Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

Background: Although subtle differences in cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit structure and function are critical to the current understanding of the neurocircuitry in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), emerging evidence suggests that the cerebellum may also be involved. However, much of this evidence comes from studies with small samples and notable methodological heterogeneity. Methods: We conducted a mega-analysis of individual-participant data on cerebellar subregional volumes, comparing individuals with OCD and healthy controls (HCs) from the ENIGMA-OCD Working Group. Three-dimensional T1-weighted volumetric structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 1954 individuals with OCD and 2091 HCs across 22 sites (40 datasets) were processed using the ACAPULCO (Automatic Cerebellum Anatomical parcellation using U-Net Locally Constrained Optimization) pipeline to extract cerebellar parcellations. We harmonized the volume measures across sites using the ComBat algorithm. Multiple linear regression models were fitted to estimate group differences separately within the pediatric (<12 years), adolescent (12–17 years), and adult (from 18 years) samples, adjusting for age, gender, and intracranial volume. Results: In adults with OCD (vs. HCs), we found significantly smaller volumes of the corpus medullare (d = −0.093, false discovery rate (FDR)–corrected p = .036), left VIIb (d = −0.085, p<inf>FDR</inf> = .039) and right VIIb (d = −0.091, p<inf>FDR</inf> = .036). None of the comparisons between children or adolescents with OCD versus HCs remained statistically significant after FDR correction. In all 3 age groups, cerebellar (subregional) volumes were significantly moderated by medication status. Conclusions: We report novel findings implicating specific cerebellar subregions across developmental stages of OCD and the key impact of medication status. Additional research on the functional significance of these findings may offer new translational leads.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.02.006

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers Media SA  

Background

Skin-picking disorder (SPD) often co-occurs with onychophagia and can cause substantial functional impairment. Although evidence-based psychotherapies are effective, benefits may be limited when behavioral analysis is not applied explicitly.

Case presentation

A 29-year-old man with SPD and onychophagia reported marked occupational impact. Baseline self-monitoring showed 240 min/day of nail-related behavior, 30 episodes/day, and high urge intensity. Using behavioral chain analysis, we mapped perceptual antecedents (visual/tactile irregularities) and diurnal variability of urges. A medication-free, nine-session outpatient program over 20 weeks was delivered, combining stimulus control, urge management routines, and habit reversal training. Outcomes were tracked by daily self-monitoring. Rapid improvement followed initiation of stimulus control and consolidated after urge management routines. By treatment end, daily picking time decreased to 15 min/day (-94%), episode frequency to 5/day (-83%), and urge intensity to 4/10 (-60%); no adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion

Making perceptual antecedents and diurnal moderators explicit based on chain analysis enabled a targeted, medication-free intervention that produced clinically meaningful reductions in behavior and urges. A chain-guided behavioral framework may help personalize treatment for SPD and related body-focused repetitive behaviors.

DOI： 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1738977

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

Hoarding disorder (HD) is associated with symptoms of inattention. Previous studies relied on self-report assessments, which pose limitations in diagnosis; however no study has investigated the severity of hoarding in patients with and without comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using structured diagnostic interviews. A total of 68 patients met the diagnostic criteria for HD, including 20 (29 %) with comorbid ADHD (20/68). This study aimed to compare the severity of hoarding symptoms in HD patients diagnosed with and without ADHD using a structured interview. The participants with HD were divided into HD + ADHD and HD without ADHD (HD-noADHD) groups, diagnosed using the Conners' Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The severity of the hoarding symptoms was compared between the two groups using saving inventory-revised (SI-R), hoarding rating scale-self report(HRS-SR) and clutter image rating (CI-R). No significant differences were found between HD + ADHD and HD-noADHD groups in SI-R (p = 0.329), HRS-SR (p = 0.492) and CI-R (p = 0.589). These results suggest that diagnosis of ADHD was not related to HD severity.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.11.001

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

Abstract

Decision‐making has been suggested as an endophenotype candidate for obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD). However, few studies have examined whether decision‐making under ambiguity is an endophenotype of OCD. This study aimed to investigate decision‐making under ambiguity, as assessed by the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), in patients with OCD and unaffected first‐degree relatives (UFDR). Forty‐seven non‐medicated, non‐co‐morbid patients with OCD, 30 UFDR, and 47 healthy controls (HC) were compared in terms of decision‐making using the IGT. The correlation between obsessive‐compulsive symptoms and IGT performance was also investigated. Patients with OCD and UFDR performed worse than HC on the IGT. No correlation was found between obsessive‐compulsive symptoms and IGT performance. A deficit in decision‐making under ambiguity may be a trait and an endophenotype candidate for OCD.

