記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003932

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.13794

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1097/YPG.0b013e3283586215

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31822f0435

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03405.x

記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：npj Aging  

We investigated associations of glycemic measures, and insulin resistance and secretion measures with hippocampal and subfield volumes. In this cross-sectional study, 7400 community-dwelling participants underwent brain MRI and health checkups between 2016 and 2018. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), glycated albumin (GA), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and HOMA of percent β-cell function (HOMA-β) were evaluated. The associations of each measure with a smaller volume of the hippocampus and twelve hippocampal subfields were investigated. As a result, higher HbA1c or GA and lower HOMA-β levels were significantly associated with smaller volumes in multiple hippocampal subfields. Furthermore, even when we analyzed non-diabetic individuals, substantial associations remained between higher GA or lower HOMA-β levels and smaller volumes of the whole hippocampus or the fimbria. Our findings indicate that postprandial glucose fluctuations, postprandial hyperglycemia, and low insulin secretion have a specific effect on the development of smaller hippocampal volume, suggesting that primary prevention of diabetes and/or sufficient glucose control are important for the prevention of dementia.

DOI： 10.1038/s41514-024-00164-2

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：npj Genomic Medicine  

The genetic architecture of white matter lesions (WMLs) in Asian populations has not been well-characterized. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify loci associated with the WML volume. Brain MRI and DNA samples were collected from 9479 participants in the Japan Prospective Studies Collaboration for Aging and Dementia (JPSC-AD). The GWAS confirmed three known WML-associated loci (SH3PXD2A, GFAP, and TRIM47). The lead variant of GFAP was a common missense variant (p.D295N) in East Asians. Meta-GWAS using the publicly available summary statistics of UK Biobank identified one previously unreported locus 6q23.2 (SLC2A12). Integration with expression quantitative trait locus data implied the newly identified locus affects SLC2A12 expression. The effect sizes of 20 lead variants at the WML-associated loci were moderately correlated between JPSC-AD and UK Biobank. These results indicate that the alteration in GFAP protein caused by the common missense variant in East Asians influences the WML volume.

DOI： 10.1038/s41525-024-00431-x

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本疫学会  

<Highlight>●preserved ratio impaired spirometry(PRISm)と認知症との関連は明らかにされていない。●本研究では、認知症のない65歳以上の日本人地域高齢住民1,202人を対象に、中央値5.0年間の追跡調査を行った。●PRISm群は、呼吸機能正常群と比べ認知症の発症リスクが約2倍であった。●PRISmは、認知症の発症リスクが高い集団であり、呼吸機能障害の重要なサブタイプといえる。(著者抄録)

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：GeroScience  

Sarcopenia has been reported to be associated with cognitive decline and the risk of dementia. However, few studies have addressed the association between sarcopenia and brain morphological changes in the general population. A total of 1373 community-dwelling participants aged ≥ 65 years underwent brain MRI. Sarcopenia was defined based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia's criteria. The pattern of regional gray matter volume loss associated with sarcopenia were assessed using a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis. Regional brain volumes, intracranial volumes (ICV), and white matter lesions volumes (WMLV) were also measured using FreeSurfer. An analysis of covariance was used to examine the associations of sarcopenia with regional brain volumes in proportion to ICV. Of the participants, 112 had sarcopenia. The participants with sarcopenia had significantly lower total brain volume/ICV and total gray matter volume/ICV and higher WMLV/ICV than those without sarcopenia after adjusting for confounders. In VBM, sarcopenia was associated with lower gray matter volume in the frontal lobe, insula, cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala, and basal ganglia. Using FreeSurfer, we confirmed that the participants with sarcopenia had significantly lower frontal, insular, cingulate, and hippocampal volumes than those without sarcopenia. The current study showed that participants with sarcopenia had significantly lower volume in the frontal lobe, insula, cingulate, and hippocampus and higher WMLV than participants without sarcopenia. As these brain regions are likely to play an important role in cognitive function, these changes may suggest a shared underlying mechanism for the progression of sarcopenia and cognitive decline.

DOI： 10.1007/s11357-024-01289-8

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：日本疫学会  

Background: Studies on the association between preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and dementia are limited. Indeed, PRISm has often been overlooked or ignored as an index of lung function impairment. Therefore, we investigated the association of PRISm with the risk for the development of dementia in an older Japanese population. Methods: A total of 1,202 community-dwelling, older Japanese participants aged ≥65 years without dementia were followed up for a median of 5.0 years. Participants were categorized by spirometry as follows: normal spirometry (FEV1/FVC ≥0.70 and FEV1 ≥80% predicted), PRISm (≥0.70 and <80%), airflow limitation (AFL) Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 1 (<0.70 and ≥80%), and AFL GOLD 2 to 4 (<0.70 and <80%). Hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: During the follow-up period, 122 participants developed dementia. The age-and sex-adjusted incidences of dementia in the participants with normal spirometry, PRISm, AFL GOLD 1, and AFL GOLD 2 to 4 were 20.5, 37.0, 18.4, and 28.6 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. Participants with PRISm had a higher risk of dementia (HR 2.04; 95% CI, 1.19–3.49) than those with normal spirometry after adjusting for confounders. Moreover, both reduced FEV1% predicted values and FVC% predicted values were associated with the risk of dementia. Conclusion: PRISm was associated with an increased risk of dementia in a general older Japanese population.

DOI： 10.2188/jea.je20230207

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Scientific Reports  

We investigated the association of retinopathy with the risk of dementia in a general older Japanese population. A total of 1709 population-based residents aged 60 years or older without dementia were followed prospectively for 10 years (2007–2017). They underwent color fundus photography in 2007. Retinopathy was graded according to the Modified Airlie House Classification. Main outcome was the Incidence of dementia. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of dementia by the presence of retinopathy. During the follow-up period, 374 participants developed all-cause dementia. The cumulative incidence of dementia was significantly higher in those with retinopathy than those without (p < 0.05). Individuals with retinopathy had significantly higher risk of developing dementia than those without after adjustment for potential confounding factors (HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.19–2.25). Regarding the components of retinopathy, the presence of microaneurysms was significantly associated with a higher multivariable-adjusted HR for incident dementia (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.37–2.74). Our findings suggest that, in addition to systemic risk factors, retinal microvascular signs from fundus photography provide valuable information for estimating the risk of developing dementia.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-024-62688-7

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その他リンク： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-62688-7

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences  

Several population-based studies have reported that higher serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels are associated with brain morphological changes. However, no population-based studies have examined the relationship between serum NT-proBNP and various regional brain volumes in detail. We here analyzed the brain MRI data of 1 201 community-dwelling Japanese aged =65 years. Regional gray matter volumes (GMV) and intracranial volume (ICV) were estimated by applying voxel-based morphometry (VBM) methods. The associations of serum NT-proBNP with regional GMV/ICV were examined by analysis of covariance. The regional gray matter atrophy patterns associated with elevated serum NT-proBNP levels were investigated using VBM without a priori regions of interest. The multivariable-adjusted means of the frontal, temporal, hippocampal, parahippocampal, and entorhinal GMV/ICV decreased significantly with elevated serum NT-proBNP levels (all p for trend and q values of false discovery rate correction < .05). In VBM, elevated serum NT-proBNP levels were correlated with atrophy of the bilateral hippocampi, bilateral amygdalas, bilateral parahippocampal gyri, bilateral entorhinal areas, bilateral fusiform gyri, left middle temporal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus, right central operculum, right posterior orbital gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyri, anterior cingulate gyrus and bilateral medial frontal cortices. In a sensitivity analysis excluding 254 participants with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, serum NT-proBNP levels were correlated with atrophy of the bilateral hippocampi, bilateral amygdalas, bilateral parahippocampal gyri, bilateral fusiform gyri, and left middle frontal gyrus. Our data suggest that elevated serum NT-proBNP levels are associated with gray matter atrophy in brain regions that play an important role in cognitive function.

DOI： 10.1093/gerona/glae075

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences  

Aim: To assess the association between plasma amyloid β (Aβ) 42/40, phosphorylated tau (p-τ)181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), or neurofilament light chain (NfL) and the risk of dementia and to determine whether these plasma biomarkers could improve the ability to predict incident dementia in a general older population. Methods: A total of 1346 Japanese community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years without dementia were followed prospectively for 5.0 years. Plasma biomarkers were quantified using a Simoa HD-X analyzer. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios of each plasma biomarker level for the risk of dementia. Results: During the follow-up, 151 participants developed dementia, of whom 108 had Alzheimer disease (AD) and 43 non–Alzheimer dementia (non-AD). Lower plasma Aβ42/40 levels and higher plasma p-τ181 levels were significantly associated with developing AD but not non-AD, whereas significant associations were observed between higher plasma levels of GFAP and NfL and risk of both AD and non-AD (all P for trend <0.05). In addition, adding these four plasma biomarkers into a model consisting of the total score of the dementia risk model significantly improved the predictive ability for incident dementia. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that plasma Aβ42/40 and p-τ181 are specific markers of AD, and plasma GFAP and NfL are potential biomarkers for all-cause dementia in the general Japanese older population. In addition, the measurement of these plasma biomarkers may be a useful and relatively low-invasive procedure for identifying individuals at high risk for developing dementia in clinical practice.

