| 森 英男（もり ひでお） | データ更新日：2023.09.29 |
准教授 ／
工学研究院
機械工学部門
流体工学講座
| 1. | Hideo Mori, Takamitsu Kuroki and Haruka Nishiyama, Dependence of Measurement Accuracy and Time Delay of Lifetime-based Dual-layer PSP/TSP on Film Thickness, Proc. of 13th Pacific Symposium on Flow Visualization and Image Processing (PSFVIP13), Paper No. 62, 2022.08, Dual-layer PSP/TSP (DL-PTSP) technique is a method to compensate for the temperature sensitivity of pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) by composite measurement of pressure and temperature, which is based on the combination of PSP and temperature-sensitive paint (TSP) technique. Applying lifetime-based calibration to DL-PTSP enables simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature by DL-PTSP with a single-camera equipment if the lifetime of PSP luminophore is very different from that of TSP luminophore. However, nonzero thickness of intermediate paint layers of DL-PTSP, separating the upper PSP layer and the lower TSP layer physically, may cause temperature difference between the PSP layer and the TSP layer, and the delay of time response of temperature measurement by the TSP layer. Although the intermediate layers of DL-PTSP cannot be eliminated completely, it is desirable to decrease their thickness, that is, it is important to clarify optimum thickness of the intermediate layers of DL-PTSP. In this study, the relation between the thickness of the intermediate layers and the properties of DL-PTSP with the lifetime-based calibration method, such as the sensitivity of pressure and temperature and the time response of temperature measurement, are examined. It is clarified that the independence of pressure measurement and temperature measurement are kept for DL-PTSP by using the lifetime-based calibration method, when the total thickness of the intermediate layers is as thin as 12µm. The time delay of the temperature measured by the TSP layer from that of the PSP layer is as small as milliseconds if the thickness of the intermediate layers is 12µm.. |
| 2. | Hideo Mori, Tomohiro Imazeki and Kil-Ju Moon, Temperature compensation for measurement of low-speed internal flow fields using fast-response pressure sensitive paint, ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference, doi.org/10.1115/AJKFluids2019-5175, 2019.07. |
| 3. | Kil Ju Moon, Hideo Mori, Masato Furukawa, Simultaneous measurement method of pressure and temperature using dual-layer PSP/TSP with lifetime-based method, Measurement Science and Technology, 10.1088/1361-6501/aae408, 29, 12, 2018.10, [URL], Recently, the application field of the pressure measurement technique using pressure sensitive paint (PSP) has been expanding. However, the temperature dependence of PSP is a serious obstacle to accurate pressure measurement in low gauge pressure conditions because PSP is an absolute pressure sensor. Therefore, the temperature information of PSP is indispensably required for accurate pressure measurement, especially in low gauge pressure conditions. As a result, both temperature information and pressure information with a function of temperature are required simultaneously to use the PSP in low gauge pressure conditions. Dual-layer PSP/temperature sensitive paint (TSP) (DL-PTSP) is one solution, but simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature requires two optical filters to separate the luminescence of PSP and TSP, resulting in complex equipment and additional error caused by parallax. To solve the problem, we introduce a lifetime-based method for DL-PTSP that allows simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature. It is a method which separates each component of luminescence with different lifetimes. Firstly, the DL-PTSP developed in this study was optimized by reducing the luminescence intensity of the PSP with a longer lifetime while maintaining the luminescence intensity of the TSP with a shorter lifetime, considering the lifetime measurement method. Secondly, we have clarified the optimum time conditions of the monolayer TSP and the monolayer PSP by analysing their luminescence decay process, by controlling the irradiation delay of the light source relative to the camera shutter. Thirdly, the sensitivity of the DL-PTSP was examined using conditions optimized for mono-layer TSP and PSP. The luminescence decay of the TSP component shows sufficient temperature dependence, while the pressure dependence is very small. On the other hand, the dependence of the luminescence decay of the PSP component on the temperature and pressure is almost equal to that of the mono-layer PSP. The results confirm the feasibility of the simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature using DL-PTSP..  |
| 4. | Hideo Mori, Keishiro Takeda, Kazuya Handa, Tomohiro Imazeki and Kil-ju Moon, APPLICATION OF FAST-RESPONSE PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAINT FOR MEASUREMENT OF INTERNAL FLOWS, The 11th Pacific Symposium on Flow Visualization and Image Processing, PSFVIP-11-085, 2017.12, There are still very few applications of pressure sensitive paint (PSP) for measurement of nonstationary pressure distribution of internal flows in mechanical engineering fields. Application method of PSP taking the luminescent images of PSP through the transparent solid body (e.g. shroud wall of turbomachinery) and translucent PSP layer enables to apply PSP to the measurement of internal flows. However, this method results in low S/N, because PSP without opaque white basecoat has low luminescent intensity and overlaying image inside the body through the transparent material and PSP layer cause significant error in taking the luminescent image of PSP. To solve the problem, we have developed the application method of PSP by using an opaque, oxygen-permeable overcoat layer having porous structure made of nanoparticles of boron nitride (BN). This overcoat enables to increase the S/N of PSP in the transparent mode, which is needed for