% (absorbance basis, 400 nm), whereas recoveries of fulvic acids adsorbed on XAD-8 resin (hydrophobic fulvic acids) were 14% and 28%, respectively. Recoveries of the fulvic acids were further increased in our procedure by adding Al. The mechanism forming the precipitates includes a complexation reaction of carboxylic groups of the fulvic acids with Al (ligand exchange reaction); this mechanism is identical to that for the retention of fulvic acids in many soils. Therefore, it is likely that our preparation procedure is appropriate for separating the fulvic acids stabilized in soils. Solid-state cross polarization and magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra showed that the fulvic acids prepared by our precipitation procedure were relatively rich in O-alkyl carbons and poor in aromatic and alkyl carbons compared with those forms from the hydrophobic fulvic acids adsorbed on XAD-8 resin. A new scheme for preparing the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fulvic acids is also proposed here. The hydrophilic fulvic acids are likely to maintain high solubilities in water even after the formation of complexes with metals and may influence on their behavior.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.05.007

  • Potential Allelochemicals from comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.)

    Zahida Iqbal, Habib Nasir, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Weed Science and Technology   51 ( S )   18 - 19   2006年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Potential Allelochemicals from comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.)

  • ユキヤナギに含まれる植物生育阻害物質の単離および構造決定

    森田沙綾香, 平舘俊太郎, 杉江 元, 原田二郎, 藤井義晴

    雑草研究   51 ( S )   192 - 193   2006年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ユキヤナギに含まれる植物生育阻害物質の単離および構造決定

  • cis-ケイヒ酸グルコシドおよびcis-ケイヒ酸による植物生育阻害活性

    古林章弘, 森田沙綾香, 平舘俊太郎, 原田二郎, 藤井義晴

    雑草研究   51 ( S )   194 - 195   2006年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    cis-ケイヒ酸グルコシドおよびcis-ケイヒ酸による植物生育阻害活性

  • Total activity of selected allelochemicals identified in buckwheat.

    Anna Golisz, Stanislaw W. Gawronski, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Weed Science and Technology   51 ( S )   188 - 189   2006年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Total activity of selected allelochemicals identified in buckwheat.

  • 畜産草地研究所(那須塩原市)におけるタンポポ属植物の生育地特性と遺伝的構造(平成18年度日本造園学会全国大会研究発表論文集(24)) 査読

    井手 任, 植竹 朋子, 芝池 博幸, 楠本 良延, Syuntaro Hiradate, 矢野 初美, 保谷 彰彦, 吉村 泰幸, 清水 矩宏

    ランドスケープ研究 : 日本造園学会誌 : journal of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture   69 ( 5 )   545 - 548   2006年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Most of the plants morphologically identified as the introduced dandelions are known to be the hybrids between the native diploid and the introduced triploid dandelions. From the viewpoint of environmental indicator species, we clarified the environmental characteristics of the habitats of native and hybrid dandelions ("tetraploid hybrids" and "triploid hybrids"), analyzing the relationships between the distribution pattern of these dandelions and the habitat factors such as vegetation types, soil pH (H_2O), soil hardness and illumination intensity in the campus of the National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science. It was found that the native dandelions mainly occurred at slightly disturbed habitats with weakly acidic soil covered by forest edge species. In contrast, the hybrid dandelions, typically tetraploid hybrids, tended to occur at intensively disturbed habitats with relatively hard soil of neutral pH (H_2O). We also performed clone analysis to reveal the genetic structures of dandelion populations, and analyzed the distribution patterns of each of the genetically identical clones. Based on the results obtained, we evaluated the validity of environmental indicator for ruderal and urban environments by the pair of native dandelions and tetraploid hybrids.

    DOI: 10.5632/jila.69.545

  • 高感度・高精度・迅速なシアナミド定量法 査読

    平舘俊太郎, 藤井義晴, 加茂綱嗣, 荒谷博

    農業環境研究成果情報   22   28 - 29   2006年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    高感度・高精度・迅速なシアナミド定量法

  • 土壌中におけるL-DOPAの植物生育阻害活性の消長 査読

    平舘俊太郎, 藤井義晴, 荒谷博

    農業環境研究成果情報   22   22 - 23   2006年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    土壌中におけるL-DOPAの植物生育阻害活性の消長

  • アオコの増殖抑制植物を検定する「リーフディスク法」の開発 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 津田久美子, 高村典子

    農業環境研究成果情報   22   30 - 31   2006年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    アオコの増殖抑制植物を検定する「リーフディスク法」の開発

  • Isolation strategies for finding bioactive compounds Specific activity vs. total activity

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    Natural Products for Pest Management   927   113 - 126   2006年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(その他学術会議資料等)  

    There are two major strategies for isolation of bioactive natural products. One is to find compounds with high specific activity (biological activity per unit weight of the compound). This leads to the discovery of the most active compounds present in an organism with low EC50 (effective concentration of the compound to induce half-maximum action). In the other strategy, compounds with high total activity (biological activity per unit weight of the organism containing the bioactive compound), causing a particular phenomenon, are isolated. In this strategy, EC50 of the compound is not necessarily low. The total activity is determined by the specific activity and concentration (or content) of the compound in the organism, and this could explain the role and influence of the compound in the phenomenon. Differences between the two strategies and the importance of the choice for the right one to apply are emphasized, and applicatory examples complementary to each strategy are presented. The author proposes to use the terminology and concept of "total activity" and "specific activity" to avoid confusion in scientific discussions.

  • 沖積土壌におけるアスパラガスの連作障害に対するアレロパシーの関与 査読

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, 北澤 裕明, Syuntaro Hiradate, 篠原 温

    園芸学研究   5 ( 4 )   431 - 436   2006年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Replanting of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) often results in lower yields and extensive damage of young plants. One of the causes is considered allelopathy. In this study, we examined the participation of allelopathy on injury by continuous cropping of asparagus in alluvial soil. The presence of strong allelochemical substances, which have the growth-inhibitory activity, was detected by bioassay of rhizosphere soil around asparagus. This growth-inhibitory activity was not attributed to salt accumulation, pH fluctuation, or inorganic nutrient imbalance in the rhizosphere soil. Asparagus foliage incorporated into the soil did not demonstrate a close relation to the growth inhibition or decreased yield of asparagus. However, strong growth-inhibitory activity was demonstrated in the storage roots of asparagus. It is assumed that an allelochemical is exuded from the storage roots and is one of the causes of unsuccessful continuous cropping of asparagus.

    DOI: 10.2503/hrj.5.431

  • 新規に開発した手法を利用したアスパラガス根圏土壌のアレロパシー活性測定法 査読

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 篠原 温

    園芸学研究   5 ( 4 )   443 - 446   2006年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    We developed a new method of examining the effects of allelochemical substances exuded from the roots of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) to rhizosphere soil. This rhizosphere soil bioassay method provided results similar to those from the conventional bioassay method in which asparagus germinates in the soil. The new method was more effective than the conventional bioassay method because the soil samples could be tested using a smaller volume. This method could also evaluate flowable activated carbon as one of the materials to absorb allelochemical substances at a laboratory level. An appropriate orientation of cultivation is expected to become possible using the rhizosphere soil assay method developed in this study to examine obstructions to continuous cropping that may be related to allelopathy.

    DOI: 10.2503/hrj.5.443

  • アスパラガス連作障害におけるアレロパシー回避のための活性炭の利用 査読

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, 北澤 裕明, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 篠原 温

    園芸学研究   5 ( 4 )   437 - 442   2006年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The growth-inhibitory activities of allelopathy in asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) was studied using the 'Plant Box Method' of bioassay. By this methods we confirmed that asparagus produced allelochemical substances. Then we developed a modified plant box method to examine the relationship between the growth-inhibitory activity and the adsorption of materials to allelochemical substances from asparagus. As a result, a type of activated carbon has the ability to absorb the allelochemical substances and prevent the growth inhibition of lettuce, an assay plant. Furthermore, in a field replanted with asparagus, treatment with activated carbon increased the fresh weights of rhizomes and storage roots, as well as the number of storage roots, the growth amount, and the growth index (GI'), when compared to those of asparagus grown on non-treated plots.

    DOI: 10.2503/hrj.5.437

  • Changes in chemical structure and biological activity of L-DOPA as influenced by an Andosol and its components 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Akihiro Furubayashi, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   51 ( 4 )   477 - 484   2005年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens) has been reported to release 3-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA) as an allelochemical that inhibits the growth of other plants, although the inhibitory activity depends on the soil type and it is extremely reduced in Andosols. To clarify the effects of Andosols and their components on the chemical structure and plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA, an L-DOPA solution was reacted with an Andosol and its components (weathered pumice and purified allophane), and the resultant solution was subjected to 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet-visible spectral analyses, and plant-growth-inhibitory activity tests. When the L-DOPA solution was added to the soil components, the concentration of L-DOPA in the solution decreased by adsorption and transformation (polymerization) reactions. The adsorption mechanism included a ligand exchange reaction. The rate of L-DOPA transformation was faster at higher pH values. The soil components displayed a catalytic activity and accelerated the transformation of L-DOPA. Similar transformation occurred when light was irradiated. At pH values higher than 4.0, the transformed products from L-DOPA consisted of humic substances-like heterogeneous components, whereas specific components with low molecular weight were included when L-DOPA was transformed at a pH value of 9.7 or higher. The plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA was extremely weakened when L-DOPA was adsorbed on or transformed (polymerized) by soil components. Therefore, in soils with high abilities of adsorption and transformation of L-DOPA such as in Andosols, it was likely that the L-DOPA concentration in the soil solution decreased quickly by adsorption and transformation reactions and the allelopathic activity of L-DOPA was lost.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00055.x

  • Structural changes of allophane during purification procedures as determined by solid-state 27A1 and 29Si NMR 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    Clays and Clay Minerals   53 ( 6 )   653 - 658   2005年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allophanes are poorly crystalline and quasi-stable aluminosilicate minerals, the structures of which are sensitive to chemical treatment. In the present study, solid-state 27Al and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of allophane samples were monitored as they went through several purification procedures. It was confirmed that no significant structural changes were caused by boiling with 6&#37; H2O2 to remove organic matter, by size fractionation (sonification), by sedimentation, by precipitation at pH 4.0, or by dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate treatment for the removal of Fe (hydr)oxides. Hot 5&#37; Na2CO3 treatment for the removal of reactive silica-alumina gels and adsorbed citrate from allophane samples, however, decreased signal intensity corresponding to imogolite-like Si (Q33VIAl, -78 ppm in 29Si NMR) and increased signal intensities corresponding to IVAl (55 ppm in 27Al NMR) and possibly X-ray amorphous aluminosilicates (centered at -85 ppm in 29Si NMR). Cold (room temperature) 5&#37; Na2CO3 treatment for 16 h proved to be effective in avoiding these structural changes. Copyright © 2005, The Clay Minerals Society.

    DOI: 10.1346/CCMN.2005.0530611

  • Direct quantitative determination of cyanamide by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Tsunashi Kamo, Eri Nakajima, Kenji Kato, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Chromatography A   1098 ( 1-2 )   138 - 143   2005年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Cyanamide is a multifunctional agrochemical used, for example, as a pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer. Recent research has revealed that cyanamide is a natural product biosynthesized in a leguminous plant, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa). In the present study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) equipped with a capillary column for amines was used for direct quantitative determination of cyanamide. Quantitative signals for ( 14N2)cyanamide, (15N2)cyanamide (internal standard for stable isotope dilution method), and m-(trifluoromethyl) benzonitrile (internal standard for correcting errors in GC-MS analysis) were recorded as peak areas on mass chromatograms at m/z 42 (A42), 44 (A44), and 171 (AIS), respectively. Total cyanamide content, (14N2)cyanamide plus (15N 2)cyanamide, was determined as a function of (A42 + A 44)/AIS. Contents of (14N2)cyanamide and (15N2)cyanamide were then calculated by multiplying the total cyanamide content by A42/(A42 + A44) and A44/(A42 + A44), respectively. The limit of detection for the total cyanamide content by the GC-MS analysis was around 1 ng. The molar ratio of (14N2)cyanamide to ( 15N2)cyanamide in the injected sample was equal to the observed A42/A44 value in the range from 0.1 to 5. It was, therefore, possible to use the stable isotope dilution method to quantify the natural cyanamide content in samples; i.e., the natural cyanamide content was derived by subtracting the A42/A44 ratio of the internal standard from the A42/A44 ratio of sample spiked with internal standard, and then multiplying the resulting difference by the amount of added (15N2)cyanamide (SID-GC-MS method). This method successfully gave a reasonable value for the natural cyanamide content in hairy vetch, concurring with the value obtained by a conventional method in which cyanamide was derivatized to a photometrically active compound 4-cyanimido-1,2-naphthoquinone and analyzed with reversed-phase HPLC (CNQ-HPLC method). The determination range of cyanamide in the SID-GC-MS method was almost the same as that in the CNQ-HPLC method; however, the SID-GC-MS method was much simpler than the CNQ-HPLC method.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.08.035

  • Adsorption and transformation reactions of L-DOPA in soils 査読

    Akihiro Furubayashi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   51 ( 6 )   819 - 825   2005年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    3-(3′,4′-Dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA), which is a component of velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens), displays a high inhibitory activity to plant growth. The inhibitory activity is influenced by the presence of soils, because L-DOPA is eliminated in soils. In the present study, the effect of several soil types (volcanic ash, calcareous, and alluvial soils) on the L-DOPA disappearance was investigated at constant equilibrium pH values. In the presence of soils, L-DOPA disappeared with the reaction time, and the disappearance was associated with three reactions: adsorption reaction (characterized by fast and sudden disappearance of L-DOPA within the initial 8 h period), catalytic transformation reaction (constant L-DOPA disappearance throughout the reaction period), and biotransformation caused by microbial activity (accelerated L-DOPA disappearance observed after 72 h of reaction time). The adsorption and transformation reactions consisted of physicochemical reactions mediated by the presence of soils. The amount of L-DOPA adsorbed was largest in the presence of volcanic ash soil among the three soil types. It is likely that the mechanism of L-DOPA adsorption includes a ligand exchange reaction. In the presence of soils, L-DOPA transformation was observed at equilibrium pH values higher than 4 and it increased with increasing equilibrium pH values. In the absence of soil, however, L-DOPA transformation did not occur at an equilibrium pH value lower than 6.0, indicating that L-DOPA transformation was accelerated by the presence of soil. The rate of L-DOPA transformation mediated by soils at constant equilibrium pH value was in the following order: alluvial soil > calcareous soil > volcanic ash soil. The plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA was also reduced by the presence of soils, and the reduction in the case of L-DOPA was more obvious than in the case of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Based on the reduction effect of soils on the plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA (without pH-adjustment), calcareous soil ranked first, followed by volcanic ash soil, then alluvial soil. This was because the calcareous soil showed the highest soil pH value (7.8), and thereby the L-DOPA transformation reaction was accelerated. In soils with high pH values, the plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA could therefore not be detected.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00116.x

  • PA-09 健全コムギ穂に生息する細菌の群集構造およびクオラムセンシング関連シグナル分子の生産性(農耕地生態系,ポスターセッションA,ポスター発表)

    吉田 重信, Linda L. Kinkel, 篠原 弘亮, 沼尻 将宜, Syuntaro Hiradate, 小板橋 基夫, 田村 季実子, 陶山 一雄, 根岸 寛光, 對馬 誠也

    日本微生物生態学会講演要旨集   ( 21 )   55   2005年10月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    PA-09 Community structure of bacteria inhabiting wheat heads and their production of quorum sensing-related signal molecules(AGRICULTURAL SOIL ECOSYSTEM,Session A,(1) Poster presentations)

  • Allelopathic potential of Robinia pseudo-acacia L. 査読

    Habib Nasir, Zahida Iqbal, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Chemical Ecology   31 ( 9 )   2179 - 2192   2005年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Robinia pseudo-acacia L. (black locust) is a nonindigenous species currently invading the central part of Japanese grasslands. Several allelochemicals were identified and characterized from the leaf tissue. The growth of both radicle and hypocotyl in the tested species (barnyard grass, white clover, lettuce, and Chinese cabbage) was reduced when grown in soil mixed with the leaves of R. pseudo-acacia at various concentrations. Aqueous leaf extracts, when bioassayed, exhibited a significant suppression of radicle growth. Chromatographic separation of an ethanolic extract of R. pseudo-acacia leaves resulted in isolation of three compounds, identified as robinetin (1), myricetin (2), and quercetin (3) by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. All inhibited root and shoot growth of lettuce. Robinetin, found in a large amount, caused 50% suppression of the root and shoot growth of lettuce at 100 ppm. The presence of these bioactive substances in leaf tissue suggests a potential role for flavonoids in R. pseudo-acacia invasion in introduced habitats.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10886-005-6084-5

  • Screening of allelopathic activity from rice cultivars by bioassay and field test. 査読

    Yoshiharu Fujii, Hiroshi Araya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Kaoru Ebana

    Proceedings of the World Rice Research Conference held in Tokyo and Tsukuba   484 - 487   2005年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Screening of allelopathic activity from rice cultivars by bioassay and field test.

  • Rhizosphere soil method: a new bioassay to evaluate allelopathy in the field 査読

    Yoshiharu Fujii, Akihiro Furubayashi, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Allelopathy   4   490 - 492   2005年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Rhizosphere soil method: a new bioassay to evaluate allelopathy in the field

  • Dish pack method: a new bioassay for volatile allelopathy. 査読

    Yoshiharu Fujii, Minoru Matsuyama, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hideki Shimozawa

    Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Allelopathy   4   493 - 497   2005年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Dish pack method: a new bioassay for volatile allelopathy.

  • A critical survey of allelochemicals in action: the importance of total activity and the weed suppression equation, 査読

    Yoshiharu Fujii, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Allelopathy   4   73 - 76   2005年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A critical survey of allelochemicals in action: the importance of total activity and the weed suppression equation,

  • P2-2 非アロフェン質黒ボク土由来の人工Al-腐植複合体の性質と植物根生育への影響(ポスター紹介,2.土壌有機・無機化学,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    高橋 正, 南條 正巳, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   25   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P10-7 外来植物を含む1200種の植物の他感作用のサンドイッチ法による検索(ポスター紹介,10.植物の代謝,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    藤井 義晴, 服部 眞幸, 中島 江理, 菅野 真実, 古林 章弘, 荒谷 博, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   92   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P10-6 ユキヤナギに含まれる植物生育阻害物質シス-ケイ皮酸グルコシド(ポスター紹介,10.植物の代謝,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 沙綾香, 原田 二郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   91   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • P10-4 土壌環境中におけるカテキンの化学形態と植物生育阻害活性の変化(ポスター紹介,10.植物の代謝,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    古林 章弘, Syuntaro Hiradate, Habib Nasir, Zahida Iqbal, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   91   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 9-16 Melastoma malabathricumの根が分泌するムシラゲの特性(9.植物の無機栄養,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    渡部 敏裕, 見澤 誠司, Syuntaro Hiradate, 大崎 満

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   63   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 9-12 アルミニウム応答反応におけるサリチル酸の関わり(9.植物の無機栄養,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    山本 洋子, 力石 早苗, 野澤 彰, Devi S. Rama, Syuntaro Hiradate, 松本 英明

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   61   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 9-11 ユーカリの有機酸代謝に及ぼすアルミニウムの影響とその蓄積形態(9.植物の無機栄養,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    柳沢 統, 小川 剛, Syuntaro Hiradate, 森田 明雄

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   61   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 4-6 アロフェン黒ぼく土茶園土壌の酸性状態とコロイド成分の変質(4.土壌物理化学・鉱物,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    伊藤 豊彰, 三田村 綾子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 三枝 正彦

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   31   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 2-5 火山灰土壌における有機構成物の炭素同位体比と腐植物質の可能な給源(2.土壌有機・無機化学,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    進藤 晴夫, 吉田 美穂, 山本 暁生, 本間 洋美, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   19   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 2-3 フルボ酸低分子画分の構造と機能に関する研究(2.土壌有機・無機化学,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    米澤 拓也, Syuntaro Hiradate, 竹迫 紘

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 51 )   18   2005年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Weathering process of volcanic glass to allophane determined by 27Al and 29Si solid-state NMR 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Shin Ichiro Wada

    Clays and Clay Minerals   53 ( 4 )   401 - 408   2005年8月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To clarify the weathering process of volcanic glass to allophane, solid-state 29Si and 27Al magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of four Japanese volcanic glasses and two (Al- and Si-rich) allophanes were assigned. The volcanic glasses showed a broad 29Si NMR signal between -80 and -120 ppm with the peak centered at ∼ -104 ppm, indicating that they were rich in Si-O-Si bridging structure (silica gel-like polymer Si). Aluminum was present in tetrahedral form in the four volcanic glass samples. In both Al- and Si-rich allophanes, octahedral Al (3 ppm by 27 Al NMR) and imogol ite-like Si (Q33VIAl, -78 ppm by 29Si NMR) were the major components. In a Si-rich allophane, NMR signals centered at around -85 ppm for 29 Si and 55 ppm for 27 Al were also observed, although it is possible that those signals were derived from impurities. Impurities could have originated from the soils and/or been unexpectedly synthesized during the purification procedures, e.g. during hot 2% Na2CO3 treatments. Based on the NMR spectra of size-fractionated soil samples, the weathering process of volcanic glass to allophane was proposed as follows: (1) dissolution of Al from volcanic glass accompanied by the transformation of IVAl to VIAl; (2) formation of a gibbsite-like sheet resulting from the hydrolysis of the dissolved A1; (3) dissolution of silica gel-like polymer Si in volcanic glass resulting in the formation of monosilicic acid; and (4) formation of Si(OH)(OVIAl)3 structure (Q33VIAl) as a result of the reaction between the gibbsite-like sheet and the monosilicic acid. These formation reactions of allophane could occur in solution as well as on the surface of volcanic glass.

    DOI: 10.1346/CCMN.2005.0530408

  • クワ暗斑病菌Myrothecium verrucariaの産生する毒性成分のクワ病葉からの検出と病原性に果たす役割について(平成17年度日本植物病理学会大会) 査読

    村上 理都子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 白田 昭

    日本植物病理學會報   71 ( 3 )   166 - 178   2005年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Myrothecium verrucaria infects various plants, but the mechanism of infection is unknown. We studied infection of using M. verrucaria strain MAFF840074, that causes Myrothecium leaf spot of mulberry, to mulberry leaves. Infection by conidia washed with water was low, and an extract of the fungal culture grown on potato sucrose agar caused necroses of the leaves. Infection by conidia was high and the diameter of the resulting lesions was larger if the extract was added to the conidia at the time of inoculation. Roridin A, verrucarins A and J, and an unidentified toxic substance (toxic substance A) were isolated from the extract based on induction of necroses on mulberry leaves using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Roridin A and verrucarin J were more toxic to mulberry leaves than verrucarin A and the toxic substance A. The toxicity of each substance tended to be higher on sensitive mulberry cultivars than on cultivars resistant to the disease. Toxic substances with the same Rf value as roridin A, verrucarin A and the toxic substance A using thin layer chromatography were detected from extracts of mulberry leaves after inoculation with the fungus. With HPLC, the substances in the extract and concentrations of them were determined to be highest (roridin A : 5×10^<-7>M, verrucarin A : 1.6×10^<-7>M and the toxic substance A : 21×10^<-7>M) at 12 days after the inoculation during the 14-d period. However, verrucarian J was not detected from the extract by the methods. Washed conidia of the fungus did not infect mulberry leaves (cv. Shin Ichinose) but infect the leaves when roridin A or verrucarin A at concentration that they caused necroces to the leaves or higher were added at the time of inoculation. Therefore, the results suggested that roridin A, verrucarin A and the toxic substance A might play some roles in the pathogenicity of the fungus.

  • ムクナの根から放出されるL-ドーパに対する植物の抵抗性機構 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 荒谷博, 西原英治

    農業環境研究成果情報   21   42 - 43   2005年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ムクナの根から放出されるL-ドーパに対する植物の抵抗性機構

  • 日本在来の被覆植物リュウノヒゲの他感作用と他感物質としてのサリチル酸の発見 査読

    藤井義晴, Zahida Iqbal, 古林章弘, 荒谷博, 平舘俊太郎

    農業環境研究成果情報   21   40 - 41   2005年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    日本在来の被覆植物リュウノヒゲの他感作用と他感物質としてのサリチル酸の発見

  • 外来植物ニセアカシアのアレロパシー活性と作用物質 査読

    藤井義晴, Zahida Iqbal, Habib Nasir, 荒谷博, 平舘俊太郎

    農業環境研究成果情報   21   44 - 45   2005年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    外来植物ニセアカシアのアレロパシー活性と作用物質

  • ユキヤナギに含まれる高活性植物生育阻害物質の発見 査読

    平舘俊太郎, 荒谷博, 藤井義晴, 杉江元, 森田沙綾香, 原田二郎

    農業環境研究成果情報   21   38 - 39   2005年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ユキヤナギに含まれる高活性植物生育阻害物質の発見

  • cis-Cinnamoyl Glucoside as a major plant growth inhibitor contained in Spiraea prunifolia 査読

    Sayaka Morita, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Jiro Harada

    Plant Growth Regulation   46 ( 2 )   125 - 131   2005年6月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Crude extracts of the leaves of Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. showed high plant-growth-inhibiting activity comparable to that of S. thunbergii extracts. To isolate the causal compound in S. prunifolia, we performed bioassay-directed purification by monitoring the biological activity per unit weight of the organism containing the bioactive compound (total activity). We isolated 1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-β-D-glucopyranose (cis-CG) and identified it as the most important growth-inhibiting constituent in the crude extracts. We did not detect 6-O-(4′-hydroxy-2′-methylenebutyroyl)-1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-β-D- glucopyranose (cis-BCG) in S. prunifolia, though it is a major plant growth inhibitor in S. thunbergii together with cis-CG. We estimated the cis-CG content in S. prunifolia to be 3.84 mmol kg-1 F.W. This amount is comparable to the cis-CG plus cis-BCG content in S. thunbergii (3.59 mmol kg-1 F.W.). This indicates that S. prunifolia and S. thunbergii have equally high potential to inhibit plant growth, and cis-CG acts as the most important plant-growth inhibitor in S. prunifolia extracts.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10725-005-8086-2

  • Sex pheromone and related compounds in the Ishigaki and Okinawa strains of the tussock moth Orgyia postica (Walker) (Lepidoptera Lymantriidae) 査読

    Sadao Wakamura, Norio Arakaki, Masanobu Yamamoto, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hiroe Yasui, Kunio Kinjo, Tetsuya Yasuda, Hiroyuki Yamazawa, Tetsu Ando

    Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry   69 ( 5 )   957 - 965   2005年5月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Two distinct electroantennographycally active (EAG-active) components, A and B, and a weakly active component C were found in a solvent extract from virgin females of the Ishigaki strain of the tussock moth, Orgyia postica (Walker). Components A, B, and C were found in the extract of the females at 4.0, 0.5, and 4.0 ng/female respectively. Components A, B, and C were identified as (6Z,9Z,11S,12S)-11,12-epoxyhenicosa-6,9-diene [(11S,12S)-1: posticlure], (6Z)-henicos-6-en-11-one (2), and (6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-diene (3), respectively. Component B was absent in the extract from the Okinawa strain, in which components A and C were present at 2.0 and 1.5 ng/female respectively. (11S,12S)-1 and the racemic mixture showed attractiveness for both the Okinawa and Ishigaki strains, whereas (11R,12R)-1 did not. The addition of 2 significantly reduced the trap catches with (11S,12S)-1 on the Okinawa strain which lacked 2, while there was no significant inhibitory effect on the Ishigaki strain. The addition of 3 to (11S,12S)-1 did not significantly affect trap catches at Ishigaki or Okinawa. This confirmed that the attractant pheromone of O. postica of the Ishigaki strain is also (11S,12S)-1.

    DOI: 10.1271/bbb.69.957

  • ヘアリーベッチにおけるラベル体硝酸イオンのシアナミドへの取り込み

    加藤 健司, 加茂 綱嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 廣田 満

    植物の生長調節 = Regulation of plant growth & development   39   82   2005年5月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Cyanamide (NH_2CN) has been industrially produced in large quantities for a long time. We have isolated cyanamide as a plant growth inhibitor from hairy vetch Vicia villosa. Although we excluded the possibility that the cyanamide isolated was an unexpectedly contaminating agrochemical, the details of its biosynthesis remain unknown because this compound has never been considered as a natural product. In this report we demonstrate the de novo production of cyanamide in this legume using a ^<15>N-labeled nitrogen source. The extracts of the seedlings of V. villosa grown with and without (^<15>N)nitrate were purified chromatographically to give cyanamide, respectively. On the basis of the GC/MS analyses, the isotopic ratio ^<15>N/(^<14>N+^<15>N) of the ^<15>N-enriched cyanamide was calculated to be 0.143, while that of the non-enriched cyanamide was 0.0065. We also measured the mass spectrum of dicyandiamide [NH_2C(=NH)NHCN], a dimmer of cyanamide, prepared from the purified cyanamide. The isotopic ratio was 0.138, corresponding well to the result of the GC/MS analysis of cyanamide. From these observations, the incorporation of the nitrogen atom of nitrate into cyanamide has been established. We conclude that cyanamide is de novo biosynthesized in V. villosa.

  • Plant growth inhibition by cis-cinnamoyl glucosides and cis-cinnamic acid 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Sayaka Morita, Akihiro Furubayashi, Yoshiharu Fujii, Jiro Harada

    Journal of Chemical Ecology   31 ( 3 )   591 - 601   2005年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. contains 1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-β-D-glucopyranose (CG) and 6-O-(4′-hydroxy-2′-methylene-butyroyl)-1-O-cis-cinnamoyl- β-D-glucopyranose (BCG) as major plant growth inhibiting constituents. In the present study, we determined the inhibitory activity of CG and BCG on root elongation of germinated seedlings of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), red clover (Trifolium pratense), timothy (Phleum pratense), and bok choy (Brassica rapa var chinensis) in comparison with that of two well-known growth inhibitors, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and (+)-2-cis-4-trans-abscisic acid (cis-ABA), as well as two related chemicals of CG and BCG, cis-cinnamic acid (cis-CA) and trans-cinnamic acid (trans-CA). The EC50 values for CG and BCG on lettuce were roughly one-half to one-quarter of the value for cis-ABA. cis-Cinnamic acid, which is a component of CG and BCG, possessed almost the same inhibitory activity of CG and BCG, suggesting that the essential chemical structure responsible for the inhibitory activity of CG and BCG is cis-CA. The cis-stereochemistry of the methylene moiety is apparently needed for high inhibitory activity, as trans-CA had an EC50 value roughly 100 times that of CG, BCG, and cis-CA. Growth inhibition by CG, BCG, and cis-CA was influenced by the nature of the soil in the growing medium: alluvial soil preserved the bioactivity, whereas volcanic ash and calcareous soils inhibited bioactivity. These findings indicate a potential role of cis-CA and its glucosides as allelochemicals for use as plant growth regulators in agricultural fields.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10886-005-2047-0

  • 間伐材から抽出された植物生育促進物質1,2-プロパンジオール 査読

    藤井義晴, 中島江理, Zahida Iqbal, Habib Nasir, 平舘俊太郎, 荒谷博, 濱野満子

    農業環境研究成果情報   21   46 - 47   2005年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    間伐材から抽出された植物生育促進物質1,2-プロパンジオール

  • C219 オオトゲシラホシカメムシ雄成虫に起因する誘引物質の精製と化合物の推定(一般講演)

    滝田 雅美, 杉江 元, 田端 純, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本応用動物昆虫学会大会講演要旨   ( 49 )   94 - 94   2005年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • δ13C values of organic constituents and possible source of humic substances in Japanese volcanic ash soils 査読

    Haruo Shindo, Miho Yoshida, Akio Yamamoto, Hiromi Honma, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Soil Science   170 ( 3 )   175 - 182   2005年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To gain a better understanding about the δ13C values of organic constituents and possible source of humic substances in Japanese volcanic ash soils, we determined the δ13C values of charred plant fragments, humic and fulvic acids, and whole soils, using 10 volcanic ash soil samples. Furthermore, the characteristics of the humic acid obtained from the dil. H2O2-treated residues of charred plant materials, which were produced during the burning of a grassland, were compared with those of black (type A) humic acids in volcanic ash soils. The δ13C values of the charred plant fragments, humic and fulvic acids, and whole soils studied ranged from -25 to -17‰, -25 to -17‰, -23 to -15‰, and -24 to -17‰, respectively. The δ13C values of the whole soils were highly correlated with those of the charred plant fragments (r = 0.968, significant at 0.1% level), humic acids (r = 0.947, significant at 0.1% level) or fulvic acids (r = 0.900, significant at 0.1% level), suggesting that in Japanese volcanic ash soils, the δ13C data of whole soils are valuable for discussing and estimating the origin of carbon of charred plant fragments as well as humic and fulvic acids. The δ13C values of the charred plant fragments were highly correlated with those of the fulvic acids (r = 0.792, significant at 1% level) and especially humic acids (r = 0.951, significant at 0.1% level). The contribution ratios of C4-plant-derived carbon on the carbon in the charred plant fragments, humic and fulvic acids, and whole soils ranged from 15 to 69%, 16 to 65%, 29 to 86%, and 24 to 66%, respectively. The 13C-NMR spectrum and X-ray diffraction pattern of the humic acid obtained from the oxidative degradation products of the charred plant materials were similar to those of type A humic acids reported previously. Based on these findings, it was assumed that both charred C3- and C4-plant materials merit close attention as an important source of humic substances in Japanese volcanic ash soils.

    DOI: 10.1097/01.ss.0000160033.45802.2c

  • Isolation and identification of a plant growth promotive substance from mixture of essential plant oils 査読

    Eri Nakajima, Zahida Iqbal, Hiroshi Araya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Michiko Hamano, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Plant Growth Regulation   45 ( 1 )   47 - 51   2005年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The PCS (commercial products by Field Science Co, Japan, used for air fresheners) was analyzed for the presence of bioactive constituents and their role as root growth promoters. Chromatographic separation of the methanolic solution of PCS resulted in the isolation of an promoting active substance, which was identified using GC-mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy as 1,2-propanediol (CH3CH(OH)CH2OH). Lettuce seedling growth bioassay as test plant revealed that 1,2-propanediol can act as potent root growth promoter; enhancing the growth of lettuce seedling radicle at a concentration 0.01 ppm. The concentration of 1,2-propanediol in PCS mixture was estimated as 4 g/l. These studies suggest that 1,2-propanediol might play an important role in the plant growth promoting activity of PCS.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10725-004-7087-x

  • クワ暗斑病菌Myrothecium verrucariaの産生する毒性成分のクワ病葉からの検出と病原性に果たす役割について 査読

    村上 理都子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 白田 昭

    日本植物病理學會報   71 ( 3 )   166 - 178   2005年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Myrothecium verrucaria infects various plants, but the mechanism of infection is unknown. We studied infection of using M. verrucaria strain MAFF840074, that causes Myrothecium leaf spot of mulberry, to mulberry leaves. Infection by conidia washed with water was low, and an extract of the fungal culture grown on potato sucrose agar caused necroses of the leaves. Infection by conidia was high and the diameter of the resulting lesions was larger if the extract was added to the conidia at the time of inoculation. Roridin A, verrucarins A and J, and an unidentified toxic substance (toxic substance A) were isolated from the extract based on induction of necroses on mulberry leaves using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Roridin A and verrucarin J were more toxic to mulberry leaves than verrucarin A and the toxic substance A. The toxicity of each substance tended to be higher on sensitive mulberry cultivars than on cultivars resistant to the disease. Toxic substances with the same Rf value as roridin A, verrucarin A and the toxic substance A using thin layer chromatography were detected from extracts of mulberry leaves after inoculation with the fungus. With HPLC, the substances in the extract and concentrations of them were determined to be highest (roridin A: 5×10-7M, verrucarin A: 1.6×10-7M and the toxic substance A: 21×10-7M) at 12 days after the inoculation during the 14-d period. However, verrucarian J was not detected from the extract by the methods. Washed conidia of the fungus did not infect mulberry leaves (cv. Shin Ichinose) but infect the leaves when roridin A or verrucarin A at concentration that they caused necroces to the leaves or higher were added at the time of inoculation. Therefore, the results suggested that roridin A, verrucarin A and the toxic substance A might play some roles in the pathogenicity of the fungus.

    DOI: 10.3186/jjphytopath.71.166

  • 高等菌類子実体の植物成長阻害活性

    荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 石崎 孝之

    雑草研究   50 ( 0 )   154 - 155   2005年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Plant growth inhibitory activity of fruiting bodies of higher fungi

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.50.Supplement_154

  • 根圏土壌法による遺伝子組換えイネのアレロパシー活性の検定

    藤井 義晴, 古林 章弘, 荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 川東 広幸, 廣瀬 咲子, 大川 安信, Mohammad M. Parvez

    雑草研究   50 ( 0 )   92 - 93   2005年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Evaluation of allelopathic activity of transgenic rice by specific bioassay for allelopathy, specifically by Rhizosphere-Soil Method

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.50.Supplement_92

  • ユキヤナギから放散される揮発性の植物成育阻害物質

    小原 直美, 田端 純, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   50 ( 0 )   144 - 145   2005年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A volatile plant growth inhibitor from Spiraea thunbergii

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.50.Supplement_144

  • ヘアリーベッチに含まれるシアナミドの定量

    中島 江理, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   50 ( 0 )   148 - 149   2005年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Quantification of cyanamide in the seed and plants of hairy vech

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.50.Supplement_148

  • ヘアリーベッチを用いたトウモロコシ・バレイショ栽培法の試作:雑草発生に及ぼす影響

    藤井 義晴, 荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 吉川 省子

    雑草研究   50 ( 0 )   90 - 91   2005年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Sustainable corn and potato production under hairy vetch mulch:Effect to weed population

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.50.Supplement_90

  • Plant growth inhibitory activity of Ophiopogon japonicus Ker-Gawler and role of phenolic acids and their analogues A comparative study 査読

    Zahida Iqbal, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hiroshi Araya, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Plant Growth Regulation   43 ( 3 )   245 - 250   2004年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathic potential of Ophiopogon japonicus was investigated. The methanolic extract of O. japonicus roots strongly inhibited root and hypocotyls growth of lettuce. Sequential partitioning of the methanol extract with organic solvents showed that the diethyl ether and n-butanol extract possess strong plant growth inhibitory activities. The allelopathic constituents of the diethyl ether extract were isolated and identified as salicylic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid by NMR spectroscopy. Both of these phenolic acids were found in the aqueous extracts of leaves as well. The concentration of salicylic acid in roots and leaves were estimated as 0.011 and 0.02%, respectively, and it inhibited the root and shoot of tested plants by 50% even at less than 3 ppm. The p-hydroxybenzoic acid on the other hand was in less abundance (0.005%) and inhibited the plant growth to a lesser extent. The biological activity of commercially available O-methyl derivatives of these phenolic acids was also determined to establish structure-activity relationship. Among these, salicylic acid was found to be the most active one. These results suggest that Ophiopogon japonicus produces plant growth inhibitors, which are responsible for its potential allelopathic activity.

    DOI: 10.1023/B:GROW.0000045998.68084.4b

  • 根圏土壌を用いた他感作用検定手法の開発 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 荒谷博

    農業環境技術研究所年報(平成15年度)   21   32 - 34   2004年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    根圏土壌を用いた他感作用検定手法の開発

  • Disappearance of aluminum tridecamer from hydroxyaluminum solution in the presence of humic acid 査読

    Noriko Yamaguchi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Masaru Mizoguchi, Tsuyoshi Miyazaki

    Soil Science Society of America Journal   68 ( 6 )   1838 - 1843   2004年11月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    We investigated the influences of humic acid on the removal of Al tridecamer (Al13) from a hydroxyaluminum (HyA) solution at various humic acid/Al ratios. The Al species contained in the solution were analyzed by using a liquid-state 27Al-NMR and an atomic absorption spectrometer and fractionated into three Al species: (i) Al13, (ii) Al monomer and dimer (AlSYM), and (iii) other undefined species including aggregated/precipitated Al (AlNON). By the addition of humic acid to the HyA solution, the concentration of Al13 was rapidly decreased within 0.007 d (10 min). The decrease in Al13 and the increase in AlNON were more pronounced at a higher humic acid/Al ratio. When the molar ratio of humic acid carboxylic groups to Al exceeded 0.8, Al13 was undetected from solution within 0.007 d. The formation of Al 13-humic acid complexes and the aggregation/precipitation of those complexes were a predominant mechanism in removing aqueous Al13 at the early stage of the reaction. Approximately 10 mol of carboxylic groups in humic acid were required to remove 1 mol of Al13 from the HyA solution. Aqueous Al13 had greater preference in precipitating with humic acid than AlSYM. After 5 to 570 d of aging, the concentration of Al13 and AlNON also decreased and increased, respectively, both in the presence and absence of humic acid. In conclusion, aqueous Al13 would not exist in soil solution under a high humic acid condition.

  • ヘアリーベッチに含まれるシアナミドが各種植物の成長に及ぼす影響(19. 肥料および施肥法, 2004年度大会講演要旨集)

    藤井 義晴, 中島 江理, 加茂 綱嗣, 古林 章弘, 荒谷 博, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 50 )   142   2004年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 山岳ポトゾル土壌における低分子有機酸とフルボ酸様物質について(2. 土壌有機・無機化学, 2004年度大会講演要旨集)

    福井 彩子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 竹迫 紘

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 50 )   20   2004年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 土壌中におけるL-DOPAの動態に及ぼすカテコール構造の役割(2. 土壌有機・無機化学, 2004年度大会講演要旨集)

    古林 章弘, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 50 )   19   2004年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 固体NMRスペクトルおよび炭素同位体比による土壌特性解析 栃木県のアロフェン黒ぼく土を例に(3. 土壌分析法, 2004年度大会講演要旨集)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 平井 英明, 橋本 均

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 50 )   29   2004年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 人工アルミニウム-腐植複合体の植物根伸長への影響(2. 土壌有機・無機化学, 2004年度大会講演要旨集)

    高橋 正, 南條 正巳, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 50 )   23   2004年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 主要な在来・帰化およびブラジル産雑草のアレロパシー活性のプラントボックス法による検定 査読

    服部 眞幸, Syuntaro Hiradate, 荒谷 博, 西原 英治, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   49 ( 3 )   169 - 183   2004年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathic activity of 4 different types of weeds-Japanese native weeds (38 species of 18 families) , naturalized or established weeds in Japan (30 species of 12 families), newly imported weeds (18 species of 8 families, originating as feed-mix in imported feeds), and Brazilian weeds (55 species of 17 families, considered potentially invasive) , and total 129 species of 25 families were evaluated by "Plant-Box" method using lettuce as a test plant. Results showed that the imported weeds had not always lower allelopathic activity than that of naturalized or established ones. However, several Brazilian weeds showed high allelopathic activities in comparison to native, naturalized or established weeds. The velvetleaf (either the imported or endemic type) showed strong phytotoxic effect against lettuce radicle growth. In case of common lambsquarters, strong allelopathic activities were observed on the imported type and that with Brazilian origin, but allelopathic activity of those phenotypes that already established in Japan was not prominent. These results suggest that allelopathic activity might depend on their origin of each phenotype. This study suggests that some potentially invasive weeds, as well as some imported weeds, were highly allelopathic, and could possibly become a threat to Japanese vegetation, if they invade, and establish in Japan.

  • Assessment method for allelopathic effect from leaf litter leachates 査読

    Yoshiharu Fujii, Tomoko Shibuya, Keiko Nakatani, Tomio Itani, Syuntaro Hiradate, Mohammad M. Parvez

    Weed Biology and Management   4 ( 1 )   19 - 23   2004年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    In order to elucidate the allelopathic effect of leaf litter leachates under laboratory conditions, a modified 'sandwich method', which places leaves between two layers of agar, was used. Fifty mg of leaves was used per 10 cm 2 cell. Agar concentrations at 0.5-1.0% were the best for gel support in determining radicle and hypocotyl elongation of lettuce. The optimum incubation time for bioassay was three days after imbibition onset. Among 20 typical tree species in Asia, Cymbopogon citratus and Derris scandens showed the strongest inhibitory activity determined by the sandwich method, followed by Piper betle, Tamarindus indica, and Gliricidia sepium. This bioassay seems to be a reliable method for screening allelopathic activity from leaf litter leachates.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-6664.2003.00113.x

  • Role of allelopathy in invasion of an exotic plant Robinia pseudo-acacia L.

    Zahida Iqbal, Habib Nasir, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Weed Science and Technology   49 ( S )   98 - 99   2004年4月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Role of allelopathy in invasion of an exotic plant Robinia pseudo-acacia L.

  • P26 ヘアリーベッチに含まれるシアナミドの植物成長抑制作用

    中島 江理, Syuntaro Hiradate, 加茂 綱嗣, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 43 )   178 - 179   2004年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    マメ科牧草であるヘアリーベッチ(Vicia villosa Roth)は、強いアレロパシー作用をもつことが知られており、また、窒素固定による緑肥効果があることから、耕作放棄地や果樹園などの雑草防除に利用されている.このヘアリーベッチに含まれる植物成長阻害物質として、加茂らによりシアナミド(Fig.l)が単離・同定された.シアナミドは窒素肥料である石灰窒素の主成分であり、一方で果樹の休眠打破剤として古くから利用され、また、殺菌、防虫、除草効果を持つことが報告されている.これまでシアナミドは化学的に合成されており、自然界には存在しないと考えられていたが、ヘアリーベッチの体内成分として天然に存在していることが明らかとなり、加えてヘアリーベッチの他感物質として重要な役割を果たしている可能性が示唆された.そこで本研究では、植物界におけるシアナミドの役割について解明することを目的とし、まず、シアナミドの各種植物に対する生育阻害活性について調べた.また、これまでの研究により、ヘアリーベッチ各品種の葉においてそのシアナミド含量には違いが見られたことから、ヘアリーベッチ各品種のシアナミドに対する感受性について検討した.