DOI： 10.1111/pcn.13661

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Neuropathology  

The hypothalamus is the region of the brain that integrates the neuroendocrine system and whole-body metabolism. Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been reported to exhibit pathological changes in the hypothalamus, such as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and amyloid plaques (APs). However, few studies have investigated whether hypothalamic AD pathology is associated with clinical factors. We investigated the association between AD-related pathological changes in the hypothalamus and clinical pictures using autopsied brain samples obtained from deceased residents of a Japanese community. A total of 85 autopsied brain samples were semi-quantitatively analyzed for AD pathology, including NFTs and APs. Our histopathological studies showed that several hypothalamic nuclei, such as the tuberomammillary nucleus (TBM) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), are vulnerable to AD pathologies. NFTs are observed in various neuropathological states, including normal cognitive cases, whereas APs are predominantly observed in AD. Regarding the association between hypothalamic AD pathologies and clinical factors, the degree of APs in the TBM and LHA was associated with a lower body mass index while alive, after adjusting for sex and age at death. However, we found no significant association between hypothalamic AD pathology and the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia. Our study showed that a lower BMI, which is a poor prognostic factor of AD, might be associated with hypothalamic AP pathology and highlighted new insights regarding the disruption of the brain–whole body axis in AD.

DOI： 10.1111/neup.12974

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Scientific Reports  

In recent years, the association between neuroinflammatory markers and dementia, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has attracted much attention. However, the evidence for the relationship between serum-hs-CRP and dementia including AD are inconsistent. Therefore, the relationships of serum high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) with dementia including AD and with regions of interest of brain MRI were investigated. A total of 11,957 community residents aged 65 years or older were recruited in eight sites in Japan (JPSC-AD Study). After applying exclusion criteria, 10,085 participants who underwent blood tests and health-related examinations were analyzed. Then, serum hs-CRP levels were classified according to clinical cutoff values, and odds ratios for the presence of all-cause dementia and its subtypes were calculated for each serum hs-CRP level. In addition, the association between serum hs-CRP and brain volume regions of interest was also examined using analysis of covariance with data from 8614 individuals in the same cohort who underwent brain MRI. After multivariable adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) for all-cause dementia were 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76–1.43), 1.68 (95%CI 1.08–2.61), and 1.51 (95%CI 1.08–2.11) for 1.0–1.9 mg/L, 2.0–2.9 mg/L, and ≥ 3.0 mg/L, respectively, compared to < 1.0 mg/L, and those for AD were 0.72 (95%CI 0.48–1.08), 1.76 (95%CI 1.08–2.89), and 1.61 (95%CI 1.11–2.35), for 1.0–1.9 mg/L, 2.0–2.9 mg/L, and ≥ 3.0 mg/L, respectively, compared to < 1.0 mg/L. Multivariable-adjusted ORs for all-cause dementia and for AD prevalence increased significantly with increasing serum hs-CRP levels (p for trend < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). In addition, the multivariable-adjusted temporal cortex volume/estimated total intracranial volume ratio decreased significantly with increasing serum hs-CRP levels (< 1.0 mg/L 4.28%, 1.0–1.9 mg/L 4.27%, 2.0–2.9 mg/L 4.29%, ≥ 3.0 mg/L 4.21%; p for trend = 0.004). This study’s results suggest that elevated serum hs-CRP levels are associated with greater risk of presence of dementia, especially AD, and of temporal cortex atrophy in a community-dwelling Japanese older population.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-024-57922-1

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：npj Aging  

Several studies have found associations between poor oral health, particularly tooth loss and cognitive decline. However, the specific brain regions affected by tooth loss and the probable causes remain unclear. We conducted a population-based longitudinal cohort study in Nakajima, Nanao City, Japan. Between 2016 and 2018, 2454 residents aged ≥60 participated, covering 92.9% of the local age demographics. This study used comprehensive approach by combining detailed dental examinations, dietary assessments, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, and cognitive evaluations. Tooth loss, even in cognitively normal individuals, is associated with parahippocampal gyrus atrophy and increased WMH volume, both of which are characteristics of dementia. Tooth loss was associated with altered dietary patterns, notably a reduction in plant-based food intake and an increase in fatty, processed food intake. This study highlights a possible preventative pathway where oral health may play a significant role in preventing the early neuropathological shifts associated with dementia.

DOI： 10.1038/s41514-024-00146-4

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出版者・発行元：医歯薬出版  

DOI： 10.32118/ayu28807573

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd  

日本人高齢者における軽度認知障害(MCI)と歩行速度の関連について検討した。2016～2018年にJPSC-ADに参加した65歳以上の日本人8233人(男性3540人、女性4693人、平均72.8±6.0歳)を対象とした。性別及び年齢グループにより層別化した後、参加者の歩行速度を5グループに分けた。その結果、歩行速度の低下はMCIのオッズ上昇と関連し、性別及び年齢により変化していた。また、歩行速度はMCIのスクリーニングツールとして有用であることが示された。

記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Psychogeriatrics  

Background: Studies have shown that decreased gait speed is associated with impaired cognitive function. However, whether this association is equivalent across ages or genders in the older population remains unclear. Thus, we examined the association between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and gait speed emphasising the influence of age and gender. Methods: Overall, 8233 Japanese participants aged ≥65 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study between 2016 and 2018. After stratification by gender and age group, the participants' gait speeds were divided into quintiles, and the difference in MCI prevalence at each gait speed quintile was calculated. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the odds of MCI for each quintile and to assess the influence of age and gender. Results: Males had a consistently higher prevalence of MCI than females. The odds of MCI were increased as gait speed decreased. Logistic regression analyses revealed that in the multivariable-adjusted model 2, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval; CI) for MCI were 2.02 (1.47–2.76) for females and 1.75 (1.29–2.38) for males in the slowest gait speed quintiles compared to the fastest quintile. In the stratified analyses, only males showed an age-dependent increase in the associations between gait speed and MCI, while females exhibited comparable associations across age groups. Conclusions: Reduced gait speed was associated with increased odds of MCI, and this association may vary according to gender and age. Therefore, gait speed could serve as a valuable screening tool for MCI, with gender- and age-dependent clinical implications.

DOI： 10.1111/psyg.13013

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1039/d3dt01644g

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本認知症学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本認知症学会  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Neurology  

Background and ObjectivesEpidemiologic evidence has shown that social isolation, a low frequency of social contact with others, is associated with the risk of dementia and late-life depressive symptoms. Therefore, we hypothesized that low frequency of social contact may be involved in brain atrophy, and depressive symptoms may play some role in this relationship. We aimed to evaluate the association between low frequency of social contact and the volumes of various brain regions and to assess the extent to which depressive symptoms mediate these relationships from a large population-based multisite cohort study.MethodsDementia-free community-dwelling Japanese aged 65 years or older underwent brain MRI scans and a comprehensive health examination. Frequency of contact with noncohabiting relatives and friends was determined by asking a single question with 4 categories: everyday, several times a week, several times a month, and seldom. Total and regional brain volumes, intracranial volume (ICV), and white matter lesion volume were estimated using FreeSurfer software. The associations between frequency of social contact and brain volumes per ICV were examined using analyses of covariance. Mediation analyses were conducted to calculate the proportion of the associations explained by depressive symptoms.ResultsWe included 8,896 participants. The multivariable-adjusted mean of the total brain volume in the group with the lowest frequency of social contact was significantly lower compared with that in the group with the highest frequency of social contact (67.3% vs 67.8%), with a significant increasing trend across the groups (p value for trend <0.001). The white matter lesion volume increased significantly with lower frequency of social contact (0.30% in the lowest frequency group vs 0.26% in the highest frequency group, p value for trend <0.001). Lower frequency of social contact was associated with smaller volumes in the temporal lobe, occipital lobe, cingulum, hippocampus, and amygdala (all q values of false discovery rate correction <0.05). The relationships seemed to be partly mediated by depressive symptoms, which accounted for 15%-29% of the observed associations.DiscussionLower frequency of social contact was associated with decreased total and cognitive function-related regional brain volumes. In addition, depressive symptoms partially explained the association in community-dwelling older people without dementia in Japan.

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207602

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology  

Background: Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) of the brain may be involved in dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Hypertension has been reported to be a risk factor for dementia and CSVD, but the association between blood pressure (BP) and perivascular spaces is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the association between BP and EPVS volumes and to examine the interactions of relevant factors. Methods: A total of 9296 community-dwelling subjects aged ≥65 years participated in a brain magnetic resonance imaging and health status screening examination. Perivascular volume was measured using a software package based on deep learning that was developed in-house. The associations between BP and EPVS volumes were examined by analysis of covariance and multiple regression analysis. Results: Mean EPVS volumes increased significantly with rising systolic and diastolic BP levels (P for trend =.003, P for trend<.001, respectively). In addition, mean EPVS volumes increased significantly for every 1-mmHg-increment in systolic and diastolic BPs (both P values <.001). These significant associations were still observed in the sensitivity analysis after excluding subjects with dementia. Conclusions: The present data suggest that higher systolic and diastolic BP levels are associated with greater EPVS volumes in cognitively normal older people.