measurement of internal flows. In this study, we apply silica nanoparticle PSP having fast time response, because the pressure distribution on a shroud wall of turbomachinery is intrinsically unsteady. To analyze the effect of the opaque overcoat on the pressure sensitivity and the time response of the PSP, we have compared the properties of the PSP with the overcoat and those of the PSP without the overcoat. As a result, it is clarified that the opaque overcoat of BN nanoparticle does not reduce the pressure sensitivity and the time response of the fast-response PSP, which can detect periodical pressure change of the order of 100Pa and lower than 3 kHz. We have applied the fast-response PSP with the overcoat to the pressure measurement of an inner wall of a test axial compressor with the blade-passing frequency of 520Hz, and the qualitative images of the pressure distribution are obtained. We consider that the most significant source of the error in the pressure measurement is the temperature-dependence of the PSP. Therefore, the simultaneous measurement of temperature distribution is needed to increase the accuracy of the pressure measurement using the PSP.. |
| 5. | 半田和也，竹田敬士郎，今関智博，文吉周，森英男, 感圧塗料を用いたターボファン内壁面における圧力分布計測手法の開発 , 可視化情報学会誌, Vol. 37, Suppl. 2, OS1-1-5, 2017.11, To measure pressure distribution on inner wall surfaces of turbofans using PSP, it is necessary to make the casing transparent and measure from the back side of the PSP coated surface. However, this method has problems such as the excitation light reflected on the rotating blade surface inside the turbofan cause uneven excitation of the PSP, and the SN ratio drops due to the inability to use the white basecoat. Therefore, in this study, by applying white opaque overcoat of boron nitride ultrafine particles (BN) to the PSP layer and functioning as a screen layer for blocking transmission of excitation light, the above problem was solved without lowering the pressure sensitivity and time response of PSP. In addition, we measure the pressure distribution on a casing of a turbofan using this method and investigate the validity of the visualization measurement of the pressure distribution on the inner wall of consumer turbomachinery with relatively low pressure rise.. |
| 6. | Kil-ju Moon, Hideo Mori, Lifetime-based method of dual-layer PSP/TSP for simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature using a single camera, 9th JSME-KSME Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference, TFEC9-1042, 2017.10, The measurement method using PSP (Pressure Sensitive Paint) is useful to measure the two-dimensional pressure distributions on solid surfaces. However, PSP has not only pressure dependence but also temperature dependence. The error of temperature dependence becomes relatively large when measuring low-gauge pressure condition because PSP is absolute pressure sensor. To solve the problem, we designed DL-PTSP (Dual layer PSP/TSP) which stack up TSP (Temperature Sensitive Paint) and PSP layers, to apply TSP to temperature compensation of PSP. In the previous studies, we showed the temperature compensation effect of DL-PTSP with the intensity-based method at non-uniform temperature field in low-gauge pressure condition. However, the intensity-based method using DL-PTSP requires two cameras for simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure because it requires two optical filters to separate the luminescence of PSP and TSP. In this study, we propose the method of simultaneous measurement using DL-PTSP with lifetime-based method. Big advantage of the method is to enable simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature with a single camera, because the different lifetime of PSP and TSP enables to separate the luminescence of PSP and TSP without using two optical filters. In addition, DL-PTSP using lifetime-based method does not require wind off images, which may cause significant error of PSP with intensity-based method. At first, we show the dependence of the lifetime of mono-layer PSP and mono-layer TSP on the pressure and the temperature, to clarify the feasibility of the lifetime-based measurement method of PSP and TSP, and we propose the detailed method to separate the luminescence of them. Finally, we apply the lifetime-based method to DL-PTSP and suggest the possibility of temperature compensation of the DL-PTSP.. |
| 7. | 文 吉周，森 英男, 寿命法を用いた重ね塗りPSP/TSPの圧力・温度同時計測方法, 可視化情報学会誌, Vol. 37, Suppl. 1, F113, 2017.07, The pressure measurement method using PSP (Pressure Sensitive Paint) is useful but the temperature dependence of PSP causes large error on the near atmospheric pressure. To solve this problem, DL-PTSP (dual-layer PSP/TSP) measurement method was devised for temperature compensation of PSP. The main idea of DL-PTSP is to stack up PSP layer on TSP (Temperature Sensitive Paint). We apply the lifetime-based method to DL-PTSP and separate the luminescence of PSP and TSP using the difference between their luminophore lifetimes. This method makes the simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature with a single camera possible, because it does not require changing the optical filters. In this study, we propose the method to analyze the luminescence decay using high-speed camera whose exposure time is comparable to the lifetime, to increase the SN ratio of luminescence intensity, and suggest the possibility of temperature compensation of the DL-PTSP.. |
| 8. | Hideo Mori, Kyohei Maeda, Masato Furukawa, Masao Akiyoshi, Measurement technique for unsteady low-speed flow fields using poly(TMSP)-based pressure sensitive paint, Proceedings of the ASME-JSME-KSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference, AJK2015-20700, 2015.07. |
| 9. | 森 英男, 前田恭平, 内田祐樹, 竹田敬士郎, 古川 雅人, 秋吉雅夫, 塗装式PSPによる非定常低速流れ場の計測, 可視化情報学会誌, Vol. 35, Suppl. 1, 169-172, 2015.07. |
| 10. | 森 英男, 前田恭平, 川幡宏亮, 古川 雅人, 文吉周, 秋吉雅夫, ポリマー型感圧塗料を用いた低周波数低振幅の非定常圧力変動計測, 日本機械学会, 10.1299/transjsme.15-00058, 81, 826, 2015.06. |