DOI： 10.1111/jnp.12407

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Journal of Psychiatric Research  

Despite recent studies suggesting an important association of hoarder disorder (HD) and attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD), no neuroimaging study has investigated the differences between patients with HD comorbid with ADHD and those without ADHD. This study investigated the regional spontaneous activity and functional connectivity in HD, focusing on the comorbidity with ADHD. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were obtained from 24 patients with HD and 31 healthy individuals. We investigated the group differences using the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF). The altered regions in the fALFF were used as seeds in a functional connectivity analysis where we conducted group comparisons among the three groups: healthy controls (HCs), HD with ADHD (HD +ADHD), and HD without ADHD (HD -ADHD). Compared to HCs, patients with HD had a reduced fALFF in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Functional connectivity analysis revealed that patients with HD + ADHD had reduced functional connectivity between the IFG and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) compared to HCs, while the HD -ADHD group was intermediate level between HD +ADHD and HCs groups. In conclusion, patients with HD have altered spontaneous activity of the IFG. Additionally, patients with HD + ADHD had significantly reduced functional connectivity between the IFG and the DLPFC. Our findings suggest the potential need to distinguish between subgroups of HD+ADHD to identify novel neurobiological models of HD that could guide future therapeutic strategies.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.03.055

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)  

Objective:

This review will identify and compare diverse approaches to group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Introduction:

CBT is an established treatment for OCD. Although the benefits of group CBT are well known, its practice varies widely. Despite the growing number of studies on group CBT, the extent of heterogeneity in its structure and content has not been examined.

Inclusion criteria:

Eligibility criteria will include adult patients (18 years or older) of any gender, with a primary diagnosis of OCD. Articles must report on group CBT implemented as a treatment, specifically focusing on the number, frequency, duration, and format of sessions; number of participants; program content; and therapists’ profession. The review will include both experimental and quasi-experimental designs, analytical observational studies, qualitative research, mixed methods studies, and textual evidence from key documents. Conference abstracts, research protocols, and systematic reviews will also be examined. All cultures, geographical contexts, races, and therapeutic settings will be considered. While sub-group analyses (eg, cultural or geographical variations) will not be conducted quantitatively due to the scoping nature of this review, relevant sub-group differences will be explored.

Methods:

This review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Published and unpublished articles in English and Japanese from database inception to the present will be searched for in PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, the Cochrane Library (including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews), CINAHL, PsycINFO, Open Access Theses and Dissertations, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, MedNar, and Google Scholar. Two reviewers will screen papers against predetermined inclusion criteria and extract data for specific variables. Data will be presented as tables and figures, accompanied by a narrative summary.

DOI： 10.11124/JBIES-24-00380

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.040

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

Abstract

Background

Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, including executive function, emotional regulation, and motivation, can persist into adulthood and are often associated with mental illnesses. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) may help ADHD adults in Japan, but the lack of studies and the variability in group CBT approaches make its effects unclear. Japan lacks unified CBT programs and adult ADHD guidelines, making it difficult to implement international individual CBT recommendations due to cultural differences. This study will assess the feasibility of a novel CBT program for Japanese adult ADHD patients.

Methods

This feasibility study will be open, nonrandomized, single‐arm, multicenter study. Twelve ADHD patients aged 20–65 years who are currently receiving treatment will be included based on Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) clinical severity threshold. An intervention phase of 12–16 weeks and a 12‐week follow‐up will total 24–28 weeks for all participants. The intervention will use a new CBT program tailored to individual assessments.

Results

The primary objective is to determine feasibility using dropout rates, adverse events, and CAARS score changes between Weeks 1 and 16. The secondary outcomes will assess long‐term effects of treatment beyond the intervention period and provide descriptive statistics on sex, depression, quality of life, and autistic scores in relation to the intervention outcomes. The full analysis set and per protocol set will be used for statistical analysis.

Conclusions

This study is essential for the development of CBT interventions in accordance with Japan's healthcare system that are tailored to the unique needs of its population.

