Language：English   Publisher：Psychiatry Research - Neuroimaging  

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by structural alteration within white matter tissues of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical, temporal and occipital circuits. However, the presence of microstructural changes in the white matter tracts of unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with OCD as a vulnerability marker remains unclear. Therefore, here, diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) data were obtained from 29 first-degree relatives of patients with OCD and 59 healthy controls. We investigated the group differences in FA using whole-brain analysis (DTI analysis). For additional regions of interest (ROI) analysis, we focused on the posterior thalamic radiation and sagittal stratum, shown in recent meta-analysis of patients with OCD. In both whole-brain and ROI analyses, using a strict statistical threshold (family-wise error rate [FWE] corrected p<.05 for whole-brain analyses, and p<.0125 (0.05/4) with Bonferroni correction for ROI analyses), we found no significant group differences in FA. Subtle reductions were observed in the anterior corona radiata, forceps minor, cingulum bundle, and corpus callosum only when a lenient statistical was applied (FWE corrected p<.20). These findings suggest that alterations in the white matter microstructure of first-degree relatives, as potential vulnerability markers for OCD, are likely subtle.

DOI： 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111884

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PubMed

Language：English   Publisher：Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports  

The aim of this scoping review was to synthesize published studies and ongoing clinical trials of psychological interventions for mental health problems associated with COVID-19 infection. The study protocol was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews. We conducted systematic searches for studies published or registered between January 2020 and October 2022 using eight scientific databases and clinical trial registries, which identified 40 complete published studies and 53 ongoing clinical trials. We found that most studies were randomized controlled trials (74%) while the remaining used study designs of lower methodological quality. Most studies investigated interventions for acute COVID-19 patients (74%) and others explored post-COVID conditions (PCC) or recovered patients. Cognitive and behavioral therapies were the main intervention approaches (31%), followed by multidisciplinary programs (21%) and mindfulness (17%). The most frequently evaluated outcomes were anxiety (33%), depression (26%), quality of life (13%), and insomnia (10%). No studies on youths, older people, or marginalized communities were found. These findings summarize the burgeoning research on a range of psychological interventions for individuals infected with COVID-19. However, the field is in its infancy and further research to develop an evidence base for targeted care is necessary. The gaps identified in the current study also highlight the need for more research on youths, older people, and members of marginalized communities, and PCC patients. It is important to ascertain interventions and delivery strategies that are not only effective and affordable but also allow high scalability and accessibility.

DOI： 10.1002/pcn5.223

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Language：English   Publisher：John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd  

Language：English   Publisher：Frontiers in Psychiatry  

Background: Hoarding disorder (HD) is characterized by cognitive control impairments and abnormal brain activity in the insula and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during disposal of personal items or certain executive function tasks. However, whether there are any changes in resting-state functional connectivity of the insula and ACC remains unclear. Methods: A total of 55 subjects, including 24 patients with HD and 31 healthy controls (HCs), participated in the study. We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data and examined group differences in functional connectivity from the insula and ACC in whole-brain voxels. Results: In patients with HD, functional connectivity was significantly lower between the right insula and right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and left superior temporal gyrus (STG) compared to HCs. There was no correlation between these connectivities and HD symptoms. Conclusions: Although the clinical implication is uncertain, our results suggest that patients with HD have resting-state functional alterations between the insula and IFG and STG, corresponding with the results of previous fMRI studies. These findings provide new insight into the neurobiological basis of HD.

DOI： 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1399062

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Language：English   Publisher：Journal of Psychiatric Research  

This retrospective cohort study examined the incidence of post-COVID psychiatric disorders in older adults according to hospitalization status and SARS-CoV-2 variant period in Japan. Claims data, COVID-19 case-related information, and vaccination records were obtained from three Japanese municipalities. We identified individuals aged ≥65 years who had COVID-19 or other respiratory tract infection (RTI) between March 2021 and December 2022. Participants were categorized into non-hospitalized and hospitalized patients, and the study period was divided into the Alpha (March to May 2021), Delta (June to December 2021), Omicron BA.1/BA.2 (January to June 2022), and Omicron BA.5 (July to December 2022) periods. Modified Poisson regression analyses were performed to estimate the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for the occurrence of psychiatric disorders (organic mental disorders, psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and insomnia) three months after COVID-19 (reference: other RTI). For overall psychiatric disorders, we analyzed 19,489 non-hospitalized patients (COVID-19: 6,728, Other RTI: 12,761) and 2925 hospitalized patients (COVID-19: 1,036, Other RTI: 1889). When compared with other RTI cases, COVID-19 cases had significantly lower IRRs for overall psychiatric disorders in both non-hospitalized (IRR: 0.59, P < 0.001) and hospitalized cases (IRR: 0. 83, P = 0.045) during the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 period, but only in non-hospitalized cases (IRR: 0.45, P < 0.001) during the Omicron BA.5 period. The incidences of the individual post-COVID psychiatric disorders varied according to disorder type, hospitalization status, and SARS-CoV-2 variant period. These findings provide a foundation for further research to explore these variations and improve the provision of psychiatric care in future epidemics.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.010

