| Hisao MATSUNAGA | Last modified date：2024.04.01 |
Professor /
Hydrogen Utilization Engineering /
Department of Mechanical Engineering /
Faculty of Engineering
Papers
| 1. | Tingshu Chen, Motomichi Koyama, Yuhei Ogawa, Hisao Matsunaga, Eiji Akiyama, Martensite Boundary Characteristics on Cycle- and Time-Dependent Fatigue Crack Growth Paths of Tempered Lath Martensitic Steels in a 90 MPa Gaseous Hydrogen Atmosphere, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 10.1007/s11661-023-07041-9, 54, 7, 2512-2518, 2023.04, Microstructural paths of hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth (HAFCG) in tempered martensitic steels were investigated relying on martensite boundary characteristics. Factors determining the HAFCG paths were tensile strength (TS)-dependent. HAFCG paths occurred preferentially along prior austenite grain boundaries with a brittle trend in 1025-MPa-TS steel. However, 811-MPa-TS steel showed HAFCG predominantly along block boundaries with large plasticity evolution, indicating that the mechanism of HAFCG in lower-TS steel required the assistance of plasticity accumulation during cyclic loadings. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].. |
| 2. | Adeyinka Abass, Hisao Matsunaga, A novel analysis of stress intensity factors for distributed non-planar surface cracks and its application to material quality control, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tafmec.2022.103586, 122, 103586, 2022.12, [URL]. |
| 3. | Y. Murakami, T. Takagi, K. Wada, H. Matsunaga, Essential structure of SN curve: Prediction of fatigue life and fatigue limit of defective materials and nature of scatter, International Journal of Fatigue, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.106138, 2021.05. |
| 4. | Y. Murakami, T. Takagi, K. Wada, H. Matsunaga, Essential structure of SN curve: Prediction of fatigue life and fatigue limit of defective materials and nature of scatter, International Journal of Fatigue, 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.106138, 2021.05. |
| 5. | K. Wada, J. Yamabe, H. Matsunaga, Mechanism of hydrogen-induced hardening in pure nickel and in a copper-nickel alloy analyzed by micro Vickers hardness testing, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2020.140580, 2021.02. |
| 6. | Y. Ogawa, M. Hino, M. Nakamura, H. Matsunaga, Pearlite-driven surface-cracking and associated loss of tensile ductility in plain-carbon steels under exposure to high-pressure gaseous hydrogen, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.11.137, 2021.02. |
| 7. | K. Wada, J. Yamabe, H. Matsunaga, Mechanism of hydrogen-induced hardening in pure nickel and in a copper-nickel alloy analyzed by micro Vickers hardness testing, 10.1016/j.msea.2020.140580, 2021.02. |
| 8. | D. Watanuki, M. Tsutsumi, H. Hidaka, K. Wada, H. Matsunaga, Fracture mechanics-based criteria for fatigue fracture of rolling bearings under the influence of defects, https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.13405, 2020.12. |
| 9. | Abass Adeyinka, Wada Kentaro, Matsunaga Hisao, Remes Heikki, Vuorio Tiina, Quantitative Characterization of the Spatial Distribution of Corrosion Pits Based on Nearest Neighbor Analysis, CORROSION, 10.5006/3551, 76, 9, 2020.09. |
| 10. | Junichiro Yamabe, Kentaro Wada, Tohru Awane, Hisao Matsunaga, Hydrogen distribution of hydrogen-charged nickel analyzed via hardness test and secondary ion mass spectrometry, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.117, 45, 15, 9188-9199, 2020.03. |
| 11. | Kawakami Ryo, Kubota Kazumasa, Matsunaga Hisao, Rotating bending fatigue property of SCM435 during electrochemical hydrogen charging, Nippon Kinzoku Gakkaishi/Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals, 84, 3, 92-98, 2020.03. |
| 12. | Tanaka Yuya, Matsunaga Hisao, Endo Masahiro, Moriyama Shigeaki, Micro-scale frictional behavior of a bearing steel (JIS SUJ2) in cyclic sliding motion, Procedia Structural Integrity, 10.1016/j.prostr.2019.12.035, 19, 320-327, 2019.12. |
| 13. | Saburo Okazaki, Osamu Takakuwa, Yuhei Ogawa, Koichi Okita, Yusuke Funakoshi, Junichiro Yamabe, Saburo Matsuoka, Hisao Matsunaga
, Effect of defects and hydrogen on the fatigue limit of Ni-based superalloy 718 , Procedia Structural Integrity , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2019.12.034, 19, 312-319, 2019.12. |
| 14. | Comparative study of hydrogen-induced intergranular fracture behavior in Ni and Cu–Ni alloy at ambient and cryogenic temperatures © 2019 Elsevier B.V. In order to clarify the contribution of dislocation‒hydrogen interaction on the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of pure Ni and of Cu‒55 wt% Ni binary alloy, slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests were conducted at room temperature (RT) and at 77 K on hydrogen-precharged specimens. Regarding the SSRT test at RT, hydrogen increased the flow stress and induced intergranular fracture in both pure Ni and Cu–Ni alloy. Furthermore, based on scanning transmission electron microscopy investigations, it was suggested that the evolution of dislocation structures had been enhanced by hydrogen, but only in the case of pure Ni. At 77 K, the ductility of pure Ni was degraded by hydrogen, whereas that of Cu–Ni alloy was not. The difference in temperature dependence of the dislocation‒hydrogen interaction between pure Ni and Cu–Ni alloy was discussed, based on the previously proposed HE mechanisms.. |
| 15. | Hydrogen-assisted crack propagation in α-iron during elasto-plastic fracture toughness tests © 2019 Elsevier B.V. Elasto-plastic fracture toughness tests of a commercially pure iron were performed in air and in hydrogen gas at two different pressures. Some unique characteristics of hydrogen-enhanced cracking were exhibited at both the macroscopic and microscopic length scales, based on the observation of fracture surface, fracture plane, plasticity distribution and dislocation structure. The possible mechanisms responsible for the hydrogen-induced degradation of fracture toughness are discussed.. |
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| 17. | Eric Maire, Stanislas Grabon, Jérôme Adrien, Pablo Lorenzino, Yuki Asanuma, Osamu Takakuwa, Hisao Matsunaga, Role of hydrogen-charging on nucleation and growth of ductile damage in austenitic stainless steels, Materials, 10.3390/ma12091426, 12, 9, 2019.01, Hydrogen energy is a possible solution for storage in the future. The resistance of packaging materials such as stainless steels has to be guaranteed for a possible use of these materials as containers for highly pressurized hydrogen. The effect of hydrogen charging on the nucleation and growth of microdamage in two different austenitic stainless steels AISI316 and AISI316L was studied using in situ tensile tests in synchrotron X-ray tomography. Information about damage nucleation, void growth and void shape were obtained. AISI316 was found to be more sensitive to hydrogen compared to AISI316L in terms of ductility loss. It was measured that void nucleation and growth are not affected by hydrogen charging. The effect of hydrogen was however found to change the morphology of nucleated voids from spherical cavities to micro-cracks being oriented perpendicular to the tensile axis.. |
| 18. | Kentaro Wada, Junichiro Yamabe, Yuhei Ogawa, Osamu Takakuwa, Takashi Iijima, Hisao Matsunaga, Fracture and deformation behavior in slow-strain-rate tensile testing of Cu-Ni alloy with internal hydrogen, ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2019 Materials and Fabrication, 10.1115/PVP2019-93477, 2019.01, The effect of hydrogen on the deformation and fracture behavior in pure Cu, pure Ni and Cu-Ni alloy was studied via tensile tests of H-charged, smooth and circumferentially-notched specimens at room temperature (RT) and 77 K. Hydrogendiffusion properties were determined by the desorption method. To obtain a uniform hydrogen concentration in the H-charged specimens, specimens were exposed to 100-MPa hydrogen gas at 543 K for 200 h, based on the determined hydrogen diffusivity. In tensile tests of smooth pure Ni and Cu-Ni alloy specimens at RT, common hydrogen effects were detected, namely, an increase in yield and flow stresses-a hardening effect; and a ductility loss that was accompanied by a change in fracture surface from ductile to brittle feature-an embrittling effect. With regard to the embrittling effect, the pure Ni and Cu-Ni alloy showed different fracture-surface morphologies at RT; the pure Ni showed an intergranular (IG) surface and the Cu-Ni alloy surface was flat. However, a number of IG cracks were detected beneath the fracture surfaces on the smooth Cu-Ni alloy. The tensile tests of the H-charged smooth specimens at 77 K yielded an IG surface for the pure Ni and a ductile fracture surface with dimples in the Cu-Ni alloy. In contrast, tensile tests of the Hcharged, notched specimens at RT demonstrated clear IG fractures for the pure Ni and Cu-Ni alloy. These facts indicate that IG cracking was the first step in the embrittling process for the pure Ni and Cu-Ni alloy, and IG cracking was accompanied by a large plastic deformation that formed the flat surface (unclear IG surface) for the smooth Cu-Ni alloy. Considering that the HE of both pure Ni and Cu-Ni alloy was related to IG cracking, possible mechanisms were discussed and tensile tests performed at 77 K suggested two possibilities: (I) interaction between hydrogen-moving dislocation is more important in the HE process of the Cu-Ni alloy compared to the pure Ni; (II) hydrogen transportation towards grain boundaries are required to cause the IG fracture in the Cu-Ni alloy.. |
| 19. | Osamu Takakuwa, Yuhei Ogawa, Saburo Okazaki, Hisao Matsunaga, Saburo Matsuoka, Temperature dependence of fatigue crack growth in low-carbon steel under gaseous hydrogen, ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2019 Materials and Fabrication, 10.1115/PVP2019-93451, 2019.01, In order to elucidate the temperature dependence of hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth (HAFCG), the fatigue crack growth (FCG) test was performed on low-carbon steel JISSM490B according to ASTM E647 using compact tension (CT) specimen under 0.7 MPa (≈ 0.1 ksi) hydrogen-gas at room temperature (RT: 298 K (≈ 77 °F)) and 423 K (≈ 302 °F) at stress intensity factor range of ΔK = 30 MPa m1/2 (≈ 27 ksi in1/2). Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) observation was performed on the mid-thick section of CT specimen in order to investigate change in plasticity around the crack wake in gaseous hydrogen environment and how it changes due to temperature elevation. The obtained results showed the higher temperature, the lower intense of HAFCG as reported in our previous article. Plasticity around the crack wake became less in gaseous hydrogen environment, especially tested at 298 K. The propensity of the results obtained at higher temperature (423 K) can be separated into two cases: (i) intense plasticity occurs like tested in air, (ii) crack propagates straighter accompanying less plasticity like tested in gaseous hydrogen environment at 298 K. This implies macroscopic FCG rate is determined by combination of microscopic FCG rate in the case (i) and case (ii).. |