  • P25 高等菌類子実体のアレロパシー

    荒谷 博, 関谷 敦, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 43 )   176 - 177   2004年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    トリュフ(Tuber melanosporum)は子実体が発生する条件が整うとその地上部には"ブリュレ(焼け跡地)"と呼ばれる草の生えないパッチが観察されるようになる。同様の抑草現象は野生種のハナホウキタケ、ニンギョウタケなどにも観察され、化学物質を放出することにより現象を発現していることが考えられる。しかし、キノコのアレロパシーを利用した雑草抑制の試みはほとんどなされておらず、作用成分もほとんど明らかにされていない。そこで、キノコ子実体のアレロパシー活性を昨年に引き続きサンドイッチ法を用いて検定した。また、サンドイッチ法により、活性が強かったブナシメジ(Hipsizigus marmoreus)については、菌体が多く含まれる廃菌床についても成長阻害活性を調査した。

  • P24 赤米等のアレロパシー活性とアレロケミカルの探索

    荒谷 博, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 43 )   174 - 175   2004年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    近年、低農薬による雑草管理が求められており、直播など大規模省労働力化の実用の際イネ発育初期の雑草発生が問題となる。このような問題を解決もしくは軽減化する手段の一つとして、イネの機能性の一つであるアレロパシーの利用が考えられる。我々はプラントボックス(PB)法により、アレロパシー活性の強いイネとして阿波赤米を見いだしている。そこで、(1)圃場試験:阿波赤米を含むイネ5品種を精密試験水田で移植栽培し、無除草で栽培したときの雑草発生の調査、(2)物質同定:阿波赤米等の根表面および全体からの抽出物からの、他感物質の分離分析、に関する調査を行った。

  • Growth inhibitory alkaloids from mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.) leaves 査読

    Hiroshi Nakano, Eri Nakajima, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Kosumi Yamada, Hideyuki Shigemori, Koji Hasegawa

    Phytochemistry   65 ( 5 )   587 - 591   2004年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Plant growth inhibitory alkaloids were isolated from the extract of mesquite [Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.] leaves. Their chemical structures were established by ESI-MS, 1H and 13C NMR spectra analysis. The I50 value (concentration required for 50% inhibition of control) for root growth of cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seedlings was 400 μM for 3″″-oxo-juliprosopine, 500 μM for secojuliprosopinal, and 100 μM for a (1:1) mixture of 3-oxo-juliprosine and 3′-oxo-juliprosine, respectively. On the other hand, the minimum concentration exhibiting inhibitory effect on shoot growth of cress seedlings was 10 μM for 3″″-oxo-juliprosopine, 100 μM for secojuliprosopinal, and 1 μM for a (1:1) mixture of 3-oxo-juliprosine and 3′-oxo-juliprosine, respectively. Among these compounds, a (1:1) mixture of 3-oxo-juliprosine and 3′-oxo-juliprosine exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the growth of cress seedlings.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.01.006

  • 土壌を用いた他感作用の検定手法の開発 査読

    藤井義晴, 平館俊太郎, 荒谷博

    農業環境研究成果情報   20   36 - 37   2004年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    土壌を用いた他感作用の検定手法の開発

  • ソバ属植物のアレロパシーとソバを利用した植生管理 査読

    藤井義晴, 荒谷博, 平館俊太郎

    農業環境研究成果情報   20   38 - 39   2004年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ソバ属植物のアレロパシーとソバを利用した植生管理

  • Phytotoxic cis-cinnamoyl glucosides from Spiraea thunbergii 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Sayaka Morita, Hajime Sugie, Yoshiharu Fujii, Jiro Harada

    Phytochemistry   65 ( 6 )   731 - 739   2004年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. was found to contain 1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-β-D- glucopyranose and 6-O-(4′-hydroxy-2′-methylene-butyroyl)-1-O-cis- cinnamoyl-β-D-glucopyranose as major plant growth inhibitory constituents along with related compounds of lower phytotoxicity including 6-O-(trans-cinnamoyl)-1-O-(4″-hydroxy-3″-methyl-furan-2″-one) -β-D-glucopyranose, 6-O-(4′-hydroxy-2′-methylene-butyroyl)-1-O- trans-cinnamoyl-β-D-glucopyranose, and 1-O-trans-cinnamoyl-β-D- glucopyranose. The former three compounds were cinnamoyl glucosides.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.01.010

  • Effects of soil organic matter on ph-dependent phosphate sorption by soils 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Natsuyo Uchida

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   50 ( 5 )   665 - 675   2004年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Effects of soil organic matter (80M) on P sorption of soils still remain to be clarified because contradictory results have been reported in the literature. In the present study, pH-dependent P sorption on an allophanic Andisol and an alluvial soil was compared with that on hydrogen peroxide (H202)-treated, acid-oxalate (OX)-treated, and dithionite-citrate- bicarbonate (DCB)-treated soils. Removal of 80M increased or decreased P sorption depending on the equilibrium pH values and soil types. In the H2O2 OX-, and DCB-treated soils, P sorption was pH-dependent, but this trend was not conspicuous in the untreated soils. It is likely that 80M affects P sorption of soils through three factors, competitive sorption, inhibition of polymerization and crystallization of metals such as AI and Fe, and flexible structure of metal-80M complexes. As a result, the number of available sites for P sorption would remain relatively constant in the wide range of equilibrium pH values in the presence of 80M. The P sorption characteristics were analyzed at constant equilibrium pH values (4.0 to 7.0) using the Langmuir equation as a local isotherm. The maximum number of available sites for P sorption (Qmax) was pH-dependent in the H202-, OX-, and DCBtreated soils, while this trend was not conspicuous in the untreated soils. Affinity constants related to binding strength (K) were less affected by the equilibrium pH values, soil types, and soil treatments, and were almost constant (log K ≈ 4.5). These findings support the hypothesis that 80M plays a role in keeping the number of available sites for P sorption relatively constant but does not affect the P sorption affinity. By estimating the Qmax and K values as a function of equilibrium pH values, pH-dependent P sorption was well simulated with four or two adjustable parameters. This empirical model could be useful and convenient for a rough estimation of the pH-dependent P sorption of soils.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2004.10408523

  • Speciation of aluminum in soil environments Application of NMR technique 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   50 ( 3 )   303 - 314   2004年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Although aluminum (Al) is abundant in soil environments, it is not an essential element and it is toxic to most organisms. Since the toxicity of Al depends on their chemical forms, the importance of Al speciation has been recognized worldwide. Difficulties in Al speciation are caused by the complex coordination chemistry of Al for the hydrolysis and formation of polynuclear species with a variable degree of solubility in aqueous solution. Nondestructive analyses, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, could supply primarily im-portant information on the chemical forms of Al and may enable to evaluate the results ob-tained by other methodologies. In the present report, NMR spectral characteristics of environmentally important Al-containing components, such as hydoxyaluminum ions, Alinorganic complexes, Al-organic complexes, and primary and secondary minerals, are summarized for the nuclei of 27Al and 29Si determined by solution NMR and solid-state magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR. Applications of NMR techniques to soil science, including speciation of phytotoxic Al in soil environments and whole soil NMR studies, are described.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2004.10408483

  • Carbon source of humic substances in some Japanese volcanic ash soils determined by carbon stable isotopic ratio, δ13C 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Toshie Nakadai, Haruo Shindo, Tadakatsu Yoneyama

    Geoderma   119 ( 1-2 )   133 - 141   2004年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Volcanic ash soils (including Andisols) have been known to accumulate extremely large amounts of humic acids in their thick surface horizons, and their accumulation mechanism is of interest. Two mechanisms have been proposed: (1) active metals like Al and Fe, supplied from weathered volcanic materials, stabilize humic acids through complexation reactions; (2) cultivated Japanese pampas grasses (Miscanthus sinensis A.) and its charred materials are the major carbon source of humic acids. In the present study, contribution ratio of the pampas grass (C4-plant) on the carbons of the humic acids was determined by measuring their stable isotopic ratio of carbon (δ13C). In Japanese volcanic ash soils, humic acids were originated from both C3- and C4-plants, and the contribution ratio of C4-plants (mostly pampas grass) ranged from 18% to 52%. Highly humified (dark-colored) humic acids tended to show higher contribution ratio of C4-plants among volcanic ash soils, although the major part of the carbon had originated from C3-plants. It was also clarified that the δ13C values of crude soil samples correlated well with those of humic and fulvic acids. Therefore, reported δ13C values of crude soil samples in the literature would be useful for estimating the carbon source of soil humic substances. Literature survey of the δ13C values of crude soil samples also indicated that a large part of the carbon in humic substances has originated from C3-plants rather than C4-plants, implying the importance of the active metals (such as Al and Fe) on the formation and accumulation of the humic acids in volcanic ash soils.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0016-7061(03)00257-X

  • ヘアリーベッチに含まれるシアナミドの植物成長抑制作用

    中島 江理, 平舘 俊太郎, 加茂 綱嗣, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   49 ( 0 )   178 - 179   2004年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Plant growth inhibitory activity of cyanamide in hairy vetch

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.49.Supplement_178

  • 高等菌類子実体のアレロパシー 査読

    荒谷 博, 関谷 敦, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   49 ( 0 )   176 - 177   2004年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathy of fruiting bodies of higher fungi

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.49.Supplement_176

  • 赤米等のアレロパシー活性とアレロケミカルの探索

    荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   49 ( 0 )   174 - 175   2004年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathic activity of red rice and investigation of allelochemicals from them

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.49.Supplement_174

  • 主要な在来・帰化およびブラジル産雑草のアレロパシー活性のプラントボックス法による検定 査読

    服部 眞幸, 平舘 俊太郎, 荒谷 博, 西原 英治, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   49 ( 3 )   169 - 183   2004年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathic activity of 4 different types of weeds-Japanese native weeds (38 species of 18 families), naturalized or established weeds in Japan (30 species of 12 families), newly imported weeds (18 species of 8 families, originating as feed-mix in imported feeds), and Brazilian weeds (55 species of 17 families, considered potentially invasive), and total 129 species of 25 families were evaluated by "Plant-Box" method using lettuce as a test plant.
    Results showed that the imported weeds had not always lower allelopathic activity than that of naturalized or established ones. However, several Brazilian weeds showed high allelopathic activities in comparison to native, naturalized or established weeds. The velvetleaf (either the imported or endemic type) showed strong phytotoxic effect against lettuce radicle growth. In case of common lambsquarters, strong allelopathic activities were observed on the imported type and that with Brazilian origin, but allelopathic activity of those phenotypes that already established in Japan was not prominent. These results suggest that allelopathic activity might depend on their origin of each phenotype. This study suggests that some potentially invasive weeds, as well as some imported weeds, were highly allelopathic, and could possibly become a threat to Japanese vegetation, if they invade, and establish in Japan.

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.49.169

  • Identification of a sex pheromone component of Pseudococcus cryptus 査読

    Tomonori Arai, Hajime Sugie, Syuntaro Hiradate, Shigefumi Kuwahara, Noriaki Itagaki, Takashi Nakahata

    Journal of Chemical Ecology   29 ( 10 )   2213 - 2223   2003年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A sex pheromone component of Pseudococcus cryptus has been isolated and identified. The crude pheromone extract obtained by airborne collection was fractionated by liquid chromatography (LC) on Florisil, and further purified by high performance liquid chromatography and preparative Gas Chromatography (GC). The pheromone component was shown to be an ester, the alcohol part of which was identical to the known alcohol moiety of the pheromone of Planococcus citri. The chemical structure was determined to be 3-isopropenyl-2,2-dimethylcyclobutylmethyl 3-methyl-3-butenoate by MS and 1H NMR analyses. The absolute configuration of the pheromone was assigned as (1R,3R) by comparison of the retention time of the alcohol derived from the P. cryptus pheromone with those of the alcohol derived from P. citri pheromone, and a synthetic sample of alcohol enriched in the (1R,3R)-enantiomer, using a chiral GC stationary phase. The structure of the pheromone was confirmed by synthesis, and by bioassays in a glasshouse.

    DOI: 10.1023/A:1026214112242

  • Chemical species of Al reacting with soil humic acids 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Noriko U. Yamaguchi

    Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry   97 ( 1 )   26 - 31   2003年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The formation and presence of aluminum tridecamer (Al13, [AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O) 12]7+) in solution was strongly inhibited by soil humic acids (HA), as shown by liquid-state 27Al-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. It was also observed that Al13 coprecipitated with HA in the form of Al13-HA complexes, as shown by solid-state magic angle spinning (MAS) 27Al-NMR analyses. Tetrahedral Al in the Al 13-HA complexes was gradually converted to octahedral Al, indicating that Al13 in Al13-HA complexes was decomposed into Al-HA complexes with reaction time. When HA was present in the acidic Al solution before the partial neutralization, the precipitates formed after the partial neutralization did not contain any tetrahedral Al, indicating the absence of Al13 and that HA is a strong inhibitor of Al13 formation. These results indicate that Al13 is not formed from Al complexed with soil HA after partial neutralization. If Al13 was added to soils, it would preferentially form precipitates of non-phytotoxic Al 13-HA complex in the presence of excess HA (i.e. a COOH/Al 13 molar ratio of more than 9) and gradually be converted to an octahedral Al-HA complex. Therefore, Al13 is not a major plant-growth inhibitor in humus-rich acidic soils.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0162-0134(03)00242-3

  • 2-22 アロフェン黒ぼく土および非アロフェン黒ぼく土の固体NMRによるキャラクタリゼーション^<13>C,^<27>Al,^<29>Si,^<31>P-MAS/NMRの適用性(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 伊藤 豊彰

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 49 )   21   2003年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 9-2 イネ細胞のアルミニウム耐性機構の解析 イネ培養細胞とタバコ培養細胞におけるアルミニウム応答反応の比較(9.植物の無機栄養)

    山本 洋子, 力石 早苗, Syuntaro Hiradate, 松本 英明

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 49 )   65   2003年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 2-30 土壌環境中におけるL-DOPAの化学形態変化 土壌による吸着反応と触媒作用による変換反応(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    古林 章弘, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 49 )   23   2003年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • ヘアリーベッチのアレロケミカル候補物質シアナミド(第37回大会研究発表抄録補遺)

    加茂 綱嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    植物の生長調節 = Regulation of plant growth & development   38 ( 1 )   145   2003年5月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    CYANAMIDE AS A POSSIBLE ALLELOCHEMICAL OF HAIRY VETCH(Supplement to Abstracts for the XXXVII Annual Meeting of the Japanease Society for Chemical Regulation of Plants)

  • 63 植物成長阻害物質シアナミドのマメ科植物における分布とその活性(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    中島 江里, Syuntaro Hiradate, 加茂 綱嗣, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 42 )   136 - 137   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    近年、強い雑草抑制効果を有するヘアリーベッチ(Vicia villosa Roth)の作用成分として、シアナミドが単離・同定された。シアナミドは窒素肥料である石灰窒素の主成分でもあり、休眠打破剤としても利用されているが、自然界に存在していることは知られていなかった。また、従来報告されているヘアリーベッチによる家畜の中毒現象の原因物質である可能性も考えられ、シアナミドはヘアリーベッチの体内成分として、自然界において重要な役割を果たしている可能性が強く示唆される。そこで本研究では、最終的に植物界におけるシアナミドの分布とその役割について解明することを目的とし、まず、Vicia属およびその他数種のマメ科植物におけるシアナミドの分布と、シアナミドの各種植物に対する生育阻害活性について調べた。

  • Plant growth inhibitory activity of triterpenoidal constituents of Ophiopogon japonics Ker-Gawl.

    Zahida Iqbal, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hiroshi Araya, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Weed Science and Technology   48 ( S )   156 - 157   2003年4月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Plant growth inhibitory activity of triterpenoidal constituents of Ophiopogon japonics Ker-Gawl.

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.48.Supplement_156

  • Allelopathic flavonoids from buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum Gaertn.)

    Zahida Iqbal, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Weed Science and Technology   48 ( S )   158 - 159   2003年4月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Allelopathic flavonoids from buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum Gaertn.)

  • P19 高等菌類子実体のアレロパシー活性(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    荒谷 博, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 42 )   198 - 199   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    高等菌類は植物と共生、寄生、腐生、不朽などの密接な関係を持ちながら生活しており、これらの高等菌類は生態系において植物遺体の分解者として位置づけられいる。また、おもに木本が生産する難分解性かつ植物生長阻害活性を有するリグニンを分解することのできる一部の菌類は、ダイオキシン類の分解も行うことから近年注目を浴びている。これらの菌類は様々な二次代謝産物を産生していることが知られているが、それらの化合物がアレロケミカルとして周辺の植物にどのような影響を与えているかは不明である。本研究では高等菌類がアレロケミカル放出者として働きうるかを、サンドイッチ法を用いて検定した。

  • P18 阿波赤米に含まれるアレロケミカルの探索(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    荒谷 博, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 42 )   196 - 197   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    近年、持続的農業の観点から低農薬による雑草管理が求められている。また、21世紀の稲作では、直播など大規模省労働力化へ進むことが予想され、この際イネ発育初期の雑草発生が問題となる。このような問題を解決もしくは軽減化する手段の一つとして、雑草耐性の一因子であるアレロパシーの利用が考えられる。我々はプラントボックス(PB)法により、アレロパシー活性の強いイネとして阿波赤米を見いだしている。そこで、(1)圃場試験:阿波赤米を含むイネ5品種を精密試験水田で移植栽培し、無除草で栽培したときの雑草発生の調査、(2)物質同定:阿波赤米の根表面および全体からの抽出物からの、他感物質の分離分析、に関する調査を行った。

  • 71 植物由来の精油混合物が有する植物成長促進作用(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    中島 江里, Zahida Iqbal, 濱野 満子, 荒谷 博, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 42 )   152 - 153   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    消臭剤として商品化されている35種の樹木等からの精油成分の混合物(PCS)に、植物の成長促進作用があることが確認され、有機農業生産や減農薬栽培といった環境にやさしい農業への利用が期待される。そこで、この精油混合物の成分として含まれる生理活性物質を単離・同定し、植物に与える作用について検討した。

  • 69 ユキヤナギおよびシジミバナの他感作用(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    森田 沙綾香, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴, 岸田 真幸, 原田 二郎

    雑草研究   ( 42 )   148 - 149   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    69 Allelopathy of Spiraea thunbergii and S.prunifolia

  • 66 根圏土壌を用いたアレロパシー活性測定法(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    古林 章弘, Syuntaro Hiradate, 荒谷 博, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 42 )   142 - 143   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    これまで,アレロパシーの3つの作用経路(揮発性物質による揮散,根からの浸出,茎葉や残渣からの溶脱)に特異的な検定法として,それぞれ,ディッシュパック法,プラントボックス法,サンドイッチ法が開発されているが,根から土壌に放出された物質が土壌中で他感作用を示すことを実証する検定手法はなかった.そこで,根から根圏土壌中に放出される物質による作用を検定する新たな手法の開発を試みた.

  • I220 沖縄本島産と石垣島産のコシロモンドクガ性フェロモン成分における地域変異(生理活性物質)

    山澤 広之, 若村 定男, 新垣 則雄, 山本 雅信, Syuntaro Hiradate, 安居 拓也, 金城 邦夫, 安田 哲也, 安藤 哲

    日本応用動物昆虫学会大会講演要旨   ( 47 )   152 - 152   2003年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • First isolation of natural cyanamide as a possible allelochemical from hairy vetch Vicia villosa 査読

    Tsunashi Kamo, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Chemical Ecology   29 ( 2 )   275 - 283   2003年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Cyanamide was isolated from the leaves and stems of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), guided by plant growth inhibitory activity against lettuce (Lectuca sativa) seedlings. A large proportion of the inhibitory activity in the crude extract was explained by the presence of cyanamide, suggesting it to be a possible allelochemical in this species. The amount in a 9-day-old seedling, which had been grown without nutrients, reached approx. 40 times that of a nongerminated seed. demonstrating cyanamide biosynthesis in the seedlings. This is the first report on the isolation of a possible allelochemical from hairy vetch and also of the finding of cyanamide as a natural product.

    DOI: 10.1023/A:1022621709486

  • Formation and disappearance of Al tridecamer in the presence of low molecular weight organic ligands 査読

    Noriko U. Yamaguchi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Masaru Mizoguchi, Tsuyoshi Miyazaki

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   49 ( 4 )   551 - 556   2003年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Formation and disappearance of phytotoxic Al tridecamer (Al13) in the rhizosphere can be affected by root exudates such as organic ligands. We investigated the effects of organic ligands on the formation and disappearance of Alla as a function of pH and COOH / Al ratio. The aqueous Al species were analyzed by using a liquid state27Al-NMR and an atomic absorption spectrometer and separated into four fractions, as follows; 1) Al13, 2) Al monomer and dimer (AlSYM), 3) Al complexed with organic ligands (AlORG), and 4) other undefined species (AlNON). Formation of Al13 was suppressed by acetate, oxalate, and citrate. In addition, Al13 that preexisted in a hydroxyaluminmn solution was disappeared by the introduction of acetate, oxalate, and citrate. Decrease in the concentration of Al13 at the early stage of the reaction was caused by the decomposition of Al13 along with the increase in the concentrations of AlSYM and AlORG. After 7 d of reaction, it was likely that Al13 was transformed into Al(OH)30 and other undefined species that could not be detected by27Al-NMR. The ability of the carboxylic groups to suppress the occurrence of Al13 (molar-basis) was in the order of acetate << oxalate < citrate, corresponding to the ability of complexation with Al. In conclusion, the phytotoxic effects of Al13 were less pronounced because of the ubiquitous presence of organic ligands in the rhizosphere.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2003.10410044

  • ヘアリーベッチの他感作用と作用物質シアナミドの同定 査読

    藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 荒谷博, 加茂綱嗣

    農業環境技術研究所年報(平成13年度)   19   42 - 44   2003年1月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ヘアリーベッチの他感作用と作用物質シアナミドの同定

  • Allelopathic activity of buckwheat Isolation and characterization of phenolics 査読

    Zahida Iqbal, Syuntaro Hiradate, Akio Noda, Sei Ichi Isojima, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Weed Science   51 ( 5 )   657 - 662   2003年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Laboratory and field experiments were conducted to assess the allelopathic potential of buckwheat. In the field, buckwheat demonstrated strong inhibitory activity by suppressing weeds. In laboratory studies, aqueous and organic solvent extracts of the aerial parts of common buckwheat inhibited the root and shoot growth of lettuce seedlings. The chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts showed maximum activity, and plants grown in the presence of the ethyl acetate extract showed severe root browning. The allelopathic constituents of the ethyl acetate phase were isolated and identified as gallic acid and (+)-catechin by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Gallic acid and (+)-catechin were present in the upper part of buckwheat at concentrations of 0.02 and 0.01%, of fresh weight, respectively. Gallic acid was found to be selectively and strongly inhibitory to root and shoot growth of tested plants at 100 and 10 μg ml-1. (+)-Catechin, however, inhibited plant growth to a lesser extent. These results suggest that buckwheat may have allelopathic potential and that when used as a ground cover crop or green manure may produce inhibitors, which could suppress weeds.

    DOI: 10.1614/0043-1745(2003)051[0657:AAOBIA]2.0.CO;2

  • 高等菌類子実体のアレロパシー活性

    荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   48 ( 0 )   198 - 199   2003年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathic activity of fruiting bodies of higher fungi

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.48.Supplement_198

  • 阿波赤米に含まれるアレロケミカルの探索

    荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   48 ( 0 )   196 - 197   2003年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathic substances in red rice, AWA-AKAMAI

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.48.Supplement_196

  • 植物由来の精油混合物が有する植物成長促進作用

    中島 江理, 濱野 満子, 荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, Zahida Iqbal

    雑草研究   48 ( 0 )   152 - 153   2003年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Plant growth promoting effect of a mixture of essential oils

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.48.Supplement_152

  • 植物成長阻害物質シアナミドのマメ科植物における分布とその活性

    中島 江理, 平舘 俊太郎, 加茂 綱嗣, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   48 ( 0 )   136 - 137   2003年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Distribution of a plant growth inhibitor, cyanamide in leguminous plants and its plant growth inhibitory activity

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.48.Supplement_136

  • 根圏土壌を用いたアレロパシー活性測定法

    古林 章弘, 平舘 俊太郎, 荒谷 博, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   48 ( 0 )   142 - 143   2003年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Method for bioassay to evaluate the allelopathic activity in rhizosphere soil

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.48.Supplement_142

  • ユキヤナギおよびシジミバナの他感作用

    森田 沙綾香, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 岸田 真幸, 原田 二郎

    雑草研究   48 ( 0 )   148 - 149   2003年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathy of Spiraea thunbergii and S. prunifolia

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.48.Supplement_148

  • Mulberry anthracnose antagonists (iturins) produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RC-2 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Shigenobu Yoshida, Hajime Sugie, Hiroshi Yada, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Phytochemistry   61 ( 6 )   693 - 698   2002年11月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain RC-2 produced seven antifungal compounds (1-7) secreted into the culture filtrate. These compounds inhibited the development of mulberry anthracnose caused by the fungus, Colletotrichum dematium. Chemical structural analyses by NMR and FAB-MS revealed that all these compounds were iturins (cyclic peptides with the following sequence: L-Asn → D-Tyr → D-Asn → L-Gln → L-Pro → D-Asn → L-Ser → D-β-amino acid →) and compounds 1-6 are identical to iturins A-2-A-7, respectively. Compound 7 (iturin A-8) is a new iturin, which has a -(CH2)10CH(CH3)CH2CH3 group as a side chain in the β-amino acid in the molecule.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00365-5

  • Mulberry anthracnose antagonists (iturins) produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RC-2 査読

    S Hiradate, S Yoshida, H Sugie, H Yada, Y Fujii

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   61 ( 6 )   693 - 698   2002年11月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain RC-2 produced seven antifungal compounds (1-7) secreted into the culture filtrate. These compounds inhibited the development of mulberry anthracnose caused by the fungus, Colletotrichum dematium. Chemical structural analyses by NMR and FAB-MS revealed that all these compounds were iturins (cyclic peptides with the following sequence: L-Asn --> D-Tyr --> D-Asn --> L-Gln --> L-Pro --> D-Asn --> L-Ser --> D-beta-amino acid -->) and compounds 1-6 are identical to iturins A-2-A-7, respectively. Compound 7 (iturin A-8) is a new iturin, which has a -(CH2)(10)CH(CH3)CH2CH3 group as a side chain in the beta-amino acid in the molecule. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 土壌分析法 (部門別進歩総説特集号) -- (第2部門 土壌化学・土壌鉱物)

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   73 ( 0 )   619 - 623   2002年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 56 ヘアリーベッチのアレロケミカル候補物質 シアナミド

    加茂 綱嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集   ( 37 )   121 - 122   2002年10月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Cyanamide was isolated from hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), a leguminous plant utilized as a cover crop, guided by plant growth inhibitory activity against lettuce seedlings. The crude extract of hairy vetch contained 130 μg of cyanamide per gram fresh weight. A large portion of the inhibitory activity in the crude extract of hairy vetch was explained by the presence of cyanamide, suggesting that the compound is a possible allelochemical of the hairy vetch. We also demonstrated that cyanamide was biosynthesized in hairy vetch seedlings. This is the first report of cyanamide from a natural source.

  • 土壌酸性をめぐる研究の進展と今後の課題 レビューと課題の抽出

    犬伏 和之, Syuntaro Hiradate, 櫻井 克年, 川東 正幸, 馬 建鋒, 谷 昌幸, 岡崎 正規, 林 健太郎, 坂本 一憲, 三枝 正彦

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   73 ( 5 )   575 - 583   2002年10月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Recent Advances in Soil Acidity and Problems to be Solved

  • ソバのアレロパシー ソバ地上部抽出物の他感作用活性と作用物質としてのファゴミンと関連アルカロイドの同定(雑草学会英文誌"Weed Biology and Management"第2巻2号掲載論文摘要(摘要))

    イクバル ザヒダ, Syuntaro Hiradate, 野田 昭夫, 磯島 誠一, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   47 ( 3 )   206   2002年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • ヘアリーベッチに含まれる植物生長阻害物質シアナミドの発見 査読

    藤井義晴, 平館俊太郎, 石坂眞澄, 小原裕三

    農業環境研究成果情報   18   20 - 21   2002年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ヘアリーベッチに含まれる植物生長阻害物質シアナミドの発見

  • Absolute configurations of 2-methoxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid and 2-methoxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid as determined by the phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) method 査読

    Akio Ichikawa, Hiroshi Ono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Masataka Watanabe, Nobuyuki Harada

    Tetrahedron Asymmetry   13 ( 11 )   1167 - 1172   2002年6月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The absolute configurations of 2-methoxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid and 2-methoxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid were reconfirmed by NMR analyses of phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) derivatives. Their absolute configurations determined by the PGME method are consistent with those obtained by the 1H NMR anisotropy method and X-ray crystallography.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0957-4166(02)00268-9

  • Ecological characteristics and biological control of mulberry anthracnose 査読

    S Yoshida, A Shirata, S Hiradate

    JARQ-JAPAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY   36 ( 2 )   89 - 95   2002年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To develop effective control techniques against mulberry anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum dematium, ecological and biocontrol studies on the disease were carried out. It was confirmed that the causal fungus overwinters mainly in infected mulberry leaves on the ground, then first infects the leaves adjacent to the ground in the rainy season. The fungal infection secondarily reaches the middle and upper foliage of mulberry trees with the passage of time, being less associated with the leaf age. The diseased leaves subsequently fall in autumn, and the fungus overwinters in these leaves again. It was suggested that the removal of fallen leaves from the mulberry field in autumn may contribute to cutting off the above disease cycle efficiently. A potential antagonist, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain RC-2, was isolated from healthy mulberry leaves. The antagonism was due to the production of antifungal compounds by the strain. Seven kinds of antifungal compounds were purified, and one of these was identified as iturin A2. Based on antagonistic mechanisms of the strain, the inhibition ability of RC-2 could be efficiently used by the application of the strain onto the leaves adjacent to the ground when primary fungal transmission from soil occurs. Furthermore, the antibiotics inhibited several other phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, besides C. dematium, in vitro, suggesting that the antibiotics produced by RC-2 might be useful as multiple control materials against various plant diseases.

  • 69 ヘアリーベッチ葉に含まれる植物生長阻害物質としてのシアナミドの同定

    藤井 義晴, 加茂 網嗣, Syuntaro Hiradate

    雑草研究   ( 41 )   154 - 155   2002年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    First isolation of natural cyanamide, a possible allelochemical from Vicia villosa Roth..

  • 10-10 アスパラガスの連作障害におけるアレロパシーの関与(10.植物の代謝)

    元木 悟, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 48 )   74   2002年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 2-5 二次元NMRによる腐植酸の構造解析 火山灰土壌由来の腐植酸への適用(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 48 )   6   2002年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Allelopathy of buckwheat Assessment of allelopathic potential of extract of aerial parts of buckwheat and identification of fagomine and other related alkaloids as allelochemicals 査読

    Zahida Iqbal, Syuntaro Hiradate, Akio Noda, Sei Ichi Isojima, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Weed Biology and Management   2 ( 2 )   110 - 115   2002年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The allelopathic potential of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) was investigated. Field study showed that living buckwheat reduced weed biomass compared with plots without buckwheat. Laboratory study revealed that root exudates suppressed root and shoot growth of weeds and reduced weed dry weight. Sequential partitioning of the aqueous ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of buckwheat showed that the chloroform extract caused an 80% reduction in radicle elongation of lettuce seedlings at a concentration of less than 100 p.p.m. Fagomine, 4-piperidone and 2-piperidinemethanol were isolated and identified by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance from the chloroform extract. These compounds caused a 50% inhibition of radicle elongation in lettuce seedlings at concentrations of less than 100 p.p.m. These results suggest that compounds 1, 2, and 3 might act as allelochemicals and affect the growth or germination of different plant species.

    DOI: 10.1046/j.1445-6664.2002.00055.x

  • ヘアリーベッチ葉に含まれる植物生長阻害物質としてのシアナミドの同定

    藤井 義晴, 加茂 綱嗣, 平舘 俊太郎

    雑草研究   47 ( 0 )   154 - 155   2002年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    First isolation of natural cyanamide, a possible allelochemical from Vicia villosa Roth.

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.47.Supplement_154

  • 分子レベルでの土壌成分および成分間のナノスケール相互作用

    逸見 彰男, Syuntaro Hiradate, 山口 紀子, 石田 智之, 松枝 直人

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   72 ( 6 )   833 - 838   2001年12月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Soil Components in Molecular Level and Nano-Scale Interactions among the Components

  • (248)クワ暗斑病菌(Myrothecium verrucaria)の病原性発現に対する本菌由来毒素roridin A, verruacrin A, Jおよび未同定毒素の関与

    村上 理都子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 白田 昭, H. Inoue, 吉田 重信, 矢澤 盈男

    日本植物病理學會報   67 ( 2 )   184 - 185   2001年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 51 L-DOPA等の天然カテコール化合物が植物間相互作用に及ぼす影響 各種植物におけるメラニン様物質形成反応とその阻害について

    藤井 義晴, 西原 英治, Syuntaro Hiradate, 久保 伊佐夫

    雑草研究   ( 40 )   116 - 117   2001年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Effects of plant interaction with natural catechol like chemical substances as L-DOPA

  • イネのアレロパシーの検索と抑草作用の強い「阿波赤米」の検出

    藤井 義晴, 中谷 敬子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 猪谷 富雄

    雑草研究   46   120 - 121   2001年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Screening of Allelopathic activity and identification of "Awa-Akamai" (Traditional red rice) as the most promising cultivar

  • L-DOPA等の天然カテコール化合物が植物環相互作用に及ぼす影響 各種植物におけるメラニン様物質形成反応とその阻害について

    藤井 義晴, 西原 英治, Syuntaro Hiradate, 久保 伊佐夫

    雑草研究   46   116 - 117   2001年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Effects of plant interaction with natural catechol like chemical substances as L-DOPA

  • 53 イネのアレロパシーの検索と抑草作用の強い「阿波赤米」の検出

    藤井 義晴, 中谷 敬子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 猪谷 富雄

    雑草研究   ( 40 )   120 - 121   2001年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Screening of Allelopathic activity and identification of "Awa-Akamai" (Traditional red rice) as the most promising cultivar.

  • 現代土壌肥料学の断面(3)鉄欠乏イネ科植物から分泌されたムギネ酸による鉄溶解反応

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    農業および園芸   76 ( 3 )   407 - 414   2001年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • H208 沖縄本島産コシロモンドクガ性フェロモンの同定 トランスエポキシド(生理活性物質)

    若村 定男, 新垣 則雄, 山本 雅信, Syuntaro Hiradate, 安居 拓恵, 安田 哲也, 安藤 哲

    日本応用動物昆虫学会大会講演要旨   ( 45 )   147   2001年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 2-19 腐植酸および低分子有機酸共存下における13量体アルミニウムの安定性(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    山口 紀子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 溝口 勝

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 47 )   16   2001年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 2-18 土壌環境中におけるL-DOPAの化学形態および植物生育阻害活性の変化(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 47 )   15   2001年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • グレープフルーツ抽出物資材中の抗菌性物質、塩化ベンゼトニウム

    石井 英夫, Syuntaro Hiradate, Govindaraghavan Suresh, 杉山 知子, 山田 靖史

    講演要旨集   26   53   2001年2月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Antimicrobial activity of culture filtrate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RC-2 isolated from mulberry leaves 査読

    S. Yoshida, Syuntaro Hiradate, T. Tsukamoto, K. Hatakeda, A. Shirata

    Phytopathology   91 ( 2 )   181 - 187   2001年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A potential antagonist, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain RC-2, against Colletotrichum dematium, mulberry anthracnose fungus, was obtained from healthy mulberry leaves by in vitro and in vivo screening techniques. Application of culture filtrate of RC-2 inhibited disease on mulberry leaves, indicating that suppression was due to antifungal compounds in the filtrate. Development of mulberry anthracnose on mulberry leaves was inhibited only when the culture filtrate was applied before fungal inoculation, and it was not inhibited by application after inoculation. These results suggest that the antifungal compounds in the filtrate exhibit a preventive effect on the disease. Peptone significantly increased production of the antifungal compounds. The culture filtrate of RC-2 also inhibited the growth of several other phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, such as Rosellinia necatrix, Pyricularia oryzae, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, in vitro. From the culture filtrate of RC-2, seven kinds of antifungal compounds were isolated by high performance liquid chromatography analysis, and one of the compounds was determined as iturin A2, a cyclic peptide, by nuclear magnetic resonance and fast atom bombardment mass analysis.

    DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.2001.91.2.181

  • Speciation of hydroxyaluminosilicate and hydroxyaluminum ions as affected by the presence of montmorillonite Extraction experiment with potassium chloride and speciation by27Al-NMR 査読

    Satoru Taniguchi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Katsutoshi Sakurai

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   47 ( 2 )   333 - 343   2001年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The changes of Al species in the presence of montmorillonite (Mt) with aging were investigated using 27Al-nuclear magnetic resonance and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy after extraction with 1 mol L-1 KCl. Composition of the Al species in a hydroxyaluminosilicate (HAS) solution with a Si/Al molar ratio of 0.63 without Mt was not appreciably affected by 42 d of aging. In the absence of Mt, the concentration of Al13 ([Al04Al12(OH)24- H2O)12]7+) in the HAS solution with a Si/Al molar ratio of 0.09 and hydroxy-aluminum (HyA) solution decreased during 42 d of aging, suggesting that degradation (or polymerization) of Al13 took place upon aging. In the presence of Mt, Al13 was adsorbed onto Mt from the HyA and HAS(0.09) solutions. The adsorbed Al13 was partly recovered by 1 mol L-1 KCl from HyA- and HAS(0.09)Mt complexes after 42 d of aging, suggesting that at least a part of the adsorbed Al13 was exchangeable and the rest was considerably stabilized by adsorption onto Mt. The desorption ratios of Al from the HyA- and HAS(O.09)Mt complexes accounted for 25 to 30% and 6 to 8% of total Al adsorbed, respectively. The species of Al desorbed from these complexes consisted mainly of Al13 and AlNON. The AlNON was attributed to electrically asymmetric Al including HAS and/or polymer HyA ions.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2001.10408397

  • Posticlure A novel trans-epoxide as a sex pheromone component of the tussock moth, Orgyia postica (Walker) 査読

    Sadao Wakamura, Norio Arakaki, Masanobu Yamamoto, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hiroe Yasui, Tetsuya Yasuda, Tetsu Ando

    Tetrahedron Letters   42 ( 4 )   687 - 689   2001年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    A single EAG-active component was found in a pheromone extract from virgin females of the tussock moth, Orgyia postica. This compound named posticlure possesses a trans-epoxy ring and was identified as (6Z,9Z,11S,12S)-11,12-epoxyhenicosa-6,9-diene by means of GC-MS, 1H NMR and chiral HPLC analyses, and further chemical derivation followed by the GC-MS analysis. In a field test with the pheromone synthesized stereoselectivity, the male moths were specifically attracted to the (11S,12S)-isomer but not to the antipode.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)02038-4

  • Plant growth inhibitory activity of L-Canavanine and its mode of action 査読

    Naoko Nakajima, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Chemical Ecology   27 ( 1 )   19 - 31   2001年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    L-Canavanine is a nonprotein amino acid contained in jack bean [Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC] and shows a plant inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect was determined by an immersion test and a microdrop test that employed rice seedlings. L-Canavanine inhibited elongation of the second leaf sheath of rice seedlings more than other natural bioactive substances, such as salicylic acid and cinnamic acid. The modified microdrop test revealed that the mode of action of L-canavanine had no relation to gibberellin synthesis. In the microdrop test, the inhibitory effect of L-canavanine was decreased by simultaneous addition of L-arginine, an analog of L-canavanine. Free amino acid analysis of rice shoots clearly showed that L-canavanine induced an unusual accumulation of L-arginine. However, accumulation of L-arginine did not cause the inhibitory effect on plant growth. These results suggest that the mechanism of inhibition of L-canavanine is closely related to the inhibition of arginine metabolism.

    DOI: 10.1023/A:1005659714947

  • イネのアレロパシーの検索と抑草作用の強い「阿波赤米」の検出

    藤井 義晴, 中谷 敬子, 平舘 俊太郎, 猪谷 富雄

    雑草研究   46 ( 0 )   120 - 121   2001年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Screening of Allelopathic activity and identification of "Awa-Akamai" (Traditional red rice) as the most promising cultivar

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.46.Supplement_120

  • L-DOPA等の天然カテコール化合物が植物間相互作用に及ぼす影響-各種植物におけるメラニン様物質形成反応とその阻害について-

    藤井 義晴, 西原 英治, 平舘 俊太郎, 久保 伊佐夫

    雑草研究   46 ( 0 )   116 - 117   2001年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Effects of plant interaction with natural catechol like chemical substances as L-DOPA

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.46.Supplement_116

  • P33 13量体アルミニウムの生成および安定性におよぼす共存イオンの影響 (第44回粘土科学討論会発表論文抄録)

    山口 紀子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 溝口 勝

    粘土科学   40 ( 2 )   133   2000年11月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 他感物質

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    農業土木学会誌 = Journal of the Agricultural Engineering Society, Japan   68 ( 11 )   99 - 99   2000年11月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Allelochemicals

  • クワ炭疽病の発病抑制細菌株Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RC-2の生産する抗菌成分の単離および同定

    吉田 重信, Syuntaro Hiradate, 畑田 清隆, 白田 昭, 村上 理都子, 矢澤 盈男

    日本植物病理學會報   66 ( 2 )   174   2000年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Absolute configuration of 2-methoxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid as determined by the 1H NMR anisotropy method 査読

    Akio Ichikawa, Syuntaro Hiradate, Akinori Sugio, Shunsuke Kuwahara, Masataka Watanabe, Nobuyuki Harada

    Tetrahedron Asymmetry   11 ( 13 )   2669 - 2675   2000年7月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    2-Methoxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid 1 and 2-hydroxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid 2 were prepared by the Grignard reaction of 2-naphthylmagnesium bromide with (1R,2S,5R)-(-)-menthyl pyruvate. The absolute configurations of (+)-1 and (+)-2 were determined to be S by the 1H NMR anisotropy method. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0957-4166(00)00233-0

  • クレオメに含まれる他感作用の強い揮発性物質の同定 査読

    藤井義晴, 平館俊太郎, 中島直子, 中谷敬子, 松山稔, 下澤秀樹

    農業環境研究成果情報   16   27 - 28   2000年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    クレオメに含まれる他感作用の強い揮発性物質の同定

  • 土のコロイド現象の基礎と応用(その19) 土壌のイオン吸着反応 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 足立 泰久, コパル ルーク

    農業土木学会誌 = Journal of the Agricultural Engineering Society, Japan   68 ( 6 )   45 - 51   2000年6月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Fundamentals and Applications of Soil Colloid Science(19)

  • 33 クレオメの他感作用と作用物質メチルイソチオシアネートの同定

    藤井 義晴, 松山 稔, 下澤 秀樹, Syuntaro Hiradate, 中谷 敬子

    雑草研究   ( 39 )   78 - 79   2000年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Identification of methyl isothiocyanate as allelochemical of Spider Flower (Cleome spinosa).

  • 揮発性他感物質の検定法と作用成分の分析法の開発

    藤井 義晴, 松山 稔, Syuntaro Hiradate, 中谷 敬子

    雑草研究   45   80 - 81   2000年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Development of new bioassay for volatile allelochemicals

  • ニセアカシアのアレロパシーの検証と作用物質の分析

    諸岡 伸康, 久野 勝治, 前河 正昭, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   45   82 - 83   2000年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathy of black locust ; Assessment of allelopathic activity and isolation of the allelochemicals

  • クレオメの他感作用と作用物質メチルイソチオシアネートの同定

    藤井 義晴, 松山 稔, 下澤 秀樹, Syuntaro Hiradate, 中谷 敬子

    雑草研究   45   78 - 79   2000年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Identification of methyl isothiocyanate as allelochemical of Spider Flower (Cleome spinosa)

  • 35 ニセアカシアのアレロパシーの検証と作用物質の分析

    諸岡 伸康, 久野 勝治, 前河 正昭, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 39 )   82 - 83   2000年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathy of black locust

  • 34 揮発性他感物質の検定法と作用成分の分析法の開発

    藤井 義晴, 松山 稔, Syuntaro Hiradate, 中谷 敬子

    雑草研究   ( 39 )   80 - 81   2000年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Development of new bioassay for volatile allelochemicals

  • カラシナ(Brassica juncea Cross.)由来の揮発性物質による雑草の発芽抑制 査読

    草川 知行, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    千葉県農業試験場研究報告   ( 41 )   29 - 34   2000年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    カラシナから発生するAITCを利用して雑草防除を行うため,レタスおよび雑草種子の発芽抑制効果を明らかにした。1. 土壌50mLあたり濃度50mg/LのAITC水溶液20mL添加でレタスの発芽が抑制された。2. 土壌50mLあたりカラシナ生葉1g以上の混和量でレタスの発芽が抑制された。このときのAITC濃度は摩砕した生葉1gで24時間後に0.65mg/Lでピークとなった。40℃ではこれよりピークが早く現れ,高濃度が長時間維持された。3. アオビユでは,レタスと同程度の発芽抑制効果が認められたが,イヌビエでは十分な効果が得られなかった。

  • 9-25 ソバにおけるアルミニウム集積機構の解析(9.植物の無機栄養)

    馬 建鋒, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   46 ( 46 )   78   2000年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 21-14 植物由来揮発性物質によるアレロパシー活性の生物検定法(21.土壌改良資材)

    松山 稔, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 46 )   174   2000年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 2-17 δ^<13>C値による土壌有機物,腐植酸,フルボ酸の起源推定(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 中台 利枝, 進藤 晴夫, 米山 忠克

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   ( 46 )   14   2000年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Mucilage strongly binds aluminum but does not prevent roots from aluminum injury in Zea mays 査読

    Xiao Feng Li, Jian Feng Ma, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hideaki Matsumoto

    Physiologia Plantarum   108 ( 2 )   152 - 160   2000年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The possible role of mucilage in protecting roots from aluminum (Al) injury was investigated in Zea mays L. (cv. Golden Cross Bantam), focusing on binding of Al with mucilage and effects of mucilage on Al toxicity. Al was bound to mucilage after the treatment of roots with 10-50 μM Al for 1 h and 30 μm Al for 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. Using molecular sieve chromatography (Sephadex G-100), Al was co-eluted with a high molecular mass sugar and a low molecular mass sugar. The difficulty in desorbing Al from mucilage with organic acids confirmed the strong binding strength of Al by mucilage revealed by 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Al could not be desorbed completely by succinic, malic, oxalic and citric acid at a molar ratio of 1:1. It could only be completely removed by oxalic acid at a molar ratio of 20:1 (oxalate:Al). Bioassay experiments showed that cell viability and callose formation were unaffected by Al bound to mucilage. However, mucilage deprived roots had only 0.21-0.59 nmol apex-1 higher Al content than control roots after treatment with 30 μM Al for 1, 1.5 and 2 h. Moreover, inhibition of root elongation by 5 μM Al for 6, 12, 24 and 36 h was independent of the presence or absence of mucilage prior to the Al treatment. These results indicate that although mucilage affects the accumulation of Al by roots, it does not confer Al resistance to Z. mays root apices.

    DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2000.108002152.x

  • アロフェン, フェリハイドライト, 微粒炭, 活性炭の腐植酸吸着特性の比較 査読

    宇智田 奈津代, Syuntaro Hiradate, 井上 克弘

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   71 ( 1 )   1 - 8   2000年2月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    We conducted experiments for the humic acid adsorption by allophane, ferrihydrite, activated charcoal and micro charcoal to clarify the mechanisms involved in the accumulation of humic substances in Andisols. Adsorption envelopes indicated that: 1) the adsorption patterns of humic acid on these materials from equilibrium pH 4 to 6 showed that the amount of humic acid sorbed was the largest for allophane folowed by activated charcoal, ferrihydrite and micro charcoal; 2) there were many differences between activated charcoal and micro charcoal in regards to their humic acid adsorption properties; and 3) many researches indicated that the amount of active Al was much larger than that of micro charcoal in Andisols. From these results, we concluded that active Al plays an important role in the accumulation of humic substances in Andisols, as indicated by Kobo and Oba, Wada and Higashi, Shoji, and Inoue and Higashi.