| 11. | 森 英男, 大村尚登, 前田恭平, 大渕貴之, 低ゲージ圧複雑流動場におけるPSPの精度向上手法, 可視化情報学会誌, Vol. 34, Suppl. 1, 195-198, 2014.07. |
| 12. | Hideo Mori, Naoto Omura, Kyohei Maeda, Takayuki Ohbuchi, Susumu Nakano, Hideki Ono, Yuta Yanase, Imaging measurement of the pressure distribution using dual-layer PSP/TSP in the supersonic flow field with shockwaves, 16th International Symposium on Flow Visualization, June 24-28, 2014, Okinawa, Japan, ISFV16-1064., 2014.06, We apply pressure sensitive paint (PSP) to quantitative analysis of pressure distribution and visualization of shockwave structures on a sidewall in a supersonic flow passing through a turbine cascade. To compensate for the temperature dependence of PSP, we apply dual-layer PSP/TSP, the combination method of PSP and temperature sensitive paint (TSP) based on luminescent nanoparticles of ZnS-AgInS2 (ZAIS). Accuracy of the pressure measurement of the sidewall with non-uniform temperature distribution by the dual-layer PSP/TSP is examined in the supersonic wind tunnel tests, by comparing the pressure data obtained by the dual-layer PSP/TSP with those measured by pressure taps. The pressure distribution on the sidewall measured by the PSP component showed large error without temperature compensation, which is reduced effectively by the temperature compensation using the temperature distribution obtained by the TSP component. In addition, the shockwave structures visualized by the dual-layer PSP/TSP is compared with those obtained by the schlieren photograph. There is slight difference in shock angles and thickness between them, because the PSP visualizes the shockwave structure close to the sidewall while the schlieren photograph visualizes the shock structure in the mainstream.. |
| 13. | Kil Ju Moon, Hideo Mori, Yuichiro Ambe, Hiroaki Kawabata, Development of dual-layer PSP/TSP system for pressure and temperature measurements in low-speed flow field, ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference, AJK 2011 ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference, AJK 2011, 10.1115/AJK2011-11020, 1, 2767-2772, 2011.12, [URL], Pressure sensitive paint (PSP) and temperature sensitive paint (TSP) are useful measurement tools in measurement of pressure and temperature distribution on surfaces in airflows, and application of PSP and TSP in relatively low speed flow fields is highly demanded. However, temperature dependence of PSP will be the factor of an error in the pressure measurement, and therefore the temperature compensation is needed to obtain highly precise pressure distribution. To solve this problem, we apply new combining method. This is made by stacking up a PSP layer and a TSP layer. PSP emission and TSP emission can be separated each other using optical filters. Using this combining method, temperature distribution obtained by the TSP can be used for the temperature compensation of the PSP. In this research we call this combining method as "dual-layer PSP/TSP". We clarify that the sensitivity of the dual-layer PSP/TSP in low-speed flow fields against pressure and temperature is comparable to that of mono-layer PSP or TSP, showing the feasibility of the dual-layer PSP/TSP for the measurement in low-speed flow fields with the gauge pressure below 1kPa and temperature in the range of 10-20°C (283-293K). We also clarify that, using dual-layer PSP/TSP method, the accuracy of pressure data obtained by PSP increases by compensation of temperature which is obtained by TSP.. |
| 14. | Kil-Ju Moon, Yuichiro Ambe, Hiroaki Kawabata, Hideo Mori, Effect of Temperature Compensation for Dual-layer PSP/TSP in Low Speed Flow, Eighth International Conference on Flow Dynamics (ICFD2011), 570-571, 2011.11. |
| 15. | Hideo Mori, Toshizumi Yoshimoto, Kil-Ju Moon, Yusaku Inoue, A Priori Calibration of Pressure Sensitive Paint for Low-speed Flows, The 14th International Symposium on Flow Visualization, ISFV14-8E-1, 2010.06. |
| 16. | Yu Matsuda, Hideo Mori, Yoshiki Sakazaki, Toru Uchida, Suguru Suzuki, Hiroki Yamaguchi, Tomohide Niimi, Extension and characterization of pressure-sensitive molecular film, Experiments in Fluids, 10.1007/s00348-009-0694-6, 47, 6, 1025-1032, 2009.12, [URL], Pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) has the potential as a diagnostic tool for pressure measurement in high Knudsen number regime because it works as a so-called "molecular sensor". However, there are few reports concerning application of PSP to micro-devices, because conventional PSPs are too thick owing to polymer binders. In our previous work, we adopted the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique to fabricate the pressure-sensitive molecular film (PSMF) using Pd(II) Mesoporphyrin IX (PdMP), which has pressure sensitivity only in the low pressure range (below 130 Pa). In this study, aiming for pressure measurement under an atmospheric pressure condition, we have constructed four samples of PSMFs composed of Pt(II) Mesoporphyrin IX (PtMP), Pt(II) Mesoporphyrin IX dimethylester (PtMPDME), Pt(II) Protoporphyrin IX (PtPP) and Cu(II) Mesoporphyrin IX dimethylester (CuMPDME) as luminescent molecules. The pressure sensitivity of those PSMFs was measured, and it was clarified that the pressure sensitivity of PSMF-PtMP is the highest among the four samples. Moreover, the temperature dependency of PSMF-PtMP was investigated, and we found that the temperature dependency of PSMF is dominated not by the oxygen diffusion in the layer, but by non-radiative deactivation process of excited luminescent molecules.. |