| 20. | Saburo Matsuoka, Takashi Iijima, Satoko Yoshida, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao Matsunaga, Various strength properties of aluminum alloys in high-pressure hydrogen gas environment, ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2019 Materials and Fabrication, 10.1115/PVP2019-93478, 2019.01, Three types of strength tests, slow strain rate tensile (SSRT), fatigue life, and fatigue crack growth (FCG) tests, were performed using six types of aluminum alloys, 5083-O, 6061-T6, 6066-T6, 7N01-T5, 7N01-T6, and 7075-T6, in air and 115 MPa hydrogen gas at room temperature. All the strength properties of every material were not deteriorated in 115 MPa hydrogen gas. In all the materials, FCG rates were lower in 115 MPa hydrogen gas than in air. This was considered to be due to a lack of water-or oxygen-adsorbed film at crack tip in hydrogen gas. In 5083-O, 6061-T6 and 6066-T6, relative reduction in area (RRA) were remarkably higher in 115 MPa hydrogen gas than in air. These differences were attributed to a hydrostatic pressure produced in 115 MPa hydrogen gas. In contrast, in 7N01-T5, 7N01-T6 and 7075-T6, the values of RRA in 115 MPa hydrogen gas were nearly the same as those in air. Observation of fractured specimens inferred that the degree of such a hydrogen-induced improvement was determined by the fracture mode (e.g. cupand-cone or shear fracture), which is dominated by the microstructure morphology.. |
| 21. | Fatigue limit of carbon and Cr–Mo steels as a small fatigue crack threshold in high-pressure hydrogen gas © 2018 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC The fatigue limit properties of a carbon steel and a low-alloy Cr–Mo steel were investigated via fully-reversed tension-compression tests, using smooth specimens in air and in 115-MPa hydrogen gas. With respect to the Cr–Mo steel, specimens with sharp notches were also tested in order to investigate the threshold behavior of small cracks. The obtained S–N data inferred that the fatigue limit was not negatively affected by hydrogen in either of the steels. Observation of fatigue cracks in the unbroken specimens revealed that non-propagating cracks can exist even in 115-MPa hydrogen gas, and that the crack growth threshold is not degraded by hydrogen. The experimental results provide justification for the fatigue limit design of components that are to be exposed to high-pressure hydrogen gas.. |
| 22. | Saburo Matsuoka, Osamu Takakuwa, Saburo Okazaki, Michio Yoshikawa, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao Matsunaga, Peculiar temperature dependence of hydrogen-enhanced fatigue crack growth of low-carbon steel in gaseous hydrogen, Scripta Materialia, 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.05.035, 154, 101-105, 2018.09, [URL], © 2018 Acta Materialia Inc. The peculiar temperature dependence of hydrogen-enhanced fatigue crack growth (HEFCG) of low-carbon steel in hydrogen gas was successfully interpreted in terms of ‘trap-site occupancy’ of hydrogen. HEFCG decreased with increasing temperature in hydrogen gas at 0.7 MPa and 298 to 423 K due to lower occupancy of trap sites at higher temperatures. In hydrogen gas at 90 MPa, HEFCG was insensitive to the temperature because most of the trap sites were occupied by hydrogen, regardless of the temperature. Trap sites with a binding energy of 47 kJ/mol, corresponding approximately to the dislocation core, dominated the temperature dependence of HEFCG.. |
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| 26. | Domas Birenis, Yuhei Ogawa, Hisao Matsunaga, Osamu Takakuwa, Junichiro Yamabe, Øystein Prytz, Annett Thøgersen, Hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack propagation in a pure BCC iron. Part II: Accelerated regime manifested by quasi-cleavage fracture at relatively high stress intensity range values, MATEC Web of Conferences, 10.1051/matecconf/201816503010, 165, 2018.05, Hydrogen effect on fatigue performance at relatively high values of stress intensity factor range, ΔK, of pure BCC iron has been studied with a combination of various electron microscopy techniques. Hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth rate is manifested by a change of fracture features at the fracture surface from ductile transgranular in air to quasi-cleavage in hydrogen gas. Grain reference orientation deviation (GROD) analysis has shown a dramatic suppression of plastic deformation around the crack wake in samples fatigued in hydrogen. These results were verified by preparing site-specific specimens from different fracture features by using Focused Ion Beam (FIB) technique and observing them with Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The FIB lamella taken from the sample fatigued in air was decorated with dislocation cell structure indicating high amount of plasticity, while the lamella taken from the quasi-cleavage surface of the sample fatigued in hydrogen revealed a distribution of dislocation tangles which corresponds to smaller plastic strain amplitude involved at the point of fracture. These results show that a combination of critical hydrogen concentration and critical stress during fatigue crack growth at high ΔK values triggers cleavage-like fracture due to reduction of cohesive force between matrix atoms.. |
| 27. | Yuhei Ogawa, Domas Birenis, Hisao Matsunaga, Osamu Takakuwa, Junichiro Yamabe, Øystein Prytz, Annett Thøgersen, Hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack propagation in a pure BCC iron. Part I: Intergranular crack propagation at relatively low stress intensities, MATEC Web of Conferences, 10.1051/matecconf/201816503011, 165, 2018.05, The role of hydrogen on intergranular (IG) fracture in hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth (HAFCG) of a pure iron at low stress intensity was discussed in terms of the microscopic deformation structures near crack propagation paths. The main cause of IG fracture was assumed to be the hydrogen-enhanced dislocation structure evolution and subsequent microvoids formation along the grain boundaries. Additionally, the impact of such IG cracking on the macroscopic FCG rate was evaluated according to the dependency of IG fracture propensity on the hydrogen gas pressure. It was first demonstrated that the increased hydrogen pressure results in the larger area fraction of IG and corresponding faster FCG rate. Moreover, gaseous hydrogen environment also had a positive influence on the FCG rate due to the absence of oxygen and water vapor. The macroscopic crack propagation rate was controlled by the competition process of said positive and negative effects.. |
| 28. | Kentaro Wada, Soma Yoshimura, Tomoko Yamamoto, Yoshihiro Ohkomori, Hisao Matsunaga, Shear-mode Crack Initiation Behavior in the Martensitic and Bainitic Microstructures, MATEC Web of Conferences, 10.1051/matecconf/201816504009, 165, 2018.05, Fully reversed torsional fatigue tests were conducted to elucidate the behaviour of shear-mode crack initiation and propagation in one martensitic and two bainitic steels. The relationship between the crack initiation site and microstructure was investigated by means of an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. From the S-N diagram, two notable results were obtained: (i) the shear-mode crack was initiated on the prior austenitic grain boundary in martensitic steel, while in bainitic steels, the crack was initiated along the {110} plane one of the slip planes of bcc metals, and (ii) the torsional fatigue limit of lower bainitic steel with finer grains was 60 MPa higher than that of upper bainitic steel with coarser grains even though the hardnesses were nearly equivalent. The mechanism determining the torsional fatigue strength in these steels is discussed from the viewpoint of microstructure morphology.. |
| 29. | 準安定オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼中の疲労き裂進展加速に対する内部水素と外部水素の役割. |
| 30. | Hydrogen trapping in X70 structural pipeline steel and weldments Copyright © 2018 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE) Diffusion measurements and thermal desorption measurements have been performed on a X70 pipeline steel, in as received and normalized and quenched condition, after being hydrogen charged for 200 h at 100 MPa hydrogen gas pressure and 85℃. Numerical simulations based on the assumption of thermodynamic equilibrium were performed, aiming to compare the trapping energies when fitting to the TDS spectra. TDS experiments revealed a reversible trap site with activation energy of 26.2 kJ.mol-1. Irreversible trap sites with an activation energy of >100 kJ.mol-1were observed from both as-received and heat-treated condition. In contrast, a reversible trap site with an activation energy of 49.2 kJ.mol-1was observed only from the heat-treated condition. The numerical modelling based on the assumption of equilibrium between hydrogen in traps and hydrogen in lattice is seen to provide a good fit to the experimental data.. |
| 31. | Assessment of the contribution of internal pressure to the structural damage in a hydrogen-charged Type 316L austenitic stainless steel during slow strain rate tensile test © 2018 The Authors. The aim of this study is to provide a quantification of the internal pressure contribution to the SSRT properties of H-charged Type-316L steel tested in air at room temperature. Considering pre-existing penny-shaped voids, the transient pressure build-up has been simulated as well as its impact on the void growth by preforming J Ic calculations. Several void distributions (size and spacing) have been considered. Simulations have concluded that there was no impact of the internal pressure on the void growth, regardless the void distribution since the effective pressure was on the order of 1 MPa during the SSRT test. Even if fast hydrogen diffusion related to dislocation pipe-diffusion has been assessed as a conservative case, the impact on void growth was barely imperceptible (or significantly low). The effect of internal pressure has been experimentally verified via the following conditions: (I) non-charged in vacuum; (II) H-charged in vacuum; (III) H-charged in 115-MPa nitrogen gas; (IV) non-charged in 115-MPa nitrogen gas. As a result, the relative reduction in area (RRA) was 0.84 for (II), 0.88 for (III), and 1.01 for (IV), respectively. The difference in void morphology of the H-charged specimens did not depend on the presence of external pressure. These experimental results demonstrate that the internal pressure had no effect on the tensile ductility and void morphology of the H-charged specimen.. |
| 32. | Yuhei Ogawa, Dain Kim, Hisao Matsunaga, Saburo Matsuoka, Evaluation of the compatibility of high-strength aluminum alloy 7075-T6 to high-pressure gaseous hydrogen environments, ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2018 Materials and Fabrication, 2018.01, To develop safer and more cost-effective high-pressure hydrogen tanks used in fuel cell vehicles (FCVs), the metallic materials with the following three key properties, i.e. lightweight, high strength and excellent resistance to hydrogen embrittlement should be explored. In this study, the compatibility of high-strength, precipitation-hardened aluminum alloy 7075-T6 was evaluated according to the four types of mechanical testing including slow-strain rate tensile (SSRT), fatigue life, fatigue crack growth (FCG) and fracture toughness tests in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen environments (95 ~ 115 MPa) at room temperature. Even though numerous publications have previously reported significant degradation of the mechanical properties of 7075-T6 in some hydrogenating environments, such as moist atmosphere, the understanding with regards to the performance of this alloy in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen environments is still lacking. In SSRT tests, the alloy showed no degradation of tensile strength and ductility. Furthermore, fatigue life, fatigue crack growth and fracture toughness properties were also not degraded in hydrogen gas. Namely, it was first demonstrated that the material has big potential to be used for hydrogen storage tanks for FCVs, according to its excellent resistance to high-pressure gaseous hydrogen.. |