DOI： 10.1002/pcn5.70036

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DOI： https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70036

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by structural alteration within white matter tissues of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical, temporal and occipital circuits. However, the presence of microstructural changes in the white matter tracts of unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with OCD as a vulnerability marker remains unclear. Therefore, here, diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) data were obtained from 29 first-degree relatives of patients with OCD and 59 healthy controls. We investigated the group differences in FA using whole-brain analysis (DTI analysis). For additional regions of interest (ROI) analysis, we focused on the posterior thalamic radiation and sagittal stratum, shown in recent meta-analysis of patients with OCD. In both whole-brain and ROI analyses, using a strict statistical threshold (family-wise error rate [FWE] corrected p<.05 for whole-brain analyses, and p<.0125 (0.05/4) with Bonferroni correction for ROI analyses), we found no significant group differences in FA. Subtle reductions were observed in the anterior corona radiata, forceps minor, cingulum bundle, and corpus callosum only when a lenient statistical was applied (FWE corrected p<.20). These findings suggest that alterations in the white matter microstructure of first-degree relatives, as potential vulnerability markers for OCD, are likely subtle.

DOI： 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111884

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers in Psychiatry  

<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Hoarding disorder (HD) is characterized by cognitive control impairments and abnormal brain activity in the insula and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during disposal of personal items or certain executive function tasks. However, whether there are any changes in resting-state functional connectivity of the insula and ACC remains unclear.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>A total of 55 subjects, including 24 patients with HD and 31 healthy controls (HCs), participated in the study. We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data and examined group differences in functional connectivity from the insula and ACC in whole-brain voxels.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>In patients with HD, functional connectivity was significantly lower between the right insula and right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and left superior temporal gyrus (STG) compared to HCs. There was no correlation between these connectivities and HD symptoms.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Although the clinical implication is uncertain, our results suggest that patients with HD have resting-state functional alterations between the insula and IFG and STG, corresponding with the results of previous fMRI studies. These findings provide new insight into the neurobiological basis of HD.</jats:p></jats:sec>

DOI： 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1399062

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers in Psychiatry  

BACKGROUND: Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have deficits in decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). However, no study has investigated the parameters of the prospect valence learning (PVL) model in the IGT for OCD. AIMS: This study aimed to investigate deficits in decision-making in OCD using the PVL model and identify whether the parameters of the PVL model were associated with obsessive-compulsive severity. METHODS: Forty-seven medication-free patients with OCD were compared with 47 healthy controls (HCs). Decision-making was measured using the total net and block net scores of the IGT. A PVL model with a decay-reinforcement learning rule (PVL-DecayRI) was used to investigate the parameters of the model. Correlation analysis was conducted between each parameter of the PVL-DecayRL and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. RESULTS: The total net score of patients with OCD was significantly lower than that of the HCs. The block net scores of the OCD group did not differ across the five blocks, whereas in the HCs, the fifth block net score was significantly higher than the block net scores of the first and second blocks. The values of the recency and response consistency parameters of the PVL-DecayRI in patients with OCD were significantly lower than those in HCs. The recency parameter positively correlated with the Y-BOCS obsessive score. Meanwhile, there was no correlation between consistency parameter values and symptom severity in OCD. CONCLUSION: Our detailed analysis of the decision-making deficit in OCD suggests that the most recent outcome has a small influence on the expectancy of prospect valence, as indicated by the lower recency parameter, and is characterized by more impulsive choices, as indicated by the lower consistency parameter.

DOI： 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1227057

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Cerebral Cortex  

Previous studies have suggested that specific fronto-striatal circuits are associated with impaired motor response inhibition in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and their relatives. However, no study has investigated the underlying resting-state network associated with motor response inhibition in the unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with OCD. We measured motor response inhibition using stop-signal task, and obtained resting-state fMRI in 23 first-degree relatives and 52 healthy control participants. We explored the group differences in the functional network from seed regions-of-interest (ROIs) associated with motor response inhibition abilities. We used the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) as seed-ROIs. A significant group difference was observed in functional connectivity between the pre-SMA and inferior parietal lobule. In the relative group, reduced functional connectivity between these areas was associated with a longer stop-signal reaction time. Additionally, relatives showed significantly greater functional connectivity between the IFG and SMA, precentral, and postcentral areas. Our results could provide new insights into the resting-state neural activity of the pre-SMA underlying impaired motor response inhibition of unaffected first-degree relatives. In addition, our results suggested that relatives have an altered connectivity of the sensorimotor region, similar to that of patients with OCD shown in previous literature.