| 17. | Hiroki Yamaguchi, Yu Matsuda, Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Discussion on measurement mechanism of pressure-sensitive paints, Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, 10.1016/j.snb.2009.07.022, 142, 1, 224-229, 2009.10, [URL], The pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) is a very useful tool to measure pressure distributions on surfaces. In general, a measured pressure distribution by the paint shows good agreement with that by pressure taps. The paint is considered to represent the thermodynamic pressure. Recently, the paint has been adopted to rarefied gas flows and micro/nanoflows, i.e. high Knudsen number regime, and exhibited feasibility of pressure measurement in wide range of flows. In this study, we have discussed the physical meaning of luminescent intensity emitted from the paint through high Knudsen number regime measurements. It is known that a pressure tap shows good agreement with surface pressure and not with thermodynamic pressure in this regime, because of the temperature jump. High Knudsen number flow is required to be treated as a molecular flow; thus we discussed the PSP measurement mechanism by the molecular kinetic theory. The pressure profile of PSP was examined by a DSMC numerical result, and it was verified that PSP indicates the surface pressure. The temperature sensitivity was also investigated analytically in detail in continuum flow regime to discuss the suggestion that "PSP measures pressure, not density" [H. Bell, E.T. Schairer, L.A. Hand, R.D. Mehta, Surface pressure measurements using luminescent coatings, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 33 (2001) 155-206]. From these analyses, however, we suggest that PSP measures a number flux of oxygen molecules toward the surface. The effect of a macroscopic flow against PSP in high Knudsen number flow is also discussed.. |
| 18. | Tomohide Niimi, Hideo Mori, Hiroki Yamaguchi, Yu Matsuda, Experimental analyses of high Knudsen number flows, International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinary Fluid Sciences, 10.1260/175683109789686691, 1, 3, 213-227, 2009.09, [URL], In late years, the necessity of high Knudsen number flows, such as highly rarefied gas flows with large mean free path and gaseous flows around nanodevices with small characteristic length have increased significantly, especially in fields of researches on space technology, surface science, fabrication of thin film for semi-conductor and so on. In this paper, we describe mainly the optical diagnostic techniques for the high Knudsen number flows, such as laser induced fluorescence (LIF), resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) and pressure sensitive molecular film (PSMF), and our experimental results obtained by the use of the techniques, i.e., applications of LIF to visualization of flow field structures including complicated shock wave system and to a measurement of rotational temperature, establishment of a REMPI system and its application to detection of rotational nonequilibrium in highly rarefied gas flows, and development of the suitable PSMF for low density and micro-scale gas flows.. |
| 19. | 山口浩樹，松田佑，森英男，新美智秀, 高クヌッセン数流れへの適用を通した感圧塗料の測定原理についての一考察, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 75巻752号、pp.730-735, 2009.04. |
| 20. | Y. Matsuda, Hideo Mori, Y. Sakazakf, T. Uchida, S. Suzuki, H. Yamaguchi, T. Niimi, Development of pressure sensitive molecular film as a measurement technique for micro-flows, AIP Conference Proceedings, 1084, 527-532, 2009.04, The pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) has potential as a diagnostic tool for pressure measurement in the high Knudsen number regime because it works as a so-called "molecular sensor". However, there are few reports concerning application of the PSP to micro devices, because the conventional PSP is too thick owing to the use of polymer binder. In our previous work, we have adopted Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique to fabricate pressure sensitive molecular films (PSMFs) using Pd(II) Mesoporphyrin IX (PdMP). The PSMF based on PdMP has pressure sensitivity only at low pressure range (below 3kPa). In this study, we have constructed PSMF composed of Pt(II) Mesoporphyrin IX (PtMP) to be applied to pressure measurement near atmospheric pressure. The pressure sensitivity of PSMF based on PtMP has been tested, and it is clarified that the PSMF of PtMP has equivalent pressure sensitivity of polymer PSP. Moreover, we have applied PSMF to measurement of pressure distribution of micro-channel gas flow, showing its usefulness.. |
| 21. | Hideo Mori, H. Yamaguchi, K. Kataoka, N. Sugiyama, K. Ide, T. Niimi, Measurement and analysis of rotational energy of nitrogen molecular beam by REMPI, 26th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, RGD26 AIP Conference Proceedings, 1084, 551-556, 2009.04, Molecular beams are powerful tools for diagnoses of solid surfaces and gas-surface interaction tests. Unfortunately, there are very few reports about experimental analysis of internal energy distribution (e.g. rotational energy) of molecular beams of diatomic or polyatomic molecules, because measurement of internal energy distribution is very difficult. Spectroscopic measurement techniques based on resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) is very powerful for measurement in highly rarefied gas flows. In this study, the REMPI method is applied to measurement of rotational energy distribution of nitrogen molecular beams. The REMPI spectrum of the molecular beam indicates the rotational temperature higher than the translational temperature of 7.2 K estimated by assuming isentropic flows. The O and P branches of the REMPI spectrum correspond to the rotational temperature of 30 K, but the S branch of the spectrum deviates from that at 30 K. It seems to be because the non-equilibrium rotational energy distribution of the molecular beam deviates from the Boltzmann distribution.. |
| 22. | 松田佑，森英男，山口浩樹，坂崎良樹，内田徹，新美智秀, 白金ポルフィリン錯体を用いた感圧分子膜の開発, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 74巻738号、385-391, 2008.02. |