    DOI: 10.20710/dojo.71.1_1

  • Dissolution of iron by mugineic acid from soils and comparison with DTPA soil test 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Katsuhiro Inoue

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   46 ( 3 )   673 - 681   2000年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Mugineic acid (MA), which is a multidentate phytosiderophore, is exuded to the rhizosphere by the roots of graminaceous plants (e.g. barley) growing under Fe-deficient conditions, resulting in the dissolution of Fe as a form of MA-Fe111 complex (MAFe). To clarify the effects of soil chemical properties on the amount of Fe dissolved by MA, an experiment to study the reaction of MA using 38 soil samples was conducted, and the concentrations of free MA (uncomplexed and non-adsorbed MA) and MAFe in solution and the amounts of MA adsorbed on the soils were determined after the reaction. Soil pH value was a good indicator to predict the behavior of MA in soils. A large proportion of added MA was adsorbed on soils or formed MAFe in solution in acidic soils, whereas it did not react with soils and occurred as free MA in alkaline soils. These features were in good agreement with the interaction of MA with Fe (hydr)oxides, as reported in previous papers. Other soil chemical properties, such as soil organic carbon (SOC) content and the amount of amorphous (hydr)oxide components, also affected the behavior of MA in the soils. The Fe dissolution ability of MA was compared with that of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) soil test. Although the amounts of extractable Fe were similar between the MA extraction and DTPA soil test, factors influencing the amount of Fe dissolved (formation constant with Fe111, reaction pH, rate constant, etc.) were different between both chelating compounds.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2000.10409132

  • Form of aluminium for uptake and translocation in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) 査読

    Jian Feng Ma, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Planta   211 ( 3 )   355 - 360   2000年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    The forms of Al for uptake by the roots and translocation from the root to the shoot were investigated in a buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, cv. Jianxi) that accumulates Al in its leaves. The Al concentration in the xylem sap was 15-fold higher in the plants exposed to AlCl3 than in those exposed to an Al-oxalate (1:3) complex, suggesting that the roots take up Al in the ionic form. The Al concentration in the xylem sap was 4-fold higher than that in the external solution after a 1-h exposure to AlCl3 solution and 10-fold higher after a 2-h exposure. The Al concentration in the xylem sap increased with increasing Al concentration in the external solution. The Al uptake was not affected by a respiratory inhibitor, hydroxylamine, but significantly inhibited by the addition of La. These results suggest that Al uptake by the root is a passive process, and La3+ competes for the binding sites for Al3+ on the plasma membrane. The form of Al in the xylem sap was identified by 27Al-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The chemical shift of 27Al in the xylem sap was around 10.9 ppm, which is consistent with that of the Al-citrate complex. Furthermore, the dominant organic acid in the xylem sap was citric acid, indicating that Al was translocated in the form of Al-citrate complex. Because Al is present as Al-oxalate (1:3) in the root, the present data show that ligand exchange from oxalate to citrate occurs before Al is released to xylem.

    DOI: 10.1007/s004250000292

  • Colletotrichum dematium produces phytotoxins in anthracnose lesions of mulberry leaves 査読

    S. Yoshida, Syuntaro Hiradate, Y. Fujii, A. Shirata

    Phytopathology   90 ( 3 )   285 - 291   2000年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Colletotrichum dematium, the causal agent of mulberry anthracnose, was examined to produce phytotoxins in vitro and in planta. Raw and autoclaved mulberry leaves infected with the fungus, as well as the fungus incubated with several solid or liquid media, were extracted with acetone. Extracts obtained from the fungus grown on raw and autoclaved mulberry leaves caused brown necrotic lesions on susceptible mulberry leaves when they were placed (10 μl) on the wounded adaxial surface. Whereas, no extracts obtained from media, except inoculated medium containing homogenized mulberry leaves, induced the necrosis, suggesting that the fungus produced phytotoxins in planta and that some components in mulberry leaves may be indispensable substrates for producing the toxins. The phytotoxins obtained from the diseased leaves induced necrosis on nonhost plants leaves as well as on mulberry leaves. The toxins were present in the border of anthracnose lesions on the leaves, and the sensitivity to the toxin correlated with that to the fungus infection in each susceptible or resistant mulberry cultivar. These results suggest that the phytotoxins are host nonspecific and play a role in fungal pathogenesis in the development of the lesions. Four toxic compounds were isolated and purified from anthracnose lesions. However, due to the low yield, the chemical structure of the compounds could not be identified.

  • 揮発性他感物質の検定法と作用成分の分析法の開発

    藤井 義晴, 松山 稔, 平舘 俊太郎, 中谷 敬子

    雑草研究   45 ( 0 )   80 - 81   2000年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Development of new bioassay for volatile allelochemicals

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.45.Supplement_80

  • 他感物質

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    農業土木学会誌 = Journal of the Agricultural Engineering Society, Japan   68 ( 11 )   1205 - 1205   2000年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelochemicals

    DOI: 10.11408/jjsidre1965.68.11_1205

  • ニセアカシアのアレロパシーの検証と作用物質の分析

    諸岡 伸康, 久野 勝治, 前河 正昭, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   45 ( 0 )   82 - 83   2000年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathy of black locust; Assessment of allelopathic activity and isolation of the allelochemicals

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.45.Supplement_82

  • クレオメの他感作用と作用物質メチルイソチオシアネートの同定

    藤井 義晴, 松山 稔, 下澤 秀樹, 平舘 俊太郎, 中谷 敬子

    雑草研究   45 ( 0 )   78 - 79   2000年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Identification of methyl isothiocyanate as allelochemical of Spider Flower (Cleome spinosa)

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.45.Supplement_78

  • P33 13量体アルミニウムの生成および安定性におよぼす共存イオンの影響

    山口 紀子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 溝口 勝

    粘土科学討論会発表論文抄録   44 ( 0 )   214 - 215   2000年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    DOI: 10.11362/cssj2.44.0_214

  • 土のコロイド現象の基礎と応用 (その19):土壌のイオン吸着反応 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 足立 泰久, コパル ルーク

    農業土木学会誌 = Journal of the Agricultural Engineering Society, Japan   68 ( 6 )   597 - 603,a2   2000年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    土壌中で起こる吸着反応のメカニズムには, イオン交換反応, 配位子交換反応, 疎水的相互作用など, いくっかのタイプが知られている。
    本講では, 土壌を構成しているコロイド成分ごとに, 想定される吸着反応メカニズムとその反応特性を解説する。また, これら吸着反応の解析例として,(1) 1pKモデルとStern-Gouy-Chapman (SGC) モデルを組合わせたSite Bindingモデル (1pK-SGCモデル) による表面水酸基の変異荷電発生のモデル,(2) 吸着表面の不均一性と吸着質の非理想的な挙動を配慮に入れたNICA (Non-ldeal Competitive Adsorption) モデルを紹介する。

    DOI: 10.11408/jjsidre1965.68.6_597

  • Three plant growth inhibiting saponins from Duranta repens 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Hiroshi Yada, Tadashi Ishii, Naoko Nakajima, Mayumi Ohnishi-Kameyama, Hajime Sugie, Siriporn Zungsontiporn, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Phytochemistry   52 ( 7 )   1223 - 1228   1999年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Three new triterpenoid-type saponins were isolated from leaves of Duranta repens using plant growth inhibiting activity against seedlings of Brassica juncea var. cernua as a guide for fractionation. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as polygalacic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosido- 28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3')-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(l → 4)-α-L- rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-L-arabinopyranoside] (durantanin I), polygalacic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosido-28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D- xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 3)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-L-arabinopyranoside] (durantanin II), and polygalacic acid-3-O-β-D- glucopyranosido-28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(l → 3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-L-arabinopyranoside] (durantanin III).

    DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00408-2

  • 山焼き後の炭化物を希硝酸処理して得られた腐植酸とA型土壌腐植酸の分光学的および物理化学的諸性質における類似性 査読

    進藤 晴夫, Syuntaro Hiradate, 本間 洋美

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   70 ( 6 )   769 - 774   1999年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    We compared the spectroscopic and physicochemical properties of the humic acids isolated from charred grassland plants after HNO_3 treatment (C-HA) and from the A horizon of Kuro- bokudo (S-HA). 1) The shapes of the absorption curves in the UV and visible regions of the C-HA and S-HA were featureless, and their humic acids belonged to the A-type. 2) The carbon and hydrogen contents of C-HA were almost the same as those of S-HA, while the nitrogen content of C-HA was much higher than that of S-HA and the oxygen content of C-HA was lower than that of S-HA. The atomic [O]/[C] and [O]/[H] ratios of C-HA were lower than those of S-HA. These analytical data of C-HA, except for the nitrogen content, fell within the ranges of those of A-type soil humic acids reported previously. 3) The ^<13>C-NMR spectra of C-HA and S-HA were similar to each other, and the values of their carbon species were in the order of aromatic-C ≫ carbonyl- C > carbohydrate-C≒aliphatic-C. The values of the aromatic-C and carbonyl-C were lower in C-HA than in S-HA. The reverse was true for carbohydrate-C and aliphatic-C. 4) The FT-IR spectrum of C-HA resembled that of S-HA. 5) The XRD patterns of C-HA and S-HA indicated that these humic acids had graphite-like structures.

    DOI: 10.20710/dojo.70.6_769

  • ヒガンバナの他感作用とその作用物質リコリンおよびクリニンの同定 査読

    藤井義晴, Zahida Iqbal, 平館俊太郎, 中島直子, 中谷敬子, 高橋道彦

    農業環境研究成果情報   15   31 - 32   1999年11月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ヒガンバナの他感作用とその作用物質リコリンおよびクリニンの同定

  • Absolute configuration of 2-hydroxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid as determined by the 1H NMR anisotropy method 査読

    Akio Ichikawa, Syuntaro Hiradate, Akinori Sugio, Shunsuke Kuwahara, Masataka Watanabe, Nobuyuki Harada

    Tetrahedron Asymmetry   10 ( 21 )   4075 - 4078   1999年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Enantiopure 2-hydroxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid (+)-2 was prepared by the stereoselective Grignard reaction of 1-naphthylmagnesium bromide with (1R,3R,4S)-menthyl pyruvate 3 or (1R,3R,4S)-8-phenylmenthyl pyruvate 4, and the absolute configuration of acid (+)-2 was unambiguously determined to be S by the 1H NMR anisotropy method.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0957-4166(99)00451-6

  • Biological activities of plant growth inhibitors from Duranta repens 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Naoko Nakajima, Siriporn Zungsontiporn, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Proceedings, Seventeenth Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference   1 ( B )   577 - 582   1999年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Biological activities of plant growth inhibitors from Duranta repens

  • Mode of action of a new plant growth inhibitor, Durantanin II. 査読

    Naoko Nakajima, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Proceedings, Seventeenth Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference   1 ( B )   614 - 618   1999年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Mode of action of a new plant growth inhibitor, Durantanin II.

  • 21 L-カナバニンによる植物生育阻害の作用機構について

    中嶋 直子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 38 )   60 - 61   1999年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Study on plant growth inhibitory effect of L-canavanine

  • ヒガンバナの他感作用と作用物質リコリン・クリニンの同定

    藤井 義晴, Zahida Iqbal, Syuntaro Hiradate, 中嶋 直子, 中谷 敬子, 高橋 道彦

    雑草研究   44   182 - 183   1999年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathy of Lycoris radiata

  • L-3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA)によるキュウリ幼植物の生育阻害作用の特性 査読

    中嶋 直子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   44 ( 2 )   132 - 138   1999年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    When cucumber seeds were sown on agar containing L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), the growth of cucumber seedlings was strongly inhibited by L-DOPA immediately after sowing. However, they recovered from the inhibitory effect of L-DOPA 12 days after sowing. Throughout the experimental period, blacking of agar was observed in the medium containing L-DOPA due to chemical alteration of L-DOPA in agar associated with a polymerization reaction. In the roots of cucumber seedlings treated with L-DOPA, accumulation of L-DOPA and free amino acids was observed compared with the control. Especially, the amount of tyrosine and phenylalanine with a similar chemical structure to that of L-DOPA increased remarkably. It was assumed that the increase was due to the metabolim of L-DOPA to other harmless amino acids. This transformation of L-DOPA could be one of the detoxification mechanisms responsible for the recovery from the inhibitory effects of L-DOPA.

  • 82 ヒガンバナの他感作用と作用物質リコリン・クリニンの同定

    藤井 義晴, Zahida Iqbal, Syuntaro Hiradate, 中嶋 直子, 中谷 敬子, 高橋 道彦

    雑草研究   ( 38 )   182 - 183   1999年8月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Allelopathy of Lycoris radiata

  • 根から分泌される有機酸と土壌の相互作用 土壌による吸着反応と有機酸による溶解反応

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    化学と生物   37 ( 7 )   454 - 459   1999年7月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Interaction between Soils and Organic Acids Secreted from Plant Roots-Adsorption Reactions by Soils and Dissolution Reactions by Organic Acids

  • 奨-3 ムギネ酸と土壌の相互作用(日本土壌肥料学会奨励賞)

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   45 ( 45 )   317 - 317   1999年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.45.0_317_1

  • ^<27>AI-,^<29>Si-NMRによるAIおよびSiの形態分析

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   45   299 - 299   1999年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.45.0_299

  • 4-6 ナノボールアロフェンの構造に対する決着 基本構造はSi/Al原子比0.5(4.土壌物理化学・鉱物)

    松枝 直人, Syuntaro Hiradate, 逸見 彰男

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   45 ( 45 )   30 - 30   1999年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.45.0_30_2

  • (34) クワ炭疽病病斑部から抽出される毒素の単離および病原性への役割 (平成11年度 日本植物病理学会大会)

    吉田 重信, Syuntaro Hiradate, 白田 昭, 藤井 義晴, 村上 理都子, 矢澤 盈男

    日本植物病理學會報   65 ( 3 )   329   1999年6月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Isolation of Toxins Extracted from Lesions of Mulberry Leaves Inoculated with Colletorichum dematium, and Role of the Toxins in Pathogenicity

  • Chemical species of Al in a gypsum-treated Kitakami Andosol Direct analysis of A1 adsorbed on cation exchange resin using 27Al NMR 査読

    Mitsuru Toma, Syuntaro Hiradate, Masahiko Saigusa

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   45 ( 2 )   279 - 285   1999年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To examine the possibility that the A113 polymer ([A1O4A112(OH)24(H2O)12]7+) could be formed in soils after gypsum application, an analytical method using a cation exchange resin and 27A1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was applied to gypsum-treated Kitakami Andosol (fine, mixed, mesic, Andic Dystrochrept). The NMR spectra of the cation exchange resins which retained artificially synthesized hydroxy-Al, showed two broad peaks at 0 and 63 ppm. These results indicated that monomer and/or dimer Al and A113 polymers adsorbed on the cation exchange resin could be detected with 27A1 NMR. The amount of polymer A1 increased by gypsum application in the Kitakami soil. The NMR spectrum of this resin showed only one peak at 0 ppm indicating that the polymer A1 formed in the gypsum treated Kitakami soil was not the A113 polymer.

  • L‐3,4‐Dihydroxyphenyla1anine(L‐DOPA)によるキュウリ幼植物の生育阻害作用の特性 査読

    中嶋 直子, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   44 ( 2 )   132 - 138   1999年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    When cucumber seeds were sown on agar containing L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), the growth of cucumber seedlings was strongly inhibited by L-DOPA immediately after sowing. However, they recovered from the inhibitory effect of L-DOPA 12 days after sowing. Throughout the experimental period, blacking of agar was observed in the medium containing L-DOPA due to chemical alteration of L-DOPA in agar associated with a polymerization reaction. In the roots of cucumber seedlings treated with L-DOPA, accumulation of L-DOPA and free amino acids was observed compared with the control. Especially, the amount of tyrosine and phenylalanine with a similar chemical structure to that of L-DOPA increased remarkably.
    It was assumed that the increase was due to the metabolim of L-DOPA to other harmless amino acids. This transformation of L-DOPA could be one of the detoxification mechanisms responsible for the recovery from the inhibitory effects of L-DOPA.

    DOI: 10.3719/weed.44.132

  • 根から分泌される有機酸と土壌の相互作用  土壌による吸着反応と有機酸による溶解反応:土壌による吸着反応と有機酸による溶解反応 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    化学と生物   37 ( 7 )   454 - 459   1999年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Interaction between Soils and Organic Acids Secreted from Plant Roots. Adsorption Reactions by Soils and Dissolution Reactions by Organic Acids.:Adsorption Reactions by Soils and Dissolution Reactions by Organic Acids

    DOI: 10.1271/kagakutoseibutsu1962.37.454

  • A7.P43. 固体高分子能NMRによるアロフェンの微細構造 (第42回粘土科学討論会発表論文抄録)

    松枝 直人, Syuntaro Hiradate, 逸見 彰男

    粘土科学   38 ( 2 )   118   1998年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 東北日本の雨水中の硫酸イオンとカルシウムイオン濃度の季節変動, 起源および広域風成塵降下量との関係 査読

    井上 克弘, 濱浦 尚生, Syuntaro Hiradate, 葛西 攻

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌 = Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition   69 ( 5 )   445 - 456   1998年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Five snow samples collected on Mt. Hachimantai (1400 m a. s. l. ) in the months of May and June from 1991 to 1996 contained significant amounts of eolian dust. Fifty-four rainwater samples were collected at Morioka from Jan. 17, 1992 to Apr. 27, 1994 and at Fukaura from Sept. 28, 1992 to Feb. 3, 1995 ; areas located in Northeast Japan. The pH values, concentration of chemical components, and amount of eolian dust in the rainwater samples were determined. Fifteen percent and 27&#37; of the rainwater samples from Morioka and Fukaura, respectively, were acid rain. About 76 and 57&#37; of the inorganic dust deposits in the rainwater samples from Morioka and Fukaura, respectively, were dominated by a <20 μm fraction and their depositions were marked from winter to spring, suggesting a strong influence of Asian long-range eolian dust. The annual deposition of nssSO_4^<2-> and nssCa^<2+> in rainwater was 4.5 and 4.0 meq m^<-2> in Morioka and 6.2 and 7.1 meq m^<-2> in Fukaura, respectively. The chemical compositions of eolian dust deposits in the rainwater samples were compared with Chinese loess and Hachimantai eolian dust in snow deposits. These deposits were characterized by almost the same chemical, physical and mineralogical properties. Sulfate in the Morioka rainwater is transported from China. In addition, the relatively low E factors of SO_4^<2-> of Japanese rainwater samples were partially influenced by sea salt, especially in the winter season. A significant correlation between the amounts of nssSO_4^<2-> and nssCa^<2+> of eolian dust deposits in rainwater samples suggests that nssSO_4^<2-> and most of the nssCa^<2+> and nssK^+ were dissolved from Asian long-range eolian dust contained in the rainwater samples. The annual deposition of nssSO_4^<2-> and nssCa^<2+> in Northeast Japan was 1.5 to 2 times higher for nssSO_4^<2-> and 3 to 5 times higher for nssCa^<2+> than that in Southwest Japan. The present results suggest that the rainwater samples in Northeast Japan are strongly influenced by Asian long-range eolian dust.

  • 植物生育阻害活性を持った三種類の新規物質の化学構造と生物活性 査読

    平館俊太郎, 中島直子, 箭田浩士, 藤井義晴

    農業環境研究成果情報   14   37 - 38   1998年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    植物生育阻害活性を持った三種類の新規物質の化学構造と生物活性

  • 寒天を利用した「サンドイッチ法」による植物の葉から出る他感物質の検定 査読

    藤井義晴, 中谷敬子, 平館俊太郎

    農業環境研究成果情報   14   35 - 36   1998年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    寒天を利用した「サンドイッチ法」による植物の葉から出る他感物質の検定

  • タイワンレンギョウ由来の新規生理活性サポニンの作用機構について

    中嶋 直子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    日本植物学会大会研究発表記録 = Proceedings of the annual meeting of the Botanical Society of Japan   62   199   1998年9月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 2-14 遺跡から出土する炭化米の生成機構に関する予備研究 炭化米のFTIR・NMR分光特性(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    溝口 勝, 奥野 倫太郎, 橋本 篤, 亀岡 孝治, 蔭山 誠一, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   44 ( 44 )   12 - 12   1998年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.44.0_12_2

  • 抑草活性をもつ天然生理活性物質の探索 他感作用候補物質から

    中嶋 直子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   43   188 - 189   1998年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Screening of natural biologically active substances with plant growth inhibitory effects

  • 9-21 ソバにおけるアルミニウムストレスの抵抗性機構 アルミニウム存在形態の同定(9.植物の無機栄養)

    馬 建鋒, Syuntaro Hiradate, 松本 英明

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   44 ( 44 )   75 - 75   1998年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.44.0_75_1

  • 83 抑草活性をもつ天然生理活性物質の探索 他感作用候補物質から

    中嶋 直子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 37 )   188 - 189   1998年3月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Screening of natural biologically active substances with plant growth inhibitory effects-Evaluation of candidates of allelochemicals

  • 4-15 活性Al(Fe)及び燃焼炭による腐植物質の吸着特性の比較(4.土壌物理化学・鉱物)

    宇智田 奈津代, Syuntaro Hiradate, 井上 克弘

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   44 ( 44 )   28 - 28   1998年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.44.0_28_1

  • 4-1 SiおよびAlの化学状態変化から見た火山ガラスからアロフェンへの風化過程(4.土壌物理化学・鉱物)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 和田 信一郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   44 ( 44 )   21 - 21   1998年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 2-3 石膏を施用した土壌中のAlの形態 カチオン交換樹脂および^<27>AlNMRを用いた形態分析(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    藤間 充, Syuntaro Hiradate, 三枝 正彦

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   44 ( 44 )   7 - 7   1998年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.44.0_7_1

  • Aluminum speciation in aluminum-silica solutions and potassium chloride extracts of acidic soils 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Satoru Taniguchi, Katsutoshi Sakurai

    Soil Science Society of America Journal   62 ( 3 )   630 - 636   1998年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    To differentiate chemical species of Al in soil solutions, a method using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was applied to laboratory preparations of hydroxyaluminum (HyA) and hydroxyaluminosilicate (HAS) ions ([OH]/[Al] = 2.0), and 1 M KCl extracts from acidic soils. The Al in a Al-OH-Si(OH)4 mixture was separated into three fractions: Al13 ([AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12]7+), Al(SYM), and Al(NON). The Al13 and Al(SYM) were quantitatively determined by 27Al-NMR at 63 and 0 ppm, respectively. The Al(NON) was defined as the Al that cannot be determined by 27Al-NMR. The Al(SYM) was attributed to electrically symmetric octahedral Al including monomer (and dimer) HyA ions, and the Al(NON) was attributed to electrically asymmetric Al including HAS and polymer HyA ions. The concentrations of Al13 decreased with increasing Si/Al molar ratio of the mixed solutions, and Al13 was not detected at Si/Al ≤ 0.28. With increasing Si/Al molar ratio, the concentration of Al(SYM) increased slightly, while Al(NON) increased significantly. In the KCl extracts from soils, the Al13 was not detected at all. This result suggests that Al13 is not formed in these soils, or that the persistence of Al13 in the soil solution is strongly inhibited by adsorption or precipitation reactions. The presence of organically complexed Al (Al(ORG)) was also directly detected in KCl extracts from upper horizons by 27Al-NMR spectra. The chemical shift of resonance peak of Al(ORG) was close to that of the 1:1 complex of Al oxalate. On average, 92 and 96% of the KCl-exchangeable Al existed as Al(SYM) and Al(SYM) plus Al(ORG), respectively.

    DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200030012x

  • Retention of phosphate by hydroxyaluminosilicate- and hydroxyaluminum-montmorillonite complexes 査読

    U. K. Saha, Syuntaro Hiradate, K. Inoue

    Soil Science Society of America Journal   62 ( 4 )   922 - 929   1998年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Hydroxyaluminosilicate (HAS) ions were prepared from solutions containing hydroxyaluminum (HyA) ions and orthosilicic acids at an Al concentration of ≈4 mM; Si/Al molar ratios of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0; and NaOH/Al molar ratios of 1.0, 2.0, and 2.5. Phosphate retention behavior of montmorillonite (Mt) carrying nonexchangeably adsorbed HyA, HAS ions, or both (HyA/HAS-Mt complexes) was studied at equilibrating solution pH of ≈5.0. The HyA/HAS-Mt complexes showed larger phosphate retention capacities than untreated Mt. Retention of phosphate by these complexes at 0.5 to 50 mM initial P concentrations decreased with increasing NaOH/Al and Si/Al ratios of the hydroxy materials adsorbed on Mt. Phosphate, probably retained initially through surface complexation and ligand exchange reactions principally with OH or OH2 groups, coordinated with Al atoms at the broken edges of HyA or HAS polymers adsorbed on the external planar surfaces and in the interlayer spaces of Mt. This was followed by expulsion of the phosphated hydroxy materials from the Mt interlayers to the ambient solution, and finally, precipitation as amorphous Al-phosphate solid phases. Results of this study thus merit attention in P-fertility management as well as indicate a probable P-induced weathering process in acidic nonallophanic Andisols and in Red-Yellow soils (Hapludalfs and Hapludults) with a predominance of hydroxy-interlayered minerals.

    DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200040011x

  • Interaction of mugineic acid with iron (hydr)oxides Sulfate and phosphate influences 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, K. Inoue

    Soil Science Society of America Journal   62 ( 1 )   159 - 165   1998年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Interactions of 100 μmol L-1 mugineic acid (MA) with synthetically produced Fe (hydr)oxides (goethite, hematite, lepidocrocite, and ferrihydrite) as influenced by 100 mmol L-1 SO4 2- and phosphate were studied at equilibrium in the pH range from 3 to 11. In the presence of SO4 2-, the concentrations of total MA [i.e., free MA+Fe(III)-MA complexes] and Fe(III) dissolved by MA in the filtrates were higher than those in the presence of 100 mmol L-1 Cl- at pH<7. Sulfate increased the formation of Fe(III)-MA complexes indirectly by reducing the adsorption of MA and Fe(III)-MA by the Fe (hydr)oxides. The adsorption of MA by the Fe (hydr)oxides and consequently the MA-promoted dissolution of Fe(III) from ferrihydrite and lepidocrocite were greatly inhibited by the adsorption of phosphate. The slight dissolution of Fe(III) between pH 5 and 9 is partly attributed to the formation of soluble Fe(III)-phosphate complexes. Although MA does not react directly with Fe (hydr)oxides in the presence of excess phosphate, MA would promote the dissolution reaction of Fe(III) by phosphate. The sequence of adsorption affinity for the Fe (hydr)oxides was found to be: phosphate≫MA>Fe(III)-MA, SO4 2->Cl-. Our results suggest that SO4 2- and especially phosphate applied as fertilizers may inhibit the MA-promoted dissolution of Fe(III) from Fe (hydr)oxides in soils mainly by displacement of MA from the surface of Fe (hydr)oxides.

    DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200010021x

  • High aluminum resistance in buckwheat II. oxalic acid detoxifies aluminum internally 査読

    Jian Feng Ma, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hideaki Matsumoto

    Plant Physiology   117 ( 3 )   753 - 759   1998年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. cv Jianxi), which shows high Al resistance, accumulates Al in the leaves. The internal detoxification mechanism was studied by purifying and identifying Al complexes in the leaves and roots. About 90% of Al accumulated in the leaves was found in the cell sap, in which the dominant organic acid was oxalic acid. Purification of the Al complex in the cell sap of leaves by molecular-sieve chromatography resulted in a complex with a ratio of Al to oxalic acid of 1:3. A 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance study of the purified cell sap revealed only one signal at a chemical shift 164.4 ppm, which was assigned to the Al-chelated carboxylic group of oxalic acid. A 27Al-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed one major signal at the chemical shift of 16.0 to 17.0 ppm, with a minor signal at the chemical shift of 11.0 to 12 ppm in both the intact roots and their cell sap, which is consistent with the Al-oxalate complexes at 1:3 and 1:2 ratios, respectively. The purified cell sap was not phytotoxic to root elongation in corn (Zea mays). All of these results indicate that Al tolerance in the roots and leaves of buckwheat is achieved by the formation of a nonphytotoxic Al-oxalate (1:3) complex.

    DOI: 10.1104/pp.117.3.753

  • Dissolution of iron from iron (Hydr)Oxides by mugineic acid 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Katsuhiro Inoue

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   44 ( 3 )   305 - 313   1998年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Mugineic acid (MA; (2S, 2′S, 3′S, 3″S)-N-[3-carboxy-3-(3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl]-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid), a multidentate complexing agent, is exuded by the roots of graminaceous plants (e.g. barley) growing under Fe-deficient conditions. The nature of the interactions of MA with Fe (hydr)oxide minerals in soils is thus of considerable practical importance. To examine the availability of MA in dissolving Fe (hydr) oxides, we investigated the amounts of Fe dissolved from 24 samples of Fe (hydr)oxides by 100 μM MA (FeMA) and 200 mM NH4-oxalate (Feo). The Feo values were much larger than the FeMA ones, though the crystallinity of the Fe (hydr)oxides was a significant factor. For Fe (hydr)oxides consisting of goethite, hematite, ferrihydrite, and their mixture, FeMA increased with the increase of Feo, indicating that FeMA would be correlated with FeD, that is the amount of short-range ordered Fe minerals including ferrihydrite. For goethite, hematite, magnetite, maghemite, and lepidocrocite with a high crystallinity, MA was relatively ineffective in dissolving Fe, although a part of crystalline magnetite, maghemite, and lepidocrocite could be dissolved by NH4-oxalate. For soils containing significant amounts of magnetite, maghemite, lepidocrocite, it is unlikely therefore that Feo would be a useful indicator of plant-available Fe.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.1998.10414453

  • A7 固体高分解能NMRによるアロフェンの微細構造

    松枝 直人, Syuntaro Hiradate, 逸見 彰男

    粘土科学討論会発表論文抄録   42 ( 0 )   46 - 47   1998年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    DOI: 10.11362/cssj2.42.0_46

  • Detoxifying aluminium with buckwheat [12] 査読

    Feng Ma Jian Feng Ma, Jian Zheng Shao Jian Zheng, H. Matsumoto, Syuntaro Hiradate

    Nature   390 ( 6660 )   569 - 570   1997年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 第44回ペドロジスト野外巡検に参加して

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    ペドロジスト   41 ( 1 )   55 - 56   1997年6月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 60 L-DOPAが植物の生育に及ぼす作用 糖代謝、アミノ酸組織に及ぼす影響

    中嶋 直子, 中谷 敬子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   ( 36 )   130 - 131   1997年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Mode of action of L-DOPA on plant growth

  • Internal detoxification mechanism of Al in hydrangea - Identification of Al form in the leaves 査読

    JF Ma, S Hiradate, K Nomoto, T Iwashita, H Matsumoto

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   113 ( 4 )   1033 - 1039   1997年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    An internal detoxification mechanism for Al was investigated in an Al-accumulating plant, hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla), focusing on Al forms present in the cells. The leaves of hydrangea contained as much as 15.7 mmol Al kg(-1) fresh weight, and more than two-thirds of the Al was found in the cell sap. Using Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance, the dominant peak of Al was observed at a chemical shift of 11 to 12 parts per million in both intact leaves and the extracted cell sap, which is in good accordance with the chemical shift for the 1:1 Al-citrate complex. Purification of cell sap by molecular sieve chromatography (Sephadex G-10) combined with ion-exclusion chromatography indicated that Al in fractions with the same retention time as citric acid contributed to the observed Al-27 peak in the intact leaves. The molar ratio of Al to citric acid in the crude and purified cell sap approximated 1. The structure of the ligand chelated with Al was identified to be citric acid. Bioassay experiments showed that the purified Al complex from the cell sap did not inhibit root elongation of corn (Zea mays L.) and the viability of cells on the root tip surface was also not affected. These observations indicate that Al is bound to citric acid in the cells of hydrangea leaves.

  • L-DOPA が植物の生育に及ぼす作用 糖代謝、アミノ酸組成に及ぼす影響

    中嶋 直子, 中谷 敬子, Syuntaro Hiradate, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   42   130 - 131   1997年4月

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Mode of action of L-DOPA on plan growth

  • 4-10 火山灰土壌の構成成分による2,4-Dの吸着反応(4.土壌鉱物)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 牧野 知之, 宇智田 奈津代, 坂上 寛一

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   43 ( 43 )   25 - 25   1997年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.43.0_25_2

  • キク花弁に存在する新色素、シアニジン3-3", 6"-ジマロニルグルコサイドの同定

    中山 真義, 腰岡 政二, 柴田 道夫, Syuntaro Hiradate, 杉江 元, 山口 雅篤

    園芸学会雑誌. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表   66 ( 1 )   416 - 417   1997年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

  • 9-28 アルミニウム集積植物ハイドランジアにおけるAlストレス耐性機構(9.植物の無機栄養)

    馬 建鋒, Syuntaro Hiradate, 松本 英明

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   43 ( 43 )   85 - 85   1997年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.43.0_85_2

  • Identification of Cyanidin 3-O-(3″,6″-O-Dimalonyl-β-glucopyranoside) as a Flower Pigment of Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum) 査読

    Masayoshi Nakayama, Masaji Koshioka, Michio Shibata, Syuntaro Hiradate, Hajime Sugie, Masaatsu Yamaguchi

    Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry   61 ( 9 )   1607 - 1608   1997年1月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    It had been suggested that cyanidin 3-O-(6″-O-monomalonyl-β-glucopyranoside) and another unknown compound occur as major pigments in the purplish-red flower of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum). We determined the structure of the unknown compound as cyanidin 3-O-(3″,6″-O-dimalonyl-β-glucopyranoside) by FAB-MS and 1H-NMR. This is the first report of the identification of the cyanidin 3-dimalonyl glucoside as a flower pigment.

    DOI: 10.1271/bbb.61.1607

  • ナガボノウルシ(Sphenoclea zeylanica)に含まれる植物生長阻害物質 査読

    浅川征男, 藤井義晴, 平舘俊太郎, 中谷敬子, Chaum Premasthira, 原田二郎, 佐野禎哉, 平井伸博, 大東 肇

    農業環境技術研究所年報(平成7年度)   13   75 - 78   1997年1月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    ナガボノウルシ(Sphenoclea zeylanica)に含まれる植物生長阻害物質

  • Internal detoxification mechanism of Al in hydrangea Identification of Al form in the leaves 査読

    Jian Feng Ma, Syuntaro Hiradate, Kyosuke Nomoto, Takasi Iwashita, Hideaki Matsumoto

    Plant Physiology   113 ( 4 )   1033 - 1039   1997年1月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    An internal detoxification mechanism for Al was investigated in an Al-accumulating plant, hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla), focusing on Al forms present in the cells. The leaves of hydrangea contained as much as 15.7 mmol Al kg-1 fresh weight, and more than two-thirds of the Al was found in the cell sap. Using 27Al-nuclear magnetic resonance, the dominant peak of Al was observed at a chemical shift of 11 to 12 parts per million in both intact leaves and the extracted cell sap, which is in good accordance with the chemical shift for the 1:1 Al-citrate complex. Purification of cell sap by molecular sieve chromatography (Sephadex G-10) combined with ion-exclusion chromatography indicated that Al in fractions with the same retention time as citric acid contributed to the observed 27Al peak in the intact leaves. The molar ratio of Al to citric acid in the crude and purified cell sap approximated 1. The structure of the ligand chelated with Al was identified to be citric acid. Bioassay experiments showed that the purified Al complex from the cell sap did not inhibit root elongation of corn (Zea mays L) and the viability of cells on the root tip surface was also not affected. These observations indicate that Al is bound to citric acid in the cells of hydrangea leaves.

    DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.4.1033

  • (15) カラシナから生じる揮発性物質のホウレンソウ萎ちょう病菌 (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae) に対する生育抑制・殺菌効果 (関東部会)

    竹原 利明, 萩原 廣, 藤井 義晴, Syuntaro Hiradate, 長井 克将

    日本植物病理學會報   62 ( 6 )   609   1996年12月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    Growth Inhibition and Fungicidal Activity of Volatile Compound from Brassica juncea on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae

  • Determination of mugineic acid, 2'-deoxymugineic acid, 3-hydroxymugineic acid, and their iron complexes by ion-pair HPLC and colorimetric procedures 査読

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Katsuhiro Inoue

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   42 ( 3 )   659 - 665   1996年9月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • ナガボノウルシ(Sphennoclea zeylanica)に含まれる新規植物生長阻害物質 査読

    浅川征男, Cha-um Premasthira, 原田二郎, 平舘俊太郎, 佐野禎哉, 大東肇, 藤井義晴

    農業環境研究成果情報   12   33 - 34   1996年9月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    ナガボノウルシ(Sphennoclea zeylanica)に含まれる新規植物生長阻害物質

  • 13-24 鳥海山麓白雪川水系の水質と水田土壌の特性(13.土壌生成・分類)

    杉澤 崇人, 五日市 由美, 神賀 郷子, 井上 克弘, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   42 ( 42 )   136 - 136   1996年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.42.0_136_2

  • 4-3 合成ヒドロキシケイ酸アルミニウム-モンモリロナイト複合体の特性 : ^<27>Al-NMRとICPによる層間に固定されるAlのイオン種の同定(4.土壌鉱物)

    谷口 悟, Syuntaro Hiradate, 櫻井 克年

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   42 ( 42 )   23 - 23   1996年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.42.0_23_1

  • 4-13 各形態のアルミニウム・鉄とリン酸の反応について(4.土壌鉱物)

    宇智田 奈津代, Syuntaro Hiradate, 坂上 寛一

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   42 ( 42 )   28 - 28   1996年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.42.0_28_1

  • 各種作物の連作により黒ボク土に蓄積する植物生育抑制作用

    林哲央 , Syuntaro Hiradate, 小山田 善三

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   42   97   1996年

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

  • 4-3 合成ヒドロキシケイ酸アルミニウム水溶液および土壌抽出液の^<27>Al-NMRスペクトル(4.土壌鉱物)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 谷口 悟, 櫻井 克年

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   41 ( 41 )   28 - 28   1995年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.41.0_28_1

  • 4-4 合成ヒドロキシケイ酸アルミニウム-モンモリロナイト複合体の特性 層間に固定されるAlの^<27>Al-NMRによるイオン種の同定(4.土壌鉱物)

    谷口 悟, Syuntaro Hiradate, 櫻井 克年

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   41 ( 41 )   28 - 28   1995年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.41.0_28_2

  • 35 ナガボノウルシおよびナガボソウに含まれる植物生育阻害物質

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Premasthira Cha-um, 浅川 征男, 原田 二郎

    雑草研究   ( 33 )   92 - 93   1994年4月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

  • 3-15 ムギネ酸と鉄-腐植複合体の相互作用(3.土壌鉱物および膠質複合体)

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   40 ( 40 )   28 - 28   1994年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.40.0_28_1

  • 8-2 堆肥連用ほ場におけるレタスの生育と品質(8. 畑・草地および園地土壌の肥沃度)

    保科 次雄, Syuntaro Hiradate, 伊藤 秀和, 山崎 浩道

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   39 ( 39 )   106 - 106   1993年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.39.0_106_2

  • 3-8 ムギネ酸と合成鉄鉱物の相互作用 リン酸イオンと硫酸イオンの影響(3. 土壌鉱物および膠質複合体)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 井上 克弘

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   38 ( 38 )   25 - 25   1992年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.38.0_25_2

  • P10.リン酸による合成鉄鉱物の溶解(第36回粘土科学討論会発表論文抄録)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 井上 克弘

    粘土科学   32 ( 4 )   286   1992年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 3-9 ムギネ酸とアルミノケイ酸塩粘土・ギブサイトの相互作用(3. 土壌鉱物および膠質複合体)

    井上 克弘, Syuntaro Hiradate

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   38 ( 38 )   26 - 26   1992年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.38.0_26_1

  • P10 リン酸による合成鉄鉱物の溶解

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 井上 克弘

    粘土科学討論会発表論文抄録   36 ( 0 )   108 - 109   1992年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    DOI: 10.11362/cssj2.36.0_108

  • 3-10 ムギネ酸と合成鉄鉱物の相互作用(3. 土壌鉱物および膠質複合体)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 高城 成一, 井上 克弘

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   37 ( 37 )   24 - 24   1991年3月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.37.0_24_2

  • P20.ムギネ酸と合成鉄鉱物の相互作用 吸着機構と溶解機構(第35回粘土科学討論会発表論文抄録)

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 井上 克弘

    粘土科学   31 ( 4 )   253   1991年2月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語  

  • P20 ムギネ酸と合成鉄鉱物の相互作用 吸着機構と溶解機構

    Syuntaro Hiradate, 井上 克弘

    粘土科学討論会発表論文抄録   35 ( 0 )   122 - 123   1991年

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    記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

    DOI: 10.11362/cssj2.35.0_122

▼全件表示

書籍等出版物

  • 土壌学

    妹尾, 啓史, 早津, 雅仁, @平舘, 俊太郎, 和穎, 朗太(担当:共著)

    朝倉書店  2024年2月 

     詳細を見る

    担当ページ:総ページ数:xi, 348p   記述言語:日本語   著書種別:学術書

    土壌学に関わる最新の知見を、基礎的・理論的背景とともに、大学学部生および大学院生向けの教科書としてとりまとめた。他の研究者とともに著者および編集者として貢献した。

  • Aluminum in soils

    @Syuntaro Hiradate(担当:単著)

    Elsevier  2023年8月 

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:英語   著書種別:学術書

    Soil aluminum (Al) fractions are reviewed in relation to their representative constituents, characteristics, and their extractants. For the Al species in soil solution, the formation constants of Al with ligands, including OH− (hydroxyl ion), F− (fluoride ion), phosphate ions, and organic ligands, are summarized. For the Al species in soil solids, the dissolution constants of Al-containing minerals are also summarized, and dissolution diagrams based on the constants are shown to explain a general method to identify soil components responsible for controlling Al concentration in soil solution. In addition, technical problems on Al speciation in soil environments are referred to with possible clues for improvement in future research.

    DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822974-3.00159-2

  • 改訂土壌学概論

    平舘俊太郎(分担執筆), 犬伏和之, 白鳥豊 編(担当:共著)

    朝倉書店  2020年10月 

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語   著書種別:学術書

  • 森林と土壌 (森林科学シリーズ)

    柴田 英昭 (編集)(担当:共著)

    共立出版  2018年3月 

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語   著書種別:学術書

  • リン肥料 りん酸質肥料の効果

    大竹久夫, 小野寺真一, 黒田章夫, 佐竹研一, 杉山 茂, 竹谷 豊, 橋本光史, 三島慎一郎, 村上孝雄(編)(担当:共著)

    朝倉書店  2017年11月 

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:日本語   著書種別:学術書

講演・口頭発表等

  • Optimization of soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) extraction from a non-allophanic Andosol with long-term fertilization 国際会議

    #Xiaodong Chen, @Eri Yamakita, @Yuki Mori, Anna Gunina, @Syuntaro Hiradate

    2023 The 10th EAFES International Congress  2023年7月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2023年7月

    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:大韓民国  

  • 水分変動増大が土壌微生物に及ぼす影響:国内6ヶ所10土壌による検証

    鈴木 優里, 永野 博彦, @平舘 俊太郎, 安藤 麻里子, 阿部有希子, 中山理智, 小嵐 淳

    日本農業気象学会関東甲信越支部例会一般講演要旨集  2024年3月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2024年3月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 小笠原諸島の土壌中に供給された海鳥由来リンの動態解析

    #近藤大地, @森 裕樹,@ 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会九州支部例会講演要旨集  2023年12月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2023年12月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • メタン発酵消化液を原料とした濃縮液肥の化学組成および形態分析

    @森 裕樹, @矢部光保, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会九州支部例会講演要旨集  2023年12月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2023年12月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • リン酸イオンとプロトンがアロフェンの化学構造に及ぼす影響の定量的評価

    #山本陽香, @森 裕樹, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会九州支部例会講演要旨集  2023年12月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2023年12月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 可給態窒素の給源としての土壌有機物の化学構造およびその窒素安定同位体比の特徴

    #平山日奈子, @仙田量子, @森 裕樹, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会九州支部例会講演要旨集  2023年12月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2023年12月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 外来植物コセンダングサと在来植物オミナエシ・キキョウの生育と土壌特性の関係

    #池田卓弥, @森 裕樹, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会九州支部例会講演要旨集  2023年12月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2023年12月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • Soil Microbial Fluctuation and CO₂ Release Increase under Dry-Wet Cycles 国際会議

    Yuri Suzuki, Hirohiko Nagano, @Syuntaro Hiradate, Mariko Atarashi-Andoh, Yukiko Abe, Jun Koarashi, Masataka Nakayama

    AGU Fall Meeting  2023年12月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2023年12月

    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:アメリカ合衆国  

  • Exploring predictors for the increase in soil CO2 release by dry-wet cycles 国際会議

    Hirohiko Nagano, Yuri Suzuki, @Syuntaro Hiradate, Mariko Atarashi-Andoh, Jun Koarashi

    AGU Fall Meeting  2023年12月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2023年12月

    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:アメリカ合衆国  

  • Sulfur enhaces aluminum tolerance in Fimbristylis tashiroana Ohwi growing in solfatara fields 国際会議

    Kaito Sotojima, Hayato Maruyama, Jun Wasaki, Takuya Koyama, @Syuntaro Hiradate, Takuro Shinano, Toshihiro Watanabe

    Taiwan-Japan Plant Biology  2023年10月 

     詳細を見る

    開催年月日: 2023年10月

    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:台湾  

  • ポリスチレンマイクロプラスチックの粒径がアントラセンの吸着に及ぼす影響

    #徳永美遥, @高井優生, @島崎洋平, @平舘俊太郎, @大嶋雄治

    令和5年度 日本水産学会秋季大会講演要旨集  2023年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 非アロフェン質黒ボク土への窒素添加は土壌呼吸を抑制するが溶存有機炭素の放出を促進する

    #陳 暁東, @山北絵理, @森裕樹, Anna Gunina, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2023年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年9月

    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

    Input of nitrogen suppresses soil respiration but promotes dissolved organic carbon release in a non-allophanic Andosol

  • 土壌中各種リン化合物の植物による利用性の評価

    #山元夕衣乃, @森 裕樹, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2023年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 土壌表面におけるクラスト生成におよぼす粘土含量の影響

    #牛島 彗, #石原大輝, #斎藤星花, @山北絵里, @森 裕樹, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2023年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 安定同位体比分析に基づいた北硫黄島森林生態系における窒素動態の特徴づけ

    #大村泰貴, @森裕樹, @仙田量子, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2023年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 水分変動増大がもたらす表層土壌の二酸化炭素放出増大:火山灰土壌と非火山灰土壌

    永野 博彦, 鈴木 優里, @平舘 俊太郎, 安藤 麻里子, 小嵐 淳

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2023年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 示差熱・熱重量同時測定による土壌中炭化物の存在の確認

    #吉岡優希, @森 裕樹, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2023年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 窒素安定同位体比分析を用いた黒ボク土と褐色森林土の土壌有機物代謝過程の比較

    @山北絵理, #Deng Xinping・#Jithya, Nawodi Wijesinghe, @仙田量子, 小嵐 淳, 石塚成宏, @森 裕樹, @平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2023年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • Moderately elevated nitrogen deposition altering soil carbon dynamics 国際会議

    Hirohiko Nagano, Masataka Nakayama, Genki Katata, Keitaro Fukushima, Takashi Yamaguchi, Makoto Watanabe, Mariko Atarashi-Andoh, Ryunosuke Tateno, @Syuntaro Hiradate, Jun Koarashi

    ACID RAIN 2020  2023年4月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年4月

    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 土壌炭素動態推定手法としての風乾土壌の水抽出有機物

    永野博彦, 鈴木優里, 平舘俊太郎, 安藤麻里子, 小嵐淳

    日本生態学会第70回大会  2023年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年3月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

    Water extractable organic matter from air-dry soil to predict soil carbon dynamics

  • 日本の火山灰土壌における土壌有機物の蓄積モデルの試案

    平舘俊太郎, 山北絵理

    日本生態学会第70回大会  2023年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年3月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

    Challenge for building a carbon sequestration model for Japanese Andosols.