DOI： 10.1177/08919887231195235

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Epidemiological evidence has shown that social isolation, a low frequency of social contact with others, is associated with the risk of dementia and late-life depressive symptoms. Therefore, we hypothesized that low frequency of social contact may be involved in brain atrophy, and depressive symptoms may play some role in this relationship. We aimed to evaluate the association between low frequency of social contact and the volumes of various brain regions and to assess the extent to which depressive symptoms mediate these relationships from a large population-based multisite cohort study. METHODS: Dementia-free community-dwelling Japanese aged ≥65 years underwent brain MRI scans and a comprehensive health examination. Frequency of contact with non-cohabiting relatives and friends was determined by asking a single question with four categories: everyday, several times a week, several times a month, and seldom. Total and regional brain volumes, intracranial volume (ICV) and white matter lesions volume were estimated using FreeSurfer software. The associations between frequency of social contact and brain volumes per ICV were examined using analyses of covariance. Mediation analyses were conducted to calculate the proportion of the associations explained by depressive symptoms. RESULTS: We included 8,896 participants. The multivariable-adjusted mean of the total brain volume in the group with the lowest frequency of social contact was significantly lower compared to that in the group with the highest frequency (67.3% vs 67.8%), with a significant increasing trend across the groups (p value for trend <0.001). The white matter lesions volume increased significantly with lower frequency of social contact (0.30% in the lowest frequency vs 0.26% in the highest frequency group, p value for trend <0.001). Lower frequency of social contact was associated with smaller volumes in the temporal lobe, occipital lobe, cingulum, hippocampus, and amygdala (all q value of FDR correction <0.05). The relationships appeared to be partly mediated by depressive symptoms, which accounted for 15% to 29% of the observed associations. DISCUSSION: Lower frequency of social contact was associated with decreased total and cognitive function-related regional brain volumes. In addition, depressive symptoms partially explained the association in community-dwelling older people without dementia in Japan.

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Frontiers in Pharmacology  

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is a debilitating, progressive neurodegeneration. Amino acids play a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles in the nervous system, and their levels and disorders related to their synthesis have been related to cognitive impairment, the core feature of AD. Our previous multicenter trial showed that hachimijiogan (HJG), a traditional Japanese herbal medicine (Kampo), has an adjuvant effect for Acetylcholine estelase inhibitors (AChEIs) and that it delays the deterioration of the cognitive dysfunction of female patients with mild AD. However, there are aspects of the molecular mechanism(s) by which HJG improves cognitive dysfunction that remain unclear. Objectives: To elucidate through metabolomic analysis the mechanism(s) of HJG for mild AD based on changes in plasma metabolites. Methods: Sixty-seven patients with mild AD were randomly assigned to either an HJG group taking HJG extract 7.5 g/day in addition to AChEI or to a control group treated only with AChEI (HJG:33, Control:34). Blood samples were collected before, 3 months, and 6 months after the first drug administration. Comprehensive metabolomic analyses of plasma samples were done by optimized LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS methods. The web-based software MetaboAnalyst 5.0 was used for partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to visualize and compare the dynamics of changes in the concentrations of the identified metabolites. Results: The VIP (Variable Importance in Projection) score of the PLS-DA analysis of female participants revealed a significantly higher increase in plasma metabolite levels after HJG administration for 6 months than was seen in the control group. In univariate analysis, the aspartic acid level of female participants showed a significantly higher increase from baseline after HJG administration for 6 months when compared with the control group. Conclusion: Aspartic acid was a major contributor to the difference between the female HJG and control group participants of this study. Several metabolites were shown to be related to the mechanism of HJG effectiveness for mild AD.

DOI： 10.3389/fphar.2023.1203349

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences  

AIM: To investigate the association of white matter lesions volume (WMLV) levels with dementia risk and the association between dementia risk and the combined measures of WMLV and either total brain atrophy or dementia-related gray matter atrophy in a general older population. METHODS: One thousand one hundred fifty-eight Japanese dementia-free community-residents aged ≥65 years who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging were followed for 5.0 years. WMLV were segmented using the Lesion Segmentation Toolbox. Total brain volume (TBV) and regional gray matter volume were estimated by voxel-based morphometry. The WMLV-to-intracranial brain volume ratio (WMLV/ICV) was calculated, and its association with dementia risk was estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. Total brain atrophy, defined as the TBV-to-ICV ratio (TBV/ICV), and dementia-related regional brain atrophy defined based on our previous report were calculated. The association between dementia risk and the combined measures of WMLV/ICV and either total brain atrophy or the number of atrophied regions was also tested. RESULTS: During the follow-up, 113 participants developed dementia. The risks of dementia increased significantly with higher WMLV/ICV levels. In addition, dementia risk increased additively both in participants with higher WMLV/ICV levels and lower TBV/ICV levels and in those with higher WMLV/ICV levels and a higher number of dementia-related brain regional atrophy. CONCLUSION: The risk of dementia increased significantly with higher WMLV/ICV levels. An additive increment in dementia risk was observed with higher WMLV/ICV levels and lower TBV/ICV levels or a higher number of dementia-related brain regional atrophy, suggesting the importance of prevention or control of cardiovascular risk factors.

DOI： 10.1111/pcn.13533

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd  

高齢者集団における白質病変容積(WMLV)及び脳萎縮と認知症リスクの関係について検討した。福岡県久山町の認知症がない65歳以上の住民のうち、脳MRIを実施した1158人(男性512人、女性646人、平均73.6±6.2歳)を対象とした。WMLVをLesion Segmentation Toolboxを用いてセグメント化し、全脳容積(TBV)と局所灰白質容積をvoxel-based morphometryを用いて推定した。頭蓋内脳容積(ICV)に対するWMLVの比(WMLV/ICV)を計算し、WMLV/ICVと認知症リスクの関連をCox比例ハザードモデルにより推定した。ICVに対するTBVの比(TBV/ICV)で定義された全脳萎縮と、著者等の過去の報告で定義された認知症関連の脳局所萎縮を算出した。5年間の経過観察期間中に113人が認知症を発症した。認知症リスクはWMLV/ICVとともに有意に増加した。WMLV/ICVが大きくTBV/ICVが小さい住民と、WMLV/ICVが大きく認知症関連の脳局所萎縮の数が多い住民では認知症リスクが相加的に増加することが観察された。

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Kidney Medicine  

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Chronic kidney disease, defined by albuminuria and/or reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), has been reported to be associated with brain atrophy and/or higher white matter lesion volume (WMLV), but there are few large-scale population-based studies assessing this issue. This study aimed to examine the associations between the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) and eGFR levels and brain atrophy and WMLV in a large-scale community-dwelling older population of Japanese. STUDY DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: A total of 8,630 dementia-free community-dwelling Japanese aged greater than or equal to 65 years underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging scanning and screening examination of health status in 2016-2018. EXPOSURES: UACR and eGFR levels. OUTCOMES: The total brain volume (TBV)-to-intracranial volume (ICV) ratio (TBV/ICV), the regional brain volume-to-TBV ratio, and the WMLV-to-ICV ratio (WMLV/ICV). ANALYTICAL APPROACH: The associations of UACR and eGFR levels with the TBV/ICV, the regional brain volume-to-TBV ratio, and the WMLV/ICV were assessed by using an analysis of covariance. RESULTS: Higher UACR levels were significantly associated with lower TBV/ICV and higher geometric mean values of the WMLV/ICV (P for trend = 0.009 and <0.001, respectively). Lower eGFR levels were significantly associated with lower TBV/ICV, but not clearly associated with WMLV/ICV. In addition, higher UACR levels, but not lower eGFR, were significantly associated with lower temporal cortex volume-to-TBV ratio and lower hippocampal volume-to-TBV ratio. LIMITATIONS: Cross-sectional study, misclassification of UACR or eGFR levels, generalizability to other ethnicities and younger populations, and residual confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that higher UACR was associated with brain atrophy, especially in the temporal cortex and hippocampus, and with increased WMLV. These findings suggest that chronic kidney disease is involved in the progression of morphologic brain changes associated with cognitive impairment.

DOI： 10.1016/j.xkme.2022.100593

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本生物学的精神医学会  

DOI： 10.11249/jsbpjjpp.34.1_38

CiNii Research

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics  

BACKGROUND: To investigate the association of gait speed with regional brain volumes and the risk of incident dementia. METHODS: A total of 1112 dementia-free Japanese residents aged ≥65 years who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging were followed for 5.0 years (median). The participants were classified into the age- and sex-specific quartile levels of maximum gait speed. Regional gray matter volumes (GMV) and white matter hyperintensities volumes (WMHV) were measured by applying voxel-based morphometry methods. The cross-sectional association of maximum gait speed with regional GMV was examined using an analysis of covariance. We also estimated the association between maximum gait speed level and the risk of developing dementia using a Cox proportional hazards model. Mediation analyses were conducted to determine the contribution of regional brain volumes to the association between maximum gait speed and dementia. RESULTS: Lower maximum gait speed was significantly associated with lower GMV of the total brain, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, cingulate gyrus, insula, hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum, and increased WMHV at baseline. During the follow-up, 108 participants developed dementia. The incidence rate of all dementias increased significantly with decreasing maximum gait speed after adjusting for potential confounders (P for trend = 0.03). The mediating effects of the GMV of the hippocampus, GMV of the insula, and WMHV were significant. CONCLUSIONS: Lower maximum gait speed was significantly associated with an increased risk of dementia. Reduced GMV of the hippocampus or insula, and an increase in WMHV was likely to be involved in this association.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104883

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記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BMC Geriatrics  

Abstract

Background

Several prospective Western studies have reported an inverse association of vegetable and fruit intake with dementia risk. However, there is limited epidemiologic evidence in Asians. This study investigated the association of intakes of vegetables, fruits, and their nutrients on the risk of incident dementia and its subtypes in a Japanese community.