| 33. | Naoaki Nagaishi, Hisao Matsunaga, Michio Yoshikawa, Junichiro Yamabe, Saburo Okazaki, Saburo Matsuoka, Fatigue life properties of circumferentially-notched bar of austenitic stainless steel with various concentration factors, ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2018 Materials and Fabrication, 2018.01, Fatigue tests were performed using three types of round-bar specimens of Type 304, meta-stable, austenitic stainless steel. The specimens had circumferential notch with stress concentration factors, Kt, of 2, 3 or 6.6. Load controlled fatigue tests were conducted at stress ratio, R, of 0.1 and −1 in ambient air at room temperature. At R of 0.1, fatigue life was decreased with an increase in the stress concentration factor. Conversely, at R of −1, the stress concentration factor had little influence on the fatigue life. To understand the mechanism of the stress ratio effect, local deformation behavior at and beneath the notch root during the fatigue test was computed by means of finite element analysis considering that the plastic constitutive model describes the cyclic stress-strain response.. |
| 34. | Chris San Marchi, Hisao Matsunaga, Hideo Kobayashi, Junichiro Yamabe, Stefan Zickler, Martina Schwarz, Saburo Matsuoka, Global harmonization of fatigue life testing in gaseous hydrogen, ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2018 Materials and Fabrication, 2018.01, Methods to qualify materials for hydrogen service are needed in the global marketplace to enable sustainable, low-carbon energy technologies, such as hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. Existing requirements for qualifying materials are not adequate to support growth of hydrogen technology as well as being inconsistent with the growing literature on the effects of hydrogen on fracture and fatigue. This report documents an internationally coordinated effort to develop a test method for qualifying materials for high-pressure hydrogen fuel system onboard fuel cell electric vehicles. In particular, consistency of fatigue life testing strategies is discussed. Fatigue life tests were conducted at three different institutes in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen (90 MPa) at low temperature (233K) to confirm consistency across distinct testing platforms. The testing campaign includes testing of both smooth and notched axial fatigue specimens at various combinations of pressure and temperature. Collectively these testing results provide insight to the sensitivity of fatigue life testing to important testing parameters such as pressure, temperature and the presence of stress concentrations.. |
| 35. | Jean Gabriel Sezgin, Hallvard G. Fjær, Hisao Matsunaga, Junichiro Yamabe, Vigdis Oldeng, Hydrogen trapping in X70 structural pipeline steel and weldments, 28th International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference, ISOPE 2018
Proceedings of the 28th International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference, ISOPE 2018, 228-235, 2018.01, Diffusion measurements and thermal desorption measurements have been performed on a X70 pipeline steel, in as received and normalized and quenched condition, after being hydrogen charged for 200 h at 100 MPa hydrogen gas pressure and 85℃. Numerical simulations based on the assumption of thermodynamic equilibrium were performed, aiming to compare the trapping energies when fitting to the TDS spectra. TDS experiments revealed a reversible trap site with activation energy of 26.2 kJ.mol -1 . Irreversible trap sites with an activation energy of >100 kJ.mol- 1 were observed from both as-received and heat-treated condition. In contrast, a reversible trap site with an activation energy of 49.2 kJ.mol -1 was observed only from the heat-treated condition. The numerical modelling based on the assumption of equilibrium between hydrogen in traps and hydrogen in lattice is seen to provide a good fit to the experimental data.. |
| 36. | Domas Birenis, Yuhei Ogawa, Hisao Matsunaga, Osamu Takakuwa, Øystein Prytz, Junichiro Yamabe, Annett Thøgersen, Hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack propagation in a commercially pure BCC iron, ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2018 Materials and Fabrication, 2018.01, Hydrogen effect on fatigue performance of commercially pure BCC iron has been studied with a combination of various electron microscopy techniques. The fatigue crack growth (FCG) in gaseous hydrogen was found to consist of two regimes corresponding to a slightly accelerated regime at relatively low stress intensity factor range, ΔK, (Stage I) and the highly accelerated regime at relatively high ΔK (Stage II). These regimes were manifested by the intergranular and quasi-cleavage types of fractures respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations demonstrated an increase in plastic deformation around the crack wake in the Stage I, but considerably lower amount of plasticity around the crack path in the Stage II. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results identified dislocation cell structure immediately beneath the fracture surface of the Stage I sample, and dislocation tangles in the Stage II sample corresponding to fracture at high and low plastic strain amplitudes respectively.. |
| 37. | Saburo Okazaki, Hisao Matsunaga, Masami Nakamura, Saburo Matsuoka, Shigeru Hamada, Influence of hydrogen on tensile and fatigue life properties of 304/308 austenitic stainless steel butt welded joints, ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2018 Materials and Fabrication, 2018.01, To investigate the influence of hydrogen on the tensile and fatigue life properties of welded joints of 304/308 austenitic stainless steels, slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests and fatigue life tests were conducted in laboratory air using hydrogen exposed specimens. The specimens were fabricated from welded plates, and to elucidate the role of weld structure on hydrogen-induced degradation, the welded joint was solution-treated. In the SSRT tests of the as-welded (AW) joint, a non-exposed specimen failed at the base metal (BM), whereas a hydrogen-exposed specimen failed near the weld toe. In the case of the solution-treated-welded (STW) joint, the non-exposed specimen failed at the part of solution treated weld metal, whereas an H-exposed specimen failed near the weld toe. As a result, internal hydrogen significantly degraded the elongation of the AW joint. In the fatigue test, all the specimens failed near the weld toe. Internal hydrogen degraded the fatigue life considerably. However, the pre-charging led to little, if any, reduction in the fatigue limit. Similarly to the AW joint, hydrogen gas exposure notably degraded the fatigue life of the STW joint and led to little reduction in the fatigue limit. To investigate the relationship between the hydrogen-induced degradation and strain-induced martensitic transformation during fatigue testing, the volume fraction of ferrite in the broken specimens was measured by a ferrite scope. The volume fraction of martensitic transformation increased with an increase in the stress amplitude. These experimental results implied that the hydrogen-induced fatigue life degradation in the welded joint was closely related to the martensitic transformation during the fatigue process. The mechanisms of both the degradation in fatigue life and non-degradation in fatigue limit will be discussed further.. |
| 38. | Hajime Fukumoto, Yoru Wada, Hisao Matsunaga, Takeru Sano, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Introduction of technical document in Japan for safe use of ground storage vessels made of low alloy steels for hydrogen refueling stations, ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2018 Codes and Standards, 10.1115/PVP201884099, 2018.01, As is well known, low alloy steels are widely used as materials for high pressure vessels because of their high tensile strength and reasonable price, but also show severe hydrogen embrittlement. Therefore, in 2016, the authors introduced a scenario for the safe use of low alloy steels in highly pressurized hydrogen gas as a "Guideline" at ASME PVP 2016 [1]. Following discussions with stakeholders and experts in recent years, we published Technical Document (TD) as an industrial standard prior to regulation, on the safe use of ground storage vessels made of low alloy steels in Hydrogen Refueling Stations (HRSs) based on performance requirements. This article presents an outline of the TD describing the required types of testing as performance requirements for confirming the good hydrogen compatibility of low alloy steels, such as controlling tensile strength in an appropriate range, confirming leak-before-break, determining the life of ground storage vessels by fatigue testing and determining the inspection term by fatigue crack growth analysis using the fatigue crack growth rate in highly pressurized hydrogen.. |
| 39. | Hideo Kobayashi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Takeru Sano, Takashi Maeda, Hiroaki Tamura, Ayumu Ishizuka, Mitsuo Kimura, Nobuhiro Yoshikawa, Takashi Iijima, Junichiro Yamabe, Saburo Matsuoka, Hisao Matsunaga, Methods of material testing in high-pressure hydrogen environment and evaluation of hydrogen compatibility of metallic materials – Current status in Japan, ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2018 Materials and Fabrication, 2018.01, In Japan, with regards to the widespread commercialization of 70 MPa-class hydrogen refueling stations and fuel cell vehicles, two national projects have been promoted on both the infrastructure and the automobile sides. These projects have been promoted to establish the criteria for determining hydrogen compatibility of materials and to expand the usable materials for high-pressure hydrogen environment. For these projects, establishing test methods to evaluate the hydrogen compatibility of materials is one of the most important tasks. This paper describes the status of common standardization of testing methods. Two projects share a common database for the testing results, which is currently put to practical use.. |
| 40. | Osamu Takakuwa, Michio Yoshikawa, Saburo Matsuoka, Junichiro Yamabe, Saburo Okazaki, Hisao Matsunaga, Temperature dependence of fatigue crack growth in low-alloy steel under gaseous hydrogen, ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, PVP 2018 Materials and Fabrication, 2018.01, In order to elucidate the temperature dependence of hydrogen-enhanced fatigue crack growth (FCG), the FCG test was performed on low-alloy Cr-Mo steel JIS-SCM435 according to ASTM E647 using compact tension (CT) specimen under 0.1 - 95 MPa hydrogen-gas at temperature ranging from room temperature (298 K) to 423 K. The obtained results were interpreted according to trap site occupancy under thermal equilibrium state. The FCG was significantly accelerated at RT under hydrogen-gas, that its maximum acceleration rate of the FCG was 15 at the pressure of 95 MPa at the temperature of 298 K. The hydrogen-enhanced FCG was mitigated due to temperature elevation for all pressure conditions. The trap site with binding energy of 44 kJ/mol dominated the temperature dependence of hydrogen-enhanced FCG, corresponding approximately to binding energy of dislocation core. The trap site (dislocation) occupancy is decreased with the temperature elevation, resulting in the mitigation of the FCG acceleration. On the basis of the obtained results, when the occupancy becomes higher at lower temperature, e.g. 298 K, hydrogen-enhanced FCG becomes more pronounced. The lower occupancy at higher temperature does the opposite.. |
| 41. | Hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack propagation in a commercially pure BCC iron Copyright © 2018 ASME. Hydrogen effect on fatigue performance of commercially pure BCC iron has been studied with a combination of various electron microscopy techniques. The fatigue crack growth (FCG) in gaseous hydrogen was found to consist of two regimes corresponding to a slightly accelerated regime at relatively low stress intensity factor range, ΔK, (Stage I) and the highly accelerated regime at relatively high ΔK (Stage II). These regimes were manifested by the intergranular and quasi-cleavage types of fractures respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations demonstrated an increase in plastic deformation around the crack wake in the Stage I, but considerably lower amount of plasticity around the crack path in the Stage II. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results identified dislocation cell structure immediately beneath the fracture surface of the Stage I sample, and dislocation tangles in the Stage II sample corresponding to fracture at high and low plastic strain amplitudes respectively.. |