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PubMed

Publisher：診断と治療社  

DOI： 10.34433/dt.0000000674

CiNii Research

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publisher：Brain, Behavior, and Immunity  

Background: The associations between COVID-19 vaccination and post-COVID psychiatric disorders are unclear. Furthermore, it is uncertain if these associations differ depending on the dominant SARS-CoV-2 variant at the time of infection. This retrospective cohort study aimed to clarify the associations between COVID-19 vaccination and incident psychiatric disorders after breakthrough infection according to the different variant periods in Japan. Methods: Medical claims data, COVID-19 case-related information, and vaccination records were collected from three Japanese municipalities. The study population comprised public insurance enrollees aged ≥65 years who developed COVID-19 between June 2021 and December 2022. The study exposure was each participant's vaccination status 14 days before infection, and the outcomes were the occurrence of psychiatric disorders within three months of infection. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of vaccination for the occurrence of psychiatric disorders. Analyses were conducted for the Delta period (June to December 2021), Omicron BA.1/BA.2 period (January to June 2022), and Omicron BA.5 period (July to December 2022). Results: We analyzed 270 participants (vaccinated: 149) in the Delta period, 2,963 participants (vaccinated: 2,699) in the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 period, and 7,723 participants (vaccinated: 7,159) in the Omicron BA.5 period. During the Delta period, vaccinated participants had significantly lower odds for psychotic disorders (OR: 0.23, 95 % CI: 0.06–0.88, P = 0.032) than unvaccinated participants. During the Omicron BA.5 period, vaccinated participants had significantly lower odds for organic mental disorders (OR: 0.54, 95 % CI: 0.30–0.95, P = 0.033), psychotic disorders (OR: 0.31, 95 % CI: 0.19–0.53, P < 0.001), mood disorders (OR: 0.53, 95 % CI: 0.29–0.99, P = 0.046), and insomnia (OR: 0.48, 95 % CI: 0.32–0.72, P < 0.001) than unvaccinated participants. There were no significant differences in psychiatric disorders between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups during the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 period. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate that the associations between COVID-19 vaccination and post-COVID psychiatric disorders vary among the different variant periods. Future studies on these associations should be conducted with consideration to the prevalent circulating variants.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.018

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society of Circulation Control in Medicine  

  Sudden cardiac death is disproportionately common among patients with mental disorders. This review focuses on schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety disorders, providing a comprehensive summary of the relationship between these conditions and ischemic heart disease and fatal arrhythmia. Schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety disorders involve mechanisms that may trigger the onset of circulatory issues. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that the psychotropic medications commonly used to treat these conditions may contribute to the development of cardiovascular complications. Several factors have been implicated in this increased risk. Patients with mental disorders often exhibit genetic predispositions, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, inflammatory responses, and heightened stress responses, all of which can negatively affect cardiovascular health. Unhealthy lifestyle habits, such as smoking, poor diet, and lack of physical activity, also play a significant role. Moreover, psychotropic medications can influence neurotransmitter systems, such as those involving monoamines, and block sodium and potassium channels, contributing to the risk of cardiac arrhythmia and other cardiovascular complications. Given these complexities, regular electrocardiogram monitoring is crucial for patients on psychotropic medications, particularly for patients receiving treatments known to affect cardiac function. Preventive strategies, including lifestyle modification and careful medication management, are necessary to reduce the incidence of sudden cardiac events. A deeper understanding and closer monitoring of these risks may improve the management of both mental and physical health in patients with mental disorders.