Methods

A total of 1071 participants (452 men and 619 women) aged ≥60 years without dementia at baseline were prospectively followed up for 24 years. Intakes of vegetables, fruits, and nutrients were evaluated using a 70-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline and were categorized into quartiles separately by gender. The outcome measure was the development of dementia and its subtypes—namely, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). The risk estimates of incident dementia were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

During the long-term follow-up period, 464 subjects developed dementia, of whom 286 had AD and 144 had VaD. Higher vegetable intake was associated gradually with lower risk of developing dementia and AD (both P-trend < 0.05), but not VaD, after adjusting for confounders. Subjects allocated the highest quartile of vegetable intake had 27 and 31% lower risk of dementia and AD, respectively, than those with the lowest quartile. The risk of dementia decreased significantly with higher intakes of vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C, magnesium, calcium, and potassium (all P-trend < 0.05). Subjects with higher total dietary fiber intake tended to be at decreased risk for total dementia (P-trend = 0.07). Meanwhile, there were no significant associations between fruit intake and the risk of dementia and its subtypes.

Conclusion

Higher intakes of vegetables and their constituent nutrients were associated with a lower risk of dementia in Japanese older adults. A diet rich in vegetables may be beneficial in reducing the dementia risk in Asians.

DOI： 10.1186/s12877-022-02939-2

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その他リンク： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12877-022-02939-2/fulltext.html

記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Frontiers in Pharmacology  

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegeneration and is the most prevalent form of dementia. Intervention at an early stage is imperative. Although three acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are currently approved for the treatment of mild AD, they are not sufficiently effective. Novel treatments for mild AD are of utmost importance. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of hachimijiogan (HJG), a traditional Japanese herbal medicine (Kampo), in the treatment of mild AD. Methods: This exploratory, open-label, randomized, multicenter trial enrolled patients with mild AD whose score on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was over 21points. All participants had been taking the same dosage of AChEI for more than 3 months. The participants were randomly assigned to an HJG group taking HJG extract 7.5 g/day in addition to AChEI or to a control group treated only with AChEI. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 6 months post treatment initiation on the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive component- Japanese version(ADAS-Jcog). The secondary outcomes were change from baseline of the Instrumental Activity of Daily Life (IADL), Apathy scale, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) -Q score. Results: Among the 77 enrollees, the data of 69(34 HJG and 35 control)were available for analysis. The difference in the change of ADAS-Jcog from baseline to 6 months of the HJG and control groups was 1.29 (90% Confidence interval (CI), −0.74 to 3.32 p = 0.293). In the subgroup analysis, the differences in the change from baseline to 3 and 6 months for women were 3.70 (90% CI,0.50 to 6.91, p = 0.059) and 2.90 (90% CI,0.09 to 5.71, p = 0.090), respectively. For patients over 65 years, the difference at 3 months was 2.35 (90%CI, 0.01 to 4.68 p = 0.099). No significant differences were found between the HJG and control groups in IADL score, Apathy scale, or NPI-Q score. Conclusion: Although not conclusive, our data indicate that HJG has an adjuvant effect for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and that it delays the deterioration of the cognitive dysfunction of mild Altzheimer’s disease patients. Clinical Trial Registration: http://clinicaltrials.gov Japan Registry of clinical trials, identifier jRCTs 071190018.

DOI： 10.3389/fphar.2022.991982

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Scientific reports  

Physical frailty has been associated with adverse outcomes such as dementia. However, the underlying structural brain abnormalities of physical frailty are unclear. We investigated the relationship between physical frailty and structural brain abnormalities in 670 cognitively unimpaired individuals (mean age 70.1 years). Total brain volume (TBV), hippocampal volume (HV), total white matter hypointensities volume (WMHV), and estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV) on the 3D T1-weighted images were automatically computed using FreeSurfer software. Participants were divided into two states of physical frailty (robust vs. prefrail) based on the revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. The multivariable-adjusted mean values of the TBV-to-eTIV ratio was significantly decreased, whereas that of the WMHV-to-eTIV ratio was significantly increased in the prefrail group compared with the robust group. Slowness, one of the components of physical frailty, was significantly associated with reduced TBV-to-eTIV and HV-to-eTIV ratios, and slowness and weakness were significantly associated with an increased WMHV-to-eTIV ratio. Our results suggest that the prefrail state is significantly associated with global brain atrophy and white matter hypointensities. Furthermore, slowness was significantly associated with hippocampal atrophy.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-022-16190-7

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Scientific Reports  

We examined the association of serum s-adenosylmethionine (SAM), s-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) (methionine metabolites), and their ratio on the risk of dementia and death in a community-dwelling population of older Japanese individuals. 1371 residents of Hisayama, Japan, aged 65 years or older and without dementia, were followed for a median of 10.2 years (2007-2017). We divided serum SAM, SAH, and SAM/SAH ratio into quartiles. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of serum SAM, SAH, and SAM/SAH ratio levels on the risk of a composite outcome of all-cause dementia or death, and each outcome. During the follow-up, 635 participants developed all-cause dementia and/or died, of which 379 participants developed dementia and 394 deaths occurred. The multivariable-adjusted HRs of the composite outcome decreased significantly with increasing serum SAM levels (P for trend = 0.01), while they increased significantly with higher serum SAH levels (P for trend = 0.03). Higher serum SAM/SAH ratio levels were significantly associated with a lower risk of the composite outcome (P for trend = 0.002), as well as with lower risk of each outcome. Our findings suggest that the balance of methionine metabolites may closely associate with the risk of dementia and death.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-022-16242-y

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Ophthalmology Science  

PURPOSE: To assess the association of inner retinal thickness with prevalent dementia and regional brain atrophy in a general older population of Japanese. DESIGN: Population-based, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1078 residents aged 65 years or older who participated in an eye examination, a comprehensive survey of dementia, and brain magnetic resonance imaging scanning in 2017. METHODS: The thicknesses of the inner retinal layers, namely, the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL)-were measured by swept-source OCT (SS-OCT). The association of these retinal thicknesses with the risk of the presence of dementia was estimated using restricted cubic splines and logistic regression models. Regional brain volumes were estimated separately by applying 2 different methods: voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and analysis by FreeSurfer software. The associations of GC-IPL and RNFL thickness with each brain regional volume were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalent dementia and regional brain atrophy. RESULTS: Among the study participants, 61 participants (5.7&#37;) were diagnosed with dementia. The likelihood of the presence of dementia significantly increased with lower GC-IPL thickness after adjusting for potential confounders (odds ratio, 1.62 [95&#37; confidence interval, 1.30-2.01] per 1 standard deviation decrement in the GC-IPL thickness), but no significant association was observed with RNFL thickness. In the VBM analyses with the multivariable adjustment, lower GC-IPL thickness was significantly associated with lower volume of known brain regions related to cognitive functions (i.e., the hippocampus, amygdala, entorhinal area, and parahippocampal gyrus) and visual functions (i.e., the cuneus, lingual gyrus, and thalamus). Meanwhile, the volume of the thalamus significantly decreased with lower RNFL thickness, but none of the brain regions related to cognitive function exhibited a volume change in association with RNFL thickness. The sensitivity analysis using FreeSurfer analysis also showed that lower GC-IPL thickness was significantly associated with lower regional brain volume/intracranial volume of the hippocampus, amygdala, cuneus, lingual gyrus, and thalamus. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the measurement of GC-IPL thickness by SS-OCT, which is a noninvasive, convenient, and reproducible method, might be useful for identifying high-risk individuals with dementia.

DOI： 10.1016/j.xops.2022.100157

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本心身医学会総会ならびに学術講演会事務局  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Diabetes Care  

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between diabetes and gray matter atrophy patterns in a general older Japanese population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In 2012, a total of 1,189 community-dwelling Japanese aged ≥65 years underwent brain MRI scans. Regional gray matter volumes (GMV) and intracranial volume (ICV) were measured by applying voxel-based morphometry (VBM) methods. The associations of diabetes and related parameters with the regional GMV/ICV were examined using an ANCOVA. The regional gray matter atrophy patterns in the subjects with diabetes or elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or 2 h postload glucose (2hPG) levels were investigated using VBM. RESULTS: Subjects with diabetes had significantly lower mean values of GMV/ICV in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, insula, deep gray matter structures, and cerebellum than subjects without diabetes after adjusting for potential confounders. A longer duration of diabetes was also significantly associated with lower mean values of GMV/ICV in these brain regions. The multivariable-adjusted mean values of the temporal, insular, and deep GMV/ICV decreased significantly with elevating 2hPG levels, whereas higher FPG levels were not significantly associated with GMV/ICV of any brain regions. In the VBM analysis, diabetes was associated with gray matter atrophy in the bilateral superior temporal gyri, right middle temporal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, bilateral thalami, right caudate, and right cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS: The current study suggests that a longer duration of diabetes and elevated 2hPG levels are significant risk factors for gray matter atrophy in various brain regions.