| 42. | Temperature dependence of fatigue crack growth in low-alloy steel under gaseous hydrogen Copyright © 2018 ASME. In order to elucidate the temperature dependence of hydrogen-enhanced fatigue crack growth (FCG), the FCG test was performed on low-alloy Cr-Mo steel JIS-SCM435 according to ASTM E647 using compact tension (CT) specimen under 0.1 - 95 MPa hydrogen-gas at temperature ranging from room temperature (298 K) to 423 K. The obtained results were interpreted according to trap site occupancy under thermal equilibrium state. The FCG was significantly accelerated at RT under hydrogen-gas, that its maximum acceleration rate of the FCG was 15 at the pressure of 95 MPa at the temperature of 298 K. The hydrogen-enhanced FCG was mitigated due to temperature elevation for all pressure conditions. The trap site with binding energy of 44 kJ/mol dominated the temperature dependence of hydrogen-enhanced FCG, corresponding approximately to binding energy of dislocation core. The trap site (dislocation) occupancy is decreased with the temperature elevation, resulting in the mitigation of the FCG acceleration. On the basis of the obtained results, when the occupancy becomes higher at lower temperature, e.g. 298 K, hydrogen-enhanced FCG becomes more pronounced. The lower occupancy at higher temperature does the opposite.. |
| 43. | Kentaro Wada, Adeyinka Abass, Saburo Okazaki, Yoshihiro Fukushima, Hisao Matsunaga, Kaneaki Tsuzaki, Fatigue Crack Threshold of Bearing Steel at a Very Low Stress Ratio, Procedia Structural Integrity, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2017.11.104, 7, 391-398, 2017.12. |
| 44. | Yuhei Ogawa, Domas Birenis, Hisao Matsunaga, Annett Thøgersen, Øystein Prytz, Osamu Takakuwa, Junichiro Yamabe, Multi-scale observation of hydrogen-induced, localized plastic deformation in fatigue-crack propagation in a pure iron, Scripta Materialia, 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.06.037, 140, 13-17, 2017.11, [URL], © 2016 Elsevier Ltd In order to study the influence of hydrogen on plastic deformation behavior in the vicinity of the fatigue crack-tip in a pure iron, a multi-scale observation technique was employed, comprising electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI), electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The analyses successfully demonstrated that hydrogen greatly reduces the dislocation structure evolution around the fracture path and localizes the plastic flow in the crack-tip region. Such clear evidence can reinforce the existing model in which this type of localized plasticity contributes to crack-growth acceleration in metals in hydrogen atmosphere, which has not yet been experimentally elucidated.. |
| 45. | Osamu Takakuwa, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao Matsunaga, Yoshiyuki Furuya, Saburo Matsuoka, Comprehensive Understanding of Ductility Loss Mechanisms in Various Steels with External and Internal Hydrogen, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 10.1007/s11661-017-4323-3, 48, 11, 5717-5732, 2017.11, [URL], © 2017, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International. Hydrogen-induced ductility loss and related fracture morphologies are comprehensively discussed in consideration of the hydrogen distribution in a specimen with external and internal hydrogen by using 300-series austenitic stainless steels (Types 304, 316, 316L), high-strength austenitic stainless steels (HP160, XM-19), precipitation-hardened iron-based super alloy (A286), low-alloy Cr-Mo steel (JIS-SCM435), and low-carbon steel (JIS-SM490B). External hydrogen is realized by a non-charged specimen tested in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen, and internal hydrogen is realized by a hydrogen-charged specimen tested in air or inert gas. Fracture morphologies obtained by slow-strain-rate tensile tests (SSRT) of the materials with external or internal hydrogen could be comprehensively categorized into five types: hydrogen-induced successive crack growth, ordinary void formation, small-sized void formation related to the void sheet, large-sized void formation, and facet formation. The mechanisms of hydrogen embrittlement are broadly classified into hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE) and hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity (HELP). In the HEDE model, hydrogen weakens interatomic bonds, whereas in the HELP model, hydrogen enhances localized slip deformations. Although various fracture morphologies are produced by external or internal hydrogen, these morphologies can be explained by the HELP model rather than by the HEDE model.. |
| 46. | Y. Ogawa, H. Matsunaga, J. Yamabe, M. Yoshikawa, S. Matsuoka, Unified evaluation of hydrogen-induced crack growth in fatigue tests and fracture toughness tests of a carbon steel, International Journal of Fatigue, 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.06.006, 103, 223-233, 2017.10, [URL], © 2017 Elsevier Ltd To investigate the effect of hydrogen on fatigue life characteristics and crack growth behaviors through the entire fatigue life of a carbon steel, tension-compression fatigue tests and elasto-plastic fracture toughness tests were conducted in a hydrogen gas environment under the pressures of 0.7 and 115 MPa. The fatigue tests revealed that the fatigue life and fracture morphology vary drastically with the hydrogen gas pressure. This study demonstrates that such differences can be explained by the combination of fatigue crack growth properties and fracture toughness properties in hydrogen gas at each pressure.. |
| 47. | Junichiro Yamabe, Michio Yoshikawa, Hisao Matsunaga, Saburo Matsuoka, Hydrogen trapping and fatigue crack growth property of low-carbon steel in hydrogen-gas environment, International Journal of Fatigue, 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.04.010, 102, 202-213, 2017.09, [URL], © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Fatigue crack growth (FCG) tests for compact-tension specimens of low-carbon steel were performed under various combinations of hydrogen pressures (0.1–90 MPa), test frequencies (0.001–10 Hz), and test temperatures (room temperature, 363 K, and 423 K). For quantifying the FCG acceleration, the hydrogen trapping and diffusivity of prestrained specimens were determined. Depending on the test conditions, the FCG was accelerated. The hydrogen-assisted FCG acceleration always accompanied localized plastic deformations near the crack tip. The onset of the FCG acceleration was roughly quantified by using a simplified parameter representing the gradient of the hydrogen concentration at the crack tip.. |
| 48. | Sho Hashimoto, Hiroki Komata, Hisao Matsunaga, Quantative Evaluation of the Flaking Strength of Rolling Bearings with Small Defects:(Part 1: FEM Analyses of the Stress Intensity Factor, Kll, under Rolling Contact), Procedia Structural Integrity, 7, 453-459, 2017.08. |
| 49. | Hisao Matsunaga, Sho Hashimoto, Hiroki Komata, Quantative Evaluation of the Flaking Strength of Rolling Bearings with Small Defects:(Part 2: Evaluation of the Flaking Strength of Rolling Bearings with Small Drilled Holes, based on the Stress Intensity Factor), Procedia Structural Integrity, 7, 460-467, 2017.08. |
| 50. | 高圧水素ガス曝露を施したオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板突合せ溶接継手の疲労寿命特性. |
| 51. | Hisao Matsunaga, Takakuwa Osamu, Junichiro Yamabe, Matsuoka Saburo, Hydrogen-enhanced fatigue crack growth in steels and its frequency dependence, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 10.1098/rsta.2016.0412, 375, 2098, 2017.07, [URL]. |
| 52. | Osamu Takakuwa, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao Matsunaga, Yoshiyuki Furuya, Saburo Matsuoka, Recent Progress on Interpretation of Tensile Ductility Loss for Various Austenitic Stainless Steels With External and Internal Hydrogen, ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, 10.1115/PVP2017-65671, 2017.07. |
| 53. | Yuhei Ogawa, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao Matsunaga, Saburo Matsuoka, Excellent Resistance to Hydrogen Embrittlement of High-Strength Copper-Based Alloy, ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, 2017.07. |
| 54. | Saburo Okazaki, Hisao Matsunaga, Shigeru Hamada, Masami Nakamura, Hisatake Itoga, Saburo Matsuoka, A Case Study of a Cooling Pipe for a Pre-Cooler Used in a 70MPa Hydrogen Station, ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, 2017.07. |
| 55. | Naoaki Nagaishi, Michio Yoshikawa, Saburo Okazaki, Hisao Matsunaga, Junichiro Yamabe, Saburo Matsuoka, Fatigue Life Properties of Circumferentially- Notched, Type 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel in Hydrogen Gas, ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, 2017.07. |
| 56. | Hisao Matsunaga, Osamu Takakuwa, Junichiro Yamabe, Saburo Matsuoka, Hydrogen-enhanced fatigue crack growth in steels and its frequency dependence, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 10.1098/rsta.2016.0412, 375, 2098, 2017.07, © 2017 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. In the context of the fatigue life design of components, particularly those destined for use in hydrogen refuelling stations and fuel cell vehicles, it is important to understand the hydrogen-induced, fatigue crack growth (FCG) acceleration in steels. As such, the mechanisms for acceleration and its influencing factors are reviewed and discussed in this paper, with a special focus on the peculiar frequency dependence of the hydrogen-induced FCG acceleration. Further, this frequency dependence is debated by introducing some potentially responsible elements, along with new experimental data obtained by the authors.. |
| 57. | Yuhei Ogawa, Yuhei Ogawa, Junichiro Yamabe, Junichiro Yamabe, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao Matsunaga, Hisao Matsunaga, Hisao Matsunaga, Saburo Matsuoka, Material performance of age-hardened beryllium–copper alloy, CDA-C17200, in a high-pressure, gaseous hydrogen environment, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.04.270, 42, 26, 16887-16900, 2017.06, [URL], © 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC In order to develop safer and more energy-efficient, hydrogen pre-cooling systems for use in hydrogen refueling stations, it is necessary to identify a high-strength metallic material with greater thermal conductivity and lower susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement, as compared with ordinary, stable austenitic stainless steels. To accomplish this task, the hydrogen compatibility of a precipitation-hardened, high-strength, copper-based alloy was investigated by slow-strain-rate tensile (SSRT), fatigue-life, fatigue-crack-growth (FCG) and fracture toughness tests in 115-MPa hydrogen gas at room temperature. The hydrogen solubility and diffusivity of the alloy were also determined. The hydrogen solubility of the alloy was two or three orders of magnitude lower than that of austenitic stainless steels. The alloy also demonstrated absolutely no hydrogen-induced degradation of its strength properties, a factor which could contribute to the reduction of costs related to the construction and maintenance of hydrogen refueling stations, owing to the downsizing and improved cooling performance of the pre-cooling systems.. |