DOI： 10.11312/ccm.45.107

CiNii Research

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Psychiatry Research - Neuroimaging  

Recent evidence suggests that broad brain regions, not limited to the fronto-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit, play an important role in motor response inhibition. However, it is still unclear which specific key brain region is responsible for impaired motor response inhibition observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We calculated the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and measured response inhibition ability using the stop-signal task in 41 medication-free patients with OCD and 49 healthy control (HC) participants. We explored the brain region that shows different association between the fALFF and the ability of motor response inhibition. Significant differences in fALFF associated with the ability of motor response inhibition were identified in dorsal posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). There was a positive correlation between increased fALFF in the dorsal PCC and impaired motor response inhibition in OCD. In the HC group, there was a negative correlation between the two variables. Our results suggest that the magnitude of resting-state blood oxygen level-dependent oscillation of the dorsal PCC is a key brain region for the underlying mechanisms of impaired motor response inhibition in OCD. Future studies should examine whether this characteristic of dorsal PCC affects other large-scale networks responsible for motor response inhibition of OCD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111669

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Language：English   Publisher：Cerebral Cortex  

Gyrification patterns ref lect early neurodevelopment and could be highly heritable. While some discrepant results have been reported, the most consistent finding was that patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder showed altered gyrification patterns in the orbitofrontal cortex. Nevertheless, no study has investigated the alterations in gyrification in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. We measured local gyrification by the FreeSurfer software in 23 unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 52 healthy control participants. We explored differences in the local gyrification index using vertex-wise whole-brain analysis and a region of interest-based approach in the medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex. There was no significant difference in the local gyrification index between the 2 groups in the vertex-wise whole-brain analysis. Region of interest analyses showed that, compared with healthy controls, first-degree relatives showed significantly reduced local gyrification index in the left medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex. A negative correlation was observed between the reduced local gyrification index in lateral orbitofrontal cortex and the subclinical anxiety scores of first-degree relatives. Our results showed that first-degree relatives of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder had an altered local gyrification index in the orbitofrontal cortex. Especially, reduced local gyrification index in lateral orbitofrontal cortex associated with subclinical anxiety symptom could be a potential neurodevelopmental marker for the illness onset.

DOI： 10.1093/cercor/bhad170

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph19159083.

Language：English   Publisher：Cerebral Cortex  

Previous studies have suggested that specific fronto-striatal circuits are associated with impaired motor response inhibition in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and their relatives. However, no study has investigated the underlying resting-state network associated with motor response inhibition in the unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with OCD. We measured motor response inhibition using stop-signal task, and obtained resting-state fMRI in 23 first-degree relatives and 52 healthy control participants. We explored the group differences in the functional network from seed regions-of-interest (ROIs) associated with motor response inhibition abilities. We used the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) as seed-ROIs. A significant group difference was observed in functional connectivity between the pre-SMA and inferior parietal lobule. In the relative group, reduced functional connectivity between these areas was associated with a longer stop-signal reaction time. Additionally, relatives showed significantly greater functional connectivity between the IFG and SMA, precentral, and postcentral areas. Our results could provide new insights into the resting-state neural activity of the pre-SMA underlying impaired motor response inhibition of unaffected first-degree relatives. In addition, our results suggested that relatives have an altered connectivity of the sensorimotor region, similar to that of patients with OCD shown in previous literature.

DOI： 10.1093/cercor/bhad058

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers in Psychiatry  

Background: Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have deficits in decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). However, no study has investigated the parameters of the prospect valence learning (PVL) model in the IGT for OCD. Aims: This study aimed to investigate deficits in decision-making in OCD using the PVL model and identify whether the parameters of the PVL model were associated with obsessive-compulsive severity. Methods: Forty-seven medication-free patients with OCD were compared with 47 healthy controls (HCs). Decision-making was measured using the total net and block net scores of the IGT. A PVL model with a decay-reinforcement learning rule (PVL-DecayRI) was used to investigate the parameters of the model. Correlation analysis was conducted between each parameter of the PVL-DecayRL and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Results: The total net score of patients with OCD was significantly lower than that of the HCs. The block net scores of the OCD group did not differ across the five blocks, whereas in the HCs, the fifth block net score was significantly higher than the block net scores of the first and second blocks. The values of the recency and response consistency parameters of the PVL-DecayRI in patients with OCD were significantly lower than those in HCs. The recency parameter positively correlated with the Y-BOCS obsessive score. Meanwhile, there was no correlation between consistency parameter values and symptom severity in OCD. Conclusion: Our detailed analysis of the decision-making deficit in OCD suggests that the most recent outcome has a small influence on the expectancy of prospect valence, as indicated by the lower recency parameter, and is characterized by more impulsive choices, as indicated by the lower consistency parameter.