DOI： 10.1093/cercor/bhad058

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

Recent evidence suggests that broad brain regions, not limited to the fronto-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit, play an important role in motor response inhibition. However, it is still unclear which specific key brain region is responsible for impaired motor response inhibition observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We calculated the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and measured response inhibition ability using the stop-signal task in 41 medication-free patients with OCD and 49 healthy control (HC) participants. We explored the brain region that shows different association between the fALFF and the ability of motor response inhibition. Significant differences in fALFF associated with the ability of motor response inhibition were identified in dorsal posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). There was a positive correlation between increased fALFF in the dorsal PCC and impaired motor response inhibition in OCD. In the HC group, there was a negative correlation between the two variables. Our results suggest that the magnitude of resting-state blood oxygen level-dependent oscillation of the dorsal PCC is a key brain region for the underlying mechanisms of impaired motor response inhibition in OCD. Future studies should examine whether this characteristic of dorsal PCC affects other large-scale networks responsible for motor response inhibition of OCD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111669

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Cerebral Cortex  

Gyrification patterns reflect early neurodevelopment and could be highly heritable. While some discrepant results have been reported, the most consistent finding was that patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder showed altered gyrification patterns in the orbitofrontal cortex. Nevertheless, no study has investigated the alterations in gyrification in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. We measured local gyrification by the FreeSurfer software in 23 unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 52 healthy control participants. We explored differences in the local gyrification index using vertex-wise whole-brain analysis and a region of interest-based approach in the medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex. There was no significant difference in the local gyrification index between the 2 groups in the vertex-wise whole-brain analysis. Region of interest analyses showed that, compared with healthy controls, first-degree relatives showed significantly reduced local gyrification index in the left medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex. A negative correlation was observed between the reduced local gyrification index in lateral orbitofrontal cortex and the subclinical anxiety scores of first-degree relatives. Our results showed that first-degree relatives of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder had an altered local gyrification index in the orbitofrontal cortex. Especially, reduced local gyrification index in lateral orbitofrontal cortex associated with subclinical anxiety symptom could be a potential neurodevelopmental marker for the illness onset.

DOI： 10.1093/cercor/bhad170

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Molecular Psychiatry  

Current knowledge about functional connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is based on small-scale studies, limiting the generalizability of results. Moreover, the majority of studies have focused only on predefined regions or functional networks rather than connectivity throughout the entire brain. Here, we investigated differences in resting-state functional connectivity between OCD patients and healthy controls (HC) using mega-analysis of data from 1024 OCD patients and 1028 HC from 28 independent samples of the ENIGMA-OCD consortium. We assessed group differences in whole-brain functional connectivity at both the regional and network level, and investigated whether functional connectivity could serve as biomarker to identify patient status at the individual level using machine learning analysis. The mega-analyses revealed widespread abnormalities in functional connectivity in OCD, with global hypo-connectivity (Cohen's d: -0.27 to -0.13) and few hyper-connections, mainly with the thalamus (Cohen's d: 0.19 to 0.22). Most hypo-connections were located within the sensorimotor network and no fronto-striatal abnormalities were found. Overall, classification performances were poor, with area-under-the-receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC) scores ranging between 0.567 and 0.673, with better classification for medicated (AUC = 0.702) than unmedicated (AUC = 0.608) patients versus healthy controls. These findings provide partial support for existing pathophysiological models of OCD and highlight the important role of the sensorimotor network in OCD. However, resting-state connectivity does not so far provide an accurate biomarker for identifying patients at the individual level.

DOI： 10.1038/s41380-023-02077-0

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhad058

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公財)メンタルヘルス岡本記念財団  

2019年4月から2022年3月に九州大学病院精神科神経科を受診した、ためこみ症(Hoarding disorder:HD)患者で、研究に参加協力が可能な患者にHD発症前のライフイベントについて調査した。対象者を募り、同意を得た上で詳細な生育環境・生活環境について面接による調査を行った。さらにSocial Readjustment Rating Scale(SRRS)を用いて、ためこみ症発症前に認めたライフイベントを網羅的に調査した。対象となった患者は21名(男性6名、女性15名、平均年齢45.6±11.1歳、発症平均年齢19.9±8.38歳)、併存症はADHD 13名、気分障害12名(大うつ病性障害11名、双極性1型障害1名)などであった。発症前のライフイベントに関する調査では、分離に合致するライフイベントを認めた割合は21名中18名であった。発症前のネガティブなライフイベントとしての「児童青年期のライフイベント」と所有物への信念としての「感傷的な価値」間にのみ有意な関連が認められた。