  • 放射性炭素で見る土壌炭素動態

    小嵐 淳, 安藤 麻里子, 梁 乃申, 近藤 俊明, 高木 健太郎, 平野 高司, 髙木 正博, 石田祐宣, 寺本 宗正, 永野 博彦, 市井 和仁, 石塚 成宏, 平舘 俊太郎, 伊藤 雅之, 孫 力飛, 國分 陽子, 藤田 奈津子

    日本生態学会第70回大会  2023年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年3月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

    Soil carbon dynamics revealed by radiocarbon

  • 水分変動増大がもたらす表層土壌の二酸化炭素放出増大: 高温環境における鈍化

    永野博彦, 鈴木優里, 神田裕貴, 平舘俊太郎, 安藤麻里子, 小嵐淳

    日本農業気象学会2023全国大会  2023年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年3月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 水分変動増大がもたらす表層土壌の二酸化炭素放出増大: 規定因子の探索

    鈴木優里, 永野博彦, 神田裕貴, 平舘俊太郎, 安藤麻里子, 小嵐淳

    日本農業気象学会2023年全国大会講演要旨  2023年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2023年3月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 土壌中リン含量定量のための灰化法の検討

    江島小媛, 森裕樹, 平舘俊太郎

    第77回農業農村工学会中国四国支部講演会  2022年12月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年12月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 土壌ホスファターゼ活性測定に用いる基質化合物の妥当性の検討

    長砂まりも, 森 裕樹, 平舘俊太郎

    2022 年度(令和4年度)日本土壌肥料学会 九州支部例会  2022年10月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年10月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • グリホサート、グルホシネート、およびそれらの代謝物の土壌における吸着および分解挙動

    森 裕樹, 陳 楠, 平舘俊太郎

    2022 年度(令和4年度)日本土壌肥料学会 九州支部例会  2022年10月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年10月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 土壌のできかたとはたらきを探る:考えかたと調べかた 招待

    平舘俊太郎

    第56回 根研究集会  2022年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年9月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 14C年代データを用いた長期間にわたる炭素貯留速度の解析

    山北絵理, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集第68集  2022年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年9月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 降雨に伴う土壌クラスト生成現象の再現と定量的評価

    石原大輝, 山北絵里, 河村享政, 森裕樹, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集第68集  2022年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年9月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 秋吉台半自然草原土壌の鉱物特性

    柳由貴子, 内徳桂子, 金子悠, 中尾淳, 矢内純太, 岡本透, 太田陽子, 藤間充, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集第68集  2022年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年9月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 硫気荒原に生息するツクシテンツキのアルミニウム耐性における硫黄の役割

    外島海斗, 丸山隼人, 和崎淳, 平舘俊太郎, 神山拓也, 信濃卓郎, 渡部敏裕

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集第68集  2022年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年9月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • アロフェンとリン酸イオンの反応生成物

    山本陽香, 福島秀斗, 山口紀子, 森裕樹, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集第68集  2022年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年9月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • Rewetting Dried Soils for Elucidating SOM Dynamics in Andic Soils of a Japanese Temperate Forest.

    Hirohiko NAGANO, Mariko ATARASHI-ANDOH, Sota TANAKA, Syuntaro HIRADATE, Kazumichi FUJII, Jun KOARASHI

    8th International Symposium on Soil Organic Matter "SOM 2022", June 26-30th, 2022, Seoul, Korea  2022年6月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年6月

    記述言語:英語  

    国名:その他  

  • 過去の土壌改変が半自然草原の種組成に与える長期的な影響:典型的な植物種の欠落

    横川 昌史, 堤 道生, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本生態学会第69回大会  2022年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2022年3月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 九州大学福岡演習林の堆積岩地帯における土壌の生成と分類に関する考察

    森裕樹, 山北絵理, 木村優佑, 小林孝行, 前島勇治, 平舘俊太郎

    2021年度日本土壌肥料学会九州支部例会  2021年12月 

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    開催年月日: 2021年12月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • 青森県三戸町の黒ボク土における炭素貯留速度の推定:14C年代による較正暦年代値などに基づく約7600年前以降の平均堆積速度

    平舘俊太郎, Jithya Nawodi Wijesinghe, 小嵐 淳, 安藤麻里子, 佐瀬 隆, 細野 衛, 井上 弦, 森 裕樹

    2021年度日本土壌肥料学会九州支部例会  2021年12月 

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    開催年月日: 2021年12月

    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:その他  

  • セイタカアワダチソウ,キキョウ,カワラケツメイの生育に及ぼす土壌化学特性の影響

    竹原 芽衣子, 津守 玲, 森 裕樹, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本生態学会第68回大会  2021年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2021年6月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:オンライン   国名:日本国  

  • 河川堤防に繁茂するセイバンモロコシの抑制技術について

    山根 明, 友口 勇生, 内田 泰三, 津守 玲, 平舘 俊太郎

    応用生態工学会福岡2020九州地区事例・研究発表会  2020年12月 

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    開催年月日: 2021年6月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:ZOOMウェビナー   国名:日本国  

  • キナバル山熱帯林の標高傾度における土壌リンの存在形態:蛇紋岩土壌の特異性.

    和穎 朗太, 橋本洋平, 平舘俊太郎, 横山大希, 北山兼弘

    日本ペドロジー学会2021年度大会  2021年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2021年6月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:オンライン   国名:日本国  

  • 49年前の草地改良がシバ草地の植生と土壌化学性に及ぼす影響

    堤 道生, 平舘俊太郎, 横川昌史, 井上雅仁, 高橋佳孝

    日本草地学会  2021年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2021年6月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:新潟オンライン大会   国名:日本国  

  • 小笠原における外来樹木アカギ・ギンネムの侵略性:土壌化学特性に対する反応の種間差

    佐藤 臨, 平舘俊太郎, 畑憲治, 大澤剛士, 可知直樹

    日本生態学会第68回大会  2021年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2021年6月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:オンライン   国名:日本国  

  • 地下環境における鉄鋼腐食に影響する土壌要因の解明

    森 裕樹, 田島誉大, 井上暢也, 平舘俊太郎

    日本鉄鋼協会 第180回秋季講演大会  2020年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2020年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:オンラインWEB会議(第180回秋季講演大会)   国名:日本国  

  • 日本の森林土壌における有機炭素の蓄積と動態ならびに長期温暖化操作に対する応答 招待

    小嵐 淳, 安藤麻里子, 高木健太郎, 近藤俊明, 寺本宗正, 永野博彦, 國分陽子, 高木正博, 石田祐宣, 平舘俊太郎, 梁乃申

    日本生態学会  2020年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2020年3月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル(公募)  

    開催地:オンライン   国名:日本国  

  • 宝満川堤防法面におけるセイバンモロコシの分布と土壌の植物養分可給性の関係.

    津守 玲, 山根 明, 森 裕樹, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本生態学会  2020年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2020年3月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:オンライン   国名:日本国  

  • 過去の土壌改変が半自然草原植生に与える影響:蒜山地域の例.

    横川昌史, 増井太樹, 堤道生, 平舘俊太郎

    日本生態学会  2020年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2020年3月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:オンライン   国名:日本国  

  • 非アロフェン質黒ボク土で旺盛に生育可能な植物の生育戦略

    森裕樹, 皿本朋子, 仲原裕貴, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会九州支部会  2019年11月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年11月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:九州沖縄農業研究センター本所   国名:日本国  

  • 秋吉台半自然草原の土壌特性ー剣山土壌断面における化学性の詳細変化 招待

    柳由貴子, 金子悠, 安永昂生, 藤間充, 太田陽子, 岡本透, 平舘俊太郎

    日本ペドロジー学会  2019年11月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年11月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル(公募)  

    開催地:山口大学   国名:日本国  

  • 九州大学福岡演習林(福岡県篠栗町)に分布する土壌の特性と分類

    木村優佑, Jithya Nawodi Wijesinghe, 小林孝行, 前島 勇治, 森 裕樹, 平舘俊太郎

    日本ペドロジー学会  2019年11月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年11月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:山口大学   国名:日本国  

  • 石灰質土壌の改変がギンネム(Leucaena leucocephala)の生育に及ぼす影響

    金城和俊, 徳丸慶太郎, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会九州支部会  2019年11月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年11月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:九州沖縄農業研究センター本所   国名:日本国  

  • The rate of vertical translocation of soil organic carbon fractions stored in a buried humic horizon from an Andosol.

    Jithya Nawodi Wijesinghe, Jun Koarashi, Mariko Atarashi-Andoh, Yoko Saito-Kokubu, Noriko Yamaguchi, Takashi Sase, Mamoru Hosono, Yudzuru Inoue, Yuki Mori, Syuntaro Hiradate.

    日本土壌肥料学会  2019年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年9月

    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:静岡大学農学部   国名:日本国  

    火山灰土壌中の土壌有機物はほとんど下方へは移動しないことを明らかにした。このことから、火山灰土壌の厚い黒色腐植層は、累積的に積層することによって生成したことが明らかになった。

  • Fe 水酸化物生成時に共存するSi とAl が生成物の表面電荷特性とCu 吸着特性に及ぼす影響

    森 裕樹, 岩井 陸, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会  2019年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:静岡大学農学部   国名:日本国  

  • Transition of soil organic carbon in a volcanic ash soil derived from Towada volcano, Japan.

    Jithya Nawodi Wijesinghe, Jun Koarashi, Mariko Atarashi-Andoh, Yoko Saito-Kokubu, Noriko Yamaguchi, Takashi Sase, Mamoru Hosono, Yudzuru Inoue, Yuki Mori, Syuntaro Hiradate.

    日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会  2019年5月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年5月

    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:幕張メッセ   国名:日本国  

  • 温暖化は土壌に貯留する有機炭素にどのような変化をもたらすか?

    小嵐 淳, 安藤 麻里子, 高木 健太郎, 近藤 俊明, 寺本 宗正, 永野 博彦, 國分 陽子, 高木 正博, 石田 祐宣, 平舘 俊太郎, 梁 乃申

    森林学会  2019年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年3月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル(公募)  

    国名:日本国  

  • 外来生物に起因する土壌中NおよびP栄養環境の変化と海洋島における陸域生態系の反応

    平舘俊太郎

    日本生態学会  2019年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年3月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:神戸市   国名:日本国  

  • 宝満川堤防法面における土壌化学特性と植生の関係:セイバンモロコシに着目して.

    津守玲, 山根明, 平舘俊太郎, 森裕樹

    日本生態学会  2019年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年3月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:神戸市   国名:日本国  

    九州地方で蔓延が問題となっている外来雑草セイバンモロコシは,土壌特性によって蔓延する場所が限定されていることを明らかにした.

  • 小笠原諸島・媒島に生育する植物が吸収する窒素のδ15N値測定による給源推定

    平舘俊太郎, 宮邦 怜, 佐藤 臨, 安藤麻里子, 小嵐 淳, 可知直毅

    日本生態学会  2019年3月 

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    開催年月日: 2019年3月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:神戸市   国名:日本国  

  • Quantitative understanding of the heterogeneity of soil organic carbon degradability for predicting long-term response of soil carbon to warming. 国際会議

    Jun Koarashi, Mariko Atarashi-Andoh, Shigehiro Ishizuka, Syntaro Hiradate, Yoko Kokubu.

    ILTER Annual Coordinating Committee Meeting side-by-side with ILTER EAP scientific conference  2018年10月 

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    開催年月日: 2018年10月

    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:Taichung   国名:台湾  

  • 31P-NMRを利用した家畜堆肥中リンの土壌中における動態解析

    大島正稔, 山口紀子, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会  2018年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2018年9月 - 2019年9月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:日本大学   国名:日本国  

  • 放射性セシウムの実効的な固液分配係数の変動要因

    江口定夫、山口紀子、井倉将人、吉川省子、板橋直、平野七恵、藤原英司、神山和則、@平舘俊太郎、大越聡、斎藤隆、藤村恵人、倉持寛太、波多野隆介

    日本土壌肥料学会  2018年9月 

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    開催年月日: 2018年9月 - 2018年6月

    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:日本大学   国名:日本国  

  • 小笠原諸島・媒島の土壌中に存在する粘土の鉱物学的特性

    池田伸城, 森 裕樹, 平舘俊太郎

    日本ペドロジー学会 

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    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:名城大学   国名:日本国  

  • 人工改良草地としての利用が土壌特性および植物栄養元素の深度分布に及ぼす影響:-九州大学高原農場(大分県久住町)の非アロフェン質黒ボク土における事例

    浅岡宏行, 森 裕樹, 平舘俊太郎

    日本ペドロジー学会 

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    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:名城大学   国名:日本国  

  • 小笠原諸島の下層土が保持する交換性陽イオンの化学組成とその変動要因

    境 圭一郎, 森 裕樹, 平舘俊太郎

    日本ペドロジー学会 

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    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:名城大学   国名:日本国  

  • 表層土壌の化学特性および管理手法が草原における出現植物種に及ぼす影響:阿蘇の草原における事例

    平舘俊太郎, 楠本良延, 森田沙綾香, 小柳知代, 横川昌史, 高橋佳孝

    日本土壌肥料学会九州支部会 

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    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:佐賀大学   国名:日本国  

  • The (oxalato)aluminate complex as an antimicrobial substance protecting the “shiro” of Tricholoma matsutake from soil microorganisms.

    Katsutoshi Nishino, Misao Shiro, Ryuki Okura, Kazuya Oizumi, Toru Fujita, Takahiro Sasamori, Norihiro Tokitoh, Akiyoshi Yamada, Kaya Matsubara, Chihiro Tanaka, Muneyoshi Yamaguchi, Syuntaro Hiradate, and Nobuhiro Hirai

    ISCE/APACE meeting 

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    記述言語:英語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:龍谷大学   国名:日本国  

  • 葉圏由来のMethylobacterium属細菌はUVA吸収成分を含有する

    吉田重信, 小板橋基夫, 加茂綱嗣, 平舘俊太郎, 對馬誠也

    環境微生物系学会合同大会 

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    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    国名:その他  

  • 31P-NMRによる米ぬか及び米ぬか発酵肥料の土壌中における動態解析

    大島正稔, 人見, 中西, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会 

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    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:東北大学   国名:日本国  

  • 秋吉台における草原復元作業の効果:異なる刈り取り処理が深度別の土壌理化学性に与える効果

    藤間 充, 太田陽子, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会 

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    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:東北大学   国名:日本国  

  • 固体31P-NMRによる施肥リン酸の動態解析 固体31P-NMRによる施肥リン酸の動態解析

    平舘俊太郎, 大島正稔, 伊田奈緒美, 西村 拓

    日本土壌肥料学会 

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    記述言語:日本語   会議種別:口頭発表(一般)  

    開催地:東北大学   国名:日本国  

  • 農薬の土壌吸着における黒ボク土の鉱物, 化学科学的特異性 - 2, 4-D を用いて黒ボク土と非黒バク土との対比から -

    牧野 知之, 高木 和広, 平館 俊太郎, 石坂 眞澄

    講演要旨集  1997年3月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

    Mineralogical and chemical specificity of Andisols in adsorption of pesticide onto soils - The comparison of Andisols and non-Andisols using 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid -

  • IDENTIFICATION OF AL FORM IN LEAVES OF Hydrangea macrophylla

    MA Jian Feng, HIRADATE Syuntaro, NOMOTO Kyosuke, MATSUMOTO Hideaki

    Plant and cell physiology  1997年3月 

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    記述言語:英語  

    国名:日本国  

    IDENTIFICATION OF AL FORM IN LEAVES OF Hydrangea macrophylla

  • 平舘俊太郎(2001)現代土壌肥料学の断面(3)-鉄欠乏イネ科植物から分泌されたムギネ酸による鉄溶解反応-

    平舘 俊太郎

    農業および園芸  2001年3月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

  • V-1 土壌コロイド成分と有機酸類の相互作用と分子レベルメカニズム(V 分子レベルでの土壌成分及び成分間のナノスケール相互作用)

    平舘 俊太朗

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2001年3月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

  • 逸見彰男,平舘俊太郎,山口紀子,石田智之,松枝直人.分子レベルでの土壌成分および成分間のナノスケール相互作用.2001年高知大会シンポジウムの概要.

    逸見 彰男, 平舘 俊太郎, 山口 紀子, 石田 智之, 松枝 直人

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌  2001年12月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

    Soil Components in Molecular Level and Nano-Scale Interactions among the Components

  • 2-23 アロフェン黒ぼく土および非アロフェン黒ぼく土の収着リン酸の固体^<31>P-NMRによる状態分析(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    伊藤 豊彰, 平館 俊太郎, 木川 直人, 三枝 正彦

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2003年8月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

  • ヘアリーベッチにおけるラベル体硝酸イオンのシアナミドへの取り込み

    加藤 健司, 加茂 綱嗣, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 廣田 満

    植物の生長調節 = Regulation of plant growth & development  2005年5月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

    Cyanamide (NH_2CN) has been industrially produced in large quantities for a long time. We have isolated cyanamide as a plant growth inhibitor from hairy vetch Vicia villosa. Although we excluded the possibility that the cyanamide isolated was an unexpectedly contaminating agrochemical, the details of its biosynthesis remain unknown because this compound has never been considered as a natural product. In this report we demonstrate the de novo production of cyanamide in this legume using a ^<15>N-labeled nitrogen source. The extracts of the seedlings of V. villosa grown with and without (^<15>N)nitrate were purified chromatographically to give cyanamide, respectively. On the basis of the GC/MS analyses, the isotopic ratio ^<15>N/(^<14>N+^<15>N) of the ^<15>N-enriched cyanamide was calculated to be 0.143, while that of the non-enriched cyanamide was 0.0065. We also measured the mass spectrum of dicyandiamide [NH_2C(=NH)NHCN], a dimmer of cyanamide, prepared from the purified cyanamide. The isotopic ratio was 0.138, corresponding well to the result of the GC/MS analysis of cyanamide. From these observations, the incorporation of the nitrogen atom of nitrate into cyanamide has been established. We conclude that cyanamide is de novo biosynthesized in V. villosa.

  • 9-12 チャの根におけるアルミニウムの存在形態(9. 植物の無機栄養, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    森田 明雄, 柳沢 統, 上松 康二, 平館 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2006年9月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

  • Allelopathic effect of transformed and non-transformed Atropa belladonna as a model of medicinal plants

    SASAMOTO Hiromi, SUGANO Mami, HIRADATE Syuntaro, FUJII Yoshiharu, YOSHIMATSU Kayo, KAMADA Hiroshi

    Journal of plant research  2006年12月 

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    記述言語:英語  

    国名:日本国  

    Allelopathic effect of transformed and non-transformed Atropa belladonna as a model of medicinal plants

  • アスパラガスのアレロパシー活性の品種間差異

    駒井 史訓, 口石 なつき, 渡部 泰希, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学研究. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表要旨  2007年3月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

    Varietal differences in allelopathic effects of asparagus seedlings

  • P2-4 土壌フミン酸の質的長期動態の解明(2.土壌有機・無機化学,2007年度東京大会)

    渡辺 彰, 城倉 未来, 今西 建, 中村 俊夫, 池田 晃子, 平館 俊太郎, 奈良岡 浩, 池谷 康祐

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2007年8月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

  • アスパラガスのアスパラガスに対するアレロパシー様活性の無菌的生物検定

    駒井 史訓, 渡部 泰希, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学研究. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表要旨  2007年9月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

    Aseptic bioassay for estimation of asparagus allelopathic effects toward asparagus seeds

  • ヘアリーベッチにおけるシアナミドの生合成部位

    笠原 良平, 加茂 綱嗣, 廣田 満, 平舘 俊太郎, 山谷 紘子, 藤井 義晴

    植物の生長調節 = Regulation of plant growth & development  2007年10月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

    Cyanamide (NH_2CN) has been isolated from hairy vetch Vicia villosa subsp. varia as a natural product for the first time. We have already clarified that the cyanamide content in hairy vetch seedlings cultivated in the growth chamber reaches its maximum at 3-4 week. The present study aims at elucidating the organ in which cyanamide is biosynthesized. The cyanamide contents in the leaves, the stems, and the roots of 4-week-old seedlings were 629 ± 209, 256 ± 134, and < 20 μg/gFW (average ± SD), respectively. This suggests that cyanamide is biosynthesized in the aerial parts (the leaves plus the stems). To investigate the cyanamide-biosynthesizing organ, we compared the ^^<15>N incorporation into cyanamide in the whole aerial parts to that in the apical portion including the younger leaves. The ^^<15>N isotope abundance ratio in the isolated cyanamide was 3.99 ± 0.61% (average ± SE) when the whole aerial parts was incubated with ^^<15>N-labeled nitrogen sources, which was significantly higher than that of control (0.28 ± 0.03%). In contrast, the cyanamide isolated from the apical portion was not ^^<15>N-labeled on the same condition. These results imply that cyanamide is biosynthesized in the mature leaves.

  • アスパラガスのアレロパシー活性に及ぼす光質の影響

    駒井 史訓, 渡部 泰希, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学研究. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表要旨  2008年3月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

    Influence of light quality on allelopathic effects of asparagus through aseptic bioassay

  • 7-1-27 石灰窒素施用畑土壌における窒素化合物の動態と硝化抑制作用の解析(7-1 肥料および施肥法,2014年度東京大会)

    尾和 尚人, 坂下 普志, 平館 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2014年9月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

  • 7-1-35 ケイ酸質肥料の溶解・沈殿反応系を応用した可給態ケイ酸の評価法(7-1 肥料および施肥法,2015年度京都大会)

    尾和 尚人, 平館 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2015年9月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

  • P6-1-4 水稲栽培における土壌中交換態K の動態—栽培期間中に土壌中交換態K は土壌固相から緩やかに補給されている(6-1 水田土壌肥沃度 2021年度北海道大会)

    水谷 嘉之, 久保寺 秀夫, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2021年9月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

  • P2-1-13 小笠原諸島・媒島および父島に分布する土壌の分散性(2-1 土壌有機・無機成分の構造・機能・ダイナミクス 2021年度北海道大会)

    斎藤 星花, 和田 信一郎, 森 裕樹, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2021年9月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

  • P2-1-10 土壌中における異なる有機態リン化合物からのオルトリン酸の生成速度(2-1 土壌有機・無機成分の構造・機能・ダイナミクス 2021年度北海道大会)

    長砂 まりも, 横田 優帆, 森 裕樹, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集  2021年9月 

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国名:日本国  

▼全件表示

MISC

  • 土壌学と考古学

    @平舘俊太郎

    九州大学アジア埋蔵文化財研究センター ニュースレター   2023年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Preface to the special section on “past, present, and future biochar utilization for soil sustainability from Asian agronomical and ecological perspectives” 査読

    @Syuntaro Hiradate, Masahiko Katoh, Shuji Sano, Shigeto Sudo, Soh Sugihara, Yo Toma

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   2023年11月

     詳細を見る

    記述言語:英語  

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2023.2288473

  • P5-1-1 秋吉台半自然草原土壌の鉱物特性(5-1 土壌生成・分類 2022年度東京大会)

    柳由貴子, 内徳桂子, 金子悠, 中尾淳, 矢内 純太, 岡本 透, 太田 陽子, 藤間 充, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2022年9月

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    記述言語:その他  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.68.0_67_1

  • P1-1-6 14C年代データを用いた長期間にわたる炭素貯留速度の解析(1-1 物質循環・動態 2022年度東京大会)

    山北 絵理, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2022年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dohikouen.68.0_7_2

  • 改訂新版 土壌調査ハンドブック 日本ペドロジー学会(編) B6判(防水コーティング),193頁,2,300円(税別) 博友社,2021年5月25日発行

    平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学雑誌   2021年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    DOI: 10.20710/dojo.92.6_517

  • 根のタンニンがアルミニウムを無毒化する:―酸性の荒廃地の緑化にむけて―.

    田原 恒, 橋田 光, 平舘 俊太郎, 篠原 健司.

    2019年6月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 和田光史先生に聞く!国際土壌10 年を迎えて.

    平舘俊太郎, 森 裕樹, 和田信一郎.

    2018年6月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    国際土壌10年を迎えるにあたり,土壌肥料学の先達である和田光史先生から,過去・現在・未来の土壌肥料学に対する考え方や期待をお聞きし伝える.

  • ペドロジー学会主催新企画「プチ巡検」開催報告

    平舘俊太郎, 渕山律子, 上山紀代美, 井上 弦, 久保寺秀夫, 前島勇治

    ペドロジスト   2016年12月

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    記述言語:その他  

  • 土壌生成因子(気候・母材)が土壌リンの存在形態へ及ぼす影響:キナバル山熱帯林における事例研究

    和穎朗太, 橋本洋平, 池谷康祐, 平舘俊太郎, 横山大稀, 北山兼弘

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2016年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    土壌生成因子(気候・母材)が土壌リンの存在形態へ及ぼす影響:キナバル山熱帯林における事例研究

  • 青森県十和田地域の草本植物群落と土壌化学性との関連

    馬場光久, 水野創史, 平舘俊太郎, 楠本良延, 島田直明, 杉浦俊弘

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2016年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    青森県十和田地域の草本植物群落と土壌化学性との関連

  • 鉱物組成が異なる土壌の有機物集積作用をサブミクロンスケールから考える

    浅野眞希, 和穎朗太, 山口紀子, 武市泰男, 平舘俊太郎, 菅大暉, 小野寛太, 高橋嘉夫

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2016年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    鉱物組成が異なる土壌の有機物集積作用をサブミクロンスケールから考える

  • 生分解性マルチの分解速度が畑によって違う理由には土壌微生物とそれらが生産する酵素が関わっている

    山元季実子, 渡部貴志, 小板橋基夫, 山下結香, 鎗水透, 北本宏子, 平舘俊太郎

    農業環境技術研究所研究成果情報   2016年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    生分解性マルチの分解速度が畑によって違う理由には土壌微生物とそれらが生産する酵素が関わっている

  • 1-1-14 福島県内の不作付け農地及び農業流域からの放射性セシウムの流出実態(1-1 物質循環・動態,2015年度京都大会)

    江口 定夫, 吉川 省子, 板橋 直, 井倉 将人, 神山 和則, 平舘 俊太郎, 楠本 良延, 徳岡 良則, 木方 展治, 藤原 英司, 山口 紀子, 大越 聡, 倉持 寛太, 波多野 隆介

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2015年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 放射性セシウム捕捉ポテンシャル(RIP)のセシウム濃度依存性

    山口紀子, 中尾淳, 武田晃, 塚田祥文, 江口定夫, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2015年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    放射性セシウム捕捉ポテンシャル(RIP)のセシウム濃度依存性

  • P4-1-17 草原生植物が生育する土壌環境と植物体内における無機栄養元素組成 : ツリガネニンジン、ススキ、セイタカアワダチソウの比較(ポスター,4-1 植物の多量栄養素,2015年度京都大会)

    平舘 俊太郎, 森田 沙綾香, 小柳 知代, 楠本 良延

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2015年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 農地表層土壌中の放射性セシウム濃度分布図作成のための緊急調査

    高田裕介, 神山和則, 小原洋, 前島勇治, 平舘俊太郎, 木方展治, 齋藤隆, 谷山一郎

    農業環境技術研究所報告   2015年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    農地表層土壌中の放射性セシウム濃度分布図作成のための緊急調査

  • P4-2-2 塩塚高原に生育する各種植物の土壌環境の違いによるイオノーム変動(ポスター,4-2 植物の微量栄養素,2014年度東京大会)

    渡部 敏裕, 楠本 良延, 森田 沙綾香, 小柳 知代, 大崎 満, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 土壌団粒内で起こる土壌有機物の長期的動態を物理分画アプローチから考察する―Part 2:走査型透過軟X線顕微鏡を用いた官能基別有機炭素と無機物の空間分布―

    浅野眞希, 和頴朗太, 山口紀子, 武市泰男, 前田誠, 平舘俊太郎, 菅大暉, 神農宗徹, 小野寛太, 高橋嘉夫

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2014年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    土壌団粒内で起こる土壌有機物の長期的動態を物理分画アプローチから考察する―Part 2:走査型透過軟X線顕微鏡を用いた官能基別有機炭素と無機物の空間分布―

  • 第20回世界土壌科学会議(6月韓国・済州島)参加報告

    荒尾知人, 平舘俊太郎, 江口定夫, 中村乾, 和穎朗太, 三島慎一郎, 吉川省子, 須田碧海, 大倉利明

    農業と環境   2014年7月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 温度上昇が土壌炭素の分解をどのぐらい加速させるかを決める要因の解明―土壌炭素動態モデルの精緻化に有効―

    和穎朗太, 岸本文紅, 米村正一郎, 白戸康人, 矢ケ崎泰海, 平舘俊太郎

    農業環境技術研究所研究成果情報   2013年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    温度上昇が土壌炭素の分解をどのぐらい加速させるかを決める要因の解明―土壌炭素動態モデルの精緻化に有効―

  • P18-2 外来植物の分布に影響を及ぼす土壌特性の影響 : アロフェン黒ぼく土と非アロフェン黒ぼく土の比較(18.草地土壌肥よく度,2012年度鳥取大会)

    森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延, 小柳 知代, 横川 昌史, 高橋 佳孝, 伊藤 豊彰, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 土壌有機物の存在形態から温暖化応答と炭素隔離ポテンシャルを考える

    和穎 朗太, 白戸 康人, 岸本 文紅, 米村 正一郎, 矢ヶ崎 泰海, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P21-1 土壌環境制御による植生管理法の開発 : 第4報土壌酸性化処理による土壌の理化学性の変化(21.緑化技術,2012年度鳥取大会)

    藤間 充, 三浦 雅史, 泉 玄氣, 平舘 俊太郎, 楠本 良延, 太田 陽子, 森田 沙綾香, 小柳 知代

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2012年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • ユキヤナギのアレロケミカルはオーキシン早期応答遺伝子群の発現を誘導する

    和佐野直也, 菅野真実, 西川慶祐, 奥田勝博, 新藤充, 安部洋, 朴昭英, 加茂綱嗣, 平舘俊太郎, 藤井義晴

    日本植物生理学会年会要旨集   2012年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    ユキヤナギのアレロケミカルはオーキシン早期応答遺伝子群の発現を誘導する

  • 土壌-植物系における放射性セシウムの挙動とその変動要因 査読

    山口紀子, 高田裕介, 林健太郎, 石川 覚, 倉俣正人, 江口定夫, 吉川省子, 坂口 敦, 朝田 景, 和穎朗太, 牧野知之, 赤羽幾子, 平舘俊太郎

    農業環境技術研究所報告   2012年3月

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  • 23 石灰窒素の施用量、粒径および施用法が黒ボク土の窒素動態に及ぼす影響(関東支部講演会,2010年度各支部会講演要旨)

    尾和 尚人, 平館 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2011年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 阿蘇の草原における表層土壌の化学特性と管理手法の関係

    森田沙綾香, 小柳知代, 横川昌史, 高橋佳孝, 楠本良延, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2011年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    阿蘇の草原における表層土壌の化学特性と管理手法の関係

  • 異なる土壌が充填されたライシメーターにおける間接N2O排出の比較

    南川和則, 早川敦, 西村誠一, 秋山博子, 和穎朗太, 平舘俊太郎, 八木一行

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2011年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 広島県北広島町千町原の半自然草地における植物の分布と土壌特性の関係

    平舘俊太郎, 白川勝信, 高橋佳孝, 堤道生, 太田陽子, 井上雅仁, 佐久間智子, 森田沙綾香, 小柳知代, 楠本良延

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2011年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    広島県北広島町千町原の半自然草地における植物の分布と土壌特性の関係

  • 土壌炭素プールの温暖化応答—微生物分解の温度依存性を規定する因子の解明

    和穎朗太, 岸本(莫)文紅, 米村正一郎, 白戸康人, 平舘俊太郎

    日本生態学会大会講演要旨集   2011年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    土壌炭素プールの温暖化応答—微生物分解の温度依存性を規定する因子の解明

  • Humification processes of needle litters on forest floors in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) plantations in Japan

    Kenji Ono, Syuntaro Hiradate, Sayaka Morita, Kenji Ohse, Keizo Hirai

    PLANT AND SOIL   2011年1月

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    記述言語:英語  

    We quantitatively clarified the early humification processes on Japanese cedar and Hinoki cypress forest floors by using a litterbag experiment and the solid-state C-13 CPMAS NMR technique. There was no significant effect on litter mass loss during early humification between both coniferous litters regardless of the shape of their needles. Carbon composition in both litters showed similar trends during early humification. A/O-A as a humification index was low, around 0.6, in both litters throughout the experiment period although 60% of litter mass was lost. Coniferous litter incubated for 3 years might not be well-humified and would be susceptible to physical fragmentation. Carbon mass loss rates in conifers were in the following order: O-alkyl > aliphatic > aromatic > carbonyl carbons, differing with hardwoods. Conifers had concomitantly higher and lower mass loss rates of aliphatic and aromatic carbons than hardwoods. Soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulated in topsoil for conifers had relatively high and low contents of aliphatic and aromatic carbons than that for hardwood. These compositional differences of SOC among forests could be caused by the high and low supply rates of aliphatic and aromatic carbons from litter to topsoil. Consequently, initial litter nature and humification processes can affect the compositional qualities of SOC accumulated in soil.

    DOI: 10.1007/s11104-010-0397-z

  • 石灰窒素の主成分シアナミドの硝酸化成抑制作用の解析(2010年度大会一般講演要旨)

    尾和 尚人, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    土と微生物   2010年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 12-11 植物の一生に及ぼすアレロパシー活性を検定するライフサイクルアセスメント法の開発とDNAマイクロレイによるアレロケミカルの作用の推定(12.植物の代謝成分と農産物の品質,2010年度北海道大会)

    藤井 義晴, 菅野 真実, 和佐野 直也, Golisz Anna, 加茂 綱嗣, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 土壌物理分画と同位体分析から見えてくる土壌有機物の分解と安定化プロセス

    和穎朗太, 白戸康人, 近藤美由紀, 内田昌男, 平舘俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    土壌物理分画と同位体分析から見えてくる土壌有機物の分解と安定化プロセス

  • S1-36 土壌物理分画と同位体分析から見えてくる土壌有機物の分解と安定化プロセス(S1.安定・放射性同位体を用いた土壌炭素動態研究 -何がどこまで分かるのか?-,2010年度北海道大会)

    和穎 朗太, 白戸 康人, 近藤 美由紀, 内田 昌男, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    S1-36 土壌物理分画と同位体分析から見えてくる土壌有機物の分解と安定化プロセス(S1.安定・放射性同位体を用いた土壌炭素動態研究 -何がどこまで分かるのか?-,2010年度北海道大会)

  • P21-3 土壌環境制御による植生管理法の開発 : 第1報 : 土壌酸性化処理とそれにともなう植生変化(ポスター紹介,21.緑化技術,2010年度北海道大会)

    森田 沙綾香, 藤間 充, 太田 陽子, 楠本 良延, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P15-7 水田圃場における田面とその畦畔の土壌化学特性の比較 : 静岡県内における8圃場の比較(ポスター紹介,15.水田土壌肥よく度,2010年度北海道大会)

    平舘 俊太郎, 森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延, 稲垣 栄洋, 松野 和夫

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 19-38 石灰窒素施用土壌におけるシアナミドおよびその反応生成物の変動要因と作用の解析(19.肥料および施肥法,2010年度北海道大会)

    尾和 尚人, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2010年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Quantitative Evaluation of Allelopathic Potentials in Soils: Total Activity Approach

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Kenji Ohse, Akihiro Furubayashi, Yoshiharu Fujii

    WEED SCIENCE   2010年7月

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    記述言語:英語  

    The allelopathic potential of a plant has been evaluated on the basis of two indicators: specific activity, which is the specific concentration of the allelochemical to exert a half-maximum effect on a receiver plant (EC(50)), and total activity in a plant, which is the ratio of the concentration of an allelochemical in the producing plant to its EC(50). In the present study, a new indicator, total activity in a soil, which takes into account the effects of a soil on the allelopathy activity, is proposed because allelopathic activity is affected by the presence of soils. The total activity in a soil was calculated by multiplying the "total activity in a plant" with a "soil factor." In this calculation, we assumed simplified cases for comparison, such that the allelopathic plant materials are evenly incorporated in the soils and the allelochemicals are released from the plant materials to the soils at a constant rate. We conducted bioassay experiments in the presence and absence of soils and cited some published data to calculate the specific activities and total activities in a plant and in a soil. The results indicated that the allelopathies of buckwheat caused by (+)-catechin, Leucaena leucocephala by L-mimosine, Xanthium occidentale by transcinnamic acid, and Brassica parachinensis by cis-cinnamic acid were not significant in a volcanic ash soil, an alluvial soil, and a calcareous soil, but the allelopathy of sweet vernalgrass caused by coumarin and Spiraea thunbergii by cis-cinnamoyl glucosides was highly effective in those soils. The allelopathies of Juglans species caused by juglone plus juglone precursors and Mucuna pruriens by L-DOPA would depend highly on the soil types. Although some limitations exist for this approach, the total activity approach would allow for a better quantitative estimation of the allelopathic potential of plant materials in soils.

    DOI: 10.1614/WS-D-09-00085.1

  • 12-4 根圏土壌法による植物の根から放出される物質によるアレロパシー活性の検定 : 植物栽培土壌を用いた検定とプラントボックス法との関係(12.植物の代謝成分と農作物の品質,2009年度京都大会)

    藤井 義晴, 大瀬 健嗣, 古林 章弘, 森田 沙綾香, 加茂 綱嗣, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2009年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P9-9 産地が異なるヨモギの土壌の化学的特性に対する生育反応(ポスター紹介,9.植物の多量栄養素,2009年度京都大会)

    森田 沙綾香, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 伊藤 豊彰

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2009年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 51 石灰窒素の土壌施用にともなうカドミウムイオンの不溶化要因の解析(関東支部講演会,2008年度各支部会)

    尾和 尚人, 平舘 俊太郎, 川崎 晃, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2009年9月

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  • 19-55 石灰窒素の主要構成成分であるシアナミドの硝酸化成抑制作用(19.肥料および施肥法,2009年度京都大会)

    尾和 尚人, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2009年9月

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  • 13-6 小笠原諸島・母島の土壌中に異常蓄積している可給態リン酸の起源について(13.土壌生成・分類,2009年度京都大会)

    平舘 俊太郎, 森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延, 加藤 英寿

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2009年9月

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  • Organic carbon accumulation processes on a forest floor during an early humification stage in a temperate deciduous forest in Japan: Evaluations of chemical compositional changes by C-13 NMR and their decomposition rates from litterbag experiment

    Kenji Ono, Keizo Hirai, Sayaka Morita, Kenji Ohse, Syuntaro Hiradate

    GEODERMA   2009年7月

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    To quantitatively clarify the organic carbon accumulation processes on the forest floor during an early stage of humification (3 years), solid-state C-13 cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CPMAS NMR) signals were monitored for phased-humified beech and oak litters and soil surface horizons in the northern Kanto District, Japan. The mass loss rate of the carbon components during the humification for both litters was in the following order: O-alkyl > aromatic > aliphatic > carbonyl carbons. This result indicates that the labile O-alkyl carbons, probably dominated by holocellulose were selectively degraded compared to the other components. 44% of O-alkyl carbon mass for beech and 38% for oak lost throughout 3 years of incubation. Inversely, the mass of aliphatic carbons, which is mainly composed of saturated hydrocarbons, decreased quite slowly from 20 to 10% with humification, probably because a large proportion of the aliphatic carbons are secondary products of microorganisms. The aromatic carbon mass, which would be derived from lignin/tannin and their metabolites, also decreased gradually from 17 to 6% over 3 years. While, the carbonyl carbon mass was quite stable at around 2% throughout the incubation period. probably because the hydrolysis reactions of organic carbon would contribute to the formation of the carbonyl carbons. According to an exponential model, the total carbon stocks on the forest floor converged at 4.2 Mg C ha(-1) for the first few years at the studying site. The carbon compositions converged to intermediate levels between those of the F and A(1) horizons. The simulation in the present study is able to represent the carbon accumulation process on the forest floor including a part of the mineral. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.05.001

  • Identification and activity of ethyl gallate as an antimicrobial compound produced by Geranium carolinianum

    Atsushi Ooshiro, Syuntaro Hiradate, Shinji Kawano, Tetsuya Takushi, Yoshiharu Fujii, Masahiro Natsume, Hiroshi Abe

    WEED BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT   2009年6月

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    We isolated an antimicrobial compound from the aerial tissue of Geranium carolinianum and identified it as ethyl 3, 4, 5-trihydroxy benzoate (ethyl gallate) by (1)H-NMR and (13)C-NMR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activity of ethyl gallate against three potato pathogens was assayed by the paper disk method. The activity against Ralstonia solanacerum, Streptomyces scabies, and Streptomyces acidiscabies was observed at concentrations > 200, > 300, and > 300 mu g disk(-1), respectively. These results suggest that the antimicrobial activity of Geranium carolinianum against soil-borne plant disease pathogens is partly related to ethyl gallate.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-6664.2009.00335.x

  • Biosynthetic origin of the nitrogen atom in cyanamide in Vicia villosa subsp varia

    Tsunashi Kamo, Kenji Kato, Shun Abe, Mitsuru Hirota, Hiroko Yamaya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2009年4月

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    Natural cyanamide (NH2CN) has recently been found in three Leguminosae plants: Vicia villosa subsp. varia, Vicia cracca and Robinia pseudo-acacia. As cyanamide has long been thought to be absent in nature, its physiological role and biosynthesis are totally unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated the incorporation of N-15 from [N-15]nitrate and [N-15]ammonium into cyanamide using shoots of V. villosa subsp. varia, which ruled out the possibility that nodules are essential in cyanamide biosynthesis. We also applied [N-15(2)]cyanamide to shoots of V. villosa subsp. varia to monitor its turnover, and detected [N-15(2)]cyanamide in the leaves within 4 h; it was present without detectable degradation for more than 4 days. In contrast, maximum incorporation of N-15 into cyanamide molecules was observed after 4 days of feeding the shoots with N-15-labeled inorganic ions and l-[amide-N-15]-glutamine, indicating that these nitrogenous compounds are distant precursors of cyanamide. Although the guanidino group of l-arginine (-NH-C(NH2)=NH) and urea (NH2C(=O)NH2) were candidate precursors of cyanamide on the basis of structural similarity, direct incorporation of the guanidino group of l-[C-13(6),N-15(4)]-arginine and [C-13,N-15(2)]urea into cyanamide was not observed. These results eliminated the possibility that cyanamide is biosynthesized by the addition of ammonia to an electrophilic carbon or by the conversion of the tested compounds that were structurally relevant to cyanamide.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2008.00354.x

  • The crucial role of mitochondrial regulation in adaptive aluminium resistance in Rhodotorula glutinis

    Akio Tani, Chiemi Inoue, Yoko Tanaka, Yoko Yamamoto, Hideki Kondo, Syuntaro Hiradate, Kazuhide Kimbara, Fusako Kawai

    MICROBIOLOGY-SGM   2008年11月

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    Rhodotorula glutinis IFO1125 was found to acquire increased aluminium (Al) resistance from 50 mu M to more than 5 mM by repetitive culturing with stepwise increases in Al concentration at pH 4.0. To investigate the mechanism underlying this novel phenomenon, wild-type and Al- resistant cells were compared. Neither cell type accumulated the free form of Al (Al3+) added to the medium. Transmission electron microscopic analyses revealed a greater number of mitochondria in resistant cells. The formation of small mitochondria with simplified cristae structures was observed in the wild-type strain grown in the presence of Al and in resistant cells grown in the absence of Al. Addition of Al to cells resulted in high mitochondrial membrane potential and concomitant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Exposure to Al also resulted in elevated levels of oxidized proteins and oxidized lipids. Addition of the antioxidants a-tocopherol and ascorbic acid alleviated the Al toxicity, suggesting that ROS generation is the main cause of Al toxicity. Differential display analysis indicated upregulation of mitochondrial genes in the resistant cells. Resistant cells were found to have 2.5- to 3-fold more mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) than the wild-type strain. Analysis of tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory-chain enzyme activities in wild-type and resistant cells revealed significantly reduced cytochrome c oxidase activity and resultant high ROS production in the latter cells. Taken together, these data suggest that the adaptive increased resistance to Al stress in resistant cells resulted from an increased number of mitochondria and increased mtDNA content, as a compensatory response to reduced respiratory activity caused by a deficiency in complex IV function.

    DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.2007/016048-0

  • 69.シアナミド生合成における窒素原子および炭素原子の由来(口頭発表)

    阿部 俊, 加茂 綱嗣, 廣田 満, 平館 俊太郎, 山谷 紘子, 藤井 義晴

    植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集   2008年10月

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    Natural cyanamide (NH_2CN) has recently proved to occur in some Leguminosae plants including hairy vetch Vicia villosa subsp. varia. In the present study, we demonstrated the incorporation of ^<15>N and ^<13>C from labeled precursors into cyanamide using shoots of V. villosa subsp. varia. We incubated the 3-week-old shoots in the presence of 5μM of H^<13>CN for 24h and in the absence for another 48h. As a result of GCMS analysis of the cyanamide isolated from the shoots, direct incorporation of the cyano group of H^<13>CN into cyanamide was not observed. By the administration of five ^<15>N...

  • 土壌の化学特性が外来植物と在来植物の住み分けに与える影響 (特集 外来植物のリスク評価と蔓延防止(2))

    平舘 俊太郎, 森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延

    農業技術   2008年10月

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    Effects of soil chemical properties on the habitats of alien and endemic plants

  • Ammonia exchange between rice leaf blades and the atmosphere: Effect of broadcast urea and changes in xylem sap and leaf apoplastic ammonium concentrations

    Kentaro Hayashi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Satoru Ishikawa, Isamu Nouchi

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2008年10月

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    To elucidate the effects of broadcast urea on ammonia (NH(3)) exchange between the atmosphere and rice, we investigated the NH(3) exchange flux between rice leaf blades and the atmosphere, xylem sap ammonium (NH(4)(+)) concentration, leaf apoplastic NH(4)(+) concentration and pH, and determined the stomatal NH(3) compensation point. Paddy rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) cultivation using experimental pots was conducted in the open air. Three treatments, no nitrogen (NN), standard nitrogen (SN) and high nitrogen (HN), were prepared for two supplemental fertilizations. Urea with 0, 30 and 60 kg N ha(-1) for the NN, SN and HN treatments, respectively, was broadcast at panicle initiation, and urea with 0, 20 and 40 kg N ha(-1) for the NN, SN and HN treatments, respectively, was broadcast at heading. The NH(3) exchange fluxes between the rice leaf blades and the atmosphere (SN treatment) measured using a dynamic chamber technique showed net deposition in general; however, net emission from the old leaves occurred 1 day after the application at heading. In contrast, the xylem sap NH(4)(+) concentrations increased markedly 1 day after both applications, which suggests direct transportation of NH(4)(+) from the rice roots to the above-ground parts. The applications resulted in no obvious increase in the leaf apoplastic NH(4)(+) concentrations. The relationship between the NH(4)(+) concentration in the xylem sap and that in the leaf apoplast was uncertain, although the NH(4)(+) in the xylem sap came from the roots and the NH(4)(+) in the apoplast might be affected by the stomatal deposition of NH(3). The stomatal NH(3) compensation point of rice was estimated to be 0.1-4.1 nmol mol(-1) air (20 degrees C). The direction and intensity of the exchange flux through the stomata, interpreted on the basis of the temperature-corrected NH(3) compensation point, agreed with the observed exchange flux between the rice leaf blades and the atmosphere.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2008.00299.x

  • 70.植物の一生に及ぼすアレロパシー活性を検定するライフサイクルアセスメント(LCA法)の開発とDNAマイクロアレイによる影響の解析(口頭発表)

    藤井 義晴, 平館 俊太郎, 加茂 綱嗣, ゴリッシュ アンナ, 菅野 真実

    植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集   2008年10月

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    Plants life cycle starts from germination, then early vegetative growth, maturing stage, finally regeneration stage and seed formation. We have already developed assessment methods for allelopathy during the early growth stage. The present study aims at the evaluation of Allelopathic effect in the whole life cycle of plants. Establishment of Life cycle assessment (LCA): Sterilized seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana were sown in an Agripot containing 1% agar with Murashige and Skoog Medium and 1% sucrose. Plants were maintained for 7 weeks, until seed formation. Triple plant box apparatus was mad...