DOI： 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1227057

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - Health  

Physical symptoms such as fatigue and muscle weakness, and psychiatric symptoms like depression and anxiety are considered as complications and sequelae of COVID-19. This epidemiological study investigated the actual status of psychiatric symptoms and disorders caused by COVID-19, from four major university hospitals and five general hospitals in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, having a population of 5 million. We conducted a survey of psychiatric disorders associated with COVID-19 using Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) data and the psychiatric records of the hospitals. In the study period from January 2019 to September 2021, 2743 COVID-19 admissions were determined from DPC data across the nine sites. These subjects had significantly more anxiety, depression, and insomnia, and were receiving higher rates of various psychotropic medications than controls influenza and respiratory infections. A review of psychiatric records revealed that the frequency of organic mental illness with insomnia and confusion was proportional to the severity of COVID-19 infection and that anxiety symptoms appeared independent of infection severity. These results indicate that COVID-19 is more likely to produce psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety and insomnia than conventional infections.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100615

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1093/cerecor/bhad170.

Publisher：株式会社医学書院  

DOI： 10.11477/mf.1405206876

CiNii Research

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1093/cercor/bhad058.

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：BMJ Open  

Introduction Mental health symptoms such as depression, anxiety and sleep problems are commonly observed in individuals suffering from acute COVID-19 infection to post-COVID-19 syndrome. Studies have provided preliminary evidence for the efficacies of cognitive behavioural therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, acceptance and commitment therapy, and many other treatments for this population. Although there have been attempts to synthesise the literature on these psychological interventions, previous reviews have been limited in terms of the sources, symptoms and interventions that they included. Furthermore, most studies reviewed were conducted in early 2020, when COVID-19 had only recently been classified as a global pandemic. Since then, substantial research has been conducted. As such, we sought to provide an updated synthesis of the available evidence of treatments for the range of mental health symptoms associated with COVID-19. Methods and analysis This scoping review protocol was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. Systematic searches were carried out on scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Scopus) and clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, EU Clinical Trials Register and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) to identify studies that have or will assess the efficacy or any aspects of psychological treatment for acute to post-COVID-19 syndrome. The search was conducted on 14 October 2022 and identified 17 855 potentially eligible sources/studies published since 1 January 2020 (duplicates removed). Six investigators will independently carry out titles and abstract screening, full-text screening and data charting and the results will be summarised using descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required for this review. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal, conference presentations and/or academic newspapers. This scoping review has been registered with Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/wvr5t).

DOI： 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069386

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公財)メンタルヘルス岡本記念財団  

2019年4月から2022年3月に九州大学病院精神科神経科を受診した、ためこみ症(Hoarding disorder:HD)患者で、研究に参加協力が可能な患者にHD発症前のライフイベントについて調査した。対象者を募り、同意を得た上で詳細な生育環境・生活環境について面接による調査を行った。さらにSocial Readjustment Rating Scale(SRRS)を用いて、ためこみ症発症前に認めたライフイベントを網羅的に調査した。対象となった患者は21名(男性6名、女性15名、平均年齢45.6±11.1歳、発症平均年齢19.9±8.38歳)、併存症はADHD 13名、気分障害12名(大うつ病性障害11名、双極性1型障害1名)などであった。発症前のライフイベントに関する調査では、分離に合致するライフイベントを認めた割合は21名中18名であった。発症前のネガティブなライフイベントとしての「児童青年期のライフイベント」と所有物への信念としての「感傷的な価値」間にのみ有意な関連が認められた。

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本認知・行動療法学会  

注射恐怖症の患者に対してApplied Tension法(ApT)を施行した際、患者の生理学的指標を継時的に測定しそれを共有した事が、治療の進展に寄与したと考えられたため報告する。患者は20歳代の女性で、採血や点滴時に気分不良が生じるため、病院受診を長期間回避していた。治療は曝露法と筋緊張法を組み合わせたApTを用いた。治療者は、気分不良の原因である循環動態の変化を脈拍数と血圧値という客観的なデータとして測定した。測定は曝露前、曝露時、筋緊張法施行時と継時的に行い、ApT後にその推移を患者と共有した。12セッションを経て採血時の気分不良は生じなくなり、採血に対する患者の不安は消退した。10週間後のフォローアップセッションでも気分不良の再燃はなかった。ApTにおいて脈拍数と血圧値の推移を患者と共有することで患者自身が病態と治療の仕組みについて理解が進み、治療の進展に寄与できたと考えられた。(著者抄録)