Publisher：(株)金剛出版  

DOI： 10.69291/j03600.2023067295

CiNii Research

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers in Psychiatry  

BACKGROUND: Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been conceptualized as manifestations of decision-making deficits. Patients with OCD exhibit impairment during the decision-making process, as assessed by the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). This impairment is independent of clinical severity and disease progression. However, the association between the decision-making deficit and resting-state brain activity of patients with OCD has not been examined. METHODS: Fifty unmedicated patients with OCD and 55 matched control subjects completed IGT. Resting-state brain activity was examined using the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs). fALFF analysis focused on the slow-4 and 5 bands. Group comparisons were performed to determine the association between IGT performance and fALFFs. RESULTS: There was a significant group difference in the association between the IGT total net score and slow-4 fALFFs in the left putamen (voxel height threshold of p < 0.001; cluster size threshold of p < 0.05; family wise error-corrected). Higher putamen slow-4 fALFFs were correlated with lower IGT scores for OCD patients (r = -0.485; p < 0.0005) and higher IGT scores for control subjects (r = 0.402; p < 0.005). There was no group difference in the association between the IGT total net score and slow-5 fALFFs. CONCLUSIONS: These findings in unmedicated patients demonstrate the importance of resting-state putamen activity for decision-making deficit associated with OCD, as measured by IGT. The inverse correlation may be explained by the hypersensitive response of the putamen in patients with OCD.

DOI： 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.836965

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Journal of Psychiatric Research  

Although preliminary neuroimaging research suggests that patients with hoarding disorder (HD) show widespread abnormal task-related activity in the brain, there has been no research on alterations in the white matter tracts in these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the major white matter tracts in patients with HD. Tract-based spatial statistics were used to search for white matter tract abnormalities throughout the brain in 25 patients with HD and 36 healthy controls. Post hoc analysis of regions of interest was performed to detect correlations with clinical features. Compared with the controls, patients with HD showed decreased fractional anisotropy and increased radial diffusivity in anatomically widespread white matter tracts. Post hoc analysis of regions of interest revealed a significant negative correlation between the severity of hoarding symptoms and fractional anisotropy in the left anterior limb of the internal capsule and a positive correlation between the severity of these symptoms and radial diffusivity in the right anterior thalamic radiation. Patients with HD showed a broad range of alterations in the frontal white matter tracts, including the frontothalamic circuit, frontoparietal network, and frontolimbic pathway. The findings of this study indicate associations between frontal white matter abnormalities related to the severity of hoarding symptoms in HD and the cortical regions involved in cognitive dysfunction. The insights provided would be useful for understanding the neurobiological basis of HD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.01.031

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry  

Background It is gradually becoming clear that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients have aberrant resting-state large-scale intrinsic networks of cingulo-opercular salience (SN), default mode (DMN), and front-parietal network (FPN). However, it remains unknown whether unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients have these alterations as a vulnerability marker to the disorder. Methods We performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) scans of 47 medication-free OCD patients, 21 unaffected healthy first-degree relatives of OCD patients, and 62 healthy control (HC) participants. We explored differences between the three groups in the functional connectivity from SN (seeds: anterior-insula (AI) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC)), DMN (seeds: medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PCC)), and FPN (seeds: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)). Results Compared to HC, both OCD patients and first-degree relatives showed significantly greater functional connectivity between AI and PCC and between DLPFC and the thalamus. Compared to first-degree relatives and HC, OCD patients showed reduced functional connectivity between PCC and DLPFC, and this altered functional connectivity was negatively correlated with anxiety and depressive symptom within OCD group. Conclusions OCD patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients showed overlapping alterations in resting state functional connectivity between the regions of SN and DMN and between DLPFC and the thalamus. Our results suggested that alterations between large-scale intrinsic networks and within the dorsal cognitive cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit could represent endophenotype markers of OCD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110516