  • 10-16 ヘアリーベッチとハリエンジュに含まれるシアナミドが植物に及ぼす影響 : 成長への影響とDNAマイクロアレイによる遺伝子発現への影響評価(10.植物の代謝,2008年度愛知大会)

    藤井 義晴, Golisz Anna, 菅野 真実, 加茂 綱嗣, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2008年9月

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  • P2-5 小笠原諸島・父島、母島、兄島における植生と表層土壌の化学的特性との関係(ポスター紹介,2.土壌有機・無機化学,2008年度愛知大会)

    森田 沙綾香, 楠本 良延, 北川 靖夫, 藤井 義晴, 加藤 英寿, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2008年9月

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  • P10-5 全活性法による土壌中での他感作用の定量的評価および根圏土壌法による他感作用活性(ポスター紹介,10.植物の代謝,2008年度愛知大会)

    大瀬 健嗣, 古林 章弘, 山谷 紘子, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2008年9月

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  • Identification of a sex pheromone component of the Japanese mealybug, Planococcus kraunhiae (Kuwana)

    Hajime Sugie, Mayumi Teshiba, Yutaka Narai, Takafumi Tsutsumi, Nobuo Sawamura, Jun Tabata, Syuntaro Hiradate

    APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY   2008年8月

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    A sex pheromone component of the Japanese mealybug, Planococcus kraunhiae, was isolated and identified. A crude extract of the pheromone obtained by airborne collection was first fractionated with Florisil column chromatography. The activity of each fractionated sample was examined in Petri dishes. The active fraction was further purified by HPLC and an active component was isolated by preparative GC. The purified compound showed attraction activity to adult males of P. kraunhiae in the field. The chemical structure was determined to be 2-isopropyliden-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl butyrate by GC-MS and NMR analyses.

    DOI: 10.1303/aez.2008.369

  • Characterization of root mucilage from Melastoma malabathricum, with emphasis on its roles in aluminum accumulation

    Toshihiro Watanabe, Seiji Misawa, Syuntaro Hiradate, Mitsuru Osaki

    NEW PHYTOLOGIST   2008年5月

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    Plant roots exude viscous polysaccharides, called mucilage. One of the suggested roles of mucilage is immobilization of toxic metal cations, including aluminum (Al), in the rhizosphere.
    Mucilage exuded from roots of Melastoma malabathricum (Al accumulator) was characterized in comparison with that of Zea mays (maize; Al nonaccumulator).
    Removal of mucilage significantly reduced Al accumulation in M. malabathricum. The cation adsorption affinity of M. malabathricum mucilage was higher for Al and lanthanum (La) than for barium (Ba), whereas that of maize mucilage was in the order Ba > La > Al. A (27)Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of the Al-adsorbed mucilage and bioassay with alfalfa seedlings indicated that the concentrated Al in the mucilage of M. malabathricum, unlike that of maize, bound very weakly to cation exchange sites of mucilage.
    The higher charge density in M. malabathricum mucilage, derived from unmethylated uronic acid, is inferred to be related to preferential adsorption of trivalent cation. Not only a higher degree of methylation in the uronic acid (glucuronic acid) but also H(+) release from roots to the mucilage appears to be responsible for the loose binding of Al in M. malabathricum mucilage. These characteristics of mucilage may help Al hyperaccumulation in M. malabathricum.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02397.x

  • 外来生物法と「外来植物のリスク評価と蔓延防止」に関する研究のねらい (特集 外来植物のリスク評価と蔓延防止(1))

    藤井 義晴, 平舘 俊太郎

    農業技術   2008年5月

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  • シンクロトロン放射光を用いた微量元素の動態解明 : 植物・土壌試料への適用(2007年東京大会シンポジウムの概要)

    平舘 俊太郎, 寺田 靖子, 北島 信行, 高橋 美智子, 西澤 直子, 山口 紀子, 竹中 眞

    日本土壌肥料學雜誌   2008年4月

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    Speciation and behavior analyses of trace elements using a synchrotron radiation light source : application to plant and soil samples

  • Limited distribution of natural cyanamide in higher plants: Occurrence in Vicia villosa subsp varia, V. cracca, and Robinia pseudo-acacia

    Tsunashi Kamo, Mai Endo, Masae Sato, Ryohei Kasahara, Hiroko Yamaya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Nobuhiro Hirai, Mitsuru Hirota

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   2008年3月

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    Cyanamide (NH2CN) has recently been proven to be a natural product, although it has been synthesized for over 100 years for agricultural and industrial purposes. The distribution of natural cyanamide appears to be limited, as indicated by our previous investigation of 101 weed species. In the present study, to investigate the distribution of natural cyanamide in Vicia species, we monitored the cyanamide contents in V villosa subsp. varia, V cracca, and V amoena during their pre-flowering and flowering seasons. It was confirmed that V cracca was superior to V villosa subsp. varia in accumulating natural cyanamide, and that V amoena was unable to biosynthesize this compound under laboratory condition examined. The localization of cyanamide in the leaves of V villosa subsp. varia seedlings was also clarified. In a screening study to find cyanamide-biosynthesizing plants, only Robinia pseudo-acacia was found to contain cyanamide among 452 species of higher plants. We have investigated 553 species to date, but have so far found the ability to biosynthesize cyanamide in only three species, V villosa subsp. varia, V. cracca and R. pseudo-acacia. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.11.004

  • アスパラガスのアレロパシー活性に及ぼす光質の影響

    駒井 史訓, 渡部 泰希, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学会雑誌. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表   2008年3月

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    Influence of light quality on allelopathic effects of asparagus through aseptic bioassay

  • Adsorption of herbicidally active degradate 2-(2,4-dichloro-3-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid on an andosol

    Hirotatsu Murano, Takashi Otani, Akihiro Furubayashi, Kohji Yamamura, Katsuichiro Kobayashi, Syuntaro Hiradate

    JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY   2008年2月

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    The adsorption of 2-(2,4-dichloro-3-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid (DMPA) on the surface horizon of a humus-rich Andosol was examined. To investigate the mechanisms of adsorption, chemically treated Andosols, such as organic matter removed Andosol, organic matter and active metals removed Andosol, and clay minerals of the Andosol, were prepared. Furthermore, humic acid was extracted from the Andosol. The mechanisms of the DMPA adsorption were identified by using those untreated and chemically treated Andosols and the humic acid. The amount of DMPA adsorbed increased with decreasing equilibrium pH value. Active surface hydroxyl groups were identified as the most important soil functional group in DMPA adsorption. The predominant mechanism of DMPA adsorption on the Andosol is a ligand-exchange reaction, in which an active surface hydroxyl on Al and/or Fe is replaced by a carboxylic group of DMPA. A comparative study revealed that the amount of DMPA adsorbed was slightly greater than that of (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D), especially at equilibrium pH values below 5. This is because the octanol-water partition coefficient (log K(ow),) of DMPA in the equilibrium pH range is higher than that of 2,4-D, and SOM participates in the adsorption process through a hydrophobic interaction.

    DOI: 10.1021/jf0729816

  • Isolation and estimation of the aggregation pheromone from Eysarcoris lewisi (Distant) (Heteroptera : Pentatomidae)

    Masami Takita, Hajime Sugie, Jun Tabata, Syoichi Ishii, Syuntaro Hiradate

    APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY   2008年2月

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    A male-produced crude aggregation pheromone from Eysarcoris lewisi (Distant) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) was collected from volatiles emitted by adult males. It was purified with high performance liquid chromatography using a silica gel column, followed by preparative gas chromatography. The attraction activity of each fraction was field tested using water pan traps. The isolated compound of the aggregation pheromone component was analyzed by GC-MS and NMR, and the chemical structure was estimated to be (Z)-2-methyl-6-(4-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hex-1-yl)hept-2-enl-o1.

    DOI: 10.1303/aez.2008.11

  • Determination of the absolute configuration of the male aggregation pheromone, 2-methyl-6-(4′-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl)hept-2-en-1-ol, of the stink bug Erysarcoris lewisi (Distant) as 2Z,6R,1′S,5′S by its synthesis

    Kenji Mori, Takuya Tashiro, Tomoko Yoshimura, Masami Takita, Jun Tabata, Shyuntaro Hiradate, Hajime Sugie

    Tetrahedron Letters   2008年1月

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    Determination of the absolute configuration of the male aggregation pheromone, 2-methyl-6-(4 '-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl)hept-2-en-1-ol, of the stink bug Erysarcoris lewisi (Distant) as 2Z,6R,1 ' S,5 ' S by its synthesis
    Lipase-catalyzed asymmetric acetylation of a mixture of (6R,1'S,4'S,5'R)- and (6R,1'R,4'R,5'S)-7'-norsesquisabinen-4'-ol (3) afforded a separable mixture of the recovered former and the acetate of the latter. The recovered alcohol was oxidized to (6R,1'S,5'R)-sesquisabina ketone (2), whose absolute configuration could be assigned by its CD comparison with (1R,5S)-sabina ketone (4). Conversion of (6R,1'S,5'R)-sesquisabina ketone (2) to the bioactive pheromone revealed the stereostructure of the male aggregation pheromone of the stink bug Erysarcoris lewisi (Distant) to be (2Z,6R,1'S,5'S)-2-methyl-6-(4'-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl)hept-2-en-1-ol (sesquisabinen-1-ol, 1). (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.11.036

  • Mechanism for the detoxification of aluminum in roots of tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze)

    Akio Morita, Osamu Yanagisawa, Satoshi Takatsu, Setsuko Maeda, Syuntaro Hiradate

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   2008年1月

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    To determine the mechanism of aluminum (Al) detoxification in the roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze), the amounts of Al and Al-chelating compounds (fluoride (F), organic acids and catechins) were measured and the chemical forms of A, in root cell extracts were identified by the application of Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Tea plants were cultivated in nutrient solutions containing 0, 4, 1.0 and 4.0 mM of Al at pH 4.2 for approximately 10 weeks. The levels of soluble Al, water-soluble oxalate and citrate, but not F, malate or catechins in young roots increased with an increase in the concentration of Al in the treatment solution. The Al-27 NMR spectra of root tips and cell sap extracted from root tips that had been treated with Al were almost identical and had four signals, with two (11 and 16 ppm) apparently corresponding to the known chemical shifts of Al-oxalate complexes. In the spectra of cell sap, the resonances at 11 and 16 ppm increased with an increase in the Al contents. These results suggest that the levels of Al-oxalate complexes increased in response to an increase in the Al level, implying that oxalate is a key Al-chelating compound in the mechanism of Al detoxification in the tea root. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.06.007

  • 68.ヘアリーベッチにおけるシアナミドの生合成部位(口頭発表)

    笠原 良平, 加茂 綱嗣, 廣田 満, 平舘 俊太郎, 山谷 紘子, 藤井 義晴

    植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集   2007年10月

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    Cyanamide (NH_2CN) has been isolated from hairy vetch Vicia villosa subsp. varia as a natural product for the first time. We have already clarified that the cyanamide content in hairy vetch seedlings cultivated in the growth chamber reaches its maximum at 3-4 week. The present study aims at elucidating the organ in which cyanamide is biosynthesized. The cyanamide contents in the leaves, the stems, and the roots of 4-week-old seedlings were 629 ± 209, 256 ± 134, and < 20 μg/gFW (average ± SD), respectively. This suggests that cyanamide is biosynthesized in the aerial parts (the leaves plus t...

  • アスパラガスのアスパラガスに対するアレロパシー様活性の無菌的生物検定

    駒井 史訓, 渡部 泰希, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学会雑誌. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表   2007年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Aseptic bioassay for estimation of asparagus allelopathic effects toward asparagus seeds

  • (78) ムギ栽培圃場由来の細菌によるDeoxynivalenol分解(平成19年度日本植物病理学会大会講演要旨)

    生長 陽子, 佐藤 育男, 沼尻 将宜, 吉田 重信, 平館 俊太郎, 小板橋 基夫, 對馬 誠也

    日本植物病理學會報   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    (78) Deoxynivalenol- degrading Bacteria Isolated from a Wheat Field(Abstracts of the Papers Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society)

  • P2-7 土壌環境中におけるカテコール化合物の吸着・変換反応と植物生育阻害活性の低下(2.土壌有機・無機化学,2007年度東京大会)

    古林 章弘, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P11-2 在来植物および外来植物が生育する土壌環境 : 在来植物4種,外来植物4種,および雑種タンポポの室内栽培実験から(11.植物の栄養生態,2007年度東京大会)

    森田 沙綾香, 平舘 俊太郎, 楠本 良延, 山本 勝利, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2007年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • P10-6 ギンネム葉に含まれる植物生育阻害物質の単離・同定と土壌中における生育阻害活性の変化 : 全活性を指標にして(10.植物の代謝,2007年度東京大会)

    山谷 紘子, 平舘 俊太郎, 大瀬 健嗣, 古林 章弘, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2007年8月

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  • P10-16 根圏土壌法による外来植物の他感作用検定および他感作用活性の季節的変化(10.植物の代謝,2007年度東京大会)

    大瀬 健嗣, 古林 章弘, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2007年8月

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  • P10-14 侵入・導入される外来植物の他感作用のプラントボックス法による検索 : 15年間の検定結果1万件のデータベース化(10.植物の代謝,2007年度東京大会)

    藤井 義晴, 菅野 真実, Pariasca Dolorosa, 大瀬 健嗣, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2007年8月

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  • Fine fractionation and purification of the fulvic acid fraction using adsorption and precipitation procedures

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Takuya Yonezawa, Hiroshi Takesako

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2007年8月

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    記述言語:英語  

    A new scheme for fine fractionating and purifying a crude fulvic acid fraction was proposed. The fractionation procedure includes an adsorption process of the fulvic acid fraction on a hydrophobic resin (e.g. XAD-8 and DAX-8) and a sequence of successive elution processes. This procedure yields a non-adsorbed fraction (FA-1), a 0.1 mol L-1 HCl eluted fraction (FA-2), a distilled water eluted fraction (FA-3) and a 0.1 mol L-1 NaOH eluted fraction (FA-4). To remove salts and water, the fractionated organic molecules were co-precipitated with Al hydroxides at pH 5 and collected by centrifugation. Recoveries of carbon from the crude fulvic acid fraction of an Andosol were 42, 20, 19 and 14% for FA-1, FA-2, FA-3 and FA-4, respectively, and 96% of carbon was recovered in total. Optical properties and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra indicated that the chemical properties of FA-I were similar to those of FA-2 and were hydrophilic, while the chemical properties of FA-3 were very close to those of FA-4 and were hydrophobic (estimated hydrophobicity: humic acid >> FA-4 ! FA-3 >> FA-2 >= FA-1). A fulvic acid that can be isolated using the International Humic Substances Society method would be, in practice, a mixture of hydrophilic fulvic acid (FA-2) and hydrophobic fulvic acid (FA-3 + FA-4). The method developed in the present study will provide more detailed, quantitative and complete information of the fulvic acid fraction of soils.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00159.x

  • Characterization of major and trace elements in sclerotium grains

    M. Watanabe, Y. Inoue, N. Sakagami, O. Bolormaa, K. Kawasaki, S. Hiradate, N. Fujitake, H. Ohta

    EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE   2007年6月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Sclerotium grains in soil contain humus-metal complexes that are probably produced from fungal metabolites. The characterization of major elements in sclerotium grains collected from volcanic ash soils in Mt Myoko was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FT-IR spectrometry and CHN analysis, and the concentration of trace elements was determined by PIXE (particle induced X-ray emission spectrometer) analysis. The content of major elements, C, H, N, O and Al, was approximately 47.6, 3.32, 0.78, 30.2 and 1.4% by mass, respectively. Trace elements such as Ti, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Br and Pb were detected in the grains at concentrations between 10 and 100 mu g g(-1). Functional carbon groups for the whole grain were characterized by the dominance of O-alkyl C associated with aromatic C. The comparison between the surface and subsurface (matrix) of the grain showed that the concentrations of O, C and N were relatively greater on the surface of sclerotium grains than in the matrix. The proportion of carbon having C-O, C=O, and O-C=O bonds, O and N showed a tendency to decrease from the surface towards the matrix. The proportion of C assigned as C-C and/or C-H bonds had a tendency to increase towards the matrix associated with Al.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2006.00868.x

  • Effects of soil acidification and forest type on water soluble soil organic matter properties

    Tsutomu Ohno, Ivan J. Fernandez, Syuntaro Hiradate, Jessica F. Sherman

    GEODERMA   2007年6月

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    Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in ecosystem processes such as nutrient release and utilization, mobilization and transport of metals, and carbon sequestration. We investigated the chemical properties of soils from the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM) which is the site of a long-term paired-watershed experimental acidification study that includes both deciduous and coniferous stands. Multidimensional fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of the spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and size-exclusion chromatography, were used to characterize the DOM extracted from soils sampled from BBWM at four soil depth increments in 2003. Principal component analysis of the base cation, metal, and total C content of the mineral horizons indicated a strong negative relationship between pH and soil At, Fe, P, and C. The close clustering of Al, Fe, P, and C loadings for the mineral soils suggests that organic matter is important for At and Fe mobilization and that P solubility is influenced by the metal mobilization process. PARAFAC modeled the fluorescence spectra with three fluorescing components that were in the landscape regions typical of humic substances: (339 nm excitation/470 nm emission), (324 nm/418 nm), and (<240/465 nm) and the relative distributions of the three components were similar amongst the four treatments and four soil depth increments. The size exclusion chromatograms also revealed a high degree of similarity between all the extracted DOM. Our data suggests that litter quality as influenced by forest composition and ecosystem acidification exert a minor influence on the chemical composition of the water-soluble soil DOM fraction. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.04.004

  • 14C ages and δ13C of sclerotium grains found in forest soils

    Makiko WATANABE, Hiroyuki SATO, Hiroyuki MATSUZAKI, Takayuki KOBAYASHI, Nobuo SAKAGAMI, Yuji MAEJIMA, Hiroyuki OHTA, Nobuhide FUJITAKE, Syuntaro HIRADATE

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   2007年4月

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    記述言語:英語  

    C-14 ages and delta C-13 of sclerotium grains found in forest soils
    C-14 ages and delta C-13 were examined for sclerotium grains to elucidate the characteristics of these grains distributed in forest soils. The ages of the grains from surface A horizons and buried A horizons were ca 100-200 BP and ca 300-1,200 BP, respectively. In comparison with humic acid extracts, the C-14 ages were in the increasing order: humic acid fraction < humic acid Pg fraction < sclerotium grains. The delta C-13 values for sclerotium grains in surface A horizons and buried A horizons were approximately -31 parts per thousand to -28 parts per thousand, and these values were approximately 2-4 parts per thousand smaller than those of humic acids and soils. The C content of the grains had a tendency to decrease with increasing C-14 ages, while the C content of humic acid was constant with age. The C-14 ages of sclerotium grains indicate the individual age of grain formation, which are more likely to assign closer ages to the beginning of soil forming than the C-14 ages of humic acid. The low delta C-13 values for sclerotium grains have presumably originated from characteristically biological organics, which may be protected from attack in soils because of their structure.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00121.x

  • Aluminum status of synthetic Al–humic substance complexes and their influence on plant root growth

    Tadashi TAKAHASHI, Masami NANZYO, Syuntaro HIRADATE

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   2007年4月

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    Aluminum status of synthetic Al-humic substance complexes and their influence on plant root growth
    Aluminum (Al)-humus complexes are abundant in the A horizons of non-allophanic Andosols and contribute to the unique properties of volcanic ash soils, such as high reactivity with phosphate ions and a low bulk density. Natural non-allophanic Andosols commonly show Al toxicity to plant roots. There have been very few studies examining the contribution of Al-humus complexes to the Al toxicity of plant roots, although the complexes are the probable source of the toxic Al. We extracted humic substances from the A horizon of a non-allophanic Andosol using NaOH solution and reacted the humic substances and partially neutralized the AlCl3 solution at three pH conditions (pH 4.0, 4.5 and 5.5) to prepare pure Al-humic substance complexes. The Al solubility study (equilibrium study in 10(-2) mol L-1 CaCl2) and the Al release study (a stirred-flow method using 10(-3) mol L-1 acetate buffer solution adjusted to pH 3.5) indicated that all the synthetic complexes easily and rapidly release monomeric Al into the liquid phase with slight changes in pH and ion strength, although the Al contents and their extent of polymerization are considerably different among the complexes. A plant growth test was conducted using a medium containing the Al-humic substance complexes and perlite mixture. Root growth in burdock (Arctium lappa) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was reduced equally by all three complex media, and the roots showed the typical injury symptoms of Al toxicity. These results indicate that in soils dominated by Al-humus complexes the Al released from the Al-humus complexes, as well as the exchangeable Al adsorbed by soil minerals, is definitely toxic to plant roots.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00114.x

  • Biodegradation of methylthio-s-triazinessd where science by Rhodococcus sp strain FJ1117YT, and production of the corresponding methylsulfinyl, methylsulfonyl and hydroxy analogues

    Kunihiko Fujii, Kazuhiro Takagi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Akio Iwasaki, Naoki Harada

    PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE   2007年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    A novel bacterial strain FJ1117YT was isolated from an enrichment culture with the herbicide simetryn. The isolate was capable of degrading the herbicide supplied as the sole sulfur source in an aquatic batch culture. The strain FJ1117YT was identified as that belonging to Rhodococcus sp. on the basis of comparative morphology, physiological characteristics and comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The biodegradation pathway of simetryn was established by isolating the methylsulfinyl analogue as the first metabolite and by identification of the methylsulfonyl intermediate and the hydroxy analogue by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and/or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The results indicate that the methylthio group was progressively oxidised and hydrolysed by the strain FJ1117YT. The same strain is also able to metabolise other methylthio-s-triazines such as ametryn, desmetryn, dimethametryn and prometryn through similar pathways. (c) 2007 Society of Chemical Industry.

    DOI: 10.1002/ps.1331

  • アスパラガスのアレロパシー活性の品種間差異

    駒井 史訓, 口石 なつき, 渡部 泰希, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学会雑誌. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表   2007年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Varietal differences in allelopathic effects of asparagus seedlings

  • C404 アメリカフウロに含まれる抗菌物質の土壌中での青枯病菌抑制効果

    大城 篤, 河野 伸二, 照屋 亮, 澤抵 哲也, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 夏目 雅裕, 安部 浩

    講演要旨集   2007年3月

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    C404 The antimicrobial effect of the antimicrobial substances contained in Geranium carolinianum L. in soil

  • Role of catechol structure in the adsorption and transformation reactions of L-DOPA in soils

    Akihiro Furubayashi, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii

    JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY   2007年2月

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    記述言語:英語  

    3-( 3',4'-Dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine ( L-DOPA), which is synthesized in velvet bean ( Mucuna pruriens), inhibits plant growth. The concentration of L-DOPA in soil is reduced by adsorption and transformation reactions, which can result in the reduction of its plant-growth-inhibitory activity. To determine which part of the L-DOPA structure is involved in the adsorption and soil transformation reactions, we compared the kinetics of L-DOPA disappearance in a volcanic ash soil with that of L-phenylalanine ( 3-phenyl-Lalanine) and L-tyrosine ( 3-( 4'-hydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine), compounds that are similar in structure to L-DOPA but do not have a catechol ( o-dihydroxybenzene) moiety. L-Phenylalanine and L-tyrosine were not adsorbed and transformed in the soil at equilibrium pH values between 4 and 7. These results suggest that the adsorption and transformation reactions of L-DOPA in the soil involve the catechol moiety and not the amino and carboxylic acid groups, which are common to all three compounds. Like L-DOPA, (+)catechin, another allelochemical that contains a catechol moiety, underwent adsorption and soil transformation reactions. Thus, we concluded that the concentrations of allelochemicals bearing a catechol moiety in soils will decrease rapidly owing to adsorption and transformation reactions, and this decrease will be faster in soils with a high pH value or high adsorption ability. Owing to this decrease in concentration, allelopathic phenomena may not occur.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10886-006-9218-5

  • 一般講演の概要と会議が伝えたメッセージ(第18回世界土壌科学会議(WCSS)報告,国内外情報)

    平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料學雜誌   2007年2月

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    Overview of General Presentations and Messages Mediated by the Congress(Report on the 18th World Congress of Soil Science)

  • Adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by an Andosol

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Akihiro Furubayashi, Natsuyo Uchida, Yoshiharu Fujii

    JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY   2007年1月

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    記述言語:英語  

    To identify the important soil components involved in 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,41-D) adsorption on Andosols, 2,4-D adsorption on a surface horizon of an Andosol was compared with that on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated (soil organic matter [SOM] was removed), acid-oxalate (OX)-treated (active metal hydroxides and SOM were removed), and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB)-treated (free and active metal [hydr]oxides and SOM were removed) soil samples at equilibrium pHs ranging from 4 to 8. Although the untreated soil contained a large amount of organic C (71.9 g kg(-1)), removal of SOM had little effect on 2,4-D adsorption. Active surface hydroxyls, which were attached to the active and free metal (hydr)oxides and metal SOM complexes, were identified as the most important soil functional group for 2,4-D adsorption. The dominant mechanism of the 2,4-D adsorption was a ligand exchange reaction in which the carboxylic group of 2,4-D displaced the active surface hydroxyl associated with metals and formed a strong coordination bond between the 2,4-D molecule and soil solid phase. The ligand exchange reaction reasonably accounted for the selective adsorption of 2,4-D over Cl-, competitive adsorption of phosphate over 2,4-D, reduction in plant-growth-inhibitory activity of soil-adsorbed 2,4-D, and the high 2,4-D adsorption ability of Andosols. Although a humic acid purified from the soil did not adsorb 2,4-D, the presence of the humic acid increased 2,4-D adsorption on Al and Fe, probably by inhibiting the hydrolysis and polymerization of Al and Fe resulting in the preservation of available adsorption sites on these metals. The adsorption behavior of 2,4-D on soils could be a good index for predicting the adsorption behavior of other organic acids in soils.

    DOI: 10.2134/jeq2005.0415

  • Characterization of allophanic Andisols by solid-state 13C, 27Al, and 29Si NMR and by C stable isotopic ratio, δ13C

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Hideaki Hirai, Hitoshi Hashimoto

    Geoderma   2006年12月

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    Characterization of allophanic Andisols by solid-state C-13, Al-27, and Si-29 NMR and by C stable isotopic ratio, delta C-13
    Three representative allophanic Andisols in Japan were evaluated by solid-state C-13, Al-27, and Si-29 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and stable isotopic ratio of carbon (delta C-13). The solid-state cross polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) C-13 NMR spectra were effective in characterizing crude soil C without any chemical treatment when soil C content was > 100 g C kg(-1). Aliphatic, O-alkyl, and carbonyl C were relatively abundant in the uppermost horizons, whereas aromatic C was concentrated in the subsurface horizons, showing its persistence and tolerance to degradation in subsurface horizons. Contribution ratios of C4-plant-derived C (mainly from Miscanthus sinensis) on the total CRC4 which were evaluated from delta C-13 value, were 35% to 42%, 59% to 62%, and 50% to 53% in subsurface horizons, and 12%, 23%, and 48% in uppermost horizons, for the three soils. The decline in CRC4 values in the uppermost horizons could be an effect of recent vegetation. Solid-state Al-27 and Si-21 NMR revealed that most part of the tetrahedral Al in volcanic glass had already weathered into octahedral Al and a large amount of allophanic constituents (allophane, imogolite, allophane-like constituents including protoimogolite) was formed in B horizon within the past 25,000 C-14 y. Allophanic constituents determined by Si-29 NMR were compared with those dissolved by acid-oxalate, and differences between them were discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.05.007

  • 沖積土壌におけるアスパラガスの連作障害に対するアレロパシーの関与(栽培管理・作型)

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, 北澤 裕明, 平舘 俊太郎, 篠原 温

    園芸学研究   2006年12月

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    アスパラガスでは改植後,新植圃場に比べて減収し,若年株から欠株が発生するなどの原因不明の生育障害が多く見受けられる.本研究では,アスパラガスの連作障害における要因の一つであると考えられるアレロパシーの関与について検討した.アスパラガスの根圏土壌では,アスパラガスおよびレタスに対して強い生育阻害活性が認められた.その活性は,根圏土壌の塩類の集積やpHの変動,無機養分の異常によるものではなかった.また,アスパラガスの茎葉の生育阻害活性を検討したところ,茎葉をそのまま土壌中にすき込んでもアスパラガスの生育阻害や減収の大きな原因にはならないと考えられた.一方,アスパラガスの貯蔵根には強い生育阻害活性が認められ,その貯蔵根から惨出するアレロパシー物質がアスパラガスの連作障害の一つの要因であると推察された.

    DOI: 10.2503/hrj.5.431

  • 新規に開発した手法を利用したアスパラガス根圏土壌のアレロパシー活性測定法(栽培管理・作型)

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 篠原 温

    園芸学研究   2006年12月

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    アスパラガスの根から根圏土壌中に放出される物質による作用を検定する新たな手法の開発を試みた.開発した根圏土壌アッセイ法では,土壌に催芽移植するバイオアッセイ法と類似した結果が得られ,従来のバイオアッセイ法より土壌供試量が少ない場合に有効な検定法であった.根圏土壌アッセイ法により,アレロパシーによる生育阻害の効率的な評価が可能になった.また,現地で普及している活性炭資材を利用したアレロパシーの回避技術を実験室レベルで評価することも可能になった.この検定法により,活性炭資材の効率的な利用が図れるとともに,適切な作付けを指導できる可能性が示唆された.

    DOI: 10.2503/hrj.5.443

  • アスパラガス連作障害におけるアレロパシー回避のための活性炭の利用(栽培管理・作型)

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, 北澤 裕明, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 篠原 温

    園芸学研究   2006年12月

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    アスパラガス生育阻害へのアレロパシー物質の関与をプラントボックス法を用いて評価した結果,アスパラガスには強いアレロパシー活性があることを明らかにした.続いて,改良プラントボックス法を開発し,アスパラガスのアレロパシー活性と吸着資材の評価をした結果,ある種の活性炭はアスパラガスのアレロパシー物質を吸着し,検定植物であるレタスの生育阻害を回避できることが明らかとなった.また,アスパラガスの圃場試験においても,改植時の活性炭の処理によって,無処理区に比べて地下部重,貯蔵根数,株養成量,GI&#039;が改善された.

    DOI: 10.2503/hrj.5.437

  • 49.高等植物におけるシアナミドの分布(口頭発表,植物化学調節学会第41回大会)

    佐藤 雅恵, 加茂 綱嗣, 笠原 良平, 加藤 健司, 廣田 満, 平舘 俊太郎, 山谷 紘子, 藤井 義晴, 平井 伸博

    植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集   2006年10月

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    49.Distribution of cyanamide among higher plants

  • PB-15 ムギ栽培圃場から分離されたDeoxynivalenol分解細菌(バイオレメディエーション,ポスターセッションB,(1)ポスター発表会,研究発表会)

    生長 陽子, 佐藤 育男, 沼尻 将宜, 吉田 重信, 平館 俊太郎, 小板橋 基夫, 對馬 誠也

    日本微生物生態学会講演要旨集   2006年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    PB-15 Deoxynivalenol-degrading soil bacterium isolated from a wheat field(Bioremediation,Session B,(1)Poster Presentation)

  • 10-1 野外で栽培した秋まきヘアリーベッチ中シアナミド含量の経時的変化(10. 植物の代謝, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    山谷 紘子, 平舘 俊太郎, 加茂 綱嗣, 中島 江理, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2006年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • アスパラガスの地下部におけるアレロパシー活性の雌雄間差異

    駒井 史訓, 口石 なつき, 中島 寿亀, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    園芸学会雑誌. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表   2006年9月

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    Sexual differences in allelopathic effects of female and male asparagus roots

  • アスパラガスのアレロパシーに関する研究 : (第10報)アスパラガス連作障害における活性炭を利用したアレロパシー回避技術の確立

    元木 悟, 西原 英治, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 篠原 温

    園芸学会雑誌. 別冊, 園芸学会大会研究発表   2006年9月

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    Studies on allelopathy of asparagus : 10. Development of allelopathy reduction technology using activated carbon for alleviating the injury associated with continuous cropping of asparagus

  • Quantification of cyanamide contents in herbaceous plants

    Tsunashi Kamo, Masae Sato, Kenji Kato, Syuntaro Hiradate, Eri Nakajima, Yoshiharu Fujii, Mitsuru Hirota

    BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY   2006年9月

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    Cyanamide (NH2CN) is found in nature, although it has long been recognized as an industrial product. Distribution of cyanamide in the plant kingdom was investigated using a direct quantitative determination method to detect and measure cyanamide by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (the SID-GC-MS method). The SID-GC-MS method proved to be a robust way to quantify cyanamide contents in the extracts of 101 species of herbaceous plants. The average recovery of cyanamide from all plants tested was 55.6 +/- 20.3%. Vicia villosa and V. cracca contained cyanamide at 369-498 mu g/gFW and 3,460-3,579 mu g/gFW respectively, while the other 99 species contained no detectable cyanamide (< 1 mu g/gFW). This result suggests that distribution of cyanamide in the plant kingdom is limited and uneven.

    DOI: 10.1271/bbb.60171

  • P11-9 北関東における草地植生の植物群落タイプと土壌化学特性の関係(11. 植物の栄養生態, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    平舘 俊太郎, 楠本 良延, 森田 沙綾香, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2006年9月

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  • P11-3 タンポポ属植物が生育する土壌の化学特性 : シナノタンポポと雑種タンポポの分化(11. 植物の栄養生態, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    森田 沙綾香, 平舘 俊太郎, 楠本 良延, 保谷 彰彦, 芝池 博幸, 山本 勝利, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2006年9月

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  • P10-3 ヘアリーベッチを利用した不耕起稲作法における雑草抑制効果(10. 植物の代謝, 2006年度秋田大会講演要旨)

    藤井 義晴, 古林 章弘, 堀元 栄枝, 荒木 肇, 嶺田 拓也, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2006年9月

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  • Evidence of cyanamide production in hairy vetch Vicia villosa

    T Kamo, K Kato, S Hiradate, E Nakajima, Y Fujii, M Hirota

    NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH   2006年5月

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    Cyanamide (NH2CN) has recently been isolated as a plant growth inhibitor from Vicia villosa, which is the first discovery of cyanamide from natural sources. To reveal the presence of the biosynthesized cyanamide in plants, 3.4 mM potassium (N-15) nitrate was administered to 15- to 35-day-old plants of V. villosa, from which the cyanamide was purified and subjected to GC/MS analysis. The isotopic ratio N-15/(N-14+N-15) of the cyanamide was calculated to be 0.143, while that of the cyanamide extracted from V. villosa grown in the presence of a natural N source was 0.0065. The N-15-enrichment proved de novo biosynthesis of cyanamide.

    DOI: 10.1080/14786410500143583

  • Production of quorum-sensing-related signal molecules by epiphytic bacteria inhabiting wheat heads

    S Yoshida, LL Kinkel, H Shinohara, N Numajiri, S Hiradate, M Koitabashi, K Suyama, H Negishi, S Tsushima

    CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY   2006年5月

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    The production of quorum-sensing-related signal molecules (QSRMs) among culturable bacteria comprising the community on wheat heads was investigated. The taxonomic position of 186 bacterial isolates obtained from ten heads was inferred based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, and their QSRM production was determined using two bioreporter strains of N-acylhomoserine lactones. Approximately 33% of isolates produced QSRMs, though the proportion of QSRM-producing isolates on a wheat head was significantly negatively correlated with population size. Most of the producing isolates were Pantoea species, most commonly Pantoea ananatis. Furthermore, the proportion of Pantoea ananatis that produced QSRMs was significantly negatively correlated with the number of bacterial genera (community richness) on each head. Finally, community richness was positively correlated with population size. Qualitative analysis using thin-layer-chromatography revealed that the QSRMs of Pantoea isolates were composed of at least two compounds. This is the first report indicating that Pantoea ananatis isolates inhabiting wheat heads are capable of producing QSRMs. QSRM production by Pantoea spp. may contribute to the predominance of this genus on wheat heads, particularly at relatively low population densities and community diversity.

    DOI: 10.1139/W05-146

  • Isolation and purification of hydrophilic fulvic acids by precipitation

    S Hiradate, T Yonezawa, H Takesako

    GEODERMA   2006年5月

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    Fulvic acids play an important role in the behavior of metals and hydrophobic organic chemicals in soil and water environments. The isolation and purification of the fulvic acids have been difficult to achieve, however, because these compounds are soluble in both alkaline and acidic solution, resulting in difficulty of dehydration and demineralization. We propose here a new procedure for isolating fulvic acids as precipitates. Our procedure includes pH-adjustment of the fulvic acid solution to weakly acidic to neutral pH range (4 to 7). In an Andisol, recoveries of the fulvic acids we prepared by precipitation at equilibrium pH of 5.0 were 86% (dissolved total organic carbon basis) and 97% (absorbance basis, 400 nm), whereas recoveries of fulvic acids adsorbed on XAD-8 resin (hydrophobic fulvic acids) were 14% and 28%, respectively. Recoveries of the fulvic acids were further increased in our procedure by adding Al. The mechanism forming the precipitates includes a complexation reaction of carboxylic groups of the fulvic acids with Al (ligand exchange reaction); this mechanism is identical to that for the retention of fulvic acids in many soils. Therefore, it is likely that our preparation procedure is appropriate for separating the fulvic acids stabilized in soils. Solid-state cross polarization and magic angle spinning C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra showed that the fulvic acids prepared by our precipitation procedure were relatively rich in O-alkyl carbons and poor in aromatic and alkyl carbons compared with those forms from the hydrophobic fulvic acids adsorbed on XAD-8 resin. A new scheme for preparing the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fulvic acids is also proposed here. The hydrophilic fulvic acids are likely to maintain high solubilities in water even after the formation of complexes with metals and may influence on their behavior. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.05.007

  • Direct quantitative determination of cyanamide by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Tsunashi Kamo, Eri Nakajima, Kenji Kato, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Journal of Chromatography A   2005年12月

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    Direct quantitative determination of cyanamide by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
    Cyanamide is a multifunctional agrochemical used, for example, as a pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer. Recent research has revealed that cyanamide is a natural product biosynthesized in a leguminous plant, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa). In the present study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) equipped with a capillary column for amines was used for direct quantitative determination of cyanamide. Quantitative signals for (N-14(2))cyanamide, (N-15(2))cyanamide (internal standard for stable isotope dilution method), and m-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile (internal standard for correcting errors in GC-MS analysis) were recorded as peak areas on mass chromatograms at m/z, 42 (A(42)). 44 (A(44)), and 171 (A(IS)), respectively. Total cyanamide content, (N-14(2))cyanamide plus (N-15(2))cyanamide, was determined as a function of (A(42) +A(44))/A(IS). Contents of (N-14(2))cyanamide and (N-15(2))cyanamide were then calculated by multiplying the total cyanamide content by A(42)/(A(42) + A(44)) and A(44)/(A(42) + A(44)), respectively. The limit of detection for the total cyanamide content by the GC-MS analysis was around 1 ng. The molar ratio of (N-14(2),)cyanamide to (N-15(2))cyanamide in the injected sample was equal to the observed A(42)/A(44) value in the range from 0.1 to 5. It was. therefore, possible to use the stable isotope dilution method to quantify the natural cyanamide content in samples, i.e., the natural cyanamide content was derived by subtracting the A(42)/A(44) ratio of the internal standard from the A(42)/A(44) ratio of sample spiked with internal standard, and then multiplying the resulting difference by the amount of added (N-15(2))cyanamide (SID-GC-MS method). This method successfully gave a reasonable value for the natural cyanamide content in hairy vetch, concurring with the value obtained by a conventional method in which cyanamide was derivatized to a photometrically active compound 4-cyanimido-1,2-naphthoquinone and analyzed with reversed-phase HPLC (CNQ-HPLC method). The determination range of cyanamide in the SID-GC-MS method was almost the same as that in the CNQ-HPLC method, however, the SID-GC-MS method was much simpler than the CNQ-HPLC method. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.08.035

  • Adsorption and transformation reactions of L-DOPA in soils

    A Furubayashi, S Hiradate, Y Fujii

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2005年10月

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    3-(3',4'-Dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA), which is a component of velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens), displays a high inhibitory activity to plant growth. The inhibitory activity is influenced by the presence of soils, because L-DOPA is eliminated in soils. In the present study, the effect of several soil types (volcanic ash, calcareous, and alluvial soils) on the L-DOPA disappearance was investigated at constant equilibrium pH values. In the presence of soils, L-DOPA disappeared with the reaction time, and the disappearance was associated with three reactions: adsorption reaction (characterized by fast and sudden disappearance of L-DOPA within the initial 8 h period), catalytic transformation reaction (constant L-DOPA disappearance throughout the reaction period), and biotransformation caused by microbial activity (accelerated L-DOPA disappearance observed after 72 h of reaction time). The adsorption and transformation reactions consisted of physicochemical reactions mediated by the presence of soils. The amount of L-DOPA adsorbed was largest in the presence of volcanic ash soil among the three soil types. It is likely that the mechanism of L-DOPA adsorption includes a ligand exchange reaction. In the presence of soils, L-DOPA transformation was observed at equilibrium pH values higher than 4 and it increased with increasing equilibrium pH values. In the absence of soil, however, L-DOPA transformation did not occur at an equilibrium pH value lower than 6.0, indicating that L-DOPA transformation was accelerated by the presence of soil. The rate of L-DOPA transformation mediated by soils at constant equilibrium pH value was in the following order: alluvial soil > calcareous soil > volcanic ash soil. The plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA was also reduced by the presence of soils, and the reduction in the case of L-DOPA was more obvious than in the case of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Based on the reduction effect of soils on the plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA (without pH-adjustment), calcareous soil ranked first, followed by volcanic ash soil, then alluvial soil. This was because the calcareous soil showed the highest soil pH value (7.8), and thereby the L-DOPA transformation reaction was accelerated. In soils with high pH values, the plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA could therefore not be detected.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00116.x

  • PA-09 健全コムギ穂に生息する細菌の群集構造およびクオラムセンシング関連シグナル分子の生産性(農耕地生態系,ポスターセッションA,ポスター発表)

    吉田 重信, Kinkel Linda L, 篠原 弘亮, 沼尻 将宜, 平舘 俊太郎, 小板橋 基夫, 田村 季実子, 陶山 一雄, 根岸 寛光, 對馬 誠也

    日本微生物生態学会講演要旨集   2005年10月

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    PA-09 Community structure of bacteria inhabiting wheat heads and their production of quorum sensing-related signal molecules(AGRICULTURAL SOIL ECOSYSTEM,Session A,(1) Poster presentations)

  • Allelopathic potential of Robinia pseudo-acacia L.

    H Nasir, Z Iqbal, S Hiradate, Y Fujii

    JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY   2005年9月

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    Robinia pseudo-acacia L. (black locust) is a nonindigenous species currently invading the central part of Japanese grasslands. Several allelochemicals were identified and characterized from the leaf tissue. The growth of both radicle and hypocotyl in the tested species (barnyard grass, white clover, lettuce, and Chinese cabbage) was reduced when grown in soil mixed with the leaves of R. pseudo-acacia at various concentrations. Aqueous leaf extracts, when bioassayed, exhibited a significant suppression of radicle growth. Chromatographic separation of an ethanolic extract of R. pseudo-acacia leaves resulted in isolation of three compounds, identified as robinetin (1), myricetin (2), and quercetin (3) by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. All inhibited root and shoot growth of lettuce. Robinetin, found in a large amount, caused 50% suppression of the root and shoot growth of lettuce at 100 ppm. The presence of these bioactive substances in leaf tissue suggests a potential role for flavonoids in R. pseudo-acacia invasion in introduced habitats.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10886-005-6084-5

  • P10-7 外来植物を含む1200種の植物の他感作用のサンドイッチ法による検索(ポスター紹介,10.植物の代謝,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    藤井 義晴, 服部 眞幸, 中島 江理, 菅野 真実, 古林 章弘, 荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2005年9月

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  • P10-6 ユキヤナギに含まれる植物生育阻害物質シス-ケイ皮酸グルコシド(ポスター紹介,10.植物の代謝,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    平舘 俊太郎, 森田 沙綾香, 原田 二郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2005年9月

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  • P10-4 土壌環境中におけるカテキンの化学形態と植物生育阻害活性の変化(ポスター紹介,10.植物の代謝,日本土壌肥料学会 2005年度大会講演要旨集)

    古林 章弘, 平舘 俊太郎, Nasir Habib, Iqbal Zahida, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2005年9月

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  • Allelopathic potential of Robinia pseudo-acacia L.

    H Nasir, Z Iqbal, S Hiradate, Y Fujii

    JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY   2005年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Robinia pseudo-acacia L. (black locust) is a nonindigenous species currently invading the central part of Japanese grasslands. Several allelochemicals were identified and characterized from the leaf tissue. The growth of both radicle and hypocotyl in the tested species (barnyard grass, white clover, lettuce, and Chinese cabbage) was reduced when grown in soil mixed with the leaves of R. pseudo-acacia at various concentrations. Aqueous leaf extracts, when bioassayed, exhibited a significant suppression of radicle growth. Chromatographic separation of an ethanolic extract of R. pseudo-acacia leaves resulted in isolation of three compounds, identified as robinetin (1), myricetin (2), and quercetin (3) by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. All inhibited root and shoot growth of lettuce. Robinetin, found in a large amount, caused 50% suppression of the root and shoot growth of lettuce at 100 ppm. The presence of these bioactive substances in leaf tissue suggests a potential role for flavonoids in R. pseudo-acacia invasion in introduced habitats.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10886-005-6084-5

  • (404) 健全コムギ穂に生息する細菌群集におけるN-acylhomoserine lactone化合物類の生産能(平成17年度日本植物病理学会大会講演要旨)

    吉田 重信, Kinkel Linda L, 篠原 弘亮, 沼尻 将宜, 塩谷 純一朗, 平館 俊太郎, 小板橋 基夫, 陶山 一雄, 根岸 寛光, 對馬 誠也

    日本植物病理學會報   2005年8月

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    (404) Productivity of N-acylhomoserine Lactones on Phyllosphere Bacteria of Wheat Heads(Abstracts of the Papers Presented at the 2005 Annual Meeting in Shizuoka)

  • Weathering process of volcanic glass to allophane determined by Al-27 and Si-29 solid-state NMR

    S Hiradate, SI Wada

    CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS   2005年8月

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    To clarify the weathering process of volcanic glass to allophane, solid-state Si-29 and Al-27 magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of four Japanese volcanic glasses and two (Al- and Si-rich) allophanes were assigned. The volcanic glasses showed a broad 29 Si NMR signal between -80 and -120 ppm with the peak centered at similar to-104 ppm, indicating that they were rich in Si-O-Si bridging structure (silica gel-like polymer Si). Aluminum was present in tetrahedral form in the four volcanic glass samples. In both Al- and Si-rich allophanes, octahedral Al (3 ppm b y 27 Al NMR) and imogolite-like Si (Q(3)3(VI)Al, -78 ppm b y Si-29 NMR) were the major components. In a Si-rich allophane, NMR signals centered at around -85 ppm for 29Si and 55 ppm for 27 Al were also observed, although it is possible that those signals were derived from impurities. Impurities could have originated from the soils and/or been unexpectedly synthesized during the purification procedures, e.g. during hot 2% Na2CO3 treatments. Based on the NMR spectra of size-fractionated soil samples, the weathering process of volcanic glass to allophane was proposed as follows: (1) dissolution of Al from volcanic glass accompanied by the transformation of Al-IV to Al-VI; (2) formation of a gibbsite-like sheet resulting from the hydrolysis of the dissolved Al; (3) dissolution of silica gel-like polymer Si in volcanic glass resulting in the formation of monosilicic acid; and (4) formation of Si(OH)((OAl)-Al-VI)(3) structure (Q(3)3(VI)Al) as a result of the reaction between the gibbsite-like sheet and the monosilicic acid. These formation reactions of allophane could occur in solution as well as on the surface of volcanic glass.