DOI： 10.2337/dc21-1911

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of the American Geriatrics Society  

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the influence of serum level of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), which is a soluble type of an innate immune receptor expressed on the microglia, on the association of the daily sleep duration with the risk of dementia. METHODS: A total of 1230 Japanese community-residents aged 60 and older without dementia were followed prospectively for 10 years (2002-2012). Serum sTREM2 levels were divided into two groups using the median value (334.8 pg/ml). Self-reported daily sleep duration was grouped into three categories of <5.0, 5.0-7.9, and ≥8.0 h. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of daily sleep duration on the risk of dementia according to serum sTREM2 levels. RESULTS: During the follow-up, 262 subjects developed dementia. In subjects with low serum sTREM2 levels, subjects with ≥8.0 h of daily sleep had a significantly greater risk of dementia (multivariable-adjusted HR 2.05 [95% CI 1.32-3.19]) than those with 5.0-7.9 h of daily sleep, but those with <5.0 h did not. In contrast, the risk of dementia increased significantly in subjects with both <5.0 (1.95 [1.03-3.68]) and ≥8.0 h of daily sleep (1.48 [1.06-2.07]) in the subjects with high serum sTREM2 levels. CONCLUSIONS: The influence of daily sleep duration on risk of dementia differed according to serum sTREM2 levels in the older Japanese population. Short daily sleep may be associated with greater risk of dementia only in subjects with a high serum sTREM2 level.

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.17634

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Pain  

ABSTRACT: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is the leading cause of years lived with disability. Recently, it has been reported that CLBP is associated with alterations in the central nervous system. The present study aimed to investigate the association between CLBP and regional brain atrophy in an older Japanese population. A total of 1106 community-dwelling participants aged ≥65 years underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging scans and a health examination in 2017 to 2018. We used the FreeSurfer software for the analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging. Chronic pain was defined as subjective pain for ≥3 months. Participants were divided into 3 groups according to the presence or absence of chronic pain and the body part that mainly suffered from pain: a "no chronic pain (NCP)" group (n = 541), "CLBP" group (n = 189), and "chronic pain in body parts other than the lower back (OCP)" group (n = 376). The brain volumes of the ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the posterior cingulate gyrus, and the amygdala were significantly lower in the CLBP group than in the NCP group after adjustment for sociodemographic, physical, and lifestyle factors and depressive symptoms. In addition, the left superior frontal gyrus was identified as a significant cluster by the Query, Design, Estimate, Contrast interface. There were no significant differences in the brain volumes of pain-related regions between the NCP and the OCP groups. The present study suggests that CLBP is associated with lower brain volumes of pain-related regions in a general older population of Japanese.

DOI： 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002612

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Brain Pathology  

Previous studies have revealed risk for cognitive impairment in cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the relationship between degenerative changes of the brain and heart, with reference to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies, cardiac transthyretin amyloid (ATTR) deposition, and cardiac fibrosis. A total of 240 consecutive autopsy cases of a Japanese population-based study were examined. β amyloid (Aβ) of senile plaques, phosphorylated tau protein of neurofibrillary tangles, and ATTR in the hearts were immunohistochemically detected and graded according to the NIH-AA guideline for AD pathology and as Tanskanen reported, respectively. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) was graded according to the Vonsattel scale. Cardiac fibrosis was detected by picrosirius red staining, followed by image analysis. Cardiac ATTR deposition occurred after age 75 years and increased in an age-dependent manner. ATTR deposition was more common, and of higher grades, in the dementia cases. We subdivided the cases into two age groups: ≤90 years old (n = 173) and >90 years old (n = 67), which was the mean and median age at death of the AD cases. When adjusted for age and sex, TTR deposition grades correlated with Aβ phase score (A2-3), the Consortium to Establish a Registry for AD score (sparse to frequent), and high Braak stage (V-VI) only in those aged ≤90 years at death. No significant correlation was observed between the cardiac ATTR deposition and CAA stages, or between cardiac fibrosis and AD pathologies. Collectively, AD brain pathology correlated with cardiac TTR deposition among the older adults ≤90 years.

DOI： 10.1111/bpa.13014

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology  

Knowledge of aging-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG) in healthy elderly individuals remains incomplete and studies to date have not focused on the olfactory nerve, which is a vulnerable site of various neurodegenerative disease pathologies. We performed a semiquantitative evaluation of ARTAG in 110 autopsies in the Japanese general population (Hisayama study). Our analysis focused on Alzheimer disease (AD) and cognitive healthy cases (HC), including primary age-related tauopathy. Among the various diseased and nondiseased brains, ARTAG was frequently observed in the amygdala. The ARTAG of HC was exclusively limited to the amygdala whereas gray matter ARTAG in AD cases was prominent in the putamen and middle frontal gyrus following the amygdala. ARTAG of the olfactory nerve mainly consists of subpial pathology that was milder in the amygdala. A logistic regression analysis revealed that age at death and neurofibrillary tangle Braak stage significantly affected the ARTAG of HC. In AD, age at death and male gender had significant effects on ARTAG. In addition, the Thal phase significantly affected the presence of white matter ARTAG. In conclusion, our research revealed differences in the distribution of ARTAG and affected variables across AD and HC individuals.

DOI： 10.1093/jnen/nlab126

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Alzheimer's Disease  

Background: Glucose dysmetabolism is an important risk factor for dementia. Objective: We investigated the associations of diabetes mellitus, the levels of glycemic measures, and insulin resistance and secretion measures with dementia and its subtypes in a cross-sectional study. Methods: In this study, 10,214 community-dwelling participants were enrolled. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the HOMA of percent β-cell function (HOMA-β), and the glycated albumin (GA) was evaluated. The associations of each measure with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) were investigated. Results: The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of AD were significantly higher in participants with diabetes mellitus than in those without diabetes (1.46 [95% CI: 1.08-1.97]). Higher HbA1c levels were significantly associated with AD at diabetes (≥6.5%) and even at prediabetes (5.7 %-6.4 %) levels; multivariable-adjusted ORs for AD in participants at the diabetes level were 1.72 (95% CI: 1.19-2.49), and those in participants at the prediabetes level were 1.30 (95% CI: 1.00-1.68), compared with those in normal participants. Moreover, higher GA levels were associated with AD. No associations were observed between the diabetic status or the levels of glycemic measures and VaD. In addition, no significant relationships were observed between insulin resistance and secretion measurements and AD and VaD. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia are significantly associated with AD, even in individuals at the prediabetes level.

DOI： 10.3233/JAD-215153

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記述言語：その他   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry  

<sec><title>Objective</title>To assess the association of regional grey matter atrophy with dementia risk in a general older Japanese population.

</sec><sec><title>Methods</title>We followed 1158 dementia-free Japanese residents aged ≥65 years for 5.0 years. Regional grey matter volume (GMV) at baseline was estimated by applying voxel-based morphometry methods. The GMV-to-total brain volume ratio (GMV/TBV) was calculated, and its association with dementia risk was estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. We assessed whether the predictive ability of a model based on known dementia risk factors could be improved by adding the total number of regions with grey matter atrophy among dementia-related brain regions, where the cut-off value for grey matter atrophy in each region was determined by receiver operating characteristic curves.

</sec><sec><title>Results</title>During the follow-up, 113 participants developed all-cause dementia, including 83 with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Lower GMV/TBV of the medial temporal lobe, insula, hippocampus and amygdala were significantly/marginally associated with higher risk of all-cause dementia and AD (all p for trend ≤0.08). The risks of all-cause dementia and AD increased significantly with increasing total number of brain regions exhibiting grey matter atrophy (both p for trend <0.01). Adding the total number of regions with grey matter atrophy into a model consisting of known risk factors significantly improved the predictive ability for AD (Harrell’s c-statistics: 0.765–0.802; p=0.02).

</sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title>Our findings suggest that the total number of regions with grey matter atrophy among the medial temporal lobe, insula, hippocampus and amygdala is a significant predictor for developing dementia, especially AD, in the general older population.