Language：English   Publisher：International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health  

Quarantine imposed due to COVID-19 infection can exacerbate psychological distress, and it is important for a public mental health agency to identify factors that are predictive of high psychological distress in such situation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gender, age, and the presence or absence of infectious disease symptoms affected psychological distress among asymptomatic or mildly ill COVID-19 patients who were quarantined. Participants were 436 asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19-infected patients who were quarantined in a treatment facility between 1 May 2020 and 30 September 2021. We used Quantification Theory I analysis to investigate the effects of gender, age, and the nature of infectious disease symptoms on psychological distress. The results of the analysis showed that the contribution rate was 0.06. Among gender, age, presence of symptoms, and the nature of symptoms, age had the greatest effect on psychological distress, and being in one’s teens to thirties was considered to exacerbate psychological distress the most. According to the results, the psychological distress of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients isolated was affected by gender, age, and symptomology, especially due to age differences. However, the impact of these items on psychological distress was not considered significant.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph19159083

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry  

Background It is gradually becoming clear that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients have aberrant resting-state large-scale intrinsic networks of cingulo-opercular salience (SN), default mode (DMN), and front-parietal network (FPN). However, it remains unknown whether unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients have these alterations as a vulnerability marker to the disorder. Methods We performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) scans of 47 medication-free OCD patients, 21 unaffected healthy first-degree relatives of OCD patients, and 62 healthy control (HC) participants. We explored differences between the three groups in the functional connectivity from SN (seeds: anterior-insula (AI) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC)), DMN (seeds: medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PCC)), and FPN (seeds: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)). Results Compared to HC, both OCD patients and first-degree relatives showed significantly greater functional connectivity between AI and PCC and between DLPFC and the thalamus. Compared to first-degree relatives and HC, OCD patients showed reduced functional connectivity between PCC and DLPFC, and this altered functional connectivity was negatively correlated with anxiety and depressive symptom within OCD group. Conclusions OCD patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients showed overlapping alterations in resting state functional connectivity between the regions of SN and DMN and between DLPFC and the thalamus. Our results suggested that alterations between large-scale intrinsic networks and within the dorsal cognitive cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit could represent endophenotype markers of OCD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110516

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Language：English   Publisher：Frontiers in Psychiatry  

Background: Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been conceptualized as manifestations of decision-making deficits. Patients with OCD exhibit impairment during the decision-making process, as assessed by the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). This impairment is independent of clinical severity and disease progression. However, the association between the decision-making deficit and resting-state brain activity of patients with OCD has not been examined. Methods: Fifty unmedicated patients with OCD and 55 matched control subjects completed IGT. Resting-state brain activity was examined using the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs). fALFF analysis focused on the slow-4 and 5 bands. Group comparisons were performed to determine the association between IGT performance and fALFFs. Results: There was a significant group difference in the association between the IGT total net score and slow-4 fALFFs in the left putamen (voxel height threshold of p < 0.001; cluster size threshold of p < 0.05; family wise error-corrected). Higher putamen slow-4 fALFFs were correlated with lower IGT scores for OCD patients (r = −0.485; p < 0.0005) and higher IGT scores for control subjects (r = 0.402; p < 0.005). There was no group difference in the association between the IGT total net score and slow-5 fALFFs. Conclusions: These findings in unmedicated patients demonstrate the importance of resting-state putamen activity for decision-making deficit associated with OCD, as measured by IGT. The inverse correlation may be explained by the hypersensitive response of the putamen in patients with OCD.

DOI： 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.836965

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.836965. eCollection 2022.