    DOI: 10.1346/CCMN.2005.0530408

  • Weathering process of volcanic glass to allophane determined by Al-27 and Si-29 solid-state NMR

    S Hiradate, SI Wada

    CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS   2005年8月

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    To clarify the weathering process of volcanic glass to allophane, solid-state Si-29 and Al-27 magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of four Japanese volcanic glasses and two (Al- and Si-rich) allophanes were assigned. The volcanic glasses showed a broad 29 Si NMR signal between -80 and -120 ppm with the peak centered at similar to-104 ppm, indicating that they were rich in Si-O-Si bridging structure (silica gel-like polymer Si). Aluminum was present in tetrahedral form in the four volcanic glass samples. In both Al- and Si-rich allophanes, octahedral Al (3 ppm b y 27 Al NMR) and imogolite-like Si (Q(3)3(VI)Al, -78 ppm b y Si-29 NMR) were the major components. In a Si-rich allophane, NMR signals centered at around -85 ppm for 29Si and 55 ppm for 27 Al were also observed, although it is possible that those signals were derived from impurities. Impurities could have originated from the soils and/or been unexpectedly synthesized during the purification procedures, e.g. during hot 2% Na2CO3 treatments. Based on the NMR spectra of size-fractionated soil samples, the weathering process of volcanic glass to allophane was proposed as follows: (1) dissolution of Al from volcanic glass accompanied by the transformation of Al-IV to Al-VI; (2) formation of a gibbsite-like sheet resulting from the hydrolysis of the dissolved Al; (3) dissolution of silica gel-like polymer Si in volcanic glass resulting in the formation of monosilicic acid; and (4) formation of Si(OH)((OAl)-Al-VI)(3) structure (Q(3)3(VI)Al) as a result of the reaction between the gibbsite-like sheet and the monosilicic acid. These formation reactions of allophane could occur in solution as well as on the surface of volcanic glass.

    DOI: 10.1346/CCMN.2005.0530408

  • Changes in chemical structure and biological activity of L-DOPA as influenced by an Andosol and its components

    S Hiradate, A Furubayashi, Y Fujii

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2005年8月

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    Velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens) has been reported to release 3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA) as an allelochemical that inhibits the growth of other plants, although the inhibitory activity depends on the soil type and it is extremely reduced in Andosols. To clarify the effects of Andosols and their components on the chemical structure and plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA, an L-DOPA solution was reacted with an Andosol and its components (weathered pumice and purified allophane), and the resultant solution was subjected to H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet-visible spectral analyses, and plant-growth-inhibitory activity tests. When the L-DOPA solution was added to the soil components, the concentration Of L-DOPA in the solution decreased by adsorption and transformation (polymerization) reactions. The adsorption mechanism included a ligand exchange reaction. The rate of L-DOPA transformation was faster at higher pH values. The soil components displayed a catalytic activity and accelerated the transformation of L-DOPA. Similar transformation occurred when light was irradiated. At pH values higher than 4.0, the transformed products from L-DOPA consisted of humic substances-like heterogeneous components, whereas specific components with low molecular weight were included when L-DOPA was transformed at a pH value of 9.7 or higher. The plant-growth-inhibitory activity Of L-DOPA was extremely weakened when L-DOPA was adsorbed on or transformed (polymerized) by soil components. Therefore, in soils with high abilities of adsorption and transformation of L-DOPA such as in Andosols, it was likely that the L-DOPA concentration in the soil solution decreased quickly by adsorption and transformation reactions and the allelopathic activity of L-DOPA was lost.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00055.x

  • Changes in chemical structure and biological activity of L-DOPA as influenced by an Andosol and its components

    S Hiradate, A Furubayashi, Y Fujii

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2005年8月

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    Velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens) has been reported to release 3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA) as an allelochemical that inhibits the growth of other plants, although the inhibitory activity depends on the soil type and it is extremely reduced in Andosols. To clarify the effects of Andosols and their components on the chemical structure and plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA, an L-DOPA solution was reacted with an Andosol and its components (weathered pumice and purified allophane), and the resultant solution was subjected to H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet-visible spectral analyses, and plant-growth-inhibitory activity tests. When the L-DOPA solution was added to the soil components, the concentration Of L-DOPA in the solution decreased by adsorption and transformation (polymerization) reactions. The adsorption mechanism included a ligand exchange reaction. The rate of L-DOPA transformation was faster at higher pH values. The soil components displayed a catalytic activity and accelerated the transformation of L-DOPA. Similar transformation occurred when light was irradiated. At pH values higher than 4.0, the transformed products from L-DOPA consisted of humic substances-like heterogeneous components, whereas specific components with low molecular weight were included when L-DOPA was transformed at a pH value of 9.7 or higher. The plant-growth-inhibitory activity Of L-DOPA was extremely weakened when L-DOPA was adsorbed on or transformed (polymerized) by soil components. Therefore, in soils with high abilities of adsorption and transformation of L-DOPA such as in Andosols, it was likely that the L-DOPA concentration in the soil solution decreased quickly by adsorption and transformation reactions and the allelopathic activity of L-DOPA was lost.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00055.x

  • cis-cinnamoyl glucoside as a major plant growth inhibitor contained in Spiraea prunifolia

    S Morita, S Hiradate, Y Fujii, J Harada

    PLANT GROWTH REGULATION   2005年6月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Crude extracts of the leaves of Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. showed high plant-growth-inhibiting activity comparable to that of S. thunbergii extracts. To isolate the causal compound in S. prunifolia, we performed bioassay-directed purification by monitoring the biological activity per unit weight of the organism containing the bioactive compound ( total activity). We isolated 1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose (cis-CG) and identified it as the most important growth-inhibiting constituent in the crude extracts. We did not detect 6-O-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylenebutyroyl)-1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose (cis-BCG) in S. prunifolia, though it is a major plant growth inhibitor in S. thunbergii together with cis-CG. We estimated the cis-CG content in S. prunifolia to be 3.84 mmol kg(-1) F. W. This amount is comparable to the cis-CG plus cis-BCG content in S. thunbergii (3.59 mmol kg(-1) F. W.). This indicates that S. prunifolia and S. thunbergii have equally high potential to inhibit plant growth, and cis-CG acts as the most important plant-growth inhibitor in S. prunifolia extracts.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10725-005-8086-2

  • cis-cinnamoyl glucoside as a major plant growth inhibitor contained in Spiraea prunifolia

    S Morita, S Hiradate, Y Fujii, J Harada

    PLANT GROWTH REGULATION   2005年6月

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    Crude extracts of the leaves of Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. showed high plant-growth-inhibiting activity comparable to that of S. thunbergii extracts. To isolate the causal compound in S. prunifolia, we performed bioassay-directed purification by monitoring the biological activity per unit weight of the organism containing the bioactive compound ( total activity). We isolated 1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose (cis-CG) and identified it as the most important growth-inhibiting constituent in the crude extracts. We did not detect 6-O-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylenebutyroyl)-1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose (cis-BCG) in S. prunifolia, though it is a major plant growth inhibitor in S. thunbergii together with cis-CG. We estimated the cis-CG content in S. prunifolia to be 3.84 mmol kg(-1) F. W. This amount is comparable to the cis-CG plus cis-BCG content in S. thunbergii (3.59 mmol kg(-1) F. W.). This indicates that S. prunifolia and S. thunbergii have equally high potential to inhibit plant growth, and cis-CG acts as the most important plant-growth inhibitor in S. prunifolia extracts.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10725-005-8086-2

  • Sex pheromone and related compounds in the ishigaki and okinawa strains of the tussock moth Orgyia postica (Walker) (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae)

    S Wakamura, N Arakaki, M Yamamoto, S Hiradate, H Yasui, K Kinjo, T Yasuda, H Yamazawa, T Ando

    BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY   2005年5月

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    Two distinct electroantennographycally active (EAG-active) components, A and B, and a weakly active component C were found in a solvent extract from virgin females of the Ishigaki strain of the tussock moth, Orgyia postica (Walker). Components A, 13, and C were found in the extract of the females at 4.0, 0.5, and 4.0 ng/female respectively. Components A, B, and C were identified as (6Z,9Z,11S,12S)-11,12-epoxyhenicosa-6,9-diene [(11S,12S)-1: posticlure], (6Z)-henicos-6-en-11-one (2), and (6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-diene (3), respectively. Component B was absent in the extract from the Okinawa strain, in which components A and C were present at 2.0 and 1.5 ng/female respectively. (11S,12S)-1 and the racemic mixture showed attractiveness for both the Okinawa and Ishigaki strains, whereas (11R,12R)-1 did not. The addition of 2 significantly reduced the trap catches with (11S,12S)-1 on the Okinawa strain which lacked 2, while there was no significant inhibitory effect on the Ishigaki strain. The addition of 3 to (11S,12S)-1 did not significantly affect trap catches at Ishigaki or Okinawa. This confirmed that the attractant pheromone of O. postica of the Ishigaki strain is also (11S,12S)-1.

    DOI: 10.1271/bbb.69.957

  • Sex pheromone and related compounds in the ishigaki and okinawa strains of the tussock moth Orgyia postica (Walker) (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae)

    S Wakamura, N Arakaki, M Yamamoto, S Hiradate, H Yasui, K Kinjo, T Yasuda, H Yamazawa, T Ando

    BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY   2005年5月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Two distinct electroantennographycally active (EAG-active) components, A and B, and a weakly active component C were found in a solvent extract from virgin females of the Ishigaki strain of the tussock moth, Orgyia postica (Walker). Components A, 13, and C were found in the extract of the females at 4.0, 0.5, and 4.0 ng/female respectively. Components A, B, and C were identified as (6Z,9Z,11S,12S)-11,12-epoxyhenicosa-6,9-diene [(11S,12S)-1: posticlure], (6Z)-henicos-6-en-11-one (2), and (6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-diene (3), respectively. Component B was absent in the extract from the Okinawa strain, in which components A and C were present at 2.0 and 1.5 ng/female respectively. (11S,12S)-1 and the racemic mixture showed attractiveness for both the Okinawa and Ishigaki strains, whereas (11R,12R)-1 did not. The addition of 2 significantly reduced the trap catches with (11S,12S)-1 on the Okinawa strain which lacked 2, while there was no significant inhibitory effect on the Ishigaki strain. The addition of 3 to (11S,12S)-1 did not significantly affect trap catches at Ishigaki or Okinawa. This confirmed that the attractant pheromone of O. postica of the Ishigaki strain is also (11S,12S)-1.

    DOI: 10.1271/bbb.69.957

  • Plant growth inhibition by cis-cinnamoyl glucosides and cis-cinnamic acid

    S Hiradate, S Morita, A Furubayashi, Y Fujii, J Harada

    JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY   2005年3月

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    Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. contains 1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-O-D-glucopyranose (CG) and 6-O-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylene-butyroyl)-1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose (BCG) as major plant growth inhibiting constituents. In the present study, we determined the inhibitory activity of CG and BCG on root elongation of germinated seedlings of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), red clover (Trifolium pratense), timothy (Phleum pratense), and bok choy (Brassica rapa var chinensis) in comparison with that of two well-known growth inhibitors, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and (+)2-cis-4-trans-abscisic acid (cis-ABA), as well as two related chemicals of CG and BCG, cis-cinnamic acid (cis-CA) and trans-cinnamic acid (trans-CA). The EC50 values for CG and BCG on lettuce were roughly one-half to one-quarter of the value for cis-ABA. cis-Cinnamic acid, which is a component of CG and BCG, possessed almost the same inhibitory activity of CG and BCG, suggesting that the essential chemical structure responsible for the inhibitory activity of CG and BCG is cis-CA. The cis-stereochemistry of the methylene moiety is apparently needed for high inhibitory activity, as trans-CA had an EC50 value roughly 100 times that of CG, BCG, and cis-CA. Growth inhibition by CG, BCG, and cis-CA was influenced by the nature of the soil in the growing medium: alluvial soil preserved the bioactivity, whereas volcanic ash and calcareous soils inhibited bioactivity. These findings indicate a potential role of cis-CA and its glucosides as allelochemicals for use as plant growth regulators in agricultural fields.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10886-005-2047-0

  • delta(13)C values of organic constituents and possible source of humic substances in Japanese volcanic ash soils

    H Shindo, M Yoshida, A Yamamoto, H Honma, S Hiradate

    SOIL SCIENCE   2005年3月

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    To gain a better understanding about the delta(13)C values of organic constituents and possible source of humic substances in Japanese volcanic ash soils, we determined the delta(13)C values of charred plant fragments, humic and fulvic acids, and whole soils, using 10 volcanic ash soil samples. Furthermore, the characteristics of the humic acid obtained from the dil. H(2)O(2)-treated residues of charred plant materials, which were produced during the burning of a grassland, were compared with those of black (type A) humic acids in volcanic ash soils. The delta(13)C values of the charred plant fragments, humic and fulvic acids, and whole soils studied ranged from -25 to -17 parts per thousand, -25 to -17 parts per thousand, -23 to -15 parts per thousand, and -24 to -17 parts per thousand, respectively. The delta(13)C values of the whole soils were highly correlated with those of the charred plant fragments (r = 0.968, significant at 0.1% level), humic acids (r = 0.947, significant at 0.1% level) or fulvic acids (r = 0.900, significant at 0.1% level), suggesting that in Japanese volcanic ash soils, the delta(13)C data of whole soils are valuable for discussing and estimating the origin of carbon of charred plant fragments as well as humic and fulvic acids. The delta(13)C values of the charred plant fragments were highly correlated with those of the fulvic acids (r = 0.792, significant at 1% level) and especially humic acids (P = 0.951, significant at 0.1% level). The contribution ratios of C4-plant-derived carbon on the carbon in the charred plant fragments, humic and fulvic acids, and whole soils ranged from 15 to 69%, 16 to 65%, 29 to 86%, and 24 to 66%, respectively. The (13)C-NMR spectrum and X-ray diffraction pattern of the humic acid obtained from the oxidative degradation products of the charred plant materials were similar to those of type A humic acids reported previously. Based on these findings, it was assumed that both charred C3- and C4-plant materials merit close attention as an important source of humic substances in Japanese volcanic ash soils.

  • delta(13)C values of organic constituents and possible source of humic substances in Japanese volcanic ash soils

    H Shindo, M Yoshida, A Yamamoto, H Honma, S Hiradate

    SOIL SCIENCE   2005年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    To gain a better understanding about the delta(13)C values of organic constituents and possible source of humic substances in Japanese volcanic ash soils, we determined the delta(13)C values of charred plant fragments, humic and fulvic acids, and whole soils, using 10 volcanic ash soil samples. Furthermore, the characteristics of the humic acid obtained from the dil. H(2)O(2)-treated residues of charred plant materials, which were produced during the burning of a grassland, were compared with those of black (type A) humic acids in volcanic ash soils. The delta(13)C values of the charred plant fragments, humic and fulvic acids, and whole soils studied ranged from -25 to -17 parts per thousand, -25 to -17 parts per thousand, -23 to -15 parts per thousand, and -24 to -17 parts per thousand, respectively. The delta(13)C values of the whole soils were highly correlated with those of the charred plant fragments (r = 0.968, significant at 0.1% level), humic acids (r = 0.947, significant at 0.1% level) or fulvic acids (r = 0.900, significant at 0.1% level), suggesting that in Japanese volcanic ash soils, the delta(13)C data of whole soils are valuable for discussing and estimating the origin of carbon of charred plant fragments as well as humic and fulvic acids. The delta(13)C values of the charred plant fragments were highly correlated with those of the fulvic acids (r = 0.792, significant at 1% level) and especially humic acids (P = 0.951, significant at 0.1% level). The contribution ratios of C4-plant-derived carbon on the carbon in the charred plant fragments, humic and fulvic acids, and whole soils ranged from 15 to 69%, 16 to 65%, 29 to 86%, and 24 to 66%, respectively. The (13)C-NMR spectrum and X-ray diffraction pattern of the humic acid obtained from the oxidative degradation products of the charred plant materials were similar to those of type A humic acids reported previously. Based on these findings, it was assumed that both charred C3- and C4-plant materials merit close attention as an important source of humic substances in Japanese volcanic ash soils.

  • Plant growth inhibition by cis-cinnamoyl glucosides and cis-cinnamic acid

    S Hiradate, S Morita, A Furubayashi, Y Fujii, J Harada

    JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY   2005年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. contains 1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-O-D-glucopyranose (CG) and 6-O-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylene-butyroyl)-1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose (BCG) as major plant growth inhibiting constituents. In the present study, we determined the inhibitory activity of CG and BCG on root elongation of germinated seedlings of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), red clover (Trifolium pratense), timothy (Phleum pratense), and bok choy (Brassica rapa var chinensis) in comparison with that of two well-known growth inhibitors, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and (+)2-cis-4-trans-abscisic acid (cis-ABA), as well as two related chemicals of CG and BCG, cis-cinnamic acid (cis-CA) and trans-cinnamic acid (trans-CA). The EC50 values for CG and BCG on lettuce were roughly one-half to one-quarter of the value for cis-ABA. cis-Cinnamic acid, which is a component of CG and BCG, possessed almost the same inhibitory activity of CG and BCG, suggesting that the essential chemical structure responsible for the inhibitory activity of CG and BCG is cis-CA. The cis-stereochemistry of the methylene moiety is apparently needed for high inhibitory activity, as trans-CA had an EC50 value roughly 100 times that of CG, BCG, and cis-CA. Growth inhibition by CG, BCG, and cis-CA was influenced by the nature of the soil in the growing medium: alluvial soil preserved the bioactivity, whereas volcanic ash and calcareous soils inhibited bioactivity. These findings indicate a potential role of cis-CA and its glucosides as allelochemicals for use as plant growth regulators in agricultural fields.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10886-005-2047-0

  • Isolation and identification of a plant growth promotive substance from mixture of essential plant oils

    E Nakajima, Z Iqbal, H Araya, S Hiradate, M Hamano, Y Fujii

    PLANT GROWTH REGULATION   2005年1月

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    The PCS (commercial products by Field Science Co, Japan, used for air fresheners) was analyzed for the presence of bioactive constituents and their role as root growth promoters. Chromatographic separation of the methanolic solution of PCS resulted in the isolation of an promoting active substance, which was identified using GC-mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy as 1,2-propanediol (CH(3)CH(OH)CH(2)OH). Lettuce seedling growth bioassay as test plant revealed that 1,2-propanediol can act as potent root growth promoter; enhancing the growth of lettuce seedling radicle at a concentration 0.01 ppm. The concentration of 1,2-propanediol in PCS mixture was estimated as 4 g/l. These studies suggest that 1,2-propanediol might play an important role in the plant growth promoting activity of PCS.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10725-004-7087-x

  • Isolation and identification of a plant growth promotive substance from mixture of essential plant oils

    E Nakajima, Z Iqbal, H Araya, S Hiradate, M Hamano, Y Fujii

    PLANT GROWTH REGULATION   2005年1月

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    記述言語:英語  

    The PCS (commercial products by Field Science Co, Japan, used for air fresheners) was analyzed for the presence of bioactive constituents and their role as root growth promoters. Chromatographic separation of the methanolic solution of PCS resulted in the isolation of an promoting active substance, which was identified using GC-mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy as 1,2-propanediol (CH(3)CH(OH)CH(2)OH). Lettuce seedling growth bioassay as test plant revealed that 1,2-propanediol can act as potent root growth promoter; enhancing the growth of lettuce seedling radicle at a concentration 0.01 ppm. The concentration of 1,2-propanediol in PCS mixture was estimated as 4 g/l. These studies suggest that 1,2-propanediol might play an important role in the plant growth promoting activity of PCS.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10725-004-7087-x

  • Disappearance of aluminum tridecamer from hydroxyaluminum solution in the presence of humic acid

    N Yamaguchi, S Hiradate, M Mizoguchi, T Miyazaki

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   2004年11月

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    記述言語:英語  

    We investigated the influences of humic acid on the removal of Al tridecamer (Al-13) from a hydroxyaluminum (HyA) solution at various humic acid/Al ratios. The Al species contained in the solution were analyzed by using a liquid-state Al-27-NMR and an atomic absorption spectrometer and fractionated into three Al species: (i) Al-13, (ii) Al monomer and dimer (Al-SYM), and (iii) other undefined species including aggregated/precipitated Al (Al-NON). By the addition of humic acid to the HyA solution, the concentration of Al-13 was rapidly decreased within 0.007 d (10 min). The decrease in Al-13 and the increase in Al-NON were more pronounced at a higher humic acid/Al ratio. When the molar ratio of humic acid carboxylic groups to Al exceeded 0.8, Al-13 Was undetected from solution within 0.007 d. The formation of Al-13-humic acid complexes and the aggregation/precipitation of those complexes were a predominant mechanism in removing aqueous Al-13 at the early stage of the reaction. Approximately 10 mol of carboxylic groups in humic acid were required to remove 1 mol of Al13B from the HyA solution. Aqueous Al-13 had greater preference in precipitating with humic acid than Al-SYM. After 5 to 570 d of aging, the concentration of Al-13 and Al-NON also decreased and increased, respectively, both in the presence and absence of humic acid. In conclusion, aqueous Al-13 would not exist in soil solution under a high humic acid condition.

  • Disappearance of aluminum tridecamer from hydroxyaluminum solution in the presence of humic acid

    N Yamaguchi, S Hiradate, M Mizoguchi, T Miyazaki

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   2004年11月

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    記述言語:英語  

    We investigated the influences of humic acid on the removal of Al tridecamer (Al-13) from a hydroxyaluminum (HyA) solution at various humic acid/Al ratios. The Al species contained in the solution were analyzed by using a liquid-state Al-27-NMR and an atomic absorption spectrometer and fractionated into three Al species: (i) Al-13, (ii) Al monomer and dimer (Al-SYM), and (iii) other undefined species including aggregated/precipitated Al (Al-NON). By the addition of humic acid to the HyA solution, the concentration of Al-13 was rapidly decreased within 0.007 d (10 min). The decrease in Al-13 and the increase in Al-NON were more pronounced at a higher humic acid/Al ratio. When the molar ratio of humic acid carboxylic groups to Al exceeded 0.8, Al-13 Was undetected from solution within 0.007 d. The formation of Al-13-humic acid complexes and the aggregation/precipitation of those complexes were a predominant mechanism in removing aqueous Al-13 at the early stage of the reaction. Approximately 10 mol of carboxylic groups in humic acid were required to remove 1 mol of Al13B from the HyA solution. Aqueous Al-13 had greater preference in precipitating with humic acid than Al-SYM. After 5 to 570 d of aging, the concentration of Al-13 and Al-NON also decreased and increased, respectively, both in the presence and absence of humic acid. In conclusion, aqueous Al-13 would not exist in soil solution under a high humic acid condition.

  • 61. ヘアリーベッチにおけるラベル体硝酸イオンのシアナミドへの取り込み

    加藤 健司, 加茂 綱嗣, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 廣田 満

    植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集   2004年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Cyanamide (NH_2CN) has been industrially produced in large quantities for a long time. We have isolated cyanamide as a plant growth inhibitor from hairy vetch Vicia villosa. Although we excluded the possibility that the cyanamide isolated was an unexpectedly contaminating agrochemical, the details of its biosynthesis remain unknown because this compound has never been considered as a natural product. In this report we demonstrate the de novo production of cyanamide in this legume using a ^<15>N-labeled nitrogen source. The extracts of the seedlings of V. villosa grown with and without (^<15...

  • Effects of soil organic matter on pH-dependent phosphate sorption by soils

    S Hiradate, N Uchida

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2004年10月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Effects of soil organic matter (SOM) on P sorption of soils still remain to be clarified because contradictory results have been reported in the literature. In the present study, pH-dependent P sorption on an allophanic Andisol and an alluvial soil was compared with that on hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-treated, acid-oxalate (OX)-treated, and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB)-treated soils. Removal of SOM increased or decreased P sorption depending on the equilibrium pH values and soil types. In the H(2)O(2)-, OX-, and DCB-treated soils, P sorption was pH-dependent, but this trend was not conspicuous in the untreated soils. It is likely that SOM affects P sorption of soils through three factors, competitive sorption, inhibition of polymerization and crystallization of metals such as Al and Fe, and flexible structure of metal-SOM complexes. As a result, the number of available sites for P sorption would remain relatively constant in the wide range of equilibrium pH values in the presence of SOM. The P sorption characteristics were analyzed at constant equilibrium pH values (4.0 to 7.0) using the Langmuir equation as a local isotherm. The maximum number of available sites for P sorption (Q(max)) was pH-dependent in the H(2)O(2)-, OX-, and DCB-treated soils, while this trend was not conspicuous in the untreated soils. Affinity constants related to binding strength (K) were less affected by the equilibrium pH values, soil types, and soil treatments, and were almost constant (log K approximate to 4.5). These findings support the hypothesis that SOM plays a role in keeping the number of available sites for P sorption relatively constant but does not affect the P sorption affinity. By estimating the Q(max) and K values as a function of equilibrium pH values, pH-dependent P sorption was well simulated with four or two adjustable parameters. This empirical model could be useful and convenient for a rough estimation of the pH-dependent P sorption of soils.

  • Effects of soil organic matter on pH-dependent phosphate sorption by soils

    S Hiradate, N Uchida

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2004年10月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Effects of soil organic matter (SOM) on P sorption of soils still remain to be clarified because contradictory results have been reported in the literature. In the present study, pH-dependent P sorption on an allophanic Andisol and an alluvial soil was compared with that on hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-treated, acid-oxalate (OX)-treated, and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB)-treated soils. Removal of SOM increased or decreased P sorption depending on the equilibrium pH values and soil types. In the H(2)O(2)-, OX-, and DCB-treated soils, P sorption was pH-dependent, but this trend was not conspicuous in the untreated soils. It is likely that SOM affects P sorption of soils through three factors, competitive sorption, inhibition of polymerization and crystallization of metals such as Al and Fe, and flexible structure of metal-SOM complexes. As a result, the number of available sites for P sorption would remain relatively constant in the wide range of equilibrium pH values in the presence of SOM. The P sorption characteristics were analyzed at constant equilibrium pH values (4.0 to 7.0) using the Langmuir equation as a local isotherm. The maximum number of available sites for P sorption (Q(max)) was pH-dependent in the H(2)O(2)-, OX-, and DCB-treated soils, while this trend was not conspicuous in the untreated soils. Affinity constants related to binding strength (K) were less affected by the equilibrium pH values, soil types, and soil treatments, and were almost constant (log K approximate to 4.5). These findings support the hypothesis that SOM plays a role in keeping the number of available sites for P sorption relatively constant but does not affect the P sorption affinity. By estimating the Q(max) and K values as a function of equilibrium pH values, pH-dependent P sorption was well simulated with four or two adjustable parameters. This empirical model could be useful and convenient for a rough estimation of the pH-dependent P sorption of soils.

  • ヘアリーベッチに含まれるシアナミドが各種植物の成長に及ぼす影響(19. 肥料および施肥法, 2004年度大会講演要旨集)

    藤井 義晴, 中島 江理, 加茂 綱嗣, 古林 章弘, 荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2004年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 土壌中におけるL-DOPAの動態に及ぼすカテコール構造の役割(2. 土壌有機・無機化学, 2004年度大会講演要旨集)

    古林 章弘, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2004年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Plant growth inhibitory activity of Ophiopogon japonicus Ker-Gawler and role of phenolic acids and their analogues: a comparative study

    Z Iqbal, S Hiradate, H Araya, Y Fujii

    PLANT GROWTH REGULATION   2004年7月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Allelopathic potential of Ophiopogon japonicus was investigated. The methanolic extract of O. japonicus roots strongly inhibited root and hypocotyls growth of lettuce. Sequential partitioning of the methanol extract with organic solvents showed that the diethyl ether and n-butanol extract possess strong plant growth inhibitory activities. The allelopathic constituents of the diethyl ether extract were isolated and identified as salicylic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid by NMR spectroscopy. Both of these phenolic acids were found in the aqueous extracts of leaves as well. The concentration of salicylic acid in roots and leaves were estimated as 0.011 and 0.02%, respectively, and it inhibited the root and shoot of tested plants by 50% even at less than 3 ppm. The p-hydroxybenzoic acid on the other hand was in less abundance (0.005%) and inhibited the plant growth to a lesser extent. The biological activity of commercially available O-methyl derivatives of these phenolic acids was also determined to establish structure-activity relationship. Among these, salicylic acid was found to be the most active one. These results suggest that Ophiopogon japonicus produces plant growth inhibitors, which are responsible for its potential allelopathic activity.

    DOI: 10.1023/B:GROW.0000045998.68084.4b

  • Plant growth inhibitory activity of Ophiopogon japonicus Ker-Gawler and role of phenolic acids and their analogues: a comparative study

    Z Iqbal, S Hiradate, H Araya, Y Fujii

    PLANT GROWTH REGULATION   2004年7月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Allelopathic potential of Ophiopogon japonicus was investigated. The methanolic extract of O. japonicus roots strongly inhibited root and hypocotyls growth of lettuce. Sequential partitioning of the methanol extract with organic solvents showed that the diethyl ether and n-butanol extract possess strong plant growth inhibitory activities. The allelopathic constituents of the diethyl ether extract were isolated and identified as salicylic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid by NMR spectroscopy. Both of these phenolic acids were found in the aqueous extracts of leaves as well. The concentration of salicylic acid in roots and leaves were estimated as 0.011 and 0.02%, respectively, and it inhibited the root and shoot of tested plants by 50% even at less than 3 ppm. The p-hydroxybenzoic acid on the other hand was in less abundance (0.005%) and inhibited the plant growth to a lesser extent. The biological activity of commercially available O-methyl derivatives of these phenolic acids was also determined to establish structure-activity relationship. Among these, salicylic acid was found to be the most active one. These results suggest that Ophiopogon japonicus produces plant growth inhibitors, which are responsible for its potential allelopathic activity.

    DOI: 10.1023/B:GROW.0000045998.68084.4b

  • Speciation of aluminum in soil environments

    S Hiradate

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2004年6月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Although aluminum (Al) is abundant in soil environments, it is not an essential element and it is toxic to most organisms. Since the toxicity of Al depends on their chemical forms, the importance of Al speciation has been recognized worldwide. Difficulties in Al speciation are caused by the complex coordination chemistry of Al for the hydrolysis and formation of polynuclear species with a variable degree of solubility in aqueous solution. Nondestructive analyses, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, could supply primarily im-portant information on the chemical forms of Al and may enable to evaluate the results ob-tained by other methodologies. In the present report, NMR spectral characteristics of environmentally important Al-containing components, such as hydoxyaluminum ions, Al-inorganic complexes, Al-organic complexes, and primary and secondary minerals, are summarized for the nuclei of Al-27 and Si-29 determined by solution NMR and solid-state magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR. Applications of NMR techniques to soil science, including speciation of phytotoxic Al in soil environments and whole soil NMR studies, are described.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2004.10408483

  • P24 赤米等のアレロパシー活性とアレロケミカルの探索

    荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2004年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    近年、低農薬による雑草管理が求められており、直播など大規模省労働力化の実用の際イネ発育初期の雑草発生が問題となる。このような問題を解決もしくは軽減化する手段の一つとして、イネの機能性の一つであるアレロパシーの利用が考えられる。我々はプラントボックス(PB)法により、アレロパシー活性の強いイネとして阿波赤米を見いだしている。そこで、(1)圃場試験:阿波赤米を含むイネ5品種を精密試験水田で移植栽培し、無除草で栽培したときの雑草発生の調査、(2)物質同定:阿波赤米等の根表面および全体からの抽出物からの、他感物質の分離分析、に関する調査を行った。

  • P26 ヘアリーベッチに含まれるシアナミドの植物成長抑制作用

    中島 江理, 平舘 俊太郎, 加茂 綱嗣, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2004年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    マメ科牧草であるヘアリーベッチ(Vicia villosa Roth)は、強いアレロパシー作用をもつことが知られており、また、窒素固定による緑肥効果があることから、耕作放棄地や果樹園などの雑草防除に利用されている.このヘアリーベッチに含まれる植物成長阻害物質として、加茂らによりシアナミド(Fig.l)が単離・同定された.シアナミドは窒素肥料である石灰窒素の主成分であり、一方で果樹の休眠打破剤として古くから利用され、また、殺菌、防虫、除草効果を持つことが報告されている.これまでシアナミドは化学的に合成されており、自然界には存在しないと考えられていたが、ヘアリーベッチの体内成分として天然に存在していることが明らかとなり、加えてヘアリーベッチの他感物質として重要な役割を果たしている可能性が示唆された.そこで本研究では、植物界におけるシアナミドの役割について解明することを目的とし、まず、シアナミドの各種植物に対する生育阻害活性について調べた.また、これまでの研究により、ヘアリーベッチ各品種の葉においてそのシアナミド含量には違いが見られたことから、ヘアリーベッチ各品種のシアナミドに対する感受性について検討した.

  • P25 高等菌類子実体のアレロパシー

    荒谷 博, 関谷 敦, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2004年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    トリュフ(Tuber melanosporum)は子実体が発生する条件が整うとその地上部には"ブリュレ(焼け跡地)"と呼ばれる草の生えないパッチが観察されるようになる。同様の抑草現象は野生種のハナホウキタケ、ニンギョウタケなどにも観察され、化学物質を放出することにより現象を発現していることが考えられる。しかし、キノコのアレロパシーを利用した雑草抑制の試みはほとんどなされておらず、作用成分もほとんど明らかにされていない。そこで、キノコ子実体のアレロパシー活性を昨年に引き続きサンドイッチ法を用いて検定した。また、サンドイッチ法により、活性が強かったブナシメジ(Hipsizigus marmoreus)については、菌体が多く含まれる廃菌床についても成長阻害活性を調査した。

  • Carbon source of humic substances in some Japanese volcanic ash soils determined by carbon stable isotopic ratio, delta C-13

    S Hiradate, T Nakadai, H Shindo, T Yoneyama

    GEODERMA   2004年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Volcanic ash soils (including Andisols) have been known to accumulate extremely large amounts of humic acids in their thick surface horizons, and their accumulation mechanism is of interest. Two mechanisms have been proposed: (1) active metals like Al and Fe, supplied from weathered volcanic materials, stabilize humic acids through complexation reactions; (2) cultivated Japanese pampas grasses (Miscanthus sinensis A.) and its charred materials are the major carbon source of humic acids. In the present study, contribution ratio of the pampas grass (C4-plant) on the carbons of the humic acids was determined by measuring their stable isotopic ratio of carbon (delta(13)C). In Japanese volcanic ash soils, humic acids were originated from both C3- and C4-plants, and the contribution ratio of C4-plants (mostly pampas grass) ranged from 18% to 52%. Highly humified (dark-colored) humic acids tended to show higher contribution ratio of C4-plants among volcanic ash soils, although the major part of the carbon had originated from C3-plants. It was also clarified that the delta(13)C values of crude soil samples correlated well with those of humic and fulvic acids. Therefore, reported delta(13)C values of crude soil samples in the literature would be useful for estimating the carbon source of soil humic substances. Literature survey of the delta(13)C values of crude soil samples also indicated that a large part of the carbon in humic substances has originated from C3-plants rather than C4-plants, implying the importance of the active metals (such as Al and Fe) on the formation and accumulation of the humic acids in volcanic ash soils. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0016-7061(03)00257-X

  • Strategies for searching bioactive compounds: Total activity vs. specific activity.

    S Hiradate

    ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY   2004年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

  • Phytotoxic cis-cinnamoyl glucosides from Spiraea thunbergii

    S Hiradate, S Morita, H Sugie, Y Fujii, J Harada

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   2004年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. was found to contain 1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose and 6-O-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylene-butyroyl)-1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose as major plant growth inhibitory constituents along with related compounds of lower phytotoxicity including 6-O-(trans-cinnamoyl)-1-O-(4"-hydroxy-3"-methyl-furan-2"-one)-beta-D-glucopyranose, 6-O-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylene-butyroyl)-1-O-trans-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose, and 1-O-trans-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose. The former three compounds were cinnamoyl glucosides. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.01.010

  • Phytotoxic cis-cinnamoyl glucosides from Spiraea thunbergii

    S Hiradate, S Morita, H Sugie, Y Fujii, J Harada

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   2004年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. was found to contain 1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose and 6-O-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylene-butyroyl)-1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose as major plant growth inhibitory constituents along with related compounds of lower phytotoxicity including 6-O-(trans-cinnamoyl)-1-O-(4"-hydroxy-3"-methyl-furan-2"-one)-beta-D-glucopyranose, 6-O-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylene-butyroyl)-1-O-trans-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose, and 1-O-trans-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose. The former three compounds were cinnamoyl glucosides. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.01.010

  • Growth inhibitory alkaloids from mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.) leaves

    H Nakano, E Nakajima, S Hiradate, Y Fujii, K Yamada, H Shigemori, K Hasegawa

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   2004年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Plant growth inhibitory alkaloids were isolated from the extract of mesquite [Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC] leaves. Their chemical structures were established by ESI-MS, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra analysis. The I-50 value (concentration required for 50% inhibition of control) for root growth of cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seedlings was 400 muM for 3""-oxo-juliprosopine, 500 muM for secojuliprosopinal, and 100 muM for a (1:1) mixture of 3-oxo-juliprosine and 3'-oxo-juliprosine, respectively. On the other hand, the minimum concentration exhibiting inhibitory effect on shoot growth of cress seedlings was 10 muM for 3''"-oxo-juliprosopine, 100 muM for secojuliprosopinal, and 1 muM for a (1:1) mixture of 3-oxo-juliprosine and 3'-oxo-juliprosine, respectively. Among these compounds, a (1:1) mixture of 3-oxo-juliprosine and 3'-oxo-juliprosine exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the growth of cress seedlings. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.01.006

  • Growth inhibitory alkaloids from mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.) leaves

    H Nakano, E Nakajima, S Hiradate, Y Fujii, K Yamada, H Shigemori, K Hasegawa

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   2004年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Plant growth inhibitory alkaloids were isolated from the extract of mesquite [Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC] leaves. Their chemical structures were established by ESI-MS, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra analysis. The I-50 value (concentration required for 50% inhibition of control) for root growth of cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seedlings was 400 muM for 3""-oxo-juliprosopine, 500 muM for secojuliprosopinal, and 100 muM for a (1:1) mixture of 3-oxo-juliprosine and 3'-oxo-juliprosine, respectively. On the other hand, the minimum concentration exhibiting inhibitory effect on shoot growth of cress seedlings was 10 muM for 3''"-oxo-juliprosopine, 100 muM for secojuliprosopinal, and 1 muM for a (1:1) mixture of 3-oxo-juliprosine and 3'-oxo-juliprosine, respectively. Among these compounds, a (1:1) mixture of 3-oxo-juliprosine and 3'-oxo-juliprosine exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the growth of cress seedlings. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.01.006

  • Speciation of aluminum in soil environments: Application of NMR technique

    Syuntaro Hiradate

    Soil Science and Plant Nutrition   2004年2月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Although aluminum (Al) is abundant in soil environments, it is not an essential element and it is toxic to most organisms. Since the toxicity of Al depends on their chemical forms, the importance of Al speciation has been recognized worldwide. Difficulties in Al speciation are caused by the complex coordination chemistry of Al for the hydrolysis and formation of polynuclear species with a variable degree of solubility in aqueous solution. Nondestructive analyses, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, could supply primarily im-portant information on the chemical forms of Al and may enable to evaluate the results ob-tained by other methodologies. In the present report, NMR spectral characteristics of environmentally important Al-containing components, such as hydoxyaluminum ions, Alinorganic complexes, Al-organic complexes, and primary and secondary minerals, are summarized for the nuclei of 27Al and 29Si determined by solution NMR and solid-state magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR. Applications of NMR techniques to soil science, including speciation of phytotoxic Al in soil environments and whole soil NMR studies, are described. © 2004 Taylor &amp
    Francis Group, LLC.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2004.10408483

  • 2-30 土壌環境中におけるL-DOPAの化学形態変化 : 土壌による吸着反応と触媒作用による変換反応(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    古林 章弘, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2003年8月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • ヘアリーベッチのアレロケミカル候補物質シアナミド(第37回大会研究発表抄録補遺)

    加茂 綱嗣, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    植物の生長調節   2003年5月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    CYANAMIDE AS A POSSIBLE ALLELOCHEMICAL OF HAIRY VETCH(Supplement to Abstracts for the XXXVII Annual Meeting of the Japanease Society for Chemical Regulation of Plants)

  • 63 植物成長阻害物質シアナミドのマメ科植物における分布とその活性(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    中島 江里, 平舘 俊太郎, 加茂 綱嗣, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    近年、強い雑草抑制効果を有するヘアリーベッチ(Vicia villosa Roth)の作用成分として、シアナミドが単離・同定された。シアナミドは窒素肥料である石灰窒素の主成分でもあり、休眠打破剤としても利用されているが、自然界に存在していることは知られていなかった。また、従来報告されているヘアリーベッチによる家畜の中毒現象の原因物質である可能性も考えられ、シアナミドはヘアリーベッチの体内成分として、自然界において重要な役割を果たしている可能性が強く示唆される。そこで本研究では、最終的に植物界におけるシアナミドの分布とその役割について解明することを目的とし、まず、Vicia属およびその他数種のマメ科植物におけるシアナミドの分布と、シアナミドの各種植物に対する生育阻害活性について調べた。

  • P19 高等菌類子実体のアレロパシー活性(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    高等菌類は植物と共生、寄生、腐生、不朽などの密接な関係を持ちながら生活しており、これらの高等菌類は生態系において植物遺体の分解者として位置づけられいる。また、おもに木本が生産する難分解性かつ植物生長阻害活性を有するリグニンを分解することのできる一部の菌類は、ダイオキシン類の分解も行うことから近年注目を浴びている。これらの菌類は様々な二次代謝産物を産生していることが知られているが、それらの化合物がアレロケミカルとして周辺の植物にどのような影響を与えているかは不明である。本研究では高等菌類がアレロケミカル放出者として働きうるかを、サンドイッチ法を用いて検定した。

  • P18 阿波赤米に含まれるアレロケミカルの探索(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    近年、持続的農業の観点から低農薬による雑草管理が求められている。また、21世紀の稲作では、直播など大規模省労働力化へ進むことが予想され、この際イネ発育初期の雑草発生が問題となる。このような問題を解決もしくは軽減化する手段の一つとして、雑草耐性の一因子であるアレロパシーの利用が考えられる。我々はプラントボックス(PB)法により、アレロパシー活性の強いイネとして阿波赤米を見いだしている。そこで、(1)圃場試験:阿波赤米を含むイネ5品種を精密試験水田で移植栽培し、無除草で栽培したときの雑草発生の調査、(2)物質同定:阿波赤米の根表面および全体からの抽出物からの、他感物質の分離分析、に関する調査を行った。

  • 71 植物由来の精油混合物が有する植物成長促進作用(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    中島 江里, IQBAL Zahida, 濱野 満子, 荒谷 博, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    消臭剤として商品化されている35種の樹木等からの精油成分の混合物(PCS)に、植物の成長促進作用があることが確認され、有機農業生産や減農薬栽培といった環境にやさしい農業への利用が期待される。そこで、この精油混合物の成分として含まれる生理活性物質を単離・同定し、植物に与える作用について検討した。

  • 69 ユキヤナギおよびシジミバナの他感作用(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    森田 沙綾香, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴, 岸田 真幸, 原田 二郎

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    69 Allelopathy of Spiraea thunbergii and S.prunifolia

  • 66 根圏土壌を用いたアレロパシー活性測定法(1-(3)雑草害、競争、他感作用)(1. 雑草)

    古林 章弘, 平舘 俊太郎, 荒谷 博, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2003年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    これまで,アレロパシーの3つの作用経路(揮発性物質による揮散,根からの浸出,茎葉や残渣からの溶脱)に特異的な検定法として,それぞれ,ディッシュパック法,プラントボックス法,サンドイッチ法が開発されているが,根から土壌に放出された物質が土壌中で他感作用を示すことを実証する検定手法はなかった.そこで,根から根圏土壌中に放出される物質による作用を検定する新たな手法の開発を試みた.

  • First isolation of natural cyanamide as a possible allelochemical from hairy vetch Vicia villosa

    T Kamo, S Hiradate, Y Fujii

    JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY   2003年2月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Cyanamide was isolated from the leaves and stems of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), guided by plant growth inhibitory activity against lettuce (Lectuca sativa) seedlings. A large proportion of the inhibitory activity in the crude extract was explained by the presence of cyanamide, suggesting it to be a possible allelochemical in this species. The amount in a 9-day-old seedling, which had been grown without nutrients, reached approx. 40 times that of a nongerminated seed, demonstrating cyanamide biosynthesis in the seedlings. This is the first report on the isolation of a possible allelochemical from hairy vetch and also of the finding of cyanamide as a natural product.

  • First isolation of natural cyanamide as a possible allelochemical from hairy vetch Vicia villosa

    T Kamo, S Hiradate, Y Fujii

    JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY   2003年2月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Cyanamide was isolated from the leaves and stems of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), guided by plant growth inhibitory activity against lettuce (Lectuca sativa) seedlings. A large proportion of the inhibitory activity in the crude extract was explained by the presence of cyanamide, suggesting it to be a possible allelochemical in this species. The amount in a 9-day-old seedling, which had been grown without nutrients, reached approx. 40 times that of a nongerminated seed, demonstrating cyanamide biosynthesis in the seedlings. This is the first report on the isolation of a possible allelochemical from hairy vetch and also of the finding of cyanamide as a natural product.