| 58. | Junichiro Yamabe, Osamu Takakuwa, Hisao Matsunaga, Hisatake Itoga, Saburo Matsuoka, Hydrogen diffusivity and tensile-ductility loss of solution-treated austenitic stainless steels with external and internal hydrogen, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.04.055, 42, 18, 13289-13299, 2017.05, [URL], © 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC The effects of external and internal hydrogen on the slow-strain-rate tensile (SSRT) properties at room temperature were studied for ten types of solution-treated austenitic stainless steels containing a small amount of additive elements. The hydrogen diffusivity and solubility of the steels were measured with high-pressure hydrogen gas. The remarkable tensile-ductility loss observed in the SSRT tests was attributed to hydrogen-induced successive crack growth (HISCG) and was successfully quantified according to the nickel-equivalent content (Nieq), which represents the stability of the austenitic phase. The relative reduction in area (RRA) of the steels with a larger Nieq was influenced by the hydrogen distribution, whereas that of the steels with a smaller Nieq was not. This unique trend was interpreted with regard to the hydrogen distribution and fracture morphology (HISCG or microvoid coalescence).. |
| 59. | S. Okazaki, K. Wada, H. Matsunaga, M. Endo, The influence of static crack-opening stress on the threshold level for shear-mode fatigue crack growth in bearing steels, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2016.12.007, 174, 127-138, 2017.04, [URL], © 2016 Elsevier Ltd An investigation was conducted into the influence of statically-applied, mode I, crack-opening load on the threshold condition for propagation of a shear-mode fatigue crack in a bearing steel. Torsional fatigue test was carried out at an R of −1 using a hollow cylindrical specimen into which a semi-elliptical, small slit was axially introduced. A static axial compressive stress was simultaneously applied to suppress crack branching. A coplanar, shear-mode, non-propagating fatigue crack emanating from the slit was attained by appropriate control of shear stress amplitude. Internal pressure was then applied to generate a hoop stress as a static crack-opening stress, σθ static. Consequently, the threshold shear-mode stress intensity factor range, ΔKτth, was significantly decreased with increase of the static mode I stress intensity factor. To further understand the contribution of σθ static to the reduction in ΔKτth, microstructural observations for the cross-sections of a non-propagating crack were conducted using a scanning electron microscope in conjunction with the electron backscatter diffraction analysis. The results revealed that the excess loading of σθ static accounts for the change in the crack-path, resulting in a further reduction in ΔKτth.. |
| 60. | , [URL]. |
| 61. | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板突合せ溶接継手の疲労寿命特性に及ぼす水素の影響. |
| 62. | M. Åman, S. Okazaki, H. Matsunaga, G. B. Marquis, H. Remes, Interaction effect of adjacent small defects on the fatigue limit of a medium carbon steel, Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, 10.1111/ffe.12482, 40, 1, 130-144, 2017.01, [URL], © 2016 Wiley Publishing Ltd. Structural steels contain various material irregularities and natural defects which cause local stress concentrations from which fatigue cracks tend to initiate. Two defects in close proximity to each other may affect local stress distributions, and thus, begin to interact. In this paper, the effect of interacting small cracks on the fatigue limit is systematically investigated in a medium carbon steel. The growth of interacting cracks, as well as the characteristics of non-propagating cracks and microstructural aspects, was closely examined via the plastic replica method. It was found that although the fatigue limit is essentially controlled by the mechanics of interacting cracks, based on their configuration, the local microstructure comprised ferrite and pearlite has a statistical scatter effect on the behaviour of interacting cracks and non-propagating thresholds. With respect to the fatigue limit, when two defects were in close proximity, they behaved as a larger single defect. However, with greater spacing between defects, rather than mechanical factors, it is the local microstructure which determines the location and characteristics of non-propagating cracks.. |
| 63. | Matsuoka Saburo, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Hydrogen-induced ductility loss of austenitic stainless steels for slow strain rate tensile testing in high-pressure hydrogen gas, Solid State Phenomena, 258, pp. 259-264, 2016.12. |
| 64. | Setsuo Takaki, Shigenobu Nanba, Kazunari Imakawa, Arnaud Macadre, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao Matsunaga, Saburo Matsuoka, Determination of hydrogen compatibility for solution-treated austenitic stainless steels based on a newly proposed nickel-equivalent equation, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.06.193, 41, 33, 15095-15100, 2016.09, [URL], © 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC The nickel-equivalent equation for the materials selection of solution-treated austenitic stainless steels in present Japanese regulations does not consider nitrogen, which can improve resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. For the authorization of various austenitic stainless steels for use in high-pressure hydrogen gas and based on investigations of eight types of solution-treated austenitic stainless steels, this paper presented a newly proposed nickel-equivalent equation considering nitrogen. After tensile testing to the true strain ε of 0.3 in air at both room temperature (RT) and 228 K, the strain-induced martensite content VM was measured by a saturation magnetization technique; the VM correlated well with the proposed nickel-equivalent equation. For slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) testing in hydrogen gas at RT, the relative reduction in area (RRA) was consistently lower with increased VM for ε = 0.3 at 228 K. This suggests that the austenitic phase stability is crucial in determining the RRA of the present austenitic stainless steels and the RRA was successfully quantified by the proposed equation.. |
| 65. | Junichiro Yamabe, Daiki Takagoshi, Hisao Matsunaga, Saburo Matsuoka, Takahiro Ishikawa, Takenori Ichigi, High-strength copper-based alloy with excellent resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.156, 41, 33, 15089-15094, 2016.09, [URL], © 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC High-pressure components are generally designed with safety factors based on the tensile strength (TS) of the material; accordingly, materials with higher TS permit designed components with thinner walls, which reduce the weight and cost of the parts. However, many high-strength metals are severely degraded by hydrogen. To this point, efforts to develop a high-strength metal with a TS far beyond 1000 MPa and excellent resistance to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) have failed. This study introduces a high-strength metal with an excellent HE resistance, composed of a precipitation-hardened copper-beryllium alloy with the TS of 1400 MPa. Slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests of both smooth and notched specimens were performed in 115-MPa hydrogen gas at room temperature (RT). The alloy had a relative reduction in area RRA ≈ 1 and a relative notch tensile strength RNTS ≈ 1, without degradation in either characteristic.. |
| 66. | 水素ステーション実証試験で使用されたプレクーラー用冷却パイプの事例解析. |
| 67. | Hisao MATSUNAGA, Takuya Nakashima, Kosei Yamada, Takashi Matsuo, Junichiro Yamabe, Saburo MATSUOKA, Effect of Test Frequency on Hydrogen-enhanced Fatigue Crack Growth in Type 304 Stainless Steel and Ductile Cast Iron, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP(2016), 2016.07. |
| 68. | Yuhei Ogawa, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Michio Yoshikawa, Junichiro Yamabe, Saburo MATSUOKA, Fatigue life properties and anomalous macroscopic fatigue fracture surfaces of low carbon steel JIS-SM490B in high-pressure hydrogen gas environment, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP(2016), 2016.07. |
| 69. | Saburo MATSUOKA, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Mechanism of Hydrogen-Assisted Surface Crack Growth of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Slow Strain Rate Tensile Test, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP(2016), 2016.07. |
| 70. | Junichiro Yamabe, Michio Yoshikawa, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Matsuoka Saburo, Effects of hydrogen pressure, test frequency and test temperature on fatigue crack growth properties of low-carbon steel in gaseous hydrogen, Structural Integrity Procedia, 2, pp. 525-532, 2016.07. |
| 71. | M. Endo, S. Okazaki, H. Matsunaga, S. Moriyama, K. Munaoka, K. Yanase, A New Fatigue Testing Machine for Investigating the Behavior of Small Shear-Mode Fatigue Cracks, Experimental Techniques, 10.1007/s40799-016-0102-0, 40, 3, 1065-1073, 2016.06, [URL], © 2016, The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc. The investigation of the behavior of small shear-mode fatigue cracks in the high-cycle fatigue regime is essential to understand the mechanism of rolling-contact fatigue failures, such as flaking in bearings and shelling in rails, from the fracture mechanics point of view. The stable growth of a shear-mode fatigue crack was achieved by applying static compression to a specimen in a cyclic torsion fatigue test. This loading condition is usually obtained by a combined tension-torsion testing machine with a servo-hydraulic control system. In this study, a new testing machine was developed and found to be superior to the servo-hydraulic testing machine in terms of price, operation/maintenance costs, operating speed, and installation volume. For substantiation and demonstration purposes, a shear-mode fatigue crack growth test with a bearing steel was also carried out using both the new and the conventional servo-hydraulic testing machines. The experiments revealed that under the same loading conditions, nonpropagating shear-mode cracks of similar size and geometry could be obtained by the respective testing machines. Thus, it was concluded that the new testing machine has equivalent capabilities to the servo-hydraulic testing machine in performing shear-mode fatigue crack growth tests.. |
| 72. | Junichiro Yamabe, Michio Yoshikawa, Hisao Matsunaga, Matsuoka Saburo, Effects of hydrogen pressure, test frequency and test temperature on fatigue crack growth properties of low-carbon steel in gaseous hydrogen, Structural Integrity Procedia, 2016.06. |
| 73. | Saburo Matsuoka, Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao Matsunaga, Criteria for determining hydrogen compatibility and the mechanisms for hydrogen-assisted, surface crack growth in austenitic stainless steels, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2015.12.023, 153, 103-127, 2016.03, [URL], © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. To establish novel criteria for determining the hydrogen compatibility of austenitic stainless steels, as well as to elucidate the mechanisms for hydrogen-assisted surface crack growth (HASCG), slow strain rate tensile (SSRT), elasto-plastic fracture toughness (JIC), fatigue crack growth and fatigue life tests were performed on Types 304, 316 and 316L steels in high-pressure hydrogen gas. As a criterion for the use of austenitic stainless steels with lower austenitic stability in hydrogen gas, a reduction in area (RA) in hydrogen gas, φH≥57%, or a relative reduction in area, RRA≥0.68, is proposed to ensure that there is no degradation in tensile strength by hydrogen. Observation of fracture surface morphologies and crack growth behaviours demonstrated that, in high-pressure hydrogen gas, SSRT surface crack grew via the same mechanism as for JIC crack and fatigue crack, i.e., these cracks successively grew with a sharp shape under the loading process, due to a localized slip deformation near the crack tip. Based on the elucidated HASCG mechanism, total elongation in hydrogen gas, δH≥10%, or, φH≥10%, is also introduced as another criterion.. |