Language：English   Publisher：Journal of Psychiatric Research  

Although preliminary neuroimaging research suggests that patients with hoarding disorder (HD) show widespread abnormal task-related activity in the brain, there has been no research on alterations in the white matter tracts in these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the major white matter tracts in patients with HD. Tract-based spatial statistics were used to search for white matter tract abnormalities throughout the brain in 25 patients with HD and 36 healthy controls. Post hoc analysis of regions of interest was performed to detect correlations with clinical features. Compared with the controls, patients with HD showed decreased fractional anisotropy and increased radial diffusivity in anatomically widespread white matter tracts. Post hoc analysis of regions of interest revealed a significant negative correlation between the severity of hoarding symptoms and fractional anisotropy in the left anterior limb of the internal capsule and a positive correlation between the severity of these symptoms and radial diffusivity in the right anterior thalamic radiation. Patients with HD showed a broad range of alterations in the frontal white matter tracts, including the frontothalamic circuit, frontoparietal network, and frontolimbic pathway. The findings of this study indicate associations between frontal white matter abnormalities related to the severity of hoarding symptoms in HD and the cortical regions involved in cognitive dysfunction. The insights provided would be useful for understanding the neurobiological basis of HD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.01.031

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Language：English   Publisher：Human Brain Mapping  

Recent evidence suggests that presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) play an important role in response inhibition. However, no study has investigated the relationship between these brain networks at resting-state and response inhibition in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). We performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and then measured the response inhibition of 41 medication-free OCD patients and 49 healthy control (HC) participants by using the stop-signal task outside the scanner. We explored the differences between OCD and HC groups in the functional connectivity of pre-SMA and IFG associated with the ability of motor response inhibition. OCD patients showed a longer stop-signal reaction time (SSRT). Compared to HC, OCD patients exhibit different associations between the ability of motor response inhibition and the functional connectivity between pre-SMA and IFG, inferior parietal lobule, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, insula, and anterior prefrontal cortex. Additional analysis to investigate the functional connectivity difference from the seed ROIs to the whole brain voxels revealed that, compared to HC, OCD exhibited greater functional connectivity between pre-SMA and IFG. Also, this functional connectivity was positively correlated with the SSRT score. These results provide additional insight into the characteristics of the resting-state functional connectivity of the regions belonging to the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit and the cingulo-opercular salience network, underlying the impaired motor response inhibition of OCD. In particular, we emphasize the importance of altered functional connectivity between pre-SMA and IFG for the pathophysiology of motor response inhibition in OCD.

DOI： 10.1002/hbm.25699

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/ikerph18147318

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DOI： 10.1016/jpsychires.202201031.

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DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone

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DOI： 10.1016/j.nicl.2019

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DOI： 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020

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DOI： 10.3791/59488 2019

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DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0200814

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DOI： 10.1186/s12991-017-0126-6

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Responsible for pages：pp211-216   Language：Japanese   Book type：Scholarly book

Language：Japanese   Book type：Scholarly book

Language：Japanese   Book type：Scholarly book

Event date： 2023.7

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.7

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：宮崎   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Thailand  

Event date： 2023.7

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：宮崎   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.7

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：兵庫   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.7

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Web   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.6 - 2024.6

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：横浜   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.6

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：横浜   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.6 - 2023.7

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：福岡   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.5 - 2023.7

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：東京   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.11

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：Web   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.10 - 2022.10

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：Web   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.10

Language：Japanese  

Venue：web   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2021.9

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：京都   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2020.6

Language：English  

Country：Austria  

Event date： 2019.10

Language：Japanese  

Venue：浜松   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2019.3

Language：Japanese  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2017.3

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：九州大学医学部百年講堂   Country：Japan  

強迫症(Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder : OCD)の生涯有病率は1~3%といわれ、10~20歳代という小児期、青年期で発症することも多く、適切な治療を受けることが無いまま長期間経過してしまうものも少なくない。1960年代に三環系抗うつ薬であるclomipramineが本疾患の治療薬として有効であることが確認され、1990年代には選択的セロトニン取り込み阻害薬（selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor : SSRI）の有効性も確立された。現在ではSSRIによる薬物療法は各種治療ガイドラインにおいて認知行動療法とともにfirst lineの治療法として推奨されている。しかしSSRIによる治療に反応する症例は50~60％で、OCDには難治例が存在している事も事実である。この難治例に対し、近年では高用量SSRIに第二世代抗精神病薬を併用する増強療法の有効性が証明されつつあり、本疾患の病態生理はセロトニン神経系だけではなく、ドパミン機能の障害も推測されるようになった。
　さらに最近の研究により、NMDA受容体のアゴニストの一つであるグルタミン酸に関する知見やNMDA受容体機能調整薬に関する臨床研究の結果も集積してきている。そこで本発表では、これらの知見を中心に紹介し、OCDに対する新たな治療戦略の可能性を考えたい。