</sec>

DOI： 10.1136/jnnp-2021-326611

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1038/s41440-021-00673-7

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-021-97918-9

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20190289

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1111/pcn.13204

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/jn/nxaa382

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jdi.13550

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.06.018

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/geronb/gbaa196

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1186/s12199-020-00903-3

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/JAHA.119.014659

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.08.016

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009917

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1136/jnnp-2019-322366

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1253/circj.CJ-19-1069

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/obr.12989

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/obr.12989

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1136/jnnp-2019-322366

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/JAHA.119.013841

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To investigate the association of alternative glycemic measures - namely, serum glycated albumin (GA), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c ) and the GA : HbA1c ratio - with global brain and hippocampal atrophy in a general elderly Japanese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,278 Japanese individuals aged ≥65 years in a community participated in brain magnetic resonance imaging scanning and screening examination of health status in 2012. We measured total brain volume (TBV), hippocampal volume (HV) and intracranial volume (ICV) using the data from the magnetic resonance imaging examination. The association of each glycemic measure with the ratios of TBV : ICV (an indicator of global brain atrophy) and HV : ICV (an indicator of hippocampal atrophy) was examined by analysis of covariance. RESULTS: The mean values of the TBV : ICV and HV : ICV ratios decreased significantly with elevating serum GA levels and GA : HbA1c ratio levels (all P for trend < 0.05), but not with higher HbA1c levels, after adjusting for age, sex, low education, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, diabetes mellitus, serum total cholesterol, electrocardiogram abnormalities, body mass index, smoking habits, alcohol drinking habits and regular exercise. These significant associations were still observed in the sensitivity analysis after excluding individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. In addition, increased serum GA levels and the GA : HbA1c ratio levels, but not HbA1c , were closely associated with lower mean values of the TBV : ICV and HV : ICV ratios, irrespective of the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that higher serum GA and higher GA : HbA1c ratio are significantly associated with global brain and hippocampal atrophy.

DOI： 10.1111/jdi.13220

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20180137

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.dadm.2019.04.008

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Tauopathy in basal ganglia involvement is exacerbated in a subset of patients with Alzheimer's disease: The Hisayama study.
Introduction: We have conducted the pathological cohort study of autopsied cases of Hisayama residents to reveal a recent trend of dementia-related pathology. We noticed a trend of putaminal involvement of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with parkinsonism. Then, we investigated the accurate prevalence of neurological diseases with putaminal AD pathology in the general population. Methods: We examined a series of 291 autopsies in the Hisayama study and performed image analysis of immunohistochemistry for microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) and amyloid β. Results: Approximately 65.6&#37; and 36.1&#37; of cases showed putaminal MAPT and amyloid deposits, respectively. Diffuse deposits of them were mainly found in the AD cases. Putaminal MAPT was highly associated with AD-related pathological criteria. Four of 22 cases with severe putaminal MAPT deposition were documented as having developed parkinsonism. Discussion: Severe MAPT accumulation in the basal ganglia was closely related to the development of AD pathology and could occur most frequently in AD cases without comorbidities.

DOI： 10.1016/j.dadm.2019.04.008

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0000000000008464

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Serum elaidic acid concentration and risk of dementia: The Hisayama study.
OBJECTIVE: The associations between trans fatty acids and dementia have been unclear. We investigated the prospective association between serum elaidic acid (trans 18:1 n-9) levels, as an objective biomarker for industrial trans fat, and incident dementia and its subtypes. METHODS: In total, 1,628 Japanese community residents aged 60 and older without dementia were followed prospectively from when they underwent a screening examination in 2002-2003 to November 2012 (median 10.3 years, interquartile range 7.2-10.4 years). Serum elaidic acid levels were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and divided into quartiles. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios for all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia by serum elaidic acid levels. RESULTS: During the follow-up, 377 participants developed some type of dementia (247 AD, 102 vascular dementia). Higher serum elaidic acid levels were significantly associated with greater risk of developing all-cause dementia (p for trend = 0.003) and AD (p for trend = 0.02) after adjustment for traditional risk factors. These associations remained significant after adjustment for dietary factors, including total energy intake and intakes of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (both p for trend <0.05). No significant associations were found between serum elaidic acid levels and vascular dementia. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that higher serum elaidic acid is a possible risk factor for the development of all-cause dementia and AD in later life. Public health policy to reduce industrially produced trans fatty acids may assist in the primary prevention of dementia.

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0000000000008464

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We examined the association between serum concentrations of β-alanine, a metabolite of carnosine and anserine, and the risk of dementia in a general population of elderly Japanese persons. In 2007, 1,475 residents of Hisayama, Japan, aged 60-79 years and without dementia were divided into 4 groups according to quartiles of serum β-alanine concentrations (quartile 1, lowest; quartile 4, highest) and followed for a median of 5.3 years. During follow-up, 117 subjects developed all-cause dementia (Alzheimer in 77 cases and vascular dementia in 31). The risk of all-cause dementia decreased with increasing serum β-alanine levels after adjustment for potential confounding factors (quartile 2, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.73 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45, 1.18); quartile 3, HR = 0.50 (95% CI: 0.28, 0.89); quartile 4, HR = 0.50 (95% CI: 0.27, 0.92); P = 0.01 for trend). A similar inverse association was observed for Alzheimer disease (quartile 2, HR = 0.78 (95% CI: 0.44, 1.38); quartile 3, HR = 0.53 (95% CI: 0.26, 1.06); quartile 4, HR = 0.53 (95% CI: 0.25, 1.10); P = 0.04 for trend) but not for vascular dementia. We found that higher serum β-alanine levels were significantly associated with lower risks of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease. Because serum β-alanine levels reflect intakes of carnosine/anserine, higher intakes of carnosine/anserine might be beneficial for the prevention of dementia.

DOI： 10.1093/aje/kwz116

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

NT-proBNP and Risk of Dementia in a General Japanese Elderly Population: The Hisayama Study.
Background Epidemiological evidence implies a link between heart disease and dementia. However, few prospective studies have assessed the association between serum NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) levels and dementia. Methods and Results A total of 1635 community-dwelling Japanese elderly aged ≥60 years without dementia (57&#37; women, mean age±SD 70.8±7.7 years) were followed up for 10 years. Serum NT-proBNP levels were divided into 4 categories (≤54, 55-124, 125-299, and ≥300 pg/mL). The hazard ratios were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model. During the follow-up period, 377 subjects developed all-cause dementia, 247 Alzheimer disease, and 102 vascular dementia. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of all-cause dementia was 31.5 per 1000 person-years and increased significantly with higher serum NT-proBNP levels, being 16.4, 32.0, 35.7, and 45.5, respectively (P for trend <0.01). Subjects with serum NT-proBNP levels of ≥300 pg/mL had a significantly higher risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio=2.46, 95&#37; CI 1.63-3.71) than those with serum NT-proBNP levels of ≤54 pg/mL after adjusting for confounders. Similar risks were observed for Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. Incorporation of the serum NT-proBNP level into a model with known risk factors for dementia significantly improved the predictive ability for incident dementia (c-statistics 0.780-0.787, P=0.02; net reclassification improvement 0.189, P=0.001; integrated discrimination improvement 0.011, P=0.003). Conclusions Higher serum NT-proBNP levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of dementia. Serum NT-proBNP could be a novel biomarker for predicting future risk of dementia in the general elderly population.

DOI： 10.1161/JAHA.118.011652

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/JAHA.118.011652

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Objective: We estimated secular trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and prediabetes, and examined potential explanatory factors for these trends in a Japanese community. Methods: 4 cross-sectional examinations were conducted among subjects aged 40–79 years in 1988 (n = 2,490), 2002 (n = 2,856), 2007 (n = 2,761), and 2012 (n = 2,644). Glucose tolerance status was defined by a 75g oral glucose tolerance test. Results: The age-standardized prevalence of T2DM increased significantly in both sexes from 1988 to 2002, and thereafter it remained stable in men, and decreased nonsignificantly in women from 2002 to 2012. The age-standardized prevalence of prediabetes in men increased significantly between 1988 and 2002, but then decreased significantly. A similar trend was observed in women. The age-specific prevalence of T2DM increased greatly in men aged 60–79 years and women aged 70–79 years from 1988 to 2002, and then plateaued at a high level, while a significant decreasing trend was observed in women aged 40–49 years. The mean values of body mass index (BMI) increased steeply in these elderly subjects from 1988 to 2002, and remained at a high level, whereas those in middle-aged women decreased appreciably over the study period. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that in Japanese, there was no further increase in the prevalence of T2DM or prediabetes in either men or women in the 2000s. Secular change in the BMI level was likely to contribute to trends in the prevalence of T2DM, and thus the management of obesity may be important to reduce the prevalence of T2DM.

DOI： 10.1007/s13340-018-0380-0

記述言語：その他  

Trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in a Japanese community, 1988-2012: the Hisayama Study.

DOI： 10.1007/s13340-018-0380-0

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/ajcn/nqz040

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Dairy consumption and risk of functional disability in an elderly Japanese population: the Hisayama Study.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the association between dairy intake and risk of functional disability in the elderly. OBJECTIVES: We examined the influence of dairy intake on the development of declining functional capacity and activities of daily living (ADL) in a prospective cohort study of an elderly population. METHODS: A total of 859 community-dwelling Japanese residents, aged ≥65 y without functional disability, were followed up for 7 y. Functional capacity impairment was defined as a Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence score of ≤12, and ADL disability was defined as a Barthel Index score of ≤95. Dairy intake was evaluated using a 150-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, grouped into quartiles. The RR of dairy intake on incident functional disability was computed using a Poisson regression model. RESULTS: The multivariable-adjusted RR of impaired functional capacity decreased significantly with increasing dairy intake levels (RR [95&#37; CI]: quartile 1, 1.00 [reference]; quartile 2, 0.85 [0.71, 1.02]; quartile 3, 0.81 [0.68, 0.98]; and quartile 4, 0.74 [0.61, 0.90]; P-trend = 0.001). Regarding the three subscales of functional capacity, the inverse association between dairy intake and risk for impairment of intellectual activity and social role remained significant (P-trend = 0.0009 and 0.02, respectively), but such an association was not observed for instrumental ADL. The multivariable-adjusted risk of ADL disability also decreased weakly but significantly with elevating dairy intake (P-trend = 0.04). A similar association was seen for severity of functional disability (P-trend = 0.002). However, the magnitude of these associations was attenuated after further adjustment for protein intake. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that higher dairy intake is associated with a lower risk of functional disability and its progression in the elderly, probably via an increase in protein intake.