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Human Brain Mapping  

Recent evidence suggests that presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) play an important role in response inhibition. However, no study has investigated the relationship between these brain networks at resting-state and response inhibition in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and then measured the response inhibition of 41 medication-free OCD patients and 49 healthy control (HC) participants by using the stop-signal task outside the scanner. We explored the differences between OCD and HC groups in the functional connectivity of pre-SMA and IFG associated with the ability of motor response inhibition. OCD patients showed a longer stop-signal reaction time (SSRT). Compared to HC, OCD patients exhibit different associations between the ability of motor response inhibition and the functional connectivity between pre-SMA and IFG, inferior parietal lobule, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, insula, and anterior prefrontal cortex. Additional analysis to investigate the functional connectivity difference from the seed ROIs to the whole brain voxels revealed that, compared to HC, OCD exhibited greater functional connectivity between pre-SMA and IFG. Also, this functional connectivity was positively correlated with the SSRT score. These results provide additional insight into the characteristics of the resting-state functional connectivity of the regions belonging to the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit and the cingulo-opercular salience network, underlying the impaired motor response inhibition of OCD. In particular, we emphasize the importance of altered functional connectivity between pre-SMA and IFG for the pathophysiology of motor response inhibition in OCD.

DOI： 10.1002/hbm.25699

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DOI： https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102004

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DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0200814

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.02.005

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Event date： 2023.3

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Venue：オンライン   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2020.9

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Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)  

Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)星和書店  

精神病様症状体験(Psychotic-like experiences)は一般人口においても一定の割合でみられ,強迫症においても報告されている。さらにPLEsの水準に留まらない精神病症状が強迫症と併存し,難治化することもある。本稿では,精神病様症状を有する強迫症の症例の治療経過を提示し,強迫症において幻覚・妄想状態の兆しが生じた場合の見立てと治療について考察する。強迫症状と精神病様症状が併存している場合,どちらの病態が主体であるのかの見立てが重要になる。幻覚・妄想状態の兆しを有する強迫症に対しても認知行動療法を援用したアプローチは有用である可能性がある。一方,薬物療法に関する知見は十分ではなく今後の臨床研究の蓄積が望まれる。(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)医学書院  

＜文献概要＞はじめに　強迫症(obsessive compulsive disorder:OCD)は特定の事柄に対して繰り返し生じる思考(強迫観念)と,それを打ち消すための繰り返しの行動(強迫行為)を特徴とする疾患である。強迫観念や強迫行為は長時間を浪費し,日常生活に強い悪影響を生じさせる。従来は不安障害(ICD-10では神経症性障害)を代表する疾患の1つであったが,病態,臨床像の違いから2013年刊行のDSM-5では,不安症群から独立し,衝動やこだわりを特徴とする「強迫症および関連症群」の中核疾患と定義付けられている。OCDの診断や重症度の把握,治療効果判定の場面において最も広く用いられている評価尺度がYale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale(Y-BOCS)である。Y-BOCSは強迫症状の評価方法として信頼性と妥当性が担保されており,臨床から研究まで世界標準の検査方法として幅広く用いられている。本稿では,このY-BOCSを中心に,OCDの症状評価の方法について解説する。

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公財)メンタルヘルス岡本記念財団  

J-GLOBAL

J-GLOBAL

J-GLOBAL

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)医学書院  

＜文献概要＞認知行動療法は,世界で広く実践されている心理療法の1つである。科学的な治療効果の裏付けに基づき,本邦でも一定の条件を満たす場合には保険診療としての実施が可能になっている。多くの精神疾患・メンタルヘルス上の問題に対する有効性が示され,社会的なニーズも大きいにもかかわらず,治療を提供できる医療者が少ないことが現在の課題の1つと考えられる。治療の質の担保や治療者の育成についての検討がなされ,関連した資格が整備されつつある。本稿では,代表的な資格として厚生労働省認知行動療法研修事業スーパーバイザーと,日本認知・行動療法学会が認定する認知行動療法師を中心に紹介する。

Authorship：Lead author  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)アークメディア  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)先端医学社  

＜Key Point＞・疾患や治療法についての正しい知識を伝えることに加えて,治療に対する動機づけも重要である・患者の「巻き込み」にどのように対応するかという話し合いも重要である(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(有)科学評論社  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)金剛出版  

J-GLOBAL

J-GLOBAL

J-GLOBAL

J-GLOBAL

J-GLOBAL