| 23. | Hideo Mori, Yu Matsuda, Hiroki Yamaguchi, Yoshiki Sakazaki, Toru Uchida, Tomohide Niimi, Development of pressure sensitive molecular film suitable for measurement in high knudsen number flows, 2007 ASME/JSME Thermal Engineering Summer Heat Transfer Conference, HT 2007 2007 Proceedings of the ASME/JSME Thermal Engineering Summer Heat Transfer Conference - HT 2007, 10.1115/HT2007-32632, 1, 53-58, 2007.12, [URL], Pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique is based on the interaction of oxygen molecules with luminescent molecules, and it seems suitable for analyses of high Knudsen number flows which require diagnostic tools in the molecular level. However, application of the PSP technique to micro-devices is still very difficult because of the thickness of PSP layers of the order of microns and the aggregation of luminescent molecules caused by the "painting" methods. To resolve the problems of ordinary PSPs mentioned above, we adopt the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method to fabricate pressure sensitive molecular films (PSMFs) having nanometer order thickness. The fundamental properties of the PSMFs such as the pressure sensitivity and the surface roughness are examined, to evaluate the feasibility of the PSMF technique for pressure measurement around micro-devices. A PSMF based on palladium (II) mesoporphyrin IX shows high pressure sensitivity in low pressure regime, while a PSMF based on platinum (II) mesoporphyrin IX is optimum for atmospheric pressure. It is also clarified that the PSMFs do not degrade the roughness of solid surfaces. The results indicate the feasibility of the PSMF technique for pressure measurement in high Knudsen number flows such as micro flows.. |
| 24. | Hiroki Yamaguchi, Yu Matsuda, Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Discussion on luminescent intensity of pressure sensitive paint, 2007 ASME/JSME Thermal Engineering Summer Heat Transfer Conference, HT 2007 2007 Proceedings of the ASME/JSME Thermal Engineering Summer Heat Transfer Conference - HT 2007, 10.1115/HT2007-32712, 1, 87-90, 2007.12, [URL], The Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) is very useful and easy way to obtain the pressure distribution on surfaces. Therefore the PSP has been adopted to various flow fields to obtain pressure distributions, showing good agreement with other methods, such as a pressure tap. Many kinds of flow fields have been used in the manufacturing process, like small scale, low pressure and/or high speed flows; for example, semiconductor manufacturing processes where a mean free path of gas molecules is large, and micro-/nano-systems where a characteristic length is small. Recently the PSP is applied to these high Knudsen number flows. Usually it is considered that the luminescent of the PSP represents the surface pressure, but it is not clear yet that this "pressure" means "static" or "total" pressure. The PSP is considered to be in the boundary layer, leading to the local equilibrium of oxygen molecular density between in the gas phase and in the PSP is achieved. This becomes a large problem especially in the high Knudsen number regime. The mechanism of the PSP has been mainly discussed focused on the luminescence intensity and the oxygen quenching of luminescent molecules. Here, in this study, we tried to relate the flux of oxygen molecules and the surface pressure to the luminescence intensity of the PSP, and clarify the limit of application from the molecular kinetics point of view. The main target of this problem was in the high Knudsen number and the high Mach number flow fields.. |
| 25. | Yu Matsuda, Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Hiroyuki Uenishi, Madoka Hirako, Development of pressure sensitive molecular film applicable to pressure measurement for high Knudsen number flows, Experiments in Fluids, 10.1007/s00348-007-0259-5, 42, 4, 543-550, 2007.04, [URL], Experimental analyses of thermo-fluid phenomena of micro- and nano-flows with high Knudsen number need the measurement techniques based on interaction of atoms or molecules with photons. The pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) technique has potential as a diagnostic tool for pressure measurement in the high Knudsen number regime because it works as a so-called "molecular sensor". However, application of PSP to micro devices is very difficult because the conventional PSP is too thick owing to the use of polymer binder and does not have sufficient spatial resolution for pressure measurement of micro-flows. In this study, we have adopted the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique to fabricate pressure sensitive molecular films (PSMFs) using Pd(II) Octaethylporphine (PdOEP) and Pd(II) Mesoporphyrin IX (PdMP) to resolve ordinary PSPs problems, and have tested these PSMFs to evaluate the feasibility of the pressure measurement around micro-devices. It is clarified that the PSMF composed of PdMP has higher sensitivity than that of PdOEP. Since it is also considered that the sensitivity of PSMFs can be increased by introducing arachidic acid (AA) as spacer molecules of LB films to prevent the aggregation of luminescent molecules, we have produced PSMFs with several molar ratio of PdMP to AA. At the most suitable ratio, the PSMF has high sensitivity in the low pressure region with high Knudsen number, even if the amount of the luminescent molecules in the PSMF layer is smaller than that in conventional PSPs. This result indicates that the PSMF is feasible to measure the pressure in high Knudsen number flows such as micro-flows.. |
| 26. | 山口浩樹，松田佑，森英男，新美智秀, 感圧塗料の測定原理についての一考察, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 73巻725号、112-117, 2007.01. |