| 74. | Kaneaki Tsuzaki, Koki Fukuda, Motomichi Koyama, Hisao Matsunaga, Hexagonal close-packed Martensite-related Fatigue Crack Growth under the Influence of Hydrogen: Example of Fe–15Mn–10Cr–8Ni–4Si Austenitic Alloy, Scripta Materialia, 1016/j.scriptamat.2015.10.016, Vol. 113, pp. 6-9, 2016.03, [URL]. |
| 75. | Junichiro Yamabe, Hisatake Itoga, Tohru Awane, Takashi Matsuo, Hisao Matsunaga, Saburo Matsuoka, Pressure Cycle Testing of Cr-Mo Steel Pressure Vessels Subjected to Gaseous Hydrogen, Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, Transactions of the ASME, 10.1115/1.4030086, 138, 1, 2016.02, [URL], © 2016 by ASME. Pressure cycle tests were performed on two types of Cr-Mo steel pressure vessels with notches machined on their inside under hydrogen-gas pressures, between 0.6 and 45 MPa at room temperature. Fatigue crack growth (FCG) and fracture toughness tests of the Cr-Mo steels samples from the vessels were also carried out in gaseous hydrogen. The Cr-Mo steels showed accelerated FCG rates in gaseous hydrogen compared to ambient air. The fracture toughness of the Cr-Mo steels in gaseous hydrogen was significantly smaller than that in ambient air. Four pressure vessels were tested with gaseous hydrogen. All pressure vessels failed by leak-before-break (LBB). The LBB failure of one pressure vessel could not be estimated by using the fracture toughness in gaseous hydrogen K |
| 76. | , [URL]. |
| 77. | Hisao Matsunaga, Chengqi Sun, Youshi Hong, Yukitaka Murakami, Dominant Factors for Very-High-Cycle Fatigue of High-Strength Steels and a New Design Method for Components, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 10.1111/ffe.12331, Vol. 38, pp. 1274-1284, 2015.11, [URL]. |
| 78. | P. Lorenzino, S. Okazaki, H. Matsunaga, Y. Murakami, Effect of small defect orientation on fatigue limit of carbon steels, Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, 10.1111/ffe.12321, 38, 9, 1076-1086, 2015.09, [URL], © 2015 Wiley Publishing Ltd. In order to clarify the effect of defect orientation on the fatigue limit of two types of steels, JIS-S15C and JIS-S45C, a small semi-circular slit was introduced onto the surface of a round specimen. The slit was tilted at 0 , 30 or 60 with respect to the plane normal to the loading axis, but all of them had the same defect size, area?=?188 μm, where the area denotes the area of the domain defined by projecting the defect on a plane normal to the loading axis. In all the combinations of the materials and tilt angles, a non-propagating crack was found at or just below the fatigue limit, that is, the fatigue limit was determined by the non-propagation condition of a crack initiated from the defect. In both steels, the fatigue limit was found to be nearly independent of the tilt angle for the same value of projected size area, which was in good agreement with the prediction by the area parameter model. In this paper, a mechanistic explanation for the insensitivity of the fatigue limit to the tilt angle is proposed.. |
| 79. | Yamabe Junichiro, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Yoshiyuki Furuya, Saburo MATSUOKA, ON THE MATERIAL QUALIFICATION AND STRENGTH DESIGN FOR HYDROGEN SERVICE, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP, 2015.07. |
| 80. | Hisatake ITOGA, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Yamabe Junichiro, Saburo MATSUOKA, EFFECTS OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL HYDROGEN ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS CONTAINING ADDITIVE ELEMENTS, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP, 2015.07. |
| 81. | Hisao MATSUNAGA, Ryota Kondo, Yamabe Junichiro, Michio Yoshikawa, Hisatake ITOGA, Saburo MATSUOKA, HYDROGEN-ASSISTED CRACKING OF CR-MO STEEL IN SLOW STRAIN RATE TENSILE TEST WITH HIGH-PRESSURE GASEOUS HYDROGEN, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP, 2015.07. |
| 82. | , [URL]. |
| 83. | Hisao Matsunaga, Michio Yoshikawa, Ryota Kondo, Junichiro Yamabe, Saburo Matsuoka, Slow strain rate tensile and fatigue properties of Cr-Mo and carbon steels in a 115 MPa hydrogen gas atmosphere, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.02.098, 40, 16, 5739-5748, 2015.05, [URL], Copyright © 2015, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Abstract Slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests were performed using smooth specimens of two types of steels, the Cr-Mo steel, JIS-SCM435, which has a tempered, martensitic microstructure, and the carbon steel, JIS-SM490B, which has a ferrite/pearlite microstructure. The tests were carried out in nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas, under a pressure of 115 MPa at three different temperatures: 233 K, room temperature and 393 K. In nitrogen gas, these steels exhibited the so-called cup-and-cone fracture at every temperature. In contrast, surface cracking led to a marked reduction in ductility in both steels in hydrogen gas. Nonetheless, even in hydrogen gas, JIS-SCM435 exhibited some reduction of area after the stress-displacement curve reached the tensile strength (TS), whereas JIS-SM490B demonstrated little, if any, necking in hydrogen gas. In addition, tension-compression fatigue testing at room temperature revealed that these steels show no noticeable degradation in fatigue strengths in hydrogen gas, especially in the relatively long-life regime. Considering that there was little or no hydrogen-induced degradation in either the TS or the fatigue strength in JIS-SCM435, it is suggested that the JIS-SCM435 is eligible for safety factor-based fatigue limit design for hydrogen service under pressures up to 115 MPa.. |
| 84. | Junichiro Yamabe, Hisao Matsunaga, Yoshiyuki Furuya, Shigeru Hamada, Hisatake Itoga, Michio Yoshikawa, Etsuo Takeuchi, Saburo Matsuoka, Qualification of chromium-molybdenum steel based on the safety factor multiplier method in CHMC1-2014, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.10.114, 40, 1, 719-728, 2015.01, [URL], © 2014 Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. To clarify the usefulness of the safety factor multiplier method for Cr-Mo steel in the CHMC1-2014 standard for hydrogen-service components, slow-strain-rate tests of smooth and notched specimens and fatigue tests of notched specimens were performed in air and in 115 MPa hydrogen gas. The series of tests determined a safety factor multiplier of ≈3.0, which allowed only quite small design stresses for Cr-Mo steel. Furthermore, the safety factor multiplier can be predicted by fatigue crack growth (FCG) analysis for a notched specimen, i.e., in this respect, the fatigue test of notched specimen is a kind of FCG test. On the basis of this idea, safety factor multipliers for types 304, 316, and 316L austenitic stainless steels were predicted from FCG data to be 2.0, 1.6, and 1.3, respectively. Because the results demonstrate that the safety factor multiplier method provides overly conservative safety factors for some steels, design methods for specific component applications by testing based on design by rule and design by analysis are newly proposed.. |
| 85. | Saburo Okazaki, Hisao Matsunaga, Tohru Ueda, Hiroki Komata, Masahiro Endo, A practical expression for evaluating the small shear-mode fatigue crack threshold in bearing steel, THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS, 10.1016/j.tafmec.2014.07.016, 73, 161-169, 2014.10, [URL], The ranges of the threshold stress intensity factor (SIF), Delta K-IIth and Delta K-IIIth, for small shear-mode cracks in bearing steel are measured using torsional fatigue testing under static compression. The threshold values are described as a function of the crack size and the crack-face interference. In addition, to simplify the evaluation of the shear-mode threshold, a single parameter, K-tau, is introduced to represent the SIF of shear-mode cracks. Moreover, a practical expression for approximating K-tau is proposed on the basis of the root area parameter model. Finally, the threshold SIF range Delta K-tau th is found to exhibit a dependence on the crack size similar to that of small mode I cracks, i.e., Delta K-tau th proportional to (root area)(1/3), for the regime of small shear-mode cracks with root area values ranging from 0.01 to 1 mm. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.. |
| 86. | Hisao MATSUNAGA, Chengqi Sun, Youshi Hong, Yukitaka Murakami, Dominant Factors for Very High Cycle Fatigue of High Strength Steels, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Very High Cycle Fatigue (VHCF-6), 2014.10. |
| 87. | Hisao MATSUNAGA, Michio Yoshikawa, Hisatake ITOGA, Yamabe Junichiro, Shigeru Hamada, Saburo MATSUOKA, TENSILE- AND FATIGUE-PROPERTIES OF LOW ALLOY STEEL JIS-SCM435 AND CARBON STEEL JIS-SM490B IN 115 MPA HYDROGEN GAS, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP, 10.1115/PVP2014-28511, 2014.07, [URL]. |
| 88. | Yamabe Junichiro, Hisatake ITOGA, Torhu Awane, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Shigeru Hamada, Saburo MATSUOKA, FATIGUE-LIFE AND LEAK-BEFORE-BREAK ASSESSMENTS OF CR-MO STEEL PRESSURE VESSELS WITH HIGH-PRESSURE GASEOUS HYDROGEN, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP, 10.1115/PVP2014-28604, 2014.07, [URL]. |
| 89. | Hisatake ITOGA, Takashi Matsuo, Akihiro Orita, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Saburo MATSUOKA, Ryuichi Hirotani, SSRT AND FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH PROPERTIES OF HIGH-STRENGTH AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS IN HIGH-PRESSURE HYDROGEN GAS, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP, 10.1115/PVP2014-28640, 2014.07, [URL]. |
| 90. | H. Matsunaga, M. Makizaki, D. F. Socie, K. Yanase, M. Endo, Acceleration of fatigue crack growth due to occasional mode II loading in 7075 aluminum alloy, ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS, 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2014.04.015, 123, 126-136, 2014.06, [URL], The effect of an occasional mode II loading on the subsequent mode I fatigue crack growth was investigated in a thin-walled 7075-T6511 aluminum alloy tube. Careful observation of crack growth behavior revealed that an occasional mode II loading has two contrasting effects on the subsequent crack growth. First is a retardation effect that is associated with a crack closure development due to the mode II loading. However, this effect was insignificant with respect to the crack growth life as a whole. Second is an acceleration effect that is associated with an accelerated crack growth rate in mode II. It was found that, in a relatively high Delta K regime, mode II crack growth was from one to two orders of magnitude faster than mode I crack growth. This study shows that mode II crack growth should be considered as a predominant factor in evaluating the effect of an occasional mode II loading for a mode I crack in 7075 aluminum alloy. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.. |
| 91. | Hisao MATSUNAGA, Hiroki KOMATA, Yamabe Junichiro, Yoshihiro FUKUSHIMA, Saburo MATSUOKA, Effect of Size and Depth of Small Defect on the Rolling Contact Fatigue Strength of Bearing Steel JIS-SUJ2, Procedia Materials Science, 10.1016/j.mspro.2014.06.268, 3, 1663-1668, 2014.06. |
| 92. | Pablo Lorenzino, Saburo Okazaki, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Yukitaka MURAKAMI, Effect of orientation of small defects on fatigue limit of steels, MATEC Web of Conferences, 10.1051/matecconf/20141207001, 12, Article number 07001, 2014.06. |