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本社会精神医学会  

入院治療のメリットは,(1)患者の生活を治療者が直接観察し,認知行動療法を実施する際にどのような技法を用いて介入を行うか決定するための「患者の見立て」をより正確に行うことができること,(2)直接観察で得た情報を繰り返し面接で話題にすることで,患者が病識を得ることが進むこと,(3)強迫症状の悪化維持要因の一つである家族・支援者の「巻き込み」から患者を切り離すことができること,が挙げられる。患者の退院後の病状悪化を防ぐために,外来治療では十分な時間が確保しにくい家族・支援者に対する心理教育に時間をかけて実施できるという利点もある。その結果,強迫症状を患者と家族・支援者から切り離して外在化し,治療者を含むこれら三者が治療チームとして機能することで治療のさらなる進展が期待できる。(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)日本臨床社  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)福岡・行動医学研究所  

深刻なストレスを及ぼす出来事に遭遇した人に対して行う心理的支援にサイコロジカル・ファーストエイド(Psychological First Aid:PFA)という支援法がある。本稿では、Johns Hopkins大学の研究者が開発したRAPID-PFAという新しいPFAの特徴を紹介した。その特徴は、これまでのPFAが、一般人も使用できるように開発されていることに対して、RAPID-PFAは、主として精神保健医療関係者が使用することを想定しており、心理的トリアージと認知再構成の技法が介入として組み込まれていることがその特徴である。今後は、RAPID-PFAをオンラインによるメンタルヘルス相談事業などに実装することで、国民のメンタルヘルスの維持向上に寄与できる可能がある。(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)医学書院  

＜文献概要＞新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による罹患後症状は,罹患後に発生するさまざまな心身の不調である。罹患後症状には,疲労感や倦怠感,関節痛,筋肉痛,咳や息切れといったものがよくみられるが,不安やうつの出現も報告されている。海外の調査結果から,不安,抑うつといった精神症状の出現頻度はCOVID-19罹患後に高まることが示唆された。一方で長期フォローの結果は,他の呼吸器疾患と同レベルに収束することを示しており,罹患後の精神症状は,感染による心理的側面の要因が強い可能性もある。本邦では精神症状に焦点をあてた罹患後症状の大規模調査の結果はまだ報告されていないが,筆者らが行ったCOVID-19の入院患者の精神症状調査の結果からは,感染期から不安,うつ,不眠,混乱といった症状の出現頻度が増えていることが明らかになった。罹患後症状としての精神症状がウイルスの直接的な影響なのか,心理的要因が大きいかについては,今後の疫学研究や生物学的研究の蓄積が待たれる。

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)先端医学社  

1 強迫症(OCD)の薬物療法で第一選択薬となるのはどれか.a 抗不安薬 b 非定型抗精神病薬 c 選択的セロトニン再取込み阻害薬(SSRI)d 上記a～cのすべて e 上記a～cのいずれも第一選択薬ではない 2 OCDの薬物療法で正しい選択肢はどれか.2つ選べ.a 我が国で販売されているすべてのSSRIは,OCDに保険適応となっている.b OCDへのSSRIの治療目標用量は,うつ病と比較して高用量である.c OCDへのSSRI治療の効果判定を判断するタイミングは,患者の認容できる最大用量で最低2週間投与した直後に行う.d OCDに対するクロミプラミンの治療効果はSSRIと比較して大きい.e SSRI治療抵抗性OCDに対して非定型抗精神病薬によるSSRI付加療法が検討されることがある.(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)星和書店  

2020年に始まった新型コロナウイルス感染症の世界的流行は人々の生活様式を大きく変化させた。流行初期には,ウイルスや病状に関する情報の少なさにより,人々に「不確かさへの耐性」が求められるのと同時に日常生活での行動制限も課せられ,人々の心理的苦痛が増した。そのような状況下で,一般人口では,臨床閾値下での強迫症状の増加,「食行動」や「運動」へのとらわれの増加,「強迫買い」が増加した。とらわれやこだわりがその病態と関連している強迫症や摂食障害,自閉スペクトラム症においても,それぞれ症状の増悪が報告された。新興感染症の世界的流行は,将来繰り返し発生することが考えられ,今回の知見を活かせる世界的なデータ管理と利用システムの構築が必要と考えられた。(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Peer review 

Number of peer-reviewed articles in foreign language journals：1

Type：Competition, symposium, etc. 

Type：Competition, symposium, etc.