| 27. | Hideo Mori, Yu Matsuda, Tomohide Niimi, Hiroyuki Uenishi, Yoshiki Sakazaki, Development of pressure sensitive molecular film as a measurement technique for micro-and nano-devices, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Micro-Nano Mechanical and Human Science, MHS 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Micro-Nano Mechanical and Human Science, MHS, 10.1109/MHS.2006.320288, 2006.12, [URL], Gas flows in micro- and nano-systems having high Knudsen number must be treated as molecular flows, and experimental analyses of thermo-fluid phenomena in micro- and nano-systems need measurement techniques employing "molecular sensors". However, such measurement techniques are behind in development compared with molecular simulation techniques for numerical analyses. Pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique is based on the interaction of oxygen molecules with luminescent molecules, and it seems suitable for analyses of high Knudsen number flows, which require diagnostic tools in the molecular level. In this study, we fabricate pressure sensitive molecular films (PSMF) with very small thickness based on the PSP technique and the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film technique. It is clarified that the PSMF composed of palladium (II) mesoporphyrin IX (PdMP) as a luminophore and arachidic acid as a buffer has comparable pressure sensitivity with conventional PSPs in low pressure regime with high Knudsen number, even if the amount of the luminescent molecules in the PSMF layer is much smaller than that in conventional PSPs. The results indicate the feasibility of PSMF technique for pressure measurement in high Knudsen number flows such as micro flows.. |
| 28. | 谷口真潮，森英男，西平竜太郎，新美智秀, NO-LIF及びPSPを用いたリニアエアロスパイクノズルに対する側壁の効果の実験的調査, 可視化情報学会論文集, 26巻10号、pp.97-104, 2006.10. |
| 29. | 松田佑，森英男，新美智秀，上西裕之，平光円, 高クヌッセン数流れでの圧力計測に適した感圧分子膜の開発, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 72巻718号、1475-1482, 2006.06. |
| 30. | Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Madoka Hirako and Hiroyuki Uenishi, Pressure sensitive paint suitable to high Knudsen number regime, Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 17, pp. 1242-1246, 2006.06. |
| 31. | 谷口真潮，森英男，西平竜太郎，新美智秀, クラスター型リニアエアロスパイクノズル噴流のNO-LIF及びPSPを用いた実験的解析, 可視化情報学会論文集, 26巻2号、pp.13-18, 2006.02. |
| 32. | Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Mashio Taniguchi, Ryutaro Nishihira, Atsushi Fukushima, Experimental analyses of linear-type aerospike nozzles with sidewalls, 21st International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities, 2005, ICIASF'05 ICIASF'05 Record - 21st International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities, 2005, 2005, 145-149, 2005.12, Aerospike nozzles have expected to be used for reusable space shuttles (single-stage-to-orbit: SSTO) to respond to growing demand for rocket launching at low cost. Unlike bell-type nozzles causing a big thrust loss due to over-expansion at low altitudes, aerospike nozzles expand combustion gas equilibrating with ambient pressure at any altitude, and the nominal expansion ratio is adjusted automatically to the suitable one. In this study, flow field structures in any cross sections around a linear-type aerospike nozzle are visualized and analyzed using NO-LIF. Since the flow field structures are affected mainly by the pressure ratio, the linear-type aerospike nozzle is set inside a vacuum chamber to carry out the experiments in the wide range of pressure ratios. A novel technique for measurement of surface pressure, the pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique, is also applied successfully to measurement of the complicated pressure distribution on the spike surface. We have analysed flow fields of linear-type aerospike nozzles in detail by the two techniques for visualization and measurement, especially to demonstrate the effect of sidewalls to prevent the undesirable lateral expansion.. |
| 33. | Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Isao Akiyama and Takumi Tsuzuki, Experimental Detection of Rotational Non-Boltzmann Distribution in Supersonic Free Molecular Nitrogen Flows, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 17, No. 117103, 2005.11. |
| 34. | Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Madoka Hirako and Hiroyuki Uenishi, Molecular Number Flux Detection using Oxygen Sensitive Luminophore, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 17, No. 100610, 2005.10. |
| 35. | Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Madoka Hirako, Yusuke Oshima, Application of PSP to surface pressure measurement in high knudsen number flows, 24th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, RGD24 RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 24th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, RGD24, 10.1063/1.1941715, 1319-1324, 2005.05, [URL], The pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique has the capability to be applied to high Knudsen number flows, such as low density gas flows, micro-flows, and so on. In this study, to inspect the feasibility of PSP for measurement of pressure on a solid surface in the high Knudsen number flows, fundamental properties of three types of PSP [PdTFPP, PdOEP and PtTFPP bound by poly(TMSP)] are examined especially in the range of pressure below 130 Pa (about 1 Torr). The pressure sensitivity against nitrogen monoxide is also examined for the above PSPs, to develop a technique for the composite measurement of the flow field structure and the surface pressure, using NO-LIF and PSP, respectively. As an application of PSP to low density gas flows, we measure the pressure distribution on a jet-impinging solid surface using PdOEP/poly(TMSP) with very high pressure sensitivity.. |