  • Mulberry anthracnose antagonists (iturins) produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RC-2

    Syuntaro Hiradate, Shigenobu Yoshida, Hajime Sugie, Hiroshi Yada, Yoshiharu Fujii

    Phytochemistry   2002年11月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain RC-2 produced seven antifungal compounds (1-7) secreted into the culture filtrate. These compounds inhibited the development of mulberry anthracnose caused by the fungus, Colletotrichum dematium. Chemical structural analyses by NMR and FAB-MS revealed that all these compounds were iturins (cyclic peptides with the following sequence: L-Asn → D-Tyr → D-Asn → L-Gln → L-Pro → D-Asn → L-Ser → D-β-amino acid →) and compounds 1-6 are identical to iturins A-2-A-7, respectively. Compound 7 (iturin A-8) is a new iturin, which has a -(CH2)10CH(CH3)CH2CH3 group as a side chain in the β-amino acid in the molecule. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00365-5

  • 56 ヘアリーベッチのアレロケミカル候補物質 シアナミド

    加茂 綱嗣, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集   2002年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Cyanamide was isolated from hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), a leguminous plant utilized as a cover crop, guided by plant growth inhibitory activity against lettuce seedlings. The crude extract of hairy vetch contained 130 μg of cyanamide per gram fresh weight. A large portion of the inhibitory activity in the crude extract of hairy vetch was explained by the presence of cyanamide, suggesting that the compound is a possible allelochemical of the hairy vetch. We also demonstrated that cyanamide was biosynthesized in hairy vetch seedlings. This is the first report of cyanamide from a natural...

  • 土壌酸性をめぐる研究の進展と今後の課題 : レビューと課題の抽出(2002年名古屋大会シンポジウムの概要)

    犬伏 和之, 平舘 俊太郎, 櫻井 克年, 川東 正幸, 馬 建鋒, 谷 昌幸, 岡崎 正規, 林 健太郎, 坂本 一憲, 三枝 正彦

    日本土壌肥料學雜誌   2002年10月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Recent Advances in Soil Acidity and Problems to be Solved : Review and Extraction of the Problenis

  • ソバのアレロパシー : ソバ地上部抽出物の他感作用活性と作用物質としてのファゴミンと関連アルカロイドの同定(雑草学会英文誌"Weed Biology and Management"第2巻2号掲載論文摘要(摘要))

    イクバル ザヒダ, 平舘 俊太郎, 野田 昭夫, 磯島 誠一, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究   2002年9月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • 65 ヤナギバシャリントウ、ユキヤナギ及びシジミバナの植物生長抑制作用

    森田 沙綾香, 藤井 義晴, 平館 俊太郎, 原田 二郎

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2002年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Plant growth inhibiting effcts of Cotoneaster salicifolius, Spiraea thunbergii and S. prunifolia

  • 69 ヘアリーベッチ葉に含まれる植物生長阻害物質としてのシアナミドの同定

    藤井 義晴, 加茂 網嗣, 平舘 俊太郎

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2002年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    First isolation of natural cyanamide, a possible allelochemical from Vicia villosa Roth..

  • 10-10 アスパラガスの連作障害におけるアレロパシーの関与(10.植物の代謝)

    元木 悟, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2002年3月

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  • 分子レベルでの土壌成分および成分間のナノスケール相互作用(2001年高知大会シンポジウムの概要)

    逸見 彰男, 平舘 俊太郎, 山口 紀子, 石田 智之, 松枝 直人

    日本土壌肥料學雜誌   2001年12月

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    Soil Components in Molecular Level and Nano-Scale Interactions among the Components

  • Speciation of hydroxyaluminosilicate and hydroxyaluminum ions as affected by the presence of montmorillonite: Extraction experiment with potassium chloride and speciation by Al-27-NMR

    S Taniguchi, S Hiradate, K Sakurai

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2001年6月

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    The changes of Al species in the presence of montmorillonite (Mt) with aging were investigated using Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy after extraction with 1 mol L-1 KCl. Composition of the Al species in a hydroxyaluminosilicate (HAS) solution with a Si/Al molar ratio of 0.63 without Mt was not appreciably affected by 42 d of aging, In the absence of Mt, the concentration of Al-13 ([AlO4Al12(OH)(24)-(H2O)(12)](7+)) in the HAS solution with a Si/Al molar ratio of 0.09 and hydroxyaluminum (HyA) solution decreased during 42d of aging, suggesting that degradation (or polymerization) of Al-13 took place upon aging, In the presence of Mt, Al-13 was adsorbed onto Mt from the HyA and HBS(0.09) solutions. The adsorbed Al-13 was partly recovered by 1 mol L-1 KCl from HyA- and HAS(0.09)-Mt complexes after 42 d of aging, suggesting that at least a part of the adsorbed Al-13 was exchangeable and the rest was considerably stabilized by adsorption onto Mt, The desorption ratios of Al from the HyA- and HAS(0.09)-Mt complexes accounted for 25 to 30% and 6 to 8% of total Al adsorbed, respectively. The species of Al desorbed from these complexes consisted mainly of Al-13 and Al-NON. The Al-NON was attributed to electrically asymmetric Al including HAS and/or polymer HyA ions.

  • 51 L-DOPA等の天然カテコール化合物が植物間相互作用に及ぼす影響 : 各種植物におけるメラニン様物質形成反応とその阻害について

    藤井 義晴, 西原 英治, 平舘 俊太郎, 久保 伊佐夫

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2001年4月

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    Effects of plant interaction with natural catechol like chemical substances as L-DOPA

  • 53 イネのアレロパシーの検索と抑草作用の強い「阿波赤米」の検出

    藤井 義晴, 中谷 敬子, 平舘 俊太郎, 猪谷 富雄

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2001年4月

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    Screening of Allelopathic activity and identification of "Awa-Akamai" (Traditional red rice) as the most promising cultivar.

  • 2-18 土壌環境中におけるL-DOPAの化学形態および植物生育阻害活性の変化(2.土壌有機・無機化学)

    平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2001年3月

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  • H208 沖縄本島産コシロモンドクガ性フェロモンの同定 : トランスエポキシド(生理活性物質)

    若村 定男, 新垣 則雄, 山本 雅信, 平舘 俊太郎, 安居 拓恵, 安田 哲也, 安藤 哲

    日本応用動物昆虫学会大会講演要旨   2001年3月

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  • Antimicrobial activity of culture filtrate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RC-2 isolated from mulberry leaves

    S Yoshida, S Hiradate, T Tsukamoto, K Hatakeda, A Shirata

    PHYTOPATHOLOGY   2001年2月

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    A potential antagonist, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain RC-2, against Colletotrichum dermatium, mulberry anthracnose fungus, was obtained from healthy mulberry leaves by in vitro and in vivo screening techniques. Application of culture filtrate of RC-2 inhibited disease on mulberry leaves, indicating that suppression was due to antifungal compounds in the filtrate. Development of mulberry anthracnose on mulberry leaves was inhibited only when the culture filtrate was applied before fungal inoculation, and it was not inhibited by application after inoculation. These results suggest that the antifungal compounds in the filtrate exhibit a preventive effect on the disease. Peptone significantly increased production of the antifungal compounds. The culture filtrate of RC-2 also inhibited the growth of several other phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, such as Rosellinia necatrix, Pyricularia oryzae, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, in vitro. From the culture filtrate of RC-2, seven kinds of antifungal compounds were isolated by high performance liquid chromatography analysis, and one of the compounds was determined as iturin A2, a cyclic peptide, by nuclear magnetic resonance and fast atom bombardment mass analysis.

    DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.2001.91.2.181

  • Antimicrobial activity of culture filtrate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RC-2 isolated from mulberry leaves

    S Yoshida, S Hiradate, T Tsukamoto, K Hatakeda, A Shirata

    PHYTOPATHOLOGY   2001年2月

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    A potential antagonist, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain RC-2, against Colletotrichum dermatium, mulberry anthracnose fungus, was obtained from healthy mulberry leaves by in vitro and in vivo screening techniques. Application of culture filtrate of RC-2 inhibited disease on mulberry leaves, indicating that suppression was due to antifungal compounds in the filtrate. Development of mulberry anthracnose on mulberry leaves was inhibited only when the culture filtrate was applied before fungal inoculation, and it was not inhibited by application after inoculation. These results suggest that the antifungal compounds in the filtrate exhibit a preventive effect on the disease. Peptone significantly increased production of the antifungal compounds. The culture filtrate of RC-2 also inhibited the growth of several other phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, such as Rosellinia necatrix, Pyricularia oryzae, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, in vitro. From the culture filtrate of RC-2, seven kinds of antifungal compounds were isolated by high performance liquid chromatography analysis, and one of the compounds was determined as iturin A2, a cyclic peptide, by nuclear magnetic resonance and fast atom bombardment mass analysis.

    DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.2001.91.2.181

  • Plant growth inhibitory activity of L-canavanine and its mode of action

    N Nakajima, S Hiradate, Y Fujii

    JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY   2001年1月

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    L-Canavanine is a nonprotein amino acid contained in jack bean [Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC] and shows a plant inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect was determined by an immersion test and a microdrop rest that employed rice seedlings. L-Canavanine inhibited elongation of the second leaf sheath of rice seedlings more than other natural bioactive substances, such as salicylic acid and cinnamic acid. The modified microdrop test revealed that the mode of action of L-canavanine had no relation to gibberellin synthesis. In the microdrop test, the inhibitory effect of L-canavanine was decreased by simultaneous addition of L-arginine. an analog of L-canavanine. Free amino acid analysis of rice shoots clearly showed that L-canavanine induced an unusual accumulation of L-arginine. However, accumulation of L-arginine did not cause the inhibitory effect on plant growth. These results suggest that the mechanism of inhibition of L-canavanine is closely related to the inhibition of arginine metabolism.

    DOI: 10.1023/A:1005659714947

  • Posticlure: a novel trans-epoxide as a sex pheromone component of the tussock moth, Orgyia postica (Walker)

    S Wakamura, N Arakaki, M Yamamoto, S Hiradate, H Yasui, T Yasuda, T Ando

    TETRAHEDRON LETTERS   2001年1月

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    A single EAG-active component was found in a pheromone extract from virgin females of the tussock moth, Orgyia postica. This compound nam ed posticlure possesses a trans-epoxy ring and was identified as (6Z,9Z,11S,12S)-11,12-epoxyhenicosa-6,9-diene by means of GC-MS, H-1 NMR and chiral HPLC analyses, and further chemical derivation followed by the GC-MS analysis. In a field test with. the pheromone synthesized stereoselectively, the male moths were specifically attracted to the (11S,12S)-isomer but not to the antipode. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)02038-4

  • Posticlure: a novel trans-epoxide as a sex pheromone component of the tussock moth, Orgyia postica (Walker)

    S Wakamura, N Arakaki, M Yamamoto, S Hiradate, H Yasui, T Yasuda, T Ando

    TETRAHEDRON LETTERS   2001年1月

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    記述言語:英語  

    A single EAG-active component was found in a pheromone extract from virgin females of the tussock moth, Orgyia postica. This compound nam ed posticlure possesses a trans-epoxy ring and was identified as (6Z,9Z,11S,12S)-11,12-epoxyhenicosa-6,9-diene by means of GC-MS, H-1 NMR and chiral HPLC analyses, and further chemical derivation followed by the GC-MS analysis. In a field test with. the pheromone synthesized stereoselectively, the male moths were specifically attracted to the (11S,12S)-isomer but not to the antipode. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)02038-4

  • Plant growth inhibitory activity of L-canavanine and its mode of action

    N Nakajima, S Hiradate, Y Fujii

    JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY   2001年1月

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    記述言語:英語  

    L-Canavanine is a nonprotein amino acid contained in jack bean [Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC] and shows a plant inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect was determined by an immersion test and a microdrop rest that employed rice seedlings. L-Canavanine inhibited elongation of the second leaf sheath of rice seedlings more than other natural bioactive substances, such as salicylic acid and cinnamic acid. The modified microdrop test revealed that the mode of action of L-canavanine had no relation to gibberellin synthesis. In the microdrop test, the inhibitory effect of L-canavanine was decreased by simultaneous addition of L-arginine. an analog of L-canavanine. Free amino acid analysis of rice shoots clearly showed that L-canavanine induced an unusual accumulation of L-arginine. However, accumulation of L-arginine did not cause the inhibitory effect on plant growth. These results suggest that the mechanism of inhibition of L-canavanine is closely related to the inhibition of arginine metabolism.

    DOI: 10.1023/A:1005659714947

  • Dissolution of iron by mugineic acid from soils and comparison with DTPA soil test

    S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2000年9月

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    Mugineic acid (MA), which is a multidentate phytosiderophore, is exuded to the rhizosphere by the roots of graminaceous plants (e.g. barley) growing under Fe-deficient conditions, resulting in the dissolution of Fe as a form of MA-Fe-III complex (MAFe). To clarify the effects of soil chemical properties on the amount of Fe dissolved by MA, an experiment to study the reaction of RIA using 38 soil samples was conducted, and the concentrations of free MA (uncomplexed and non-adsorbed MA) and MAFe in solution and the amounts of MA adsorbed on the soils were determined after the reaction. Soil pH value was a good indicator to predict the behavior of MA in soils. A large proportion of added MA was adsorbed on soils or formed MAFe in solution in acidic soils, whereas it did not react with soils and occurred as free MA in alkaline soils. These features were in good agreement with the interaction of MA with Fe (hydr)oxides, as reported in previous papers. Other soil chemical properties, such as soil organic carbon (SOC) content and the amount of amorphous (hydr)oxide components, also affected the behavior of MA in the soils, The Fe dissolution ability of MA was compared with that of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) soil test. Although the amounts of extractable Fe were similar between the MA extraction and DTPA soil test, factors influencing the amount of Fe dissolved (formation constant with Fe-III, reaction pH, rate constant, etc.) were different between both chelating compounds.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2000.10409132

  • Dissolution of iron by mugineic acid from soils and comparison with DTPA soil test

    S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   2000年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Mugineic acid (MA), which is a multidentate phytosiderophore, is exuded to the rhizosphere by the roots of graminaceous plants (e.g. barley) growing under Fe-deficient conditions, resulting in the dissolution of Fe as a form of MA-Fe-III complex (MAFe). To clarify the effects of soil chemical properties on the amount of Fe dissolved by MA, an experiment to study the reaction of RIA using 38 soil samples was conducted, and the concentrations of free MA (uncomplexed and non-adsorbed MA) and MAFe in solution and the amounts of MA adsorbed on the soils were determined after the reaction. Soil pH value was a good indicator to predict the behavior of MA in soils. A large proportion of added MA was adsorbed on soils or formed MAFe in solution in acidic soils, whereas it did not react with soils and occurred as free MA in alkaline soils. These features were in good agreement with the interaction of MA with Fe (hydr)oxides, as reported in previous papers. Other soil chemical properties, such as soil organic carbon (SOC) content and the amount of amorphous (hydr)oxide components, also affected the behavior of MA in the soils, The Fe dissolution ability of MA was compared with that of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) soil test. Although the amounts of extractable Fe were similar between the MA extraction and DTPA soil test, factors influencing the amount of Fe dissolved (formation constant with Fe-III, reaction pH, rate constant, etc.) were different between both chelating compounds.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.2000.10409132

  • Form of aluminium for uptake and translocation in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

    JF Ma, S Hiradate

    PLANTA   2000年8月

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    記述言語:英語  

    The forms of Al for uptake by the roots and translocation from the root to the shoot were investigated in a buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, cv. Jianxi) that accumulates Al in its leaves. The Al concentration ill the xylem sap was 15-fold higher in the plants exposed to AlCl3 than in those exposed to an Al-oxalate (1:3) complex, suggesting that the roots take up Al in the ionic form. The Al concentration in the xylem sap was 4-fold higher than that in the external solution after a 1-h exposure to AlCl3 solution and 10-fold higher after a 2-h exposure. The Al concentration in the xylem sap increased with increasing Al concentration in the external solution. The Al uptake was not affected by a respiratory inhibitor, hydroxylamine, but significantly inhibited by the addition of La. These results suggest that Al uptake by the root is a passive process, and La3+ competes for the binding sites for Al3+ on the plasma membrane. The form of Al in the xylem sap was identified by Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The chemical shift of Al-27 in the xylem sap was around 10.9 ppm, which is consistent with that of the Al-citrate complex. Furthermore, the dominant organic acid in the xylem sag was citric acid, indicating that Al was translocated in the form of Al-citrate complex. Because Al is present as Al-oxalate (1:3) in the root, the present data show that ligand exchange from oxalate to citrate occurs before Al is released to xylem.

    DOI: 10.1007/s004250000292

  • Form of aluminium for uptake and translocation in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

    JF Ma, S Hiradate

    PLANTA   2000年8月

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    記述言語:英語  

    The forms of Al for uptake by the roots and translocation from the root to the shoot were investigated in a buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, cv. Jianxi) that accumulates Al in its leaves. The Al concentration ill the xylem sap was 15-fold higher in the plants exposed to AlCl3 than in those exposed to an Al-oxalate (1:3) complex, suggesting that the roots take up Al in the ionic form. The Al concentration in the xylem sap was 4-fold higher than that in the external solution after a 1-h exposure to AlCl3 solution and 10-fold higher after a 2-h exposure. The Al concentration in the xylem sap increased with increasing Al concentration in the external solution. The Al uptake was not affected by a respiratory inhibitor, hydroxylamine, but significantly inhibited by the addition of La. These results suggest that Al uptake by the root is a passive process, and La3+ competes for the binding sites for Al3+ on the plasma membrane. The form of Al in the xylem sap was identified by Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The chemical shift of Al-27 in the xylem sap was around 10.9 ppm, which is consistent with that of the Al-citrate complex. Furthermore, the dominant organic acid in the xylem sag was citric acid, indicating that Al was translocated in the form of Al-citrate complex. Because Al is present as Al-oxalate (1:3) in the root, the present data show that ligand exchange from oxalate to citrate occurs before Al is released to xylem.

    DOI: 10.1007/s004250000292

  • Absolute configuration of 2-methoxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid as determined by the 1H NMR anisotropy method

    Akio Ichikawa, Syuntaro Hiradate, Akinori Sugio, Shunsuke Kuwahara, Masataka Watanabe, Nobuyuki Harada

    Tetrahedron Asymmetry   2000年7月

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    記述言語:英語  

    2-Methoxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid 1 and 2-hydroxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid 2 were prepared by the Grignard reaction of 2-naphthylmagnesium bromide with (1R,2S,5R)-(-)-menthyl pyruvate. The absolute configurations of (+)-1 and (+)-2 were determined to be S by the 1H NMR anisotropy method. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0957-4166(00)00233-0

  • Absolute configuration of 2-methoxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid as determined by the 1H NMR anisotropy method

    Akio Ichikawa, Syuntaro Hiradate, Akinori Sugio, Shunsuke Kuwahara, Masataka Watanabe, Nobuyuki Harada

    Tetrahedron Asymmetry   2000年7月

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    記述言語:英語  

    2-Methoxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid 1 and 2-hydroxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid 2 were prepared by the Grignard reaction of 2-naphthylmagnesium bromide with (1R,2S,5R)-(-)-menthyl pyruvate. The absolute configurations of (+)-1 and (+)-2 were determined to be S by the 1H NMR anisotropy method. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0957-4166(00)00233-0

  • 33 クレオメの他感作用と作用物質メチルイソチオシアネートの同定

    藤井 義晴, 松山 稔, 下澤 秀樹, 平舘 俊太郎, 中谷 敬子

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2000年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Identification of methyl isothiocyanate as allelochemical of Spider Flower (Cleome spinosa).

  • 35 ニセアカシアのアレロパシーの検証と作用物質の分析

    諸岡 伸康, 久野 勝治, 前河 正昭, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2000年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Allelopathy of black locust : Assessment of allelopathic activity and isolation of the allelochemicals.

  • 34 揮発性他感物質の検定法と作用成分の分析法の開発

    藤井 義晴, 松山 稔, 平舘 俊太郎, 中谷 敬子

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   2000年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Development of new bioassay for volatile allelochemicals : Dish-pack method.

  • 21-14 植物由来揮発性物質によるアレロパシー活性の生物検定法(21.土壌改良資材)

    松山 稔, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集   2000年3月

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    記述言語:日本語  

  • Colletotrichum dematium produces phytotoxins in anthracnose lesions of mulberry leaves

    S Yoshida, S Hiradate, Y Fujii, A Shirata

    PHYTOPATHOLOGY   2000年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Colletotrichum dematium, the causal agent of mulberry anthracnose, was examined to produce phytotoxins in vitro and in planta. Raw and autoclaved mulberry leaves infected with the fungus, as well as the fungus incubated with several solid or liquid media, were extracted with acetone. Extracts obtained from the fungus grown on raw and autoclaved mulberry leaves caused brown necrotic lesions on susceptible mulberry leaves when they were placed (10 mu l) on the wounded adaxial surface. Whereas, no extracts obtained from media, except inoculated medium containing homogenized mulberry leaves, induced the necrosis, suggesting that the fungus produced phytotoxins in planta and that some components in mulberry leaves may be indispensable substrates for producing the toxins. The phytotoxins obtained from the diseased leaves induced necrosis on nonhost plants leaves as well as on mulberry leaves. The toxins were present in the border of anthracnose lesions on the leaves, and the sensitivity to the toxin correlated with that to the fungus infection in each susceptible or resistant mulberry cultivar. These results suggest that the phytotoxins are host nonspecific and play a role in fungal pathogenesis in the development of the lesions. Four toxic compounds were isolated and purified from anthracnose lesions. However, due to the low yield, the chemical structure of the compounds could not be identified.

    DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.3.285

  • Colletotrichum dematium produces phytotoxins in anthracnose lesions of mulberry leaves

    S Yoshida, S Hiradate, Y Fujii, A Shirata

    PHYTOPATHOLOGY   2000年3月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Colletotrichum dematium, the causal agent of mulberry anthracnose, was examined to produce phytotoxins in vitro and in planta. Raw and autoclaved mulberry leaves infected with the fungus, as well as the fungus incubated with several solid or liquid media, were extracted with acetone. Extracts obtained from the fungus grown on raw and autoclaved mulberry leaves caused brown necrotic lesions on susceptible mulberry leaves when they were placed (10 mu l) on the wounded adaxial surface. Whereas, no extracts obtained from media, except inoculated medium containing homogenized mulberry leaves, induced the necrosis, suggesting that the fungus produced phytotoxins in planta and that some components in mulberry leaves may be indispensable substrates for producing the toxins. The phytotoxins obtained from the diseased leaves induced necrosis on nonhost plants leaves as well as on mulberry leaves. The toxins were present in the border of anthracnose lesions on the leaves, and the sensitivity to the toxin correlated with that to the fungus infection in each susceptible or resistant mulberry cultivar. These results suggest that the phytotoxins are host nonspecific and play a role in fungal pathogenesis in the development of the lesions. Four toxic compounds were isolated and purified from anthracnose lesions. However, due to the low yield, the chemical structure of the compounds could not be identified.

    DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.3.285

  • Mucilage strongly binds aluminum but does not prevent roots from aluminum injury in Zea mays

    XF Li, JF Ma, S Hiradate, H Matsumoto

    PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM   2000年2月

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    記述言語:英語  

    The possible role of mucilage in protecting roots from aluminum (Al) injury mas investigated in Zea mays L. (cv. Golden Cross Bantam), focusing on binding of Al with mucilage and effects of mucilage on Al toxicity. Al mas bound to mucilage after the treatment of roots with 10-50 mu M Al for 1 h and 30 mu M Al for 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. Using molecular sieve chromatography (Sephadex G-100), Al was co-eluted with a high molecular mass sugar and a low molecular mass sugar. The difficulty in desorbing Al from mucilage with organic acids confirmed the strong binding strength of Al by mucilage revealed by (27)Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Al could not be desorbed completely by succinic, melic, oxalic and citric acid at a molar ratio of 1:1. It could only be completely removed by oxalic acid at a molar ratio of 20:1 (oxalate:Al). Bioassay experiments showed that cell viability and callose formation were unaffected by Al bound to mucilage. However, mucilage deprived roots had only 0.21-0.59 nmol apex(-1) higher Al content than control roots after treatment with 30 mu M Al for 1, 1.5 and 2 h. Moreover, inhibition of root elongation by 5 mu M Al for 6, 12, 24 and 36 h was independent of the presence or absence of mucilage prior to the Al treatment. These results indicate that although mucilage affects the accumulation of Al by roots, it does not confer Al resistance to Z. mays root apices.

    DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2000.108002152.x

  • Mucilage strongly binds aluminum but does not prevent roots from aluminum injury in Zea mays

    XF Li, JF Ma, S Hiradate, H Matsumoto

    PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM   2000年2月

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    記述言語:英語  

    The possible role of mucilage in protecting roots from aluminum (Al) injury mas investigated in Zea mays L. (cv. Golden Cross Bantam), focusing on binding of Al with mucilage and effects of mucilage on Al toxicity. Al mas bound to mucilage after the treatment of roots with 10-50 mu M Al for 1 h and 30 mu M Al for 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. Using molecular sieve chromatography (Sephadex G-100), Al was co-eluted with a high molecular mass sugar and a low molecular mass sugar. The difficulty in desorbing Al from mucilage with organic acids confirmed the strong binding strength of Al by mucilage revealed by (27)Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Al could not be desorbed completely by succinic, melic, oxalic and citric acid at a molar ratio of 1:1. It could only be completely removed by oxalic acid at a molar ratio of 20:1 (oxalate:Al). Bioassay experiments showed that cell viability and callose formation were unaffected by Al bound to mucilage. However, mucilage deprived roots had only 0.21-0.59 nmol apex(-1) higher Al content than control roots after treatment with 30 mu M Al for 1, 1.5 and 2 h. Moreover, inhibition of root elongation by 5 mu M Al for 6, 12, 24 and 36 h was independent of the presence or absence of mucilage prior to the Al treatment. These results indicate that although mucilage affects the accumulation of Al by roots, it does not confer Al resistance to Z. mays root apices.

    DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2000.108002152.x

  • Three plant growth inhibiting saponins from Duranta repens

    S Hiradate, H Yada, T Ishii, N Nakajima, M Ohnishi-Kameyama, H Sugie, S Zungsontiporn, Y Fujii

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   1999年12月

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    Three new triterpenoid-type saponins were isolated from leaves of Duranta repens using plant growth inhibiting activity against seedlings of Brassica juncea var. cernua as a guide for fractionation. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as polygalacic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosido-28-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3')-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1--->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -->2)-beta-L-arabinopyranoside] (durantanin I), polygalacic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosido-28-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 3)]-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-L-arabinopyranoside] (durantanin II), and polygalacic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosido-28-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-L-arabinopyranoside] (durantanin III). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00408-2

  • Three plant growth inhibiting saponins from Duranta repens

    S Hiradate, H Yada, T Ishii, N Nakajima, M Ohnishi-Kameyama, H Sugie, S Zungsontiporn, Y Fujii

    PHYTOCHEMISTRY   1999年12月

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    Three new triterpenoid-type saponins were isolated from leaves of Duranta repens using plant growth inhibiting activity against seedlings of Brassica juncea var. cernua as a guide for fractionation. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as polygalacic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosido-28-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3')-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1--->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -->2)-beta-L-arabinopyranoside] (durantanin I), polygalacic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosido-28-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 3)]-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-L-arabinopyranoside] (durantanin II), and polygalacic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosido-28-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-L-arabinopyranoside] (durantanin III). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00408-2

  • Absolute configuration of 2-hydroxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid as determined by the H-1 NMR anisotropy method

    A Ichikawa, S Hiradate, A Sugio, S Kuwahara, M Watanabe, N Harada

    TETRAHEDRON-ASYMMETRY   1999年10月

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    Enantiopure 2-hydroxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid (+)-2 was prepared by the stereoselective Grignard reaction of 1-naphthylmagnesium bromide with (1R,3R,4S)-menthyl pyruvate 3 or (1R,3R,4S)-8-phenylmenthyl pyruvate 4, and the absolute configuration of acid (+)-2 was unambiguously determined to be S by the H-1 NMR anisotropy method. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0957-4166(99)00451-6

  • Absolute configuration of 2-hydroxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid as determined by the H-1 NMR anisotropy method

    A Ichikawa, S Hiradate, A Sugio, S Kuwahara, M Watanabe, N Harada

    TETRAHEDRON-ASYMMETRY   1999年10月

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    Enantiopure 2-hydroxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid (+)-2 was prepared by the stereoselective Grignard reaction of 1-naphthylmagnesium bromide with (1R,3R,4S)-menthyl pyruvate 3 or (1R,3R,4S)-8-phenylmenthyl pyruvate 4, and the absolute configuration of acid (+)-2 was unambiguously determined to be S by the H-1 NMR anisotropy method. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0957-4166(99)00451-6

  • 21 L-カナバニンによる植物生育阻害の作用機構について

    中嶋 直子, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   1999年8月

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    Study on plant growth inhibitory effect of L-canavanine

  • 82 ヒガンバナの他感作用と作用物質リコリン・クリニンの同定

    藤井 義晴, IQBAL Zahida, 平舘 俊太郎, 中嶋 直子, 中谷 敬子, 高橋 道彦

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   1999年8月

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    Allelopathy of Lycoris radiata : Identification of lycorine and crinine as allelochemicals

  • (34) クワ炭疽病病斑部から抽出される毒素の単離および病原性への役割 (平成11年度 日本植物病理学会大会)

    吉田 重信, 平舘 俊太郎, 白田 昭, 藤井 義晴, 村上 理都子, 矢澤 盈男

    日本植物病理學會報   1999年6月

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    Isolation of Toxins Extracted from Lesions of Mulberry Leaves Inoculated with Colletorichum dematium, and Role of the Toxins in Pathogenicity

  • Chemical species of Al in a gypsum-treated Kitakami andosol

    M Toma, S Hiradate, M Saigusa

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   1999年6月

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    To examine the possibility that the Al-13 polymer ( [AIO(4)Al(12)(OH)(24)(H2O)(12)](7+)) could be formed in soils after gypsum application, an analytical method using a cation exchange resin and Al-27 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was applied to gypsum-treated Kitakami Andosol (fine, mixed, mesic, Andic Dystrochrept), The NMR spectra of the cation exchange resins which retained artificially synthesized hydroxy-Al, showed two broad peaks at 0 and 63 ppm, These results indicated that monomer and/or dimer Al and Al-13 polymers adsorbed on the cation exchange resin could be detected with Al-27 NMR, The amount of polymer Al increased by gypsum application in the Kitakami soil. The NMR spectrum of this resin showed only one peak at 0 ppm indicating that the polymer Al formed in the gypsum treated Kitakami soil was not the Al-13 polymer.

  • Dissolution of iron from iron (hydr)oxides by mugineic acid

    S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   1998年9月

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    Mugineic acid (MA; (2S, 2'S, 3'S, 3 " S)-N-[3-carboxy-3-(3-carboxy-3-hydroxy-propylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl]-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid), a multidentate complexing agent, is exuded by the roots of graminaceous plants (e.g. barley) growing under Fe-deficient conditions. The nature of the interactions of MA with Fe (hydr)oxide minerals in soils is thus of considerable practical importance. To examine the availability of RIA in dissolving Fe (hydr)oxides, we investigated the amounts of Fe dissolved from 24 samples of Fe (hydr)oxides by 100 mu M MA (Fe-MA) and 200 mM NH4-oxalate (Fe-0).
    The Fe-0 values were much larger than the Fe-MA ones, though the crystallinity of the Fe (hydr)oxides was a significant factor. For Fe (hydr)oxides consisting of goethite, hematite, ferrihydrite, and their mixture, Fe-MA increased with the increase of Fe-0, indicating that Fe-MA would be correlated with Fee, that is the amount of short-range ordered Fe minerals including ferrihydrite. For goethite, hematite, magnetite, maghemite, and lepidocrocite with a high crystallinity, MA was relatively ineffective in dissolving Fe, although a part of crystalline magnetite, maghemite, and lepidocrocite could be dissolved by NH4-oxalate. For soils containing significant amounts of magnetite, maghemite, lepidocrocite, it is unlikely therefore that Fe-0 would be a useful indicator of plant-available Fe.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.1998.10414453

  • タイワンレンギョウ由来の新規生理活性サポニンの作用機構について

    中嶋 直子, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    日本植物学会大会研究発表記録 = Proceedings of the annual meeting of the Botanical Society of Japan   1998年9月

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  • Dissolution of iron from iron (hydr)oxides by mugineic acid

    S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   1998年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Mugineic acid (MA; (2S, 2'S, 3'S, 3 " S)-N-[3-carboxy-3-(3-carboxy-3-hydroxy-propylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl]-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid), a multidentate complexing agent, is exuded by the roots of graminaceous plants (e.g. barley) growing under Fe-deficient conditions. The nature of the interactions of MA with Fe (hydr)oxide minerals in soils is thus of considerable practical importance. To examine the availability of RIA in dissolving Fe (hydr)oxides, we investigated the amounts of Fe dissolved from 24 samples of Fe (hydr)oxides by 100 mu M MA (Fe-MA) and 200 mM NH4-oxalate (Fe-0).
    The Fe-0 values were much larger than the Fe-MA ones, though the crystallinity of the Fe (hydr)oxides was a significant factor. For Fe (hydr)oxides consisting of goethite, hematite, ferrihydrite, and their mixture, Fe-MA increased with the increase of Fe-0, indicating that Fe-MA would be correlated with Fee, that is the amount of short-range ordered Fe minerals including ferrihydrite. For goethite, hematite, magnetite, maghemite, and lepidocrocite with a high crystallinity, MA was relatively ineffective in dissolving Fe, although a part of crystalline magnetite, maghemite, and lepidocrocite could be dissolved by NH4-oxalate. For soils containing significant amounts of magnetite, maghemite, lepidocrocite, it is unlikely therefore that Fe-0 would be a useful indicator of plant-available Fe.

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.1998.10414453

  • High aluminum resistance in buckwheat - II. Oxalic acid detoxifies aluminum internally

    JF Ma, S Hiradate, H Matsumoto

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   1998年7月

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    which Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. cv Jianxi): shows high Al resistance, accumulates Al in the leaves. The Internal detoxification mechanism was studied by purifying and identifying Al complexes in the leaves and roofs. About 90% of Al accumulated in the leaves was found in the cell sap, in which the dominant organic acid was oxalic acid. Purification of the Al complex in the cell sap of leaves by molecular-sieve chromatography resulted in a complex with a ratio of Al to oxalic acid of 1:3. A C-13-nuclear magnetic resonance study of the purified cell sap revealed only one signal at a chemical shift 164.4 ppm, which was assigned to the Al-chelated carboxylic group of oxalic acid. A Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed one major signal at the chemical shift of 16.0 to 17.0 ppm, with a minor signal at the chemical shift of 11.0 to 12 ppm in both the intact roots and their cell sap, which is consistent with the Al-oxalate complexes at 1:3 and 2:2 ratios, respectively. The purified cell sap was not phytotoxic to root elongation in corn (Zea mays). All of these results indicate that Al tolerance in the roots and leaves of buckwheat is achieved by the formation of a nonphytotoxic Al-oxalate (1:3) complex.

    DOI: 10.1104/pp.117.3.753

  • High aluminum resistance in buckwheat - II. Oxalic acid detoxifies aluminum internally

    JF Ma, S Hiradate, H Matsumoto

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   1998年7月

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    which Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. cv Jianxi): shows high Al resistance, accumulates Al in the leaves. The Internal detoxification mechanism was studied by purifying and identifying Al complexes in the leaves and roofs. About 90% of Al accumulated in the leaves was found in the cell sap, in which the dominant organic acid was oxalic acid. Purification of the Al complex in the cell sap of leaves by molecular-sieve chromatography resulted in a complex with a ratio of Al to oxalic acid of 1:3. A C-13-nuclear magnetic resonance study of the purified cell sap revealed only one signal at a chemical shift 164.4 ppm, which was assigned to the Al-chelated carboxylic group of oxalic acid. A Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed one major signal at the chemical shift of 16.0 to 17.0 ppm, with a minor signal at the chemical shift of 11.0 to 12 ppm in both the intact roots and their cell sap, which is consistent with the Al-oxalate complexes at 1:3 and 2:2 ratios, respectively. The purified cell sap was not phytotoxic to root elongation in corn (Zea mays). All of these results indicate that Al tolerance in the roots and leaves of buckwheat is achieved by the formation of a nonphytotoxic Al-oxalate (1:3) complex.

    DOI: 10.1104/pp.117.3.753

  • Retention of phosphate by hydroxyaluminosilicate- and hydroxyaluminum-montmorillonite complexes

    UK Saha, S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   1998年7月

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    Hydroxyaluminosilicate (HAS) ions were prepared from solutions containing hydroxyaluminum (HyA) ions and orthosilicic acids at an Al concentration of approximate to 4 mill; Si/Al molar ratios of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0; and NaOH/Al molar ratios of 1.0, 2.0, and 2.5. Phosphate retention behavior of montmorillonite (Mt) carrying nonexchangeably adsorbed HyA, HAS ions, or both (HyA/HAS-Mt complexes) was studied at equilibrating solution pH of approximate to 5.0, The HyA/HAS-Mt complexes showed larger phosphate retention capacities than untreated Mt. Retention of phosphate by these complexes at 0.5 to 50 mM initial P concentrations decreased with increasing NaOH/Al and Si/Al ratios of the hydroxy materials adsorbed on hit. Phosphate, probably retained initially through surface complexation and ligand exchange reactions principally with OH or OH2 groups, coordinated with Al atoms at the broken edges of HyA or HAS polymers adsorbed on the external planar surfaces and in the interlayer spaces of Mt. This was followed by expulsion of the phosphated hydroxy materials from the Mt interlayers to the ambient solution, and finally, precipitation as amorphous Al-phosphate solid phases. Results of this study thus merit attention in P-fertility management as well as indicate a probable P-induced weathering process in acidic nonallophanic Andisols and in Red-Yellow soils (Hapludalfs and Hapludults) with a predominance of hydroxy-interlayered minerals.

    DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200040011x

  • Retention of phosphate by hydroxyaluminosilicate- and hydroxyaluminum-montmorillonite complexes

    UK Saha, S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   1998年7月

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    Hydroxyaluminosilicate (HAS) ions were prepared from solutions containing hydroxyaluminum (HyA) ions and orthosilicic acids at an Al concentration of approximate to 4 mill; Si/Al molar ratios of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0; and NaOH/Al molar ratios of 1.0, 2.0, and 2.5. Phosphate retention behavior of montmorillonite (Mt) carrying nonexchangeably adsorbed HyA, HAS ions, or both (HyA/HAS-Mt complexes) was studied at equilibrating solution pH of approximate to 5.0, The HyA/HAS-Mt complexes showed larger phosphate retention capacities than untreated Mt. Retention of phosphate by these complexes at 0.5 to 50 mM initial P concentrations decreased with increasing NaOH/Al and Si/Al ratios of the hydroxy materials adsorbed on hit. Phosphate, probably retained initially through surface complexation and ligand exchange reactions principally with OH or OH2 groups, coordinated with Al atoms at the broken edges of HyA or HAS polymers adsorbed on the external planar surfaces and in the interlayer spaces of Mt. This was followed by expulsion of the phosphated hydroxy materials from the Mt interlayers to the ambient solution, and finally, precipitation as amorphous Al-phosphate solid phases. Results of this study thus merit attention in P-fertility management as well as indicate a probable P-induced weathering process in acidic nonallophanic Andisols and in Red-Yellow soils (Hapludalfs and Hapludults) with a predominance of hydroxy-interlayered minerals.

    DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200040011x

  • Aluminum speciation in aluminum-silica solutions and potassium chloride extracts of acidic soils

    S Hiradate, S Taniguchi, K Sakurai

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   1998年5月

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    To differentiate chemical species of Al in soil solutions, a method using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was applied to laboratory preparations of hydroxyaluminum (HyA) and hydroxyaluminosilicate (HAS) ions ([OH]/[Al] = 2.0), and 1 M KCl extracts from acidic soils. The Al in a Al-OH-Si(OH)(4) mixture was separated into three fractions: Al-13([AlO4Al12(OH)(24)(H2O)(12)](7+)), Al-SYM, and Al-NON. The Al-13 and Al-SYM were quantitatively determined by Al-27-NMR at 63 and 0 ppm, respectively. The Al-NON was defined as the Al that cannot be determined by Al-27-NMR. The Al-SYM was attributed to electrically symmetric octahedral Al including monomer land dimer) HyA ions, and the Al-NON was attributed to electrically asymmetric Al including HAS and polymer HyA ions. The concentrations of Al-13 decreased with increasing Si/Al molar ratio of the mixed solutions, and Al-13 was not detected at Si/Al greater than or equal to 0.28. With increasing Si/Al molar ratio, the concentration of Al-SYM increased slightly, while Al-NON increased significantly. In the KCL extracts from soils, the Al-13 was not detected at all. This result suggests that Al-13 is not formed in these soils, or that the persistence of Al-13 in the soil solution is strongly inhibited by adsorption or precipitation reactions. The presence of organically complexed Al (Al-ORG) was also directly detected in KCL extracts from upper horizons by Al-27-NMR spectra. The chemical shift of resonance peak of Al-ORG was close to that of the 1:1 complex of AL oxalate. On average, 92 and 96% of the KCl-exchangeable Al existed as Al-SYM and Al-SYM plus Al-ORG respectively.

  • Aluminum speciation in aluminum-silica solutions and potassium chloride extracts of acidic soils

    S Hiradate, S Taniguchi, K Sakurai

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   1998年5月

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    To differentiate chemical species of Al in soil solutions, a method using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was applied to laboratory preparations of hydroxyaluminum (HyA) and hydroxyaluminosilicate (HAS) ions ([OH]/[Al] = 2.0), and 1 M KCl extracts from acidic soils. The Al in a Al-OH-Si(OH)(4) mixture was separated into three fractions: Al-13([AlO4Al12(OH)(24)(H2O)(12)](7+)), Al-SYM, and Al-NON. The Al-13 and Al-SYM were quantitatively determined by Al-27-NMR at 63 and 0 ppm, respectively. The Al-NON was defined as the Al that cannot be determined by Al-27-NMR. The Al-SYM was attributed to electrically symmetric octahedral Al including monomer land dimer) HyA ions, and the Al-NON was attributed to electrically asymmetric Al including HAS and polymer HyA ions. The concentrations of Al-13 decreased with increasing Si/Al molar ratio of the mixed solutions, and Al-13 was not detected at Si/Al greater than or equal to 0.28. With increasing Si/Al molar ratio, the concentration of Al-SYM increased slightly, while Al-NON increased significantly. In the KCL extracts from soils, the Al-13 was not detected at all. This result suggests that Al-13 is not formed in these soils, or that the persistence of Al-13 in the soil solution is strongly inhibited by adsorption or precipitation reactions. The presence of organically complexed Al (Al-ORG) was also directly detected in KCL extracts from upper horizons by Al-27-NMR spectra. The chemical shift of resonance peak of Al-ORG was close to that of the 1:1 complex of AL oxalate. On average, 92 and 96% of the KCl-exchangeable Al existed as Al-SYM and Al-SYM plus Al-ORG respectively.

  • 83 抑草活性をもつ天然生理活性物質の探索 : 他感作用候補物質から

    中嶋 直子, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   1998年3月

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    Screening of natural biologically active substances with plant growth inhibitory effects-Evaluation of candidates of allelochemicals

  • Interaction of mugineic acid with iron (hydr)oxides: Sulfate and phosphate influences

    S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   1998年1月

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    Interactions of 100 mu mol L-1 mugineic acid (MA) with synthetically produced Fe (hydr)oxides (goethite, hematite, lepidocrocite, and ferrihydrite) as influenced by 100 mmol L-1 SO42- and phosphate were studied at equilibrium in the pH range from 3 to 11, In the presence of SO42-, the concentrations of total MA [i.e., free MA + Fe(III)-MA complexes] and Fe(III) dissolved by MA in the filtrates were higher than those in the presence of 100 mmol L-1 Cl- at pH < 7. Sulfate increased the formation of Fe(III)-MA complexes indirectly by reducing the adsorption of MA and Fe(III)-MA by the Fe (hydr)oxides. The adsorption of MA by the Fe (hydr)oxides and consequently the MA-promoted dissolution of Fe(III) from ferrihydrite and lepidocrocite were greatly inhibited by the adsorption of phosphate. The slight dissolution of Fe(III) between pH 5 and 9 is partly attributed to the formation of soluble Fe(III)-phosphate complexes. Although MA does not react directly with Fe (hydr)oxides in the presence of excess phosphate, MA mould promote the dissolution reaction of Fe(III) by phosphate, The sequence of adsorption affinity for the Fe (hydr)oxides was found to be: phosphate >> MA > Fe(III)-MA, SO42-> Cl-. Our results suggest that SO42- and especially phosphate applied as fertilizers may inhibit the MA-promoted dissolution of Fe(III) from Fe (hydr)oxides in soils mainly by displacement of MA from the surface of Fe (hydr)oxides.

  • Interaction of mugineic acid with iron (hydr)oxides: Sulfate and phosphate influences

    S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   1998年1月

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    Interactions of 100 mu mol L-1 mugineic acid (MA) with synthetically produced Fe (hydr)oxides (goethite, hematite, lepidocrocite, and ferrihydrite) as influenced by 100 mmol L-1 SO42- and phosphate were studied at equilibrium in the pH range from 3 to 11, In the presence of SO42-, the concentrations of total MA [i.e., free MA + Fe(III)-MA complexes] and Fe(III) dissolved by MA in the filtrates were higher than those in the presence of 100 mmol L-1 Cl- at pH < 7. Sulfate increased the formation of Fe(III)-MA complexes indirectly by reducing the adsorption of MA and Fe(III)-MA by the Fe (hydr)oxides. The adsorption of MA by the Fe (hydr)oxides and consequently the MA-promoted dissolution of Fe(III) from ferrihydrite and lepidocrocite were greatly inhibited by the adsorption of phosphate. The slight dissolution of Fe(III) between pH 5 and 9 is partly attributed to the formation of soluble Fe(III)-phosphate complexes. Although MA does not react directly with Fe (hydr)oxides in the presence of excess phosphate, MA mould promote the dissolution reaction of Fe(III) by phosphate, The sequence of adsorption affinity for the Fe (hydr)oxides was found to be: phosphate >> MA > Fe(III)-MA, SO42-> Cl-. Our results suggest that SO42- and especially phosphate applied as fertilizers may inhibit the MA-promoted dissolution of Fe(III) from Fe (hydr)oxides in soils mainly by displacement of MA from the surface of Fe (hydr)oxides.

  • Detoxifying aluminium with buckwheat

    JF Ma, SJ Zheng, H Matsumoto, S Hiradate

    NATURE   1997年12月

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  • Identification of cyanidin 3-O-(3'',6''-beta-dimalonyl-beta-glucopyranoside) as a flower pigment of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum)

    M Nakayama, M Koshioka, M Shibata, S Hiradate, H Sugie, M Yamaguchi

    BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY   1997年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    It had been suggested that cyanidin 3-O-(6 ''-O-monomalonyl-beta-glucopyranoside) and another unknown compound occur as major pigments in the purplish-red flower of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum). We determined the structure of the unknown compound as cyanidin 3-O-(3 '',6 ''-O-dimalonyl-beta-glucopyranoside) by FAB-MS and H-1-NMR. This is the first report of the identification of the cyanidin 3-dimalonyl glucoside as a flower pigment.

    DOI: 10.1271/bbb.61.1607

  • Identification of cyanidin 3-O-(3'',6''-beta-dimalonyl-beta-glucopyranoside) as a flower pigment of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum)

    M Nakayama, M Koshioka, M Shibata, S Hiradate, H Sugie, M Yamaguchi

    BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY   1997年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    It had been suggested that cyanidin 3-O-(6 ''-O-monomalonyl-beta-glucopyranoside) and another unknown compound occur as major pigments in the purplish-red flower of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum). We determined the structure of the unknown compound as cyanidin 3-O-(3 '',6 ''-O-dimalonyl-beta-glucopyranoside) by FAB-MS and H-1-NMR. This is the first report of the identification of the cyanidin 3-dimalonyl glucoside as a flower pigment.