DOI： 10.1093/ajcn/nqz040

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jdi.12968

記述言語：その他  

Objectively measured sedentary time and diabetes mellitus in a general Japanese population: The Hisayama Study.

DOI： 10.1111/jdi.12968

記述言語：その他  

DOI： 10.1093/aje/kwz116

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/epi4.12295

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Prevalence of adult epilepsy in a general Japanese population: The Hisayama study.
The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence and causes of adult epilepsy in a general Japanese population. We examined a total of 3333 Japanese residents in the town of Hisayama aged ≥40 years in 2012-2013. The examination was performed mainly at the municipal center for health promotion, but some subjects were examined in their homes, hospitals, or nursing homes. Twenty-three subjects had a diagnosis of epilepsy. The prevalence (95&#37; confidence interval [CI]) of epilepsy per 1000 was 6.9 (4.1-9.7) in total, 4.9 (1.3-8.5) in men, and 8.4 (4.3-12.5) in women (P = 0.23 between sexes). The prevalence of epilepsy was significantly higher in the elderly (aged ≥65 years; 10.3 per 1000 [95&#37; CI 5.4-15.1]) than in the middle-aged (aged 40-64 years; 3.6 per 1000 [95&#37; CI 0.7-6.4]; P = 0.02). The major cause of epilepsy was cerebrovascular diseases (n = 11; 48&#37; of the epilepsy patients). More than half of the epilepsy patients experienced the first episode of seizure in older age (≥65 years; n = 13; 57&#37;). The findings of this study suggest the clinical importance of the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases to reduce the burden of epilepsy in the future.

DOI： 10.1002/epi4.12295

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Serum Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 as a Biomarker for Incident Dementia: The Hisayama Study.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), a soluble type of an innate immune receptor expressed on the microglia, and the risk of dementia. METHODS: A total of 1,349 Japanese community residents aged 60 and older without dementia were followed prospectively for 10 years (2002-2012). Serum sTREM2 levels were quantified by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and divided into quartiles. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of serum sTREM2 levels on the risk of dementia. RESULTS: During the follow-up, 300 subjects developed all-cause dementia; 193 had Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 85 had vascular dementia (VaD). The age- and sex-adjusted incidences of all-cause dementia, AD, and VaD elevated significantly with higher serum sTREM2 levels (all p for trend < 0.012). These associations were not altered after adjustment for confounding factors, including high-sensitive C-reactive protein. Subjects with the highest quartile of serum sTREM2 levels had significantly higher multivariable-adjusted risks of developing all-cause dementia, AD, and VaD than those with the lowest quartile (HR = 2.03, 95&#37; confidence interval [CI] = 1.39-2.97, p < 0.001 for all-cause dementia; HR = 1.62, 95&#37; CI = 1.02-2.55, p = 0.04 for AD; HR = 2.85, 95&#37; CI = 1.35-6.02, p = 0.006 for VaD). No significant heterogeneity in the association of serum sTREM2 levels with the development of dementia was observed among the other risk factor subgroups (all p for heterogeneity > 0.11). INTERPRETATION: The present findings suggest a significant association between increased serum sTREM2 levels and the risk of developing all-cause dementia, AD, and VaD in the general elderly Japanese population. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:47-58.

DOI： 10.1002/ana.25385

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Decline in handgrip strength from midlife to late-life is associated with dementia in a Japanese community: the Hisayama Study.
BACKGROUND: The association between decline in handgrip strength from midlife to late life and dementia is unclear. METHODS: Japanese community-dwellers without dementia aged 60 to 79 years (ie, individuals in late life; mean age, 68 years) were followed for 24 years (1988-2012) (n = 1,055); 835 of them had participated in a health examination in 1973-1974 (mean age, 53 years), and these earlier data were used for the midlife analysis. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, we estimated the risk conferred by a decline in handgrip strength over a 15-year period (1973-74 to 1988) from midlife to late life on the development of total dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) over the late-life follow-up period from 1988 to 2012. RESULTS: During the follow-up, 368 subjects experienced total dementia. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of total dementia increased significantly with greater decline in handgrip strength (increased or unchanged handgrip strength [≥+0&#37;] 25.1, mildly decreased [-14 to -1&#37;] 28.4, and severely decreased [≤-15&#37;] 38.9 per 1,000 person-years). A greater decline in handgrip strength was significantly associated with higher risk of total dementia after adjusting for potential confounding factors; subjects with severely decreased handgrip strength had 1.51-fold (95&#37; confidence interval, 1.14-1.99, P < 0.01) increased risk of total dementia compared to those with increased or unchanged handgrip strength. Similar significant findings were observed for AD, but not for VaD. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a greater decline in handgrip strength from midlife to late life is an important indicator for late-life onset of dementia.

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20180137

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.15558

記述言語：その他  

Reply to "Long sleep duration: An epiphenomenon or a risk for dementia?"

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.15558

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1186/s13643-018-0811-9

記述言語：その他  

Association Between Daily Sleep Duration and Risk of Dementia and Mortality in a Japanese Community.

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.15446

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.004

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.004

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurological disease that causes dementia in humans. Although the reports of associated pathological genes have been increasing, the molecular mechanism leading to the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in human brain is still not well understood. To identify novel genes that cause accumulation of Aβ in AD patients, we conducted an integrative analysis by combining a human genetic association study and transcriptome analysis in mouse brain. First, we examined genome-wide gene expression levels in the hippocampus, comparing them to amyloid Aβ level in mice with mixed genetic backgrounds. Next, based on a GWAS statistics obtained by a previous study with human AD subjects, we obtained gene-based statistics from the SNP-based statistics. We combined p values from the two types of analysis across orthologous gene pairs in human and mouse into one p value for each gene to evaluate AD susceptibility. As a result, we found five genes with significant p values in this integrated analysis among the 373 genes analyzed. We also examined the gene expression level of these five genes in the hippocampus of independent human AD cases and control subjects. Two genes, LBH and SHF, showed lower expression levels in AD cases than control subjects. This is consistent with the gene expression levels of both the genes in mouse which were negatively correlated with Aβ accumulation. These results, obtained from the integrative approach, suggest that LBH and SHF are associated with the AD pathogenesis.

DOI： 10.1007/s00439-018-1906-z

記述言語：その他  

DOI： 10.1007/s00439-018-1906-z

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000464

記述言語：その他  

Prevalence of and risk factors for cerebral microbleeds in a general Japanese elderly community.

DOI： 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000464

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/s10120-017-0768-8

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/s10120-017-0768-8

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.nut.2017.09.003

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.nut.2017.09.003

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/JAHA.117.006693

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/JAHA.117.006693

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-017-17999-3

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.je.2017.01.004

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-017-17999-3

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004590

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004590

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1253/circj.CJ-16-0954

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1210/jc.2017-00439

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.025667

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1210/jc.2017-00439

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.016059

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1038/nrneurol.2017.63

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.016059

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.14791

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003932

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.14791

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background: Few studies have investigated the association between serum vitamin D levels and mortality in general Asian populations. Methods and Results: We examined the association of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)₂D) levels with the risk of all-cause and cause-specific death in an average 9.5-year follow-up study of 3,292 community-dwelling Japanese subjects aged ≥40 years (2002-2012). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause death increased significantly with lower serum 1,25(OH)₂D levels (HR 1.54 [95% confidence interval, 1.18-2.01] for the lowest quartile, 1.31 [0.99-1.73] for the 2nd quartile, 0.94 [0.70-1.25] for the 3rd quartile, 1.00 [Ref.] for highest quartile; P for trend <0.001). A similar association was observed for cardiovascular and respiratory infection death (both P for trend <0.01), but not for cancer death or death from other causes. In the stratified analysis, the association between lower serum 1,25(OH)₂D levels and the risk of respiratory infection death was stronger in subjects with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m² than in those with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m²; there was a significant heterogeneity in the association between eGFR levels (P for heterogeneity=0.04). Conclusions: The findings suggested that a lower serum 1,25(OH)₂D level is a potential risk factor for all-cause death, especially cardiovascular and respiratory infection death, in the general Japanese population, and that lower serum 1,25(OH)²D levels greatly increase the risk of respiratory infection death in subjects with kidney dysfunction.