| 36. | Mashio Taniguchi, Hideo Mori, Ryutaro Nishihira, Tomohide Niimi, Experimental analyses of flow field structures around clustered linear aerospike nozzles, 24th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, RGD24 RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 24th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, RGD24, 10.1063/1.1941561, 349-354, 2005.05, [URL], An aerospike nozzle has been expected as a candidate for an engine of a reusable space shuttle to respond to growing demand for rocket-launching and its cost reduction. In this study, the flow field structures in any cross sections around clustered linear aerospike nozzles are visualized and analyzed, using laser induced fluorescence (LIF) of NO seeded in the carrier gas N2. Since flow field structures are affected mainly by pressure ratio (P s/Pa, Ps: the source pressure in a reservoir, Pa: the ambient pressure in the vacuum chamber), the clustered linear aerospike nozzle is set inside a vacuum chamber to carry out the experiments in the wide range of pressure ratios from 75 to 200. Flow fields are visualized in several cross-sections, demonstrating the complicated three-dimensional flow field structures. Pressure sensitive paint (PSP) of PtTFPP bound by poly-IBM-co-TFEM is also applied to measurement of the complicated pressure distribution on the spike surface, and to verification of contribution of a truncation plane to the thrust. Finally, to examine the effect of the sidewalls attached to the aerospike nozzle, the flow fields around the nozzle with the sidewalls are compared with those without sidewalls.. |
| 37. | 森英男，新美智秀，秋山勇雄，都築巧, 超音速自由分子流における非ボルツマン回転エネルギー分布の実験的解析, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 71巻702号、436-441, 2005.02. |
| 38. | T. Niimi, M. Yoshida, M. Kondo, Y. Oshima, H. Mori, Y. Egami, K. Asai, and H. Nishide , Application of Pressure-Sensitive Paints to Low Pressure Range, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Vol.19, No.1, pp. 9-16, 2005.01. |
| 39. | Matsuda Yu, Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Hiroyuki Uenishi, Madoka Hirako, Application of pressure sensitive luminophores for micro- and nano-systems, 2005 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science, Eighth Symposium on Micro- and Nano-Mechatronics for Information-Based Society - The 21st Century COE Program Proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science, Eighth Symposium on Micro- and Nano-Mechatronics for Information-Based Society - The 21st Century COE Progr, 10.1109/MHS.2005.1590002, 2005, 267-272, 2005, [URL], Experimental analyses of thermo-fluid phenomena of micro- and nano-flows with high Knudsen number need the measurement techniques based on interaction of atoms or molecules with photons. The pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique has the capability to be applied to high Knudsen number flows, such as micro-flows and low density gas flows. In this study, to inspect the feasibility of PSP for measurement of pressure on a solid surface in high Knudsen number flows, fundamental properties of PSPs are examined especially in the range of pressure below 1 Torr. As an application of PSP to measurement in high Knudsen number conditions, the pressure distribution on a jet-impinging small solid surface is measured. However, application of the PSP technique to a micro-system is very difficult, because of large thickness of conventional PSPs. Therefore, we have adopted Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method to fabricate a pressure sensitive molecular film (PSMF) applicable to pressure measurement around micro/nano devices. Finally, the dependence of luminescence intensity of PSP on the molecular number flux onto the solid surface is discussed, because molecular number flux is an important quantity to analyze the interaction between high Knudsen number flows and solid surfaces.. |
| 40. | 森英男，新美智秀，大島佑介，平光円, 高クヌッセン数流れ中の表面圧力計測に適した感圧塗料の開発, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 70巻699号、2721-2728, 2004.11. |
| 41. | 新美智秀，森英男，岡部和毅，政井佑介，谷口真潮, クラスター型リニアエアロスパイクノズル噴流の可視化と構造解析, 日本航空宇宙学会論文集, 52巻605号, pp.235-240, 2004.06. |
| 42. | Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Masaki Yoshida, Makoto Kondo and Yusuke Oshima, Application of PSP to low density gas flows, Journal of Visualization, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 55-62, 2004.03. |
| 43. | Hideo Mori, Tomohide Niimi, Madoka Hirako, Hiroyuki Uenishi, Pressure sensitive luminophores for micro-and nano-systems, 2004 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMecahtronics and Human Science, MHS2004; The Fourth Symposium 'Micro-NanoMechatronics for and Information-Based Society' The 21st Century COE Program, Nagoya University, Micro-Nano COE Proc. of the 2004 Int. Symp. on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Sci., MHS2004; The Fourth Symp. 'Micro-NanoMechatronics for an Inf.-Based Soc. 'The 21st Century COE Program, Nagoya Univ., Micro-Nano, 225-230, 2004, Experimental analyses of thermo-fluid phenomena of micro- and nano-flows with high Knudsen number need the measurement techniques based on atoms or molecules, such as emission and absorption of photons. The pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique has the capability to be applied to high Knudsen number flows, such as micro-flows and low density gas flows. In this study, to inspect the feasibility of PSP for measurement of pressure on a solid surface in high Knudsen number flows, fundamental properties of three types of PSP [PdTFPP, PdOEP and PtTFPP bound by poly(TMSP)] are examined especially in the range of pressure below 1 Torr. The pressure sensitivity against nitrogen monoxide is also examined for the above PSPs, to develop a technique for the composite measurement of flow field structure and surface pressure, using NO-LIF and PSP, respectively. As an application of PSP to measurement in high Knudsen number conditions, we measure the pressure distribution on a jet-impinging small solid surface using PdOEP/poly(TMSP) with very high sensitivity.. |