| 93. | Hisao Matsunaga, Teruki Usuda, Keiji Yanase, Masahiro Endo, Ductility loss in ductile cast iron with internal hydrogen, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 10.1007/s11661-013-2109-9, 45, 3, 1315-1326, 2014.03, [URL], Hydrogen-induced ductility loss in ductile cast iron (DCI) was studied by conducting a series of tensile tests with three different crosshead speeds. By utilizing the thermal desorption spectroscopy and the hydrogen microprint technique, it was found that most of the solute hydrogen was diffusive and mainly segregated at the graphite, graphite/matrix interface zone, and the cementite of pearlite in the matrix. The fracture process of the non-charged specimen was dominated by the ductile dimple fracture, whereas that of the hydrogen-charged specimen became less ductile because of the accompanying interconnecting cracks between the adjacent graphite nodules. Inside the hydrogen-charged specimen, the interspaces generated by the interfacial debonding between graphite and matrix are filled with hydrogen gas in the early stage of the fracture process. In the subsequent fracture process, such a local hydrogen gas atmosphere coupled with a stress-induced diffusion attracts hydrogen to the crack tip, which results in a time-dependent ductility loss. © 2013 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International.. |
| 94. | Hisatake ITOGA, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Saburo MATSUOKA, Effect of Hydrogen Gas on the Growth of Small Fatigue Crack in JIS-SCM435, Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 891-892, pp. 942-947, 2014.01. |
| 95. | YUKITAKA MURAKAMI, Yamabe Junichiro, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Microscopic Mechanism of Hydrogen Embrittlement in Fatigue and Fracture, Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 592, pp. 3-13, 2014.01. |
| 96. | , [URL]. |
| 97. | H. Matsunaga, M. Makizaki, K. Yanase, Finite element modeling of plasticity-induced crack closure due to occasional mode II loading on mode I fatigue crack growth, ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS, 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2013.09.001, 111, 38-49, 2013.10, [URL], Plasticity-induced fatigue crack closure associated with occasional mode II loading was simulated for two-dimensional middle-crack tension geometry by using the finite element method. When a single mode II cycle was superposed onto the steady-state mode I crack growth, the range of crack tip opening displacement, Delta CTOD, exhibited the initial drop and subsequent recovery under plane strain condition. On the other hand, under plane stress condition, Delta CTOD exhibited the initial jump and drop right after the single mode II loading, and then it showed the recovery. The present results indicate that occasional mode II loading can cause a small retardation for mode I crack growth due to the enhanced plasticity-induced closure. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.. |
| 98. | Y. Murakami, H. Matsunaga, A. Abyazi, Y. Fukushima, Defect size dependence on threshold stress intensity for high-strength steel with internal hydrogen, FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES, 10.1111/ffe.12077, 36, 9, 836-850, 2013.09, [URL], A series of tensile tests were carried out using hydrogen-precharged specimens of SAE52100. Two types of tensile specimens were used: (i) smooth specimens and (ii) specimens having various shapes of artificial defects with sizes of about 35-500 mu m. In the smooth specimens, fracture origins were non-metallic inclusions with the size of 10-30 mu m (e.g. Al2O3.(CaO)(x), TiN and TiC). In both types of specimens, hydrogen charging drastically decreased the tensile strength. The fracture toughness determined for the small defects at the fracture origin, that is, the threshold stress intensity K-TH calculated from the defect size |
| 99. | , [URL]. |
| 100. | Teruki USUDA, Kenshin MATSUNO, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Keiji YANASE, Masahiro ENDO, Hydrogen-induced Ductility Loss in Cast Irons, Materials Science Forum, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.750.264, 750, 260-263, 2013.02. |
| 101. | Masahiko MAKIZAKI, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Keiji YANASE, Masahiro ENDO, Effect of Occasional Shear Loading on Fatigue Crack Growth in 7075 Aluminum Alloy, Materials Science Forum, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.750.264, 750, 264-267, 2013.02, Effect of occasional mode II loading on subsequent mode I fatigue crack growth behavior was investigated by using a thin-walled tube made of 7075-T6511 aluminum alloy. Careful observation of crack growth behavior revealed that the occasional mode II loading has two contradictory effects for crack growth behavior. The first is a retardation effect that is associated with the plastic deformation near crack tip. However, this effect is negligibly small for the crack growth life as a whole. The second is an acceleration effect caused by mode II fatigue crack growth itself. It was found that under relatively high ΔK level, the mode II crack growth was about an order magnitude faster than mode I crack growth. Therefore, to properly evaluate the effect of occasional shear loading in the 7075 alloy, the mode II crack growth should be taken into account.. |
| 102. | Saburo OKAZAKI, Atsushi KUSABA, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Masahiro ENDO, Investigation for small shear-mode fatigue cracks in bearing steels, Materials Science Forum, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.750.264, 750, 236-239, 2013.02. |
| 103. | Ductility loss in Hydrogen-charged Ductile Cast Iron Hydrogen-induced ductility loss in ductile cast iron (DCI) was studied by conducting a series of tensile tests with three different crosshead speeds. By utilizing the thermal desorption spectroscopy and the hydrogen microprint technique, it was found that most of the solute hydrogen was diffusive and mainly segregated at the graphite, graphite/matrix interface zone and the cementite of pearlite in the matrix. The fracture process of the non-charged specimen was dominated by the ductile dimple fracture, whereas that of the hydrogen-charged specimen became less ductile by accompanying the interconnecting cracks between the adjacent graphite nodules. Inside of the hydrogen-charged specimen, the interspaces generated by the interfacial debonding between graphite and matrix are filled with hydrogen gas in the early stage of the fracture process. In the subsequent fracture process, such a local hydrogen gas atmosphere coupled with a stress-induced diffusion attracts hydrogen to the crack tip, which results in a time-dependent ductility loss.. |
| 104. | Small crack effect on threshold stress intensity K The size effect of the threshold stress intensity KTH for hydrogen-precharged specimens of SAE52100 were investigated. Four types of tensile specimens were used: (i) smooth specimens and (ii) specimens having various shapes of artificial defects with sizes of about 35 ∼ 500 um. In the smooth specimens, fracture origins were nonmetallic inclusions with the size of 10 ∼ 30 um (e.g. Al2O3·(CaO)x, TiN and TiC). The fracture toughness determined for the small defects at fracture origin, i.e. the KTH calculated from the defect size √area and the fracture tensile stress σf, showed a defect size dependence, where, area denotes the area of the domain defined by projecting the defect on a plane normal to the cylindrical axis of the specimen. The values of KTH for both the nonmetallic inclusions and artificial defects were much smaller than those for large cracks measured by the standard WOL and CT specimens.. |
| 105. | K.Matsuno, H.Matsunaga, M.Endo, and K.Yanase, Effect of hydrogen on uniaxial tensile behaviors of a ductile cast iron, International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series, 10.1142/S2010194512003522, 6, 407-412, 2012.06. |
| 106. | Hisao Matsunaga, Hiroshi Noda, Visualization of Hydrogen Diffusion in a Hydrogen-Enhanced Fatigue Crack Growth in Type 304 Stainless Steel, METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, 10.1007/s11661-011-0661-8, 42A, 9, 2696-2705, 2011.09, [URL], To study the influence of hydrogen on the fatigue strength of AISI type 304 metastable austenitic stainless steel, specimens were cathodically charged with hydrogen. Using tension-compression fatigue tests, the behavior of fatigue crack growth from a small drill hole in the hydrogen-charged specimen was compared with that of noncharged specimen. Hydrogen charging led to a marked increase in the crack growth rate. Typical characteristics of hydrogen effect were observed in the slip band morphology and fatigue striation. To elucidate the behavior of hydrogen diffusion microscopically in the fatigue process, the hydrogen emission from the specimens was visualized using the hydrogen microprint technique (HMT). In the hydrogen-charged specimen, hydrogen emissions were mainly observed in the vicinity of the fatigue crack. Comparison between the HMT image and the etched microstructure image revealed that the slip bands worked as a pathway for hydrogen to move preferentially. Hydrogen-charging resulted in a significant change in the phase transformation behavior in the fatigue process. In the noncharged specimen, a massive type alpha' martensite was observed in the vicinity of the fatigue crack. On the other hand, in the hydrogen-charged specimen, large amounts of epsilon martensite and a smaller amount of alpha' martensite were observed along the slip bands. The results indicated that solute hydrogen facilitated the epsilon martensitic transformation in the fatigue process. Comparison between the results of HMT and EBSD inferred that martensitic transformations as well as plastic deformation itself can enhance the mobility of hydrogen.. |
| 107. | Naoya Shomura, Keiji Yanase, Hisao Matsunaga, Masahiro Endo, Effects of Crack Size and Crack Face Interference on Shear Fatigue Crack Growth in a Bearing Steel, Advanced Materials Research, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.275.15, 275, 15-18, 2011.07. |
| 108. | Toshiya Shingo, Keiji Yanase, Hisao Matsunaga, Masahiro Endo, An Analysis of Fatigue Strength of Notched Components, Advanced Materials Research, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.275.43, 275, 43-46, 2011.07. |
| 109. | Hisao Matsunaga, Kenshin Matsuno, Katsuya Hayashida, Effect of Hydrogen on Tensile Properties of a Ductile Cast Iron, Proceedings of TMS 2011 Annual Meeting, 2011.03. |
| 110. | Naoya Shomura, Daisuke Koyanagi, Hisao Matsunaga, Masahiro Endo, Interference of Crack Faces and Shear-Mode Fatigue Crack Threshold in a Bearing Steel , Multiscaling of Synthetic and Natural Systems with Self-Adoptive Capability (Proc. of Mesomechanics 2010), 153-156, 2010.06. |
| 111. | Hisao Matsunaga, Effect of Interference of Crack Faces on Shear-mode Threshold for Small Fatigue Cracks in a Bearing steel, Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Multiaxial Fatigue and Fracture (ICMFF9), 2010.06. |
| 112. | Hiromasa TAKAHASHI, Shigeaki MORIYAMA, Haruhiko FURUTA, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Yuki SAKAMOTO, Toshihiro KIKUTA, Three Lateral Osteotomy Designs for Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy: Biomechanical Evaluation with Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis, Head & Face Medicine, 6:4 , 2010.03. |
| 113. | Arthur J. McEvily, Hisao Matsunaga, On Fatigue Striations, Scientia Iranica, Transaction B: Mechanical Engineering, 17, pp.75-82, 2010.02. |
| 114. | Hisao MATSUNAGA, Naoya SHOMURA, Satoshi MURAMOTO, Masahiro ENDO, Shear Mode Threshold for a Small Fatigue Crack in a Bearing Steel, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 10.1111/j.1460-2695.2010.01495.x, 34, 72-82, 2010.01, [URL]. |
| 115. | Daisuke Koyanagi, Naoya Shomura, Masahiro Endo, Hisao Matsunaga, Shigeaki Moriyama, Near-threshold Fatigue Behaviors of Small Shear Cracks in Bearing Steel, Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2009 (ICEM2009), 2009.11. |