    DOI: 10.1271/bbb.61.1607

  • 60 L-DOPAが植物の生育に及ぼす作用 : 糖代謝、アミノ酸組織に及ぼす影響

    中嶋 直子, 中谷 敬子, 平舘 俊太郎, 藤井 義晴

    雑草研究. 別号, 講演会講演要旨   1997年4月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Mode of action of L-DOPA on plant growth : Effects on suger metabolism and composition of amino acids

  • Internal detoxification mechanism of Al in hydrangea - Identification of Al form in the leaves

    JF Ma, S Hiradate, K Nomoto, T Iwashita, H Matsumoto

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   1997年4月

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    記述言語:英語  

    An internal detoxification mechanism for Al was investigated in an Al-accumulating plant, hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla), focusing on Al forms present in the cells. The leaves of hydrangea contained as much as 15.7 mmol Al kg(-1) fresh weight, and more than two-thirds of the Al was found in the cell sap. Using Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance, the dominant peak of Al was observed at a chemical shift of 11 to 12 parts per million in both intact leaves and the extracted cell sap, which is in good accordance with the chemical shift for the 1:1 Al-citrate complex. Purification of cell sap by molecular sieve chromatography (Sephadex G-10) combined with ion-exclusion chromatography indicated that Al in fractions with the same retention time as citric acid contributed to the observed Al-27 peak in the intact leaves. The molar ratio of Al to citric acid in the crude and purified cell sap approximated 1. The structure of the ligand chelated with Al was identified to be citric acid. Bioassay experiments showed that the purified Al complex from the cell sap did not inhibit root elongation of corn (Zea mays L.) and the viability of cells on the root tip surface was also not affected. These observations indicate that Al is bound to citric acid in the cells of hydrangea leaves.

  • Internal detoxification mechanism of Al in hydrangea - Identification of Al form in the leaves

    JF Ma, S Hiradate, K Nomoto, T Iwashita, H Matsumoto

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   1997年4月

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    記述言語:英語  

    An internal detoxification mechanism for Al was investigated in an Al-accumulating plant, hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla), focusing on Al forms present in the cells. The leaves of hydrangea contained as much as 15.7 mmol Al kg(-1) fresh weight, and more than two-thirds of the Al was found in the cell sap. Using Al-27-nuclear magnetic resonance, the dominant peak of Al was observed at a chemical shift of 11 to 12 parts per million in both intact leaves and the extracted cell sap, which is in good accordance with the chemical shift for the 1:1 Al-citrate complex. Purification of cell sap by molecular sieve chromatography (Sephadex G-10) combined with ion-exclusion chromatography indicated that Al in fractions with the same retention time as citric acid contributed to the observed Al-27 peak in the intact leaves. The molar ratio of Al to citric acid in the crude and purified cell sap approximated 1. The structure of the ligand chelated with Al was identified to be citric acid. Bioassay experiments showed that the purified Al complex from the cell sap did not inhibit root elongation of corn (Zea mays L.) and the viability of cells on the root tip surface was also not affected. These observations indicate that Al is bound to citric acid in the cells of hydrangea leaves.

  • (15) カラシナから生じる揮発性物質のホウレンソウ萎ちょう病菌 (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae) に対する生育抑制・殺菌効果 (関東部会)

    竹原 利明, 萩原 廣, 藤井 義晴, 平舘 俊太郎, 長井 克将

    日本植物病理學會報   1996年12月

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    記述言語:日本語  

    Growth Inhibition and Fungicidal Activity of Volatile Compound from Brassica juncea on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae

  • Determination of mugineic acid, 2'-deoxymugineic acid, 3-hydroxymugineic acid, and their iron complexes by ion-pair HPLC and colorimetric procedures

    S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   1996年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.1996.10416335

  • Determination of mugineic acid, 2'-deoxymugineic acid, 3-hydroxymugineic acid, and their iron complexes by ion-pair HPLC and colorimetric procedures

    S Hiradate, K Inoue

    SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION   1996年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    DOI: 10.1080/00380768.1996.10416335

  • INTERACTION OF MUGINEIC ACID WITH SYNTHETICALLY PRODUCED IRON-OXIDES

    K INOUE, S HIRADATE, S TAKAGI

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   1993年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Interactions between mugineic acid (MA) purified from root washings of Fe-deficient barley (Hordeum vulgare L., cv. Minorimugi) and synthetically produced Fe oxides (goethite, hematite, lepidocrocite, and ferrihydrite) were studied in the equilibrium pH range of 3 to 11. The amount of MA adsorbed on Fe oxides was related to their specific surface area and followed the order: ferrihydrite > > goethite greater than or equal to lepidocrocite greater than or equal to hematite. The adsorption of MA on Fe oxides also decreased with increasing equilibrium pH and increased with increasing MA concentration. The MAFe complexes were also adsorbed on Fe oxides, especially on ferrihydrite and goethite, at pH 3 to 7. At pH > 10, however, MAFe complexes were decomposed to MA and Fe(OH)(3) colloids. The amount of Fe dissolved from Fe oxides by MA was in the following order: ferrihydrite > > lepidocrocite greater than or equal to hematite = goethite. The Fe dissolution from Fe oxides by MA was related to their crystallinity and the maximum amount of Fe dissolved by MA was in the pH range of 7 to 8. The amounts of MA adsorbed on Fe oxides and Fe dissolved by MA from Fe oxides depended on MA concentration, pH, and the type and the amount of Fe oxides added in the system. The Fe dissolution processes from Fe oxides by MA could involve two factors, namely (i) the complexation of MA with Fe exposed on the surface of Fe oxides by ligand exchange; and (ii) the release of MAFe complexes from adsorption sites on Fe oxides by nucleophilic substitution. Our data further clarify the chemistry of Fe nutrition of graminaceous plants in Fe-deficiency-causing soils.

  • INTERACTION OF MUGINEIC ACID WITH SYNTHETICALLY PRODUCED IRON-OXIDES

    K INOUE, S HIRADATE, S TAKAGI

    SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL   1993年9月

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    記述言語:英語  

    Interactions between mugineic acid (MA) purified from root washings of Fe-deficient barley (Hordeum vulgare L., cv. Minorimugi) and synthetically produced Fe oxides (goethite, hematite, lepidocrocite, and ferrihydrite) were studied in the equilibrium pH range of 3 to 11. The amount of MA adsorbed on Fe oxides was related to their specific surface area and followed the order: ferrihydrite > > goethite greater than or equal to lepidocrocite greater than or equal to hematite. The adsorption of MA on Fe oxides also decreased with increasing equilibrium pH and increased with increasing MA concentration. The MAFe complexes were also adsorbed on Fe oxides, especially on ferrihydrite and goethite, at pH 3 to 7. At pH > 10, however, MAFe complexes were decomposed to MA and Fe(OH)(3) colloids. The amount of Fe dissolved from Fe oxides by MA was in the following order: ferrihydrite > > lepidocrocite greater than or equal to hematite = goethite. The Fe dissolution from Fe oxides by MA was related to their crystallinity and the maximum amount of Fe dissolved by MA was in the pH range of 7 to 8. The amounts of MA adsorbed on Fe oxides and Fe dissolved by MA from Fe oxides depended on MA concentration, pH, and the type and the amount of Fe oxides added in the system. The Fe dissolution processes from Fe oxides by MA could involve two factors, namely (i) the complexation of MA with Fe exposed on the surface of Fe oxides by ligand exchange; and (ii) the release of MAFe complexes from adsorption sites on Fe oxides by nucleophilic substitution. Our data further clarify the chemistry of Fe nutrition of graminaceous plants in Fe-deficiency-causing soils.

  • Isolation strategies for finding bioactive compounds: specific activity vs. total activity

    Syuntaro Hiradate Natural, Products for, Pest Management, A.M. Rimando, S.O. Duke

    ACS Symposium Series; Natural Products for Pest Management (A.M. Rimando and S.O. Duke)   1900年

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    記述言語:その他  

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所属学協会

  • アメリカ土壌科学会

  • アメリカ農学会

  • 日本腐植物質学会

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  • 日本生態学会

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委員歴

  • 日本ペドロジー学会   会長   国内

    2022年4月 - 2026年3月   

  • 日本土壌肥料学会   日本土壌肥料学会九州支部 支部長   国内

    2022年4月 - 2026年3月   

  • 日本土壌肥料学会   会誌編集委員会地域担当委員(九州)   国内

    2022年4月 - 2026年3月   

  • 日本土壌肥料学会   日本土壌肥料学会部門長(第2部門)   国内

    2020年10月 - 2023年9月   

  • 日本土壌肥料学会   学会賞等選考委員会委員   国内

    2018年8月 - 2019年8月   

  • 日本土壌肥料学会   代議員   国内

    2013年4月 - 2024年10月   

  • 日本粘土学会   「粘土科学」編集委員「第5部門:土壌・肥料」   国内

    2012年11月 - 2024年10月   

  • 日本ペドロジー学会   評議員   国内

    2012年4月 - 2026年3月   

  • 日本ペドロジー学会   幹事   国内

    2012年4月 - 2018年3月   

  • 日本粘土学会   Clay Science編集委員   国内

    2010年12月 - 2024年10月   

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学術貢献活動

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    2023年

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    外国語雑誌 査読論文数:2

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    国際会議録 査読論文数:0

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  • 学術論文等の審査

    役割:査読

    2023年

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    外国語雑誌 査読論文数:6

    日本語雑誌 査読論文数:3

    国際会議録 査読論文数:0

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  • 日本土壌肥料学雑誌

    2022年4月 - 2024年3月

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    種別:学会・研究会等 

  • 大会実行委員

    日本生態学会第69回全国大会 (2022年3月、福岡)  ( オンライン ) 2022年3月

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    種別:大会・シンポジウム等 

    参加者数:2,712

  • Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 国際学術貢献

    2021年12月 - 2024年1月

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    種別:学会・研究会等 

  • 学術論文等の審査

    役割:査読

    2021年

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    外国語雑誌 査読論文数:8

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  • 学術論文等の審査

    役割:査読

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  • 大会運営委員

    日本ペドロジー学会  ( 山口大学農学部、秋吉台 ) 2019年10月 - 2019年11月

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    参加者数:40

  • Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Special Section “Past, present, and future biochar utilization for soil sustainability from Asian agronomical and ecological perspectives” 国際学術貢献

    2019年10月 - 2024年12月

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    種別:学会・研究会等 

  • 大会運営委員長

    第28回ペドロジスト・トレーニングコース in 福岡  ( 九州大学・福岡演習林 ) 2019年9月

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    参加者数:44

  • 学術論文等の審査

    役割:査読

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    外国語雑誌 査読論文数:9

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  • その他

    日本ペドロジー学会  ( 愛知県、三重県、岐阜県 Japan ) 2018年3月

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    日本ペドロジー学会  ( 名城大学 Japan ) 2018年3月

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  • その他

    日本ペドロジー学会  ( 名城大学 Japan ) 2018年3月

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    2018年

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  • 朝倉農学大系 第9巻 土壌学

    2016年5月 - 2024年2月

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    種別:学会・研究会等 

  • Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 国際学術貢献

    2013年10月 - 2017年9月

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    種別:学会・研究会等 

  • 粘土科学

    2012年11月 - 2022年8月

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  • Clay Science 国際学術貢献

    2010年4月 - 2022年10月

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    種別:学会・研究会等 

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共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題

  • 科研費基盤研究C:「維管束植物の進化とアルミニウム高集積」

    2023年4月 - 2027年3月

    北海道大学(日本) 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    植物のアルミニウム(Al)耐性機構にはAl排除機構と体内Al耐性機構がある。強酸性土壌に生育する植物種には後者の体内Al耐性機構を発達させ、高濃度Alを特に地上部に集積する。これまで、地上部にAlを高集積する特性は維管束植物全体に広く存在し、特に数億年前に分岐し独自に進化したシダ類・ヒカゲノカズラ類では4割近くの種がAl集積植物という結果を得ている。このことは維管束植物の高Al集積特性が原始的な性質であることを示す一方で、高Al集積特性が植物の進化によってどのように変化したか、その起源は共通であるかという疑問は残ったままである。本研究は、体内Alの化学形態解析、Al吸収に関わる根の機能と組織構造の解析、およびAl集積に関わる遺伝子の解析の3つのアプローチから、この疑問を解明する。

  • 維管束植物の進化とアルミニウム高集積

    研究課題/領域番号:23H02108  2023年 - 2026年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(B)

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    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • ニッセイ財団 2022年度若手研究・奨励研究助成「牛による持続的な草原生態系の再生と牛の健全的な育成」

    2022年10月 - 2023年9月

    九州大学 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    黒毛和種繁殖牛に牧草の種子を給与し、遊休農地内を回遊させ、そこに未消化の種子を糞とともに排泄させることで遊休農地を牧草地として造成することを目的とする。このことにより、自然と共生した持続可能な社会の形成に資する。

  • 牛による持続的な草原生態系の再生と牛の健全的な育成

    2022年 - 2023年

    科学研究費助成事業  ニッセイ財団 2022年度若手研究・奨励研究助成

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    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費以外の競争的資金

  • 科研費学術変革領域研究(A)「統合生物圏科学の構築にかかる支援活動」

    2021年10月 - 2026年3月

    東京大学 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    本研究では、各種の調整・支援・広報活動を通じて研究領域の推進に貢献する。地球環境を守るための統合生物圏科学の構築を目標としており、多様な専門分野の研究者が参加し、基礎研究から応用までを見据えた幅広いスコープでの分野横断的研究を推進する。全体会合の開催をオーガナイズし、公募班を含めて研究計画を共有する。観測キャンペーンなど複数班が参加し共同研究を行う機会を支援する。セミナー実施などを通じて領域内の議論や意識共有を促すとともに、次世代を担う若手研究者の育成に貢献する。国内学会での成果報告だけでなく、国際的動向を見据えて最新情報を収集し、領域内で共有するとともに、国際学会などでの成果普及活動を行う。

  • 科研費学術変革領域研究(A)「炭素貯留を最大にする最適な森林の予測」

    2021年10月 - 2026年3月

    東北大学(日本) 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    本研究では、植物が吸収した炭素が植物体や土壌中に蓄積されるまでの速度を様々な森林で測定・解析し、その決定要因を探る。2つのアプローチを採用する。①様々な森林において、森林樹木の生産力と、14Cを用いて炭素貯留速度を測定し、それらのばらつきを構成樹種の機能形質と気象・土壌要因によって説明する統計モデルを開発する(データ駆動型アプローチ)。②コアサイトにおける植物・土壌中の有機化合物をGC-C-MSやメタボローム解析を用いて徹底的に追跡する(メカニズム解明型アプローチ)。②においては、実験室において13Cと15Nでラベルした植物を育成し、そのリターをコアサイト土壌中に埋め、化合物の行方を追跡するという画期的な手法を用いる。以上の結果をもとに、炭素貯留速度の決定要因を明らかにし、炭素貯留速度が最大になる樹木の種組成と環境の組合せを予測する。

  • 科研費基盤研究C:自然生態系の土壌中における有機態リンの実態と機能の解明

    2021年4月 - 2025年3月

    九州大学 

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    担当区分:研究代表者 

    リンは植物生産性を支配する重要な因子である。自然生態系において、リンは土壌中で主として有機態リンの形態で貯蔵され、これが無機化されてオルトリン酸となった後、植物により吸収される。しかし、この土壌中における有機態リンについては、(1)その種類(化学構造)、(2)存在量、(3)無機化速度(オルトリン酸生成速度)といった基本的特性は数例が知られるのみであり、全体像は不明のままである。本研究では、31P液体高分解能核磁気共鳴(31P NMR)など最新の分析機器を利用しながら、上記(1)~(3)の課題に取り組む。そして、自然生態系の土壌中で保たれているリンの化学的実態および機能を明らかにするとともに、外来植物による侵略を受けやすい土壌との違いを明確にする。これらの研究成果は、生態系の保全のために保つべきリン循環の姿を明確にするとともに、農業活動などに由来するオルトリン酸の流入が生態系を変えるインパクトを明らかにするものである

  • 科研費基盤研究B:水分変動増大とプライミング効果:森林土壌の炭素動態予測高度化へ向けた影響評価

    2021年4月 - 2024年3月

    新潟大学 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    陸域最大の炭素プールである土壌の炭素動態は大気中の二酸化炭素(CO2)濃度の上昇(地球温暖化)を大きく左右し、火山灰土壌の炭素動態は特に重要である。温暖化に伴う気候変動は土壌水分の変動を増大させることで、難分解性有機物の分解が促進されるプライミング効果を発現させてしまい、土壌の CO2 放出量を増加させると予測されてきた。ところが、プライミング効果が発現することで逆にCO2放出量が減少する可能性を示す新規性の高いデータを得ている。水分変動増大により土壌に隔離されていた易分解性有機物が増加したことで、微生物の代謝活性が変化したと推定されるが、定量的なデータは乏しい。本研究では、異なる土壌型の火山灰土壌と非火山灰土壌に対し水分変動を再現した培養実験を行い、同位体トレーサー培養、固体磁気共鳴技術、放射性炭素同位体比分析を組み合わせる。本研究によって、CO2 放出量が単純に増加するとは限らないプライミング効果のメカニズムを解明し、これまで問題となってきた火山灰土壌の炭素動態予測の改善に貢献する。

  • 炭素貯留を最大にする最適な森林の予測

    研究課題/領域番号:21H05313  2021年 - 2025年

    日本学術振興会・文部科学省  科学研究費助成事業  学術変革領域研究(A)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • 統合生物圏科学の構築にかかる支援活動

    研究課題/領域番号:21H05312  2021年 - 2025年

    日本学術振興会・文部科学省  科学研究費助成事業  学術変革領域研究(A)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • 自然生態系の土壌中における有機態リンの実態と機能の解明

    研究課題/領域番号:21K06349  2021年 - 2024年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(C)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究代表者  資金種別:科研費

  • 水分変動増大とプライミング効果:森林土壌の炭素動態予測高度化へ向けた影響評価

    研究課題/領域番号:21H02231  2021年 - 2023年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(B)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • 農水省・連携研究スキームによる研究「地域資源循環の構築に向けた農業者・消費者・市民の行動変容と政策措置に関するRCT分析」

    2020年4月 - 2023年3月

    農林水産省(日本) 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    持続可能な地域資源の循環と活用に向け、バイオガスの製造過程で発生するメタン発酵消化液の利用拡大を事例として、これらに関する技術や情報が、農業者と消費者および市民の意識と行動にいかなる変容をもたらすかについて、RCT を用いて明らかにし、政策形成のデザインと評価を行い、政策的含意を導出する。

  • 科研費基盤研究C:「二次元イオノミクスの開発と植物栄養学への応用」

    2020年4月 - 2023年3月

    北海道大学(日本) 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    イオノミクスとはオミクス研究の一つであり、ある生物に含まれる全ての元素(イオノーム)を網羅的に解析し、植物のストレス応答や形質の違いにおける元素組成の変動を包括的
    に研究するものである。イオノームはメタボローム(代謝産物の集合体)のサブセットともみなされている一方で、測定できる成分(元素)数は20~30と少ないため他のオミクス研究と比べ活用されるケースは限られている。しかしながら、生体内で無機元素は無機イオンとしてだけではなく様々な有機化合物の構成要素としての役割も大きく、それらを考慮した真の成分数は相当数に上るはずである。すなわち、元素の形態を考慮せず全量測定で解析を行う現在のイオノミクス研究では元素動態の表面的な部分しか見ていない。そこで本研究では、各種の分画方法により植物成分を分画し、各画分について元素の一斉分析を行うことで「二次元イオノーム」情報を習得、より強力なイオノーム解析手法を開発し、植物栄養学に適用する。また、土壌についても分画とイオノーム分析を組み合わせ、より詳細な植物―土壌間の元素動態解析を可能にする。

  • 二次元イオノミクスの開発と植物栄養学への応用

    研究課題/領域番号:20K05762  2020年 - 2022年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(C)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • ナッジ等を活用した気候変動への対応等環境政策の推進に関する研究:地域資源循環の構築に向けた農業者・消費者・市民の行動変容と政策措置に関するRCT分析-濃縮有機液肥の技術改善がもたらす効果の検証を事例として-

    2020年 - 2022年

    農林水産省・連携研究スキームによる研究

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:受託研究

  • 科研費基盤研究B:海洋島における外来生物の侵略性:植物の栄養利用特性と生態系の土壌特性との相互作用

    2019年3月 - 2022年3月

    首都大学東京 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    本研究では、「外来生物の侵略性は、その種の生物学的な形質と、侵入先の生態系の特徴との相互作用によって決まる」という仮説を検証する。研究対象として、海洋島(島の成立以来大陸と陸続きになったことがない島)である小笠原諸島において侵略的な外来植物であるアカギ、モクマオウ、ギンネムの3種を用いる。この3種は小笠原において甚大な生態系影響をもたらしている外来木本であるが、アカギは小笠原の母島以外では著しい侵略性を示していない。生物学的な形質に基づく侵略性のリスク評価においても、モクマオウ、ギンネムは高いリスク値を示すのに対し、アカギは相対的に低いリスク値を示している。このように,現状のリスク評価法では、現実の侵略性の程度を適正に評価できない場合がある。これら3 種の比較を通し、これまでのリスク評価では見逃されてきた外来生物の侵略性を決める要因を明らかにするとともに、侵略性のリスクを評価するための新しい手法を開発する。

  • 海洋島における外来生物の侵略性:植物の栄養利用特性と生態系の土壌特性との相互作用

    研究課題/領域番号:19H02978  2019年 - 2021年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(B)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • 科研費基盤研究B:新しい草原再生の指針の構築:生態系成立基盤である土壌化学性に立脚して

    2018年3月

    日本 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    「土壌化学性が直接的に植物の生育に影響することで半自然草原の植物相を変える」という仮説を検証し、絶滅の危機に瀕している半自然草原の植物の保全において土壌化学性を診断・制御する必要性を明らかにする。本研究では、1. 野外調査によって土壌改変が野生植物の多様性に与える影響を評価し、2. 栽培実験によって土壌化学性が植物の生育に与える影響を明らかにし、3. 化学資材を用いた野外操作実験によって土壌化学性の復元による草原再生の可能性を検証する。これらのテーマの結果を統合することにより、これまでの自然再生事業に不足していた栽培実験や操作実験による実証的なデータに基づく議論を可能にし、土壌化学性を考慮したより効率的な草原再生の指針をつくることを目指す。

  • 新しい草原再生の指針の構築:生態系成立基盤である土壌化学性に立脚して

    研究課題/領域番号:18H03415  2018年 - 2022年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(B)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • 科研費基盤研究C:核磁気共鳴スペクトルを駆使した土壌リンの化学構造の解明

    2016年4月 - 2019年3月

    九州大学 

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究代表者 

    土壌中のリン(P)は、植物生育を左右し生態系の質を決定する重要な要因であるにもかかわらず、現状では土壌中においてどのような化学形態で存在しているのか、あるいはどのような化学形態のPが植物にとって利用可能なのかなど、その化学構造に関する情報が不足しており、このため土壌Pの動態は依然として未知の部分が多い。これは、既往の土壌P分析法が抽出過程を含んでおり、この過程で固体成分として存在する土壌Pの化学構造情報が失われることに起因する。本研究では、固体状態でも構造情報を得ることができる固体31P-核磁気共鳴(NMR)分光法を駆使して、抽出過程を経ずに土壌Pの化学構造を解明する。

  • 科研費基盤研究A:生態系機能の持続可能性:外来生物に起因する土壌環境の劣化に伴う生態系の変化

    2016年4月 - 2019年3月

    首都大学東京 

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者 

    生態系は、様々な攪乱に起因する土壌環境の劣化により大きく変化する。攪乱後に成立した新たな生態系は、種構成や機能の点で攪乱前の生態系と異なることが多い。攪乱前とは異なるが持続可能な生態系は、「Novel ecosystem」と呼ばれる。この概念は生態系の管理において近年注目されつつある。本研究では、生物群集の種構成と生態系の機能に着目して、外来生物による土壌環境の劣化に伴う生態系の変化を明らかにする。生態系のモデルとして、外来生物(野生化したヤギ)の攪乱によって土壌環境が劣化した小笠原諸島を研究対象とする。ヤギ駆除後の生態系の変化を、実測データおよび数理モデルに基づくシミュレーションにより解析する。その結果に基づいて、攪乱後に成立しうる生態系を様々なシナリオのもとで予測し、生態系機能の持続可能性を重視した生態系の管理手法を提案する。

  • 核磁気共鳴スペクトルを駆使した土壌リンの化学構造の解明

    研究課題/領域番号:16K07649  2016年 - 2019年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(C)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究代表者  資金種別:科研費

  • 生態系機能の持続可能性:外来生物に起因する土壌環境の劣化に伴う生態系の変化

    研究課題/領域番号:16H01794  2016年 - 2018年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(A)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • 科研費基盤研究B:地球表層最大の炭素プールの反応性:士壌と海底堆積物に共通のメカニズムを探る

    2015年4月 - 2019年3月

    国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者 

    地球表層には大量の有機炭素が存在し、その多くは土壌鉱物マトリックス中にある。地球温暖化に対して、これら有機炭素がどの程度変化するかを把握し予測するためには、有機炭素が鉱物とどの様な相互作用をしており、又どの様なメカニズムによって安定化しているかを解明することが必須である。そこで本研究では、固体分析、同位体分析、放射光分析等の手法を用い、このメカニズムの解明を行う。

  • 科研費基盤研究B:放射性炭素で解き明かす下層土壌における炭素ダイナミクスの実態と環境変化応答

    2015年4月 - 2019年3月

    独立行政法人日本原子力研究開発機構 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    下層土壌(A層以深)には莫大な量の炭素が貯留していることが判明しているが、それらが地球規模の炭素循環に果たしている役割は未解明のままである。本研究では、核実験によって生成した放射性炭素(14C)の土壌中での動きを半世紀にわたって追跡するという画期的な手段を用いて、下層土壌において数十年スケールで代謝回転する炭素の存在を検証し、その炭素量を定量的に把握する。下層土壌における炭素ダイナミクスと土壌特性・有機物特性等との関連性を探求するとともに、有機物分画と14C分析を組み合わせた方法を駆使して、士壌炭素ダイナミクスに影響を及ぼす要因とメカニズムを明らかにする。さらに、将来起こりうる環境の変化を模擬した土壌培養実験により、下層土壌に貯留する炭素の脆弱性・安定性を明らかにする。

  • 科研費基盤研究B:アルミニウム集積木本植物におけるアルミニウム集積機構および耐性機構の新たな展開

    2015年4月 - 2018年3月

    北海道大学 

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    担当区分:研究分担者 

    強酸性土壌に生育するアルミニウム(Al)集積木本植物は、植物が持つAl耐性機構の中でも独特かつ最も強力なものである。しかし、その耐性機構の本質的な部分は未解明である。本研究では、AlストレスがAl集積植物体内で引き起こすAl形態、代謝産物、遺伝子発現の動的変動を、網羅的測定技術等を用いて統合的に解析し、Al集積木本植物の真のAl耐性機構および集積機構の解明を試みる。また、これまで全く研究されてこなかった地上部への高濃度Al輸送の要因が何にあるのか、地上部に到達した後の葉におけるAlの細胞間・細胞内輸送にどのような物質が関与するのかを明らかにする。

  • 放射性炭素で解き明かす下層土壌における炭素ダイナミクスの実態と環境変化応答

    研究課題/領域番号:15H04523  2015年 - 2018年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(B)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • アルミニウム集積木本植物におけるアルミニウム集積機構および耐性機構の新たな展開

    研究課題/領域番号:15H04465  2015年 - 2017年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(B)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • 地球表層最大の炭素プールの反応性:土壌と海底堆積物の共通メカニズムの検証

    研究課題/領域番号:15H02810  2015年 - 2017年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  特別推進研究

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:研究分担者  資金種別:科研費

  • 茶草場として成立する半自然草地の多様性と維持機構の解明

    研究課題/領域番号:21510250  2009年 - 2011年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(C)

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    担当区分:連携研究者  資金種別:科研費

  • アスパラガス雌雄不定胚を利用したアレロパシー物質の同定と連作障害回避技術の確立

    研究課題/領域番号:18580027  2006年 - 2007年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(C)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:連携研究者  資金種別:科研費

  • 超強酸性領域における植物と土壌の相互作用に関する研究

    研究課題/領域番号:15208008  2003年 - 2005年

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(C)

      詳細を見る

    担当区分:連携研究者  資金種別:科研費

▼全件表示

教育活動概要

  • 土壌の機能や役割,土壌の構成成分,土壌生物,土壌生成分類、土壌特性測定法を中心に教育を行っている.この土壌学を基礎に,環境科学,農業生産科学,生態学,保全学に関わる教育活動を行っている.また、九州大学アジア埋蔵文化財研究センターに所属し、過去の環境情報を解析する研究を実施している。

担当授業科目

  • 農学入門Ⅰ

    2024年10月 - 2025年3月   後期

  • 土壌学

    2024年10月 - 2025年3月   後期

  • 地域環境問題演習

    2024年10月 - 2025年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第二

    2024年10月 - 2025年3月   後期

  • Agro-Production Environmental Engineering

    2024年10月 - 2025年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第一

    2024年10月 - 2025年3月   後期

  • 農業と環境の科学

    2024年10月 - 2025年3月   後期

  • Introduction to Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences 1 (生物資源環境科学入門1)

    2024年10月 - 2025年3月   後期

  • 生物生産環境工学概論

    2024年10月 - 2025年3月   後期

  • 土壌学特論

    2024年10月 - 2024年12月   秋学期

  • 生産環境科学 ティーチング演習

    2024年4月 - 2025年3月   通年

  • 卒業研究(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2024年4月 - 2025年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第二

    2024年4月 - 2025年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第一

    2024年4月 - 2025年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学プロジェクト演習

    2024年4月 - 2025年3月   通年

  • 農学入門Ⅰ

    2024年4月 - 2024年9月   前期

  • 地域環境問題特別講義Ⅰ

    2024年4月 - 2024年9月   前期

  • 地域環境工学実習

    2024年4月 - 2024年9月   前期

  • 生産環境科学特論第二

    2024年4月 - 2024年9月   前期

  • 演示技法 I

    2024年4月 - 2024年9月   前期

  • 生産環境の科学

    2024年4月 - 2024年6月   春学期

  • 科学英語(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2024年4月 - 2024年6月   春学期

  • 農学入門Ⅰ

    2023年10月 - 2024年3月   後期

  • 生物生産環境工学概論

    2023年10月 - 2024年3月   後期

  • 土壌学

    2023年10月 - 2024年3月   後期

  • 地域環境問題演習

    2023年10月 - 2024年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第二

    2023年10月 - 2024年3月   後期

  • Agro-Production Environmental Engineering

    2023年10月 - 2024年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第一

    2023年10月 - 2024年3月   後期

  • 農業と環境の科学

    2023年10月 - 2024年3月   後期

  • Introduction to Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences 1 (生物資源環境科学入門1)

    2023年10月 - 2024年3月   後期

  • 土壌学特論

    2023年10月 - 2023年12月   秋学期

  • 生産環境科学 ティーチング演習

    2023年4月 - 2024年3月   通年

  • Master's Thesis

    2023年4月 - 2024年3月   通年

  • Seminar in a Specified Field Ⅱ

    2023年4月 - 2024年3月   通年

  • Master's Thesis Research Ⅱ

    2023年4月 - 2024年3月   通年

  • Master's Thesis Research II

    2023年4月 - 2024年3月   通年

  • 卒業研究(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2023年4月 - 2024年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第二

    2023年4月 - 2024年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第一

    2023年4月 - 2024年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学プロジェクト演習

    2023年4月 - 2024年3月   通年

  • 農学入門Ⅰ

    2023年4月 - 2023年9月   前期

  • 演示技法 I

    2023年4月 - 2023年9月   前期

  • 生産環境科学特論第二

    2023年4月 - 2023年9月   前期

  • 生産環境の科学

    2023年4月 - 2023年6月   春学期

  • 科学英語(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2023年4月 - 2023年6月   春学期

  • 土壌学

    2022年10月 - 2023年3月   後期

  • 土壌学

    2022年10月 - 2023年3月   後期

  • 生物生産環境工学概論

    2022年10月 - 2023年3月   後期

  • Introduction to Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences 1 (生物資源環境科学入門1)

    2022年10月 - 2023年3月   後期

  • 農のための最適環境制御

    2022年10月 - 2023年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第一

    2022年10月 - 2023年3月   後期

  • Agro-Production Environmental Engineering

    2022年10月 - 2023年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第二

    2022年10月 - 2023年3月   後期

  • 地域環境問題演習

    2022年10月 - 2023年3月   後期

  • 土壌学特論

    2022年10月 - 2022年12月   秋学期

  • Master's Thesis

    2022年4月 - 2023年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学 ティーチング演習

    2022年4月 - 2023年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学プロジェクト演習

    2022年4月 - 2023年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第一

    2022年4月 - 2023年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第二

    2022年4月 - 2023年3月   通年

  • 卒業研究(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2022年4月 - 2023年3月   通年

  • Master's Thesis Research II

    2022年4月 - 2023年3月   通年

  • Master's Thesis Research Ⅱ

    2022年4月 - 2023年3月   通年

  • Seminar in a Specified Field Ⅱ

    2022年4月 - 2023年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特論第二

    2022年4月 - 2022年9月   前期

  • 演示技法 I

    2022年4月 - 2022年9月   前期

  • 科学英語(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2022年4月 - 2022年6月   春学期

  • 生産環境の科学

    2022年4月 - 2022年6月   春学期

  • 地域環境問題演習

    2021年10月 - 2022年3月   後期

  • 生物生産環境工学概論

    2021年10月 - 2022年3月   後期

  • Introduction to Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences 1 (生物資源環境科学入門1)

    2021年10月 - 2022年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第一

    2021年10月 - 2022年3月   後期

  • Agro-Production Environmental Engineering

    2021年10月 - 2022年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第二

    2021年10月 - 2022年3月   後期

  • 農のための最適環境制御

    2021年10月 - 2022年3月   後期

  • 土壌学

    2021年10月 - 2022年3月   後期

  • 土壌学特論

    2021年10月 - 2021年12月   秋学期

  • Seminar in a Specified Field Ⅰ

    2021年4月 - 2022年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学 ティーチング演習

    2021年4月 - 2022年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学プロジェクト演習

    2021年4月 - 2022年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第一

    2021年4月 - 2022年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第二

    2021年4月 - 2022年3月   通年

  • 卒業研究(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2021年4月 - 2022年3月   通年

  • Master's Thesis Research II

    2021年4月 - 2022年3月   通年

  • Master's Thesis Research I

    2021年4月 - 2022年3月   通年

  • 演示技法 I

    2021年4月 - 2021年9月   前期

  • 科学英語(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2021年4月 - 2021年6月   春学期

  • 生産環境の科学

    2021年4月 - 2021年6月   春学期

  • 土壌学

    2020年10月 - 2021年3月   後期

  • 生物生産環境工学概論

    2020年10月 - 2021年3月   後期

  • Introduction to Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences 1 (生物資源環境科学入門1)

    2020年10月 - 2021年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第一

    2020年10月 - 2021年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第二

    2020年10月 - 2021年3月   後期

  • 地域環境問題演習

    2020年10月 - 2021年3月   後期

  • 農学入門Ⅰ

    2020年10月 - 2021年3月   後期

  • 土壌学特論

    2020年10月 - 2020年12月   秋学期

  • Agro-Production Environmental Engineering

    2020年10月 - 2020年12月   秋学期

  • 卒業研究(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2020年4月 - 2021年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学プロジェクト演習

    2020年4月 - 2021年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第一

    2020年4月 - 2021年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第二

    2020年4月 - 2021年3月   通年

  • 地域環境問題特別講義Ⅱ

    2020年4月 - 2020年9月   前期

  • 農学入門Ⅰ

    2020年4月 - 2020年9月   前期

  • 科学英語(生物生産環境工学分野)

    2020年4月 - 2020年6月   春学期

  • 生産環境の科学

    2020年4月 - 2020年6月   春学期

  • 土壌学

    2019年10月 - 2020年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第二

    2019年10月 - 2020年3月   後期

  • 生産環境科学演習第一

    2019年10月 - 2020年3月   後期

  • 土壌学特論

    2019年10月 - 2019年12月   秋学期

  • 土壌学特論

    2019年10月 - 2019年12月   秋学期

  • Agro-Production Environmental Engineering

    2019年10月 - 2019年12月   秋学期

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第二

    2019年4月 - 2020年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学プロジェクト演習

    2019年4月 - 2020年3月   通年

  • 生産環境科学特別研究第一

    2019年4月 - 2020年3月   通年

  • 地域環境工学実習

    2019年4月 - 2019年9月   前期

  • 農のための最適環境制御

    2019年4月 - 2019年9月   前期

  • 生産環境の科学

    2019年4月 - 2019年6月   春学期

  • 生産環境の科学

    2019年4月 - 2019年6月   春学期

  • 土壌学

    2018年10月 - 2019年3月   後期

  • 地域環境問題演習

    2018年10月 - 2019年3月   後期

  • 先端有機化学

    2018年10月 - 2019年3月   後期

  • 生物生産環境工学概論

    2018年10月 - 2019年3月   後期

  • 学術英語3

    2018年10月 - 2019年3月   後期

  • 生物資源環境学入門1

    2018年10月 - 2019年3月   後期

  • 土壌学特論

    2018年10月 - 2018年12月   秋学期

  • Agro-Production Environmental Engineering

    2018年10月 - 2018年12月   秋学期

  • 基幹教育セミナー

    2018年6月 - 2018年8月   夏学期

  • 生産環境の科学

    2018年4月 - 2018年9月   前期

  • 農のための最適環境制御

    2018年4月 - 2018年9月   前期

  • Bioproduction and Environmental Sciences

    2018年4月 - 2018年9月   前期

  • 地盤環境化学特論

    2017年10月 - 2018年3月   後期

  • Agro-Environmental Engineering

    2017年10月 - 2018年3月   後期

  • 土壌学

    2017年10月 - 2018年3月   後期

  • 環境分析化学

    2017年4月 - 2017年9月   前期

  • 生産環境の科学

    2017年4月 - 2017年9月   前期

▼全件表示

FD参加状況

  • 2024年3月   役割:参加   名称:有体物管理センターの業務および成果有体物収入の配分率の変更について

    主催組織:全学

  • 2023年3月   役割:参加   名称:TF(ティーチング・フェロー)経験を通じて大学院生の教育能力を高める

    主催組織:部局

  • 2022年3月   役割:参加   名称:農学研究院FD:国費特別プログラム「未来の農を描くビジョンデザイン実践プログラム」実施に向けて

    主催組織:部局

  • 2022年3月   役割:参加   名称:新M2Bシステムの使い方 ~新機能を中心に紹介します~(3/14)

    主催組織:全学

  • 2021年4月   役割:参加   名称:オンライン授業実施の”いろは”

    主催組織:全学

  • 2021年3月   役割:参加   名称:FD講演会「九州大学オンライン授業のグッドプラクティス 〜 リアルタイム型授業編〜」

    主催組織:部局

  • 2021年3月   役割:参加   名称:FD講演会「九州大学オンライン授業のグッドプラクティス 〜 オンデマンド型授業編〜」

    主催組織:部局

  • 2020年12月   役割:参加   名称:大学の研究評価の現状と農学研究院の「部局独自の評価基準」案における業績分析

    主催組織:部局

  • 2020年9月   役割:参加   名称:科研費を獲りにいこう! 勝ち抜く気合と技術

    主催組織:部局

  • 2020年1月   役割:参加   名称:ジャーナルをめぐる現状と今後に向けて

    主催組織:部局

  • 2019年12月   役割:参加   名称:英語によるSTEM教育に関するFD (Day1) / Faculty Development: New Teaching Approaches in STEM Education through EMI (Day1)

    主催組織:部局

  • 2019年11月   役割:参加   名称:留学生との共生に向けて

    主催組織:部局

  • 2018年12月   役割:参加   名称:大学を強くする~大学経営改革

    主催組織:部局

  • 2018年3月   役割:参加   名称:第5回農学研究院FD「m2b(ミツバ)システムの授業への活用」

    主催組織:部局

  • 2017年4月   役割:参加   名称:平成29年度第1回全学FD(新任教員の研修)

    主催組織:全学

▼全件表示

他大学・他機関等の客員・兼任・非常勤講師等

  • 2024年  福岡大学・理学部  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2024年4月1日~2025年3月31日

  • 2024年  北里大学大学院獣医学系研究科  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2024年4月1日~2025年3月31日

  • 2023年  福岡大学・理学部  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2023年4月1日~2024年3月31日

  • 2022年  福岡大学・理学部  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2022年4月1日~2023年3月31日

  • 2022年  北里大学大学院獣医学系研究科  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2022年4月1日~2023年3月31日

  • 2021年  福岡大学・理学部  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2021年4月1日~2022年3月31日

  • 2020年  福岡大学・理学部  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2020年4月1日~2021年3月31日

  • 2020年  北里大学大学院獣医学系研究科  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2020年4月1日~2021年3月31日

  • 2019年  福岡大学・理学部  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2019年4月1日~2020年3月31日

  • 2018年  福岡大学・理学部  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2018年4月1日~2018年9月13日

  • 2018年  北里大学大学院獣医学系研究科  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2018年4月1日~2019年3月31日

  • 2017年  琉球大学農学部  区分:非常勤講師  国内外の区分:国内 

    学期、曜日時限または期間:2017年8月1日~2018年3月31日

▼全件表示

その他教育活動及び特記事項

  • 2024年  クラス担任  学部

  • 2023年  クラス担任  学部

  • 2021年  クラス担任  学部

  • 2020年  クラス担任  学部

  • 2019年  クラス担任  学部

  • 2018年  クラス担任  学部

▼全件表示

社会貢献活動

  • 一般市民向け講演「土の健康を保って持続的に利用する」

    糸島農業協同組合 JA糸島普通作協議会  JA糸島 本店 3階大ホール  2024年3月

     詳細を見る

    対象:社会人・一般, 学術団体, 企業, 市民団体, 行政機関

    種別:セミナー・ワークショップ

  • 熊本県玉名郡ジャパンフィールドリサーチ in 熊本 における講師

    京都府立嵯峨野高等学校  2023年9月

     詳細を見る

    対象:幼稚園以下, 小学生, 中学生, 高校生

    種別:セミナー・ワークショップ

  • 一般市民向け講演「土を知って肥料を効果的に使おう」

    JA伊都アグリ  JA伊都アグリ  2023年2月

     詳細を見る

    対象:社会人・一般, 学術団体, 企業, 市民団体, 行政機関

    種別:講演会

  • 一般市民向け講演「土を知って肥料を効果的に使おう」

    アグリコラボいとしま  九州大学ウエスト5号館  2022年10月

     詳細を見る

    対象:社会人・一般, 学術団体, 企業, 市民団体, 行政機関

    種別:講演会

    施肥した窒素の約半分は植物に利用されず、地下水や河川を汚染しているのが現状です。土の機能と窒素の土の中での動きを知れば、高騰必至の窒素肥料を無駄にせず、コストの低減にもつながる効果的な使い方のヒントが生まれます。講演では、とくに糸島地域の土をとりあげて、その特徴などを説明します!

政策形成、学術振興等への寄与活動

  • 2021年9月 - 2023年3月   国土交通省

    国土審議会特殊土壌地帯対策分科会委員

  • 2019年4月 - 2022年3月   沖縄県(株式会社 南⻄環境研究所委託業務)

    外来植物防除対策事業委託業務(沖縄県)有識者委員会委員

  • 2017年6月 - 2024年3月   大分県農林水産試験研究指導センター

    大分県農林水産試験研究アドバイザー

  • 2017年6月 - 2023年3月   農研機構九州沖縄農業研究センター

    農研機構九州沖縄農業研究センターと九州大学大学院農学研究院との学術研究交流協議会における世話人

  • 2017年4月 - 2024年3月   首都大学東京

    客員研究員

海外渡航歴

  • 2014年6月

    滞在国名1:大韓民国   滞在機関名1:Jeju, Jeju, Korea

  • 2014年4月 - 2014年5月

    滞在国名1:オーストリア共和国   滞在機関名1:Vienna, Austria

  • 2012年12月

    滞在国名1:オーストラリア連邦   滞在機関名1:オーストラリア・タスマニア・ホバート市

  • 2012年1月

    滞在国名1:ニュージーランド   滞在機関名1:University of Waikato

  • 2011年9月

    滞在国名1:その他   滞在機関名1:ミクロネシア国ポンペイ州ポンペイ島

  • 2010年8月

    滞在国名1:オーストラリア連邦   滞在機関名1:Brisbane, Australia

  • 2010年3月

    滞在国名1:オーストリア共和国   滞在機関名1:University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna

  • 2010年2月 - 2010年3月

    滞在国名1:グレートブリテン・北アイルランド連合王国(英国)   滞在機関名1:University, UK

  • 2009年8月

    滞在国名1:カナダ   滞在機関名1:University of Saskatchewan

  • 2008年10月

    滞在国名1:アメリカ合衆国   滞在機関名1:Houston, Texas, George R. Brown Convention Center

  • 2008年9月

    滞在国名1:アメリカ合衆国   滞在機関名1:The Saratoga Hilton, Saratoga Springs, New York, USA

  • 2007年10月 - 2007年11月

    滞在国名1:中華人民共和国   滞在機関名1:北京→南京→合肥→杭州→西安

  • 2006年8月

    滞在国名1:ドイツ連邦共和国   滞在機関名1:Universitaet Karlsruhe (TH), Germany

  • 2006年7月

    滞在国名1:アメリカ合衆国   滞在機関名1:Philadelphia, PA, USA

  • 2005年11月

    滞在国名1:アメリカ合衆国   滞在機関名1:Salt Lake , UT, USA

  • 2004年3月 - 2004年4月

    滞在国名1:アメリカ合衆国   滞在機関名1:Anaheim, CA

  • 2003年2月

    滞在国名1:グレートブリテン・北アイルランド連合王国(英国)   滞在機関名1:Quality Hotel, Stoke-on-Trent, UK

  • 2001年10月

    滞在国名1:アメリカ合衆国   滞在機関名1:アメリカ合衆国・シャーロット

  • 1999年11月

    滞在国名1:タイ王国   滞在機関名1:タイ国,バンコック市

  • 1999年3月 - 1999年7月

    滞在国名1:アメリカ合衆国   滞在機関名1:アメリカ合衆国・ウィスコンシン大学

  • 1996年11月

    滞在国名1:アメリカ合衆国   滞在機関名1:アメリカ合衆国・インディアナポリス

▼全件表示

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  • 2019年4月 - 2021年3月   研究院 安全・衛生委員会委員

  • 2019年4月 - 2020年3月   部門 生産環境科学講座長

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  • 2019年4月 - 2020年3月   研究院 生産環境科学講座長

  • 2019年4月 - 2020年3月   部門 安全・衛生委員会委員

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  • 2018年4月 - 2021年3月   部門 学務ワーキンググループ構成員

  • 2018年4月 - 2021年3月   研究院 農学研究院長補佐

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  • 2018年4月 - 2021年3月   全学 基幹教育実施会議構成員

  • 2018年4月 - 2019年3月   全学 九州大学土壌汚染等対策部門研究・開発チーム

  • 2017年10月 - 2020年3月   全学 九州大学植栽検討部会

  • 2017年6月 - 2025年3月   全学 土壌汚染対策検討委員会委員

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▼全件表示