| 44. | Carl Dankert, Hideo Mori, Flow velocity measurements in nitrogen plumes stimulated by REMPI, ICIASF '03: 20th International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities ICIASF Record, International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities, 304-308, 2003.12, In the DLR-high vacuum plume test facility STG, experiments have been performed to study the expansion of supersonic plumes into vacuum with N 2 as a test gas. The measured values were the Pitot pressure, the molecular number flux, the rotational temperature and the density. The last two quantities were measured by the 2+2 REMPI-technique with a stimulation wavelength of 283-284 nm (REMPI = resonance enhanced multi photon ionization). This method is also suitable to measure the absolute flow velocity by the ion time-of-flight (TOF) method, The apparatus for the combination of the REMPI and TOF technique is similar to that for the TOF experiments using electron beam bombardment, but a focused laser beam is used instead of an electron beam. The results of such laser measurements in highly rarefied plumes for several stagnation temperatures are presented with nitrogen as test gas. On-axis results fit well with the theoretical limiting velocity for perfect expansion; angular velocity profiles off-axis are discussed and compared to theory. This study is focused on the experimental procedure to measure the flow velocity of N2 in rarefied plumes expanding from supersonic nozzles into vacuum.. |
| 45. | 森英男, 新美智秀, 丹羽健二, 秋山勇雄, REMPIによる超音速自由分子流における回転温度非平衡現象の解析に関する研究, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 69巻679号、623-629, 2003.03. |
| 46. | 新美智秀，吉田昌記，近藤誠，大島佑介，森英男，江上泰広，浅井圭介， 西出宏之, PSPの低圧力域における基礎特性に関する研究, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 68巻676号、3360-3368, 2002.12. |
| 47. | Hideo Mori, Toshihiko Ishida, Yoshinori Aoki, Tomohide Niimi, Spectroscopic study of REMPI for rotational temperature measurement in highly rarefied gas flows, 22nd International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics Rarefied Gas Dynamics 22nd International Symposium, 10.1063/1.1407662, 956-963, 2001.08, [URL], A measurement technique of thermodynamic variables with high sensitivity is strongly demanded for analyses of highly rarefied gas flows. REMPI (Resonantly Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization) is a powerful optical tool because of its high sensitivity even in highly rarefied gas flows and ability to measure nonequilibrium among internal (translational, vibrational, and rotational) energy. In this study, to investigate fundamental properties of REMPI signal, the experimental apparatus of 2R N2-REMPI is constructed and the REMPI spectra are measured along the center line of a free molecular jet. A method of Boltzmann plot using the spectral lines of both O and P branches is proposed, determining electronic transition dipole moments in Hönl-London factors experimentally from the relative line strength of O and P branches. Then an effect of an experimental noise on a rotational temperature measured by the Boltzmann plot becomes smaller because the number of the lines used for the plot increases. By using the factors, simulated spectra agree well with experimental ones, suggesting feasibility of rotational temperature measurement by a spectral fitting.. |
| 48. | Hideo Mori, Toshihiko Ishida, Yoshinori Aoki, and Tomohide Niimi , A Study on REMPI as a Measurement Technique for Highly Rarefied Gas Flows (Analyses of Experimental REMPI Spectra in Supersonic Free Molecular Flows), JSME International Journal, Series B, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp.388-394, 2001.03. |
| 49. | T. Niimi, Hideo Mori, T. Ishida, A. Takasu, K. Niwa, Application of REMPI to highly rarefied gas flows, 19th International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities (ICIASF 2001) ICIASF Record, International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities, 256-261, 2001.01, In this study, the experimental system for 2R+2 N2-REMPI (Resonantly Enhanced Multi-Photon Ionization) is established and applied to measurement of the rotational temperature in a supersonic free molecular nitrogen flow. In the 2R+2 N2 REMPI technique, nitrogen molecules are ionized by two steps from the ground state to the resonance state by 2 photons and from the resonance state to the ionization state by 2 photons. The nitrogen ions are detected as a signal and its spectra depending on the wavelength of an irradiated laser beam are analyzed to measure the rotational temperature. The new Boltzmann plot method using spectral lines belonging to multiple branches is proposed to measure the rotational temperature more precisely, also showing the feasibility of the temperature measurement by the best fitting of the theoretical spectra to the experimental one. There appear the non-equilibrium phenomena in the highly rarefied gas flows, such as the translational and rotational non-equilibrium and the rotational non-equilibrium. The non-Boltzmann distribution (strong non-equilibrium) of the rotational mode in the ground state is found in the free molecular nitrogen flow using the REMPI technique.. |
| 50. | 森英男，石田敏彦，青木義典，新美智秀, REMPIによる超希薄気体流計測に関する研究（超音速自由分子流におけるREMPIスペクトルの解析）, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 66巻645号、1373-1379, 2000.05. |
| 51. | Hideo Mori, Toshihiko Ishida, Shigeyuki Hayashi, Yoshinori Aoki, and Tomohide Niimi , A Study on REMPI as a Measurement Technique for Highly Rarefied Gas Flows (Simulation and Its Fundamental Properties of REMPI Spectra), JSME International Journal, Series B, Vol. 43, No. 3, pp.400-406, 2000.03. |
| 52. | 森英男，石田敏彦，林繁幸，青木義典，新美智秀, REMPIによる超希薄気体流計測に関する研究（REMPIスペクトルのシミュレーションとその基本特性）, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 65巻637号、3035-3041, 1999.09. |
| 53. | Hisao Suzuki, Hideo Mori, Yoichi Kurasawa, Yutaka Hara, and Tomohide Niimi, Application of DFWM to Temperature Measurement of Gaseous Flows (Dependencies of DFWM Spectrum on Pump Intensity, Pressure, and Temperature), JSME International Journal, Series B, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp.111-118, 1999.01. |
| 54. | 鈴木久雄，森英男，倉沢陽一，原豊，新美智秀, 縮退四光波混合の気体流計測への応用（DFWMスペクトルのフィッティング), 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 64巻618号、428-435, 1998.02. |
| 55. | 鈴木久雄，森英男，倉沢陽一，原豊，新美智秀, 縮退四光波混合の気体流計測への応用（信号スペクトルのポンプ光強度，圧力，温度への依存性）, 日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編）, 64巻617号、120-127, 1998.01. |
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