| 116. | Katsuya Hayashida, Hisao Matsunaga, Masahiro Endo, Hydrogen Emission in Fatigue Process of Hydrogen-charged Austenitic Stainless Steels, Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2009 (ICEM2009), doi:10.1117/12.852121, 2009.11. |
| 117. | Shear mode growth and threshold of small fatigue cracks in SUJ2 bearing steel The shear mode propagation and threshold behaviors of small, semi-elliptical fatigue cracks were investigated in the JIS-SUJ2 bearing steel. Fully-reversed torsional loading was combined with a static axial compressive load to obtain crack growth in the longitudinal direction of cylindrical specimens. Non-propagating cracks smaller than ≅1 mm in size were obtained (i) by decreasing the stress amplitude in tests using notched specimens, and (ii) by using smooth specimens in constant stress amplitude tests. The Mode II and Mode III threshold stress intensity factor ranges, δKIIth and δKIIIth, were estimated from the shapes and dimensions of non-propagating cracks. The threshold values decreased with a decrease in crack size, and there was no significant difference between δKIIth and δKIIIth- Wear on the crack faces was inferred by a powder and also by changes in microstructure in the wake of a crack. The Aftnth in the absence of interference of crack faces was estimated to be approximately 13MPa- m1/2 for a 1mm long crack. © 2009 The Society of Materials Science.. |
| 118. | A. J. McEvily, T. Nakamura, H. Oguma, K. Yamashita, H. Matsunaga and, M. Endo, On the mechanism of very high cycle fatigue in Ti–6Al–4V, Scripta Materialia, 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.08.012, 59, 11, 1207-1209, 2008.12, A mechanism of fatigue crack advance involving the erosion of crack closure in vacuum is proposed to account for the very high cycle fatigue of Ti-6Al-4V. © 2008 Acta Materialia Inc.. |
| 119. | Aj. McEvily, M. Endo, K. Yamashita, S. Ishihara, H. Matsunaga, Fatigue notch sensitivity and the notch size effect, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE, 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.07.001, 30, 12, 2087-2093, 2008.12, It has long been known that the fatigue notch factor K-F, given by sigma(w0)/sigma(w) where sigma(w0) is smooth specimen fatigue strength (R = -1) and sigma(w), is the fatigue strength of a notch-containing specimen, is less than the theoretical stress concentration factor, K-T. Empirical rules have been proposed by Peterson and by Kuhn and Hardrath for the estimation of K-F which involve the notch radius and a material constant. El Haddad, Topper and Smith provided one means for understanding the factors determining K-F. The present paper provides an alternative approach based upon a consideration of the development of fatigue crack closure. The effect of crack closure on the formation of non-propagating cracks is also discussed. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.. |
| 120. | Hisao Matsunaga, Satoshi Muramoto, Masahiro Endo, Threshold of Shear-mode Fatigue Crack Growth in Bearing Steel, Proceedings of 17th European Conference on Fracture (ECF17), 2008.09. |
| 121. | Satoshi Muramoto, Hisao Matsunaga, Shigeaki Moriyama, Masahiro Endo, Crack Size Dependency of Shear-mode Fatigue Crack Threshold in Bearing Steel, Key Engineering Materials, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.385-387.449, 385-387, 449-452, 2008.07. |
| 122. | A. J. McEvily, S. Ishihara, M. Endo, H. Sakai, H. Matsunaga, On one- and two-parameter analyses of short fatigue crack growth, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE, 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2006.11.012, 29, 12, 2237-2245, 2007.12, Recent data on short fatigue crack growth in two cast and hot isostatically pressed (hipped) aluminum alloys obtained by Shyam, Allison and Jones have been analyzed in terms of a previously proposed one-parameter short crack model which includes consideration of elastic-plastic effects, the Kitagawa effect and the development of crack closure in the wake of a newly formed crack. The material constants obtained in a prior investigation of short crack growth behavior in a cast aluminum alloy tested under fully reversed loading were used as a basis for the present analysis. The predicted rates of fatigue crack propagation are in accord with the experimental results. In the discussion, aspects of the two-parameter approach presented by Shyam et al. are compared with those of the one-parameter method of analysis used herein. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.. |
| 123. | A. J. McEvily, M. Endo, S. Cho, J. Kasivitamnuay, H. Matsunaga, Fatigue Striations and Fissures in 2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy, Materials Science Forum, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.567-568.397, 567-568, 397-400, 2007.12, A study has been made of the striations and fissures developed in the aluminum alloy 2024-T3 during fatigue crack growth. Fissures were found to form on inclined facets. They were uniformly spaced as the result of a shielding process. Striation spacings were in accord with da/dN values at the higher levels of K investigated, but at low K levels striation spacings were larger than the corresponding da/dN values. The percentage of the fracture surface containing striations varied with the K level, ranging from less than 1 % at low K levels to 80 % at higher K levels. The reason for the discrepancy between the spacing of striations and the corresponding da/dN values is discussed.. |
| 124. | Daisuke Cho, Hisao Matsunaga, Shear-type Fatigue Crack Growth in SAE52100 Steel, Key Engineering Materials, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.353-358.287, 353-358, 287-290, 2007.09. |
| 125. | Hiroshi NODA, Hisao MATSUNAGA, Fatigue Crack Growth Acceleration Due to Hydrogen in Type 304 Stainless Steel, Key Engineering Materials, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.345-346.319, 345-346, 319-322, 2007.09. |
| 126. | Hiroshi Noda, Hisao Matsunaga, Hydrogen Emission and Martensitic Transformation in the Vicinity of Fatigue Cracks in Hydrogen-charged Type 304 Stainless Steel, Proceedings of International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics '07 (ATEM'07), 2007.09. |
| 127. | Hisao Matsunaga, Daisuke Cho, Satoshi Muramoto, Shear-Mode Fatigue Crack Growth in Bearing Steel, Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Multiaxial Fatigue and Fracture (ICMFF8), 2007.06. |
| 128. | Yukitaka Murakami, Hisao Matsunaga, The effect of hydrogen on fatigue properties of steels used for fuel cell system, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE, 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2005.06.059, 28, 11, 1509-1520, 2006.11, The effect of hydrogen on the fatigue properties of alloys which are used in fuel cell (FC) systems has been investigated. In a typical FC system, various alloys are used in hydrogen environments and are subjected to cyclic loading due to pressurization, mechanical vibrations, etc. The materials investigated were three austenitic stainless steels (SUS304, SUS316 and SUS316L), one ferritic stainless steel (SUS405), one martensitic stainless steel (0.7C-13Cr), a Cr-Mo martensitic steel (SCM435) and an annealed medium-carbon steel (0.47C). In order to simulate the pick-up of hydrogen in service, the specimens were charged with hydrogen. The fatigue crack growth behavior of charged specimens of SUS304, SUS316, SUS316L and SUS405 was compared with that of specimens which had not been hydrogen-charged. The comparison showed that there was a degradation in fatigue crack growth resistance due to hydrogen in the cases of SUS304 and SUS316 austenitic stainless steels. However, SUS316L and SUS405 showed little, if any, degradation due to hydrogen. The results of S-N testing showed that in the cases of the 0.7C-13Cr stainless steel and the Cr-Mo steel a marked decrease in fatigue resistance due to hydrogen occurred. In the case of the medium carbon steel hydrogen did not cause a reduction in fatigue behavior. Examination of the slip band characteristics of a number of the alloys showed that slip was more localized in the case of hydrogen-charged specimens. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.. |
| 129. | Masahiro Endo, Arthur J. McEvily, Hisao Matsunaga, Dietmar Eifler, The Growth of Short Cracks from Defects under Multi-Axial Loaing, Proceedings of the 16th European Conference of Fracture, ECF16, 2006.07. |
| 130. | 10-104 Practice of Engineering Drawing Education in Mechanical Engineering. |
| 131. | Yukitaka Murakami, Junji Nagata, Hisao Matsunaga, Factors Affecting Ultralong Life Fatigue and Design Method for Components, Proceedings of the 9th International Congress on Fatigue, Fatigue 2006, 2006.05. |
| 132. | Yukitaka Murakami, Hisao Matsunaga, Effect of Hydrogen on High Cycle Fatigue Properties of Stainless Steels Used for Fuel Cell System, Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Very High Cycle Fatigue (VHCF-3), 322-333, 2004.09. |
| 133. | H Matsunaga, Y Murakami, M Kubota, JH Lee, Fatigue strength of Ti-6Al-4V alloys containing small artificial defects, MATERIALS SCIENCE RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL, 10.2472/jsms.52.12Appendix_263, 9, 4, 263-269, Vol.9, No.4, pp.263-269, 2003.12, The effects of small defects on the fatigue strength of Ti-6Al-4V were investigated in tension-compression fatigue tests. To simulate the defects, holes having 50, 200, 400, 760 and 1000mum diameters were introduced onto the surface of a series of specimens (Series A). Another series of specimens (Series B) were prepared to investigate the effect of a burr or a p re-crack which was introduced at the edge of the artificial hole. For Series A specimens, the fatigue limit was defined as the threshold for crack initiation from the edge of the hole. For Series B specimens, the fatigue limit was defined as the threshold for crack propagation from the burr or the tip of the pre-crack. The results of the fatigue tests for R=-1 indicated that the fatigue limits of Series B specimens were 20similar to60MPa lower than those of Series A specimens. In contrast to steels, non-propagating cracks did not form at the holes, a fact associated with the relatively high stress level for crack intiation from hole in Ti-6Al-4V. It was also found that the rootarea parameter model underestimated the fatigue limit of Series A specimens, but the model accurately predicted the fatigue limit defined by crack-growth threshold for Series B specimens. In addition it was noted that the presence of a burr resulted in a decrease in fatigue life, since the burr facilitated the crack initiation process.. |
| 134. | Effect of FOD on Fatigue Strength of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy. |
| 135. | Hisao MATSUNAGA, Ryuichi EZAKI and Yukitaka MURAKAMI, THE EFFECT OF HYDROGEN ON THE HIGH CYCLE FATIGUE STRENGTH OF TI-6AL-4V, The Eighth International Fatigue Congress, Fatigue 2002, Vol.4, pp.2525-2532, 2002.06. |
| 136. | Hisao Matsunaga, Yukitaka Murakami, Effect of Small Defects on Fatigue Strength of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy, APCFS & ATEM'01, Vol.1, pp366-371, 2001.10. |
| 137. | Hisao Matsunaga, Owe Mårs, Bengt Johannesson, Yukitaka Murakami, Statistical Distribution of Powder Sizes and Fatigue Strength of Powder Metal, Proceedings of The Seventh International Fatigue Congress, Fatigue ’99, 3/4, 1817-1822, 1999.06. |
| 138. | Masahiro Endo, Takumi Saito, Shigeaki Moriyama, Saburo Okazaki, Hisao MATSUNAGA, FRICTION AND WEAR PROPERTIES OF HEAT-TREATED Cr-Mo STEEL DURING RECIPROCATING SLIDING CONTACT WITH SMALL RELATIVE MOTION, Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Fracture Fatigue and Wear Wear, FFW 2015, 3, 215-220. |
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