DOI： 10.1253/circj.CJ-16-0954

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.je.2017.01.004

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.3233/JAD-160521

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.18632/oncotarget.22993

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20150258

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2337/dc15-2800

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2337/dc15-2800

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/ATVBAHA.116.307291

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/neup.12298

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/neup.12298

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/ATVBAHA.116.307291

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We investigated the trends in dementia over the past 29 years in the town of Hisayama, Japan using 1266 autopsy specimens. The Hisayama study is a prospective cohort study of lifestyle-related diseases that was started in 1961. Clinical examination of dementia was started in 1985 with five detailed cross-sectional assessments conducted in 1985, 1992, 1998, 2005 and 2012. To examine the trends in dementia, we divided the 1266 autopsy samples into five groups according to the year of death: I (1986–1991, 257 cases), II (1992–1997, 268 cases), III (1998–2004, 318 cases), IV (2005–2011, 296 cases) and V (2012–2014, 127 cases). The prevalence of all-cause dementia significantly increased over time (28.4% in group I, 22.4% in group II, 32.1% in group III, 30.1% in group IV, 51.2% in group V; P for trend <0.001). A similar trend was observed for Alzheimer's disease (AD) (15.2%, 11.9%, 17.3%, 20.6% and 33.1%, respectively; P for trend <0.001). A significant increasing trend was observed in both men and women. A rapid increase in senile dementia of the NFT type (SD-NFT) in recent years was notable. Vascular dementia was the most common type of dementia in men prior to 2004; however, its prevalence decreased over time. Our study revealed that tauopathies, including AD and SD-NFT, significantly increased in the aged Japanese population over the course of this study. The neuritic plaque pathology of AD was associated with metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and abnormal lipid metabolism, whereas the risk factors for tau pathology remain unclear. Although aging is considered one of the important risk factors accelerating tau pathology, there could be other risk factors associated with lifestyle diseases.

DOI： 10.1111/neup.12298

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.11477/mf.1416200500

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.2337/dc15-2800

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/s10654-016-0125-y

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/s10654-016-0125-y

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2337/dc15-1588

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2337/dc15-1588

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2188/jea. JE20150258

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20150258

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.13794

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1097/YPG.0000000000000090

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1097/YPG.0000000000000090

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.13163

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/cercor/bht101

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.12887

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/cercor/bht101

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.13163

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.12887

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.03.033

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.13020031

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.09.023

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.09.023

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（その他学術会議資料等）  

DOI： 10.1109/EMBC.2013.6611198

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1186/1471-2458-13-862

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1186/1471-2458-13-862

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1212/CPJ.0b013e3182a1ba12

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.3945/ajcn.112.045575

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.3945/ajcn.112.045575

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1097/YPG.0b013e3283586215

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04061.x

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04061.x

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.163055

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.163055

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03405.x

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.18.4.557

記述言語：日本語   著書種別：学術書

記述言語：日本語   著書種別：学術書

記述言語：日本語   著書種別：学術書

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：つくば国際会議場   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：アクロス福岡国際会議場   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：福岡   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：松山市   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡市   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：福岡国際会議場   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

開催地：福岡市   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北九州国際会議場   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡市   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：コクヨショールーム   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：東京カンファレンスセンター品川   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡市   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡市   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡   国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡市   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年4月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年4月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年4月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年4月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年4月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2024年4月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2023年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2022年6月 - 2023年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：京都市   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：名古屋市   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：横浜市   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：名古屋市   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2021年3月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：福岡市   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年12月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年12月

記述言語：日本語  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年8月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年7月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：福岡市   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：名古屋   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：名古屋   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：仙台   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：名古屋   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：東京都   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2020年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：東京都   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：佐賀市   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

開催地：岡山市   国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年6月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

開催年月日： 2016年6月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

記述言語：英語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

記述言語：英語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（公募）  

国名：日本国  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)ワールドプランニング  

本邦4地域に在住する地域高齢住民を対象とした認知症の地域悉皆調査の成績によると,2022～2023年における軽度認知障害(MCI)の有病率(性年齢調整後)は15.5%であった.MCIはあくまでその時点における状態であり,認知症にprogressionしたり,正常にreversionしたりする.地域住民の追跡調査におけるMCIから正常へのreversion率や認知症へのprogression率はそれぞれ10～46%,4～38%であり,MCIと診断されても生活習慣病の管理に加えて余暇時の運動や社会活動への参加など健康的なライフスタイルが認知機能低下のリスク低減につながることが示唆された.(著者抄録)

記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：日本脳血管・認知症学会  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：医歯薬出版(株)  

アルツハイマー病(AD)は,認知症のなかで最も頻度の高い神経変性疾患である.ADの発症において,常染色体優性遺伝ADはわずか1%にすぎず,そのほとんどが複数の感受性遺伝子とさまざまな環境因子が関与する複合病態であることがわかっている.既報の研究から,ADの最も強力な遺伝的危険因子であるAPOE-ε4対立遺伝子を有していても高い教育,禁煙,多様性に富む健康的な食習慣が,その遺伝的リスクを低減することが示唆される.さらに既報の遺伝的危険因子を用いたポリジェニックリスクスコア(PRS)と環境要因の遺伝-環境相互作用について検討した報告から,遺伝的リスクが高い状態であっても健康的な生活習慣の意識と実践により,認知症の発症リスクが修飾できる可能性がある.さらなる基礎・臨床研究を通じて認知症の遺伝的リスクに応じたリスク低減の方法が開発され,その予防法が社会実装されることに期待したい.(著者抄録)

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)日本臨床社  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)アークメディア  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)ワールドプランニング  

認知症の疫学研究は,循環器疾患や悪性腫瘍の疫学研究に比べ,その疾患特異的な特徴や社会的偏見から研究数は少ない.欧米を中心とした認知症の追跡調査の成績から認知症発症と関連する因子として,高血圧,糖尿病,高コレステロール血症,喫煙,飲酒,うつ病,孤独感,睡眠,運動習慣,食習慣が挙げられる.認知症の発症リスクを低減してその社会的負担の増大を抑制するためには,中年期から生活習慣病の予防とその適切な管理に加えて健康的な生活習慣を心がけることが大切である.(著者抄録)

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)世論時報社  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：大道学館出版部  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)医学出版  

国内外の前向きコホート研究の成績から,糖尿病は認知症発症の危険因子であることが示唆される.福岡県久山町で継続中の疫学調査の成績を用いて両者の関係を検討した結果,糖尿病は認知症,とくにアルツハイマー型認知症発症の有意な危険因子だった.血糖レベル別の検討では,空腹時血糖値と認知症発症の関連は認められなかったが,糖負荷後2時間血糖値の上昇と認知症発症の間に有意な正の関連が認められた.また,剖検脳を用いた検討では,生前の糖尿病関連因子(糖負荷後2時間血糖値や空腹時インスリン値など)の上昇は老人斑沈着と有意に関連した.さらに,頭部MRIを用いた脳画像研究では,糖負荷後2時間血糖値の上昇と糖尿病の罹病期間の延長が海馬や側頭葉などの認知症に関わる脳部位の容積低下と有意に関連していた.認知症の社会的負担を軽減するために,糖尿病の予防とその適切な管理が重要と考えられる.(著者抄録)

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)ワールドプランニング  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)ワールドプランニング  

軽度認知障害(MCI)の調査は対象集団の選定により結果が大きく異なる.本邦8地域に在住する地域高齢住民を対象としたコホート研究の成績によると,2016～2018年におけるMCI(non-amnestic含む)の粗有病率は17.0%であった.地域住民の追跡調査におけるMCIから正常へのreversion率や認知症へのprogression率はそれぞれ10～44%,4～38%であり,MCIと診断されても生活習慣病の管理に加えて余暇時の運動や社会活動への参加など,健康的なライフスタイルが認知機能低下のリスク低減につながることが示唆された.(著者抄録)

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(有)科学評論社  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)ライフ・サイエンス  

認知症の発症リスクを低減し、その社会的負担を軽減することは喫緊の課題である。生活習慣病や生活習慣と認知症の関係を検討した国内外の追跡研究の成績によると、高血圧(特に中年期)、糖尿病、喫煙習慣は認知症発症の有意な危険因子であった。一方、運動習慣や多様性に富む食習慣を有する人では、認知症の発症リスクが有意に低かった。これらの疫学データの知見より、認知症の発症リスクを低減する上で、禁煙、定期的な運動、多様性に富む食習慣などの健康的な生活習慣を心掛けるとともに、高血圧や糖尿病などの生活習慣病の予防とその適切な管理を行うことが重要であると考えられる。(著者抄録)

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)日本臨床社  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

Alzheimer病(AD)は加齢と密接に関連する神経変性疾患である.久山町研究を含む国内外の追跡調査の成績によると,アポリポタンパクE(APOE-ε4),糖尿病,喫煙,うつ症状はAD発症の有意な危険因子であった.一方,運動および和食+野菜+牛乳・乳製品という食事パターンとAD発症の間に,有意な負の関連が存在した.つまり,加齢や遺伝的要因に基づくADのリスクは,生活習慣病の予防や生活習慣の是正によって軽減できる可能性がある.(著者抄録)

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

DOI： 10.7600/jspfsm.65.50

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.13163

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.03.033

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

種別：大会・シンポジウム等