局所から全球スケールまで、森林の生物集団にみられる様々な時空間的なパターンの記述と、それらを形成する階層的なメカニズムの解明に取り組んでいる。また、生物多様性の空間情報を用いた、社会経済的制約下での効率的・効果的な生態系管理の空間デザインに関する研究を行っている。
キーワード：森林管理、生物多様性、システム化保全計画法、群集集合、種分布モデリング
2021.04～2021.04.
海洋生物多様性ビッグデータ汎用化の基盤技術と海の豊かさを守る応用技術の開発
2021.10～2030.04, 代表者：久保田康裕, 琉球大学, 琉球大学（日本）
海の生き物分布（＝生物多様性の豊かさ）を高解像度で「見える化」することで、海洋生物多様性の保全や再生に関する活動を支援し、最終的には海洋生物ビッグデータを活用した収益を基に、基礎研究と保全事業を並行推進し、科学的な情報基盤の自立的運用メカニズムを確立することを目指す。.
主要原著論文
| 1. |
Buntarou Kusumoto, Yasuhiro Kubota, Takayuki Shiono, Fabricio Villalobos, Biogeographical origin effects on exotic plants colonization in the insular flora of Japan, Biological Invasions, 10.1007/s10530-021-02550-3, 2021.05, Understanding the mechanisms of biological invasion is fundamental for biodiversity conservation in the Anthropocene. This study focused on a large-scale colonization pattern of exotic seed plants, which include 1094 species characterized by different geographical origins, into the insular flora of Japan. We investigated a nation-wide pattern of species richness and phylogenetic structure (clustering/over-dispersion) of exotic and its recipient native species (4664 species). We tested the invasion hypotheses associated with environmental filtering, biological resistance of recipient assemblages, human disturbance and biogeographical origins of exotics. The exotics originated from the same (Palearctic and Indo-Malay) and adjacent (Nearctic and Oceanic) biogeographical regions were widely distributed across the country under temperate climate condition, whereas tropical exotic plants from remote regions (Afrotropic, Australasian, and Neotropical) colonized mainly the south-western parts of Japan. Exotic species richness and phylogenetic structure, especially those from the same/adjacent regions, were well explained by climatic, edaphic, and topographic factors, supporting the environmental filtering hypothesis. For all the biogeographical origins, exotic richness was positively associated with native richness, opposing the biological resistance hypothesis. Human disturbance was positively associated with exotic richness, while its relationships with the exotics’ phylogenetic structure varied according to their biogeographical origins. These findings indicate that site’s invasibility was determined by the combination of exotic’s biogeographical origins and abiotic/biotic conditions of its recipient native flora. Our results suggest that global warming may accelerate the northward expansion of tropical exotic plants while future land-use changes can promote biological invasion regardless of exotics’ origins.. |
| 2. |
Buntarou Kusumoto, Yasuhiro Kubota, Andrés Baselga, Carola Gómez‐Rodríguez, Thomas J. Matthews, Daniel J. Murphy, Takayuki Shiono, Community dissimilarity of angiosperm trees reveals deep‐time diversification across tropical and temperate forests, Journal of Vegetation Science, 10.1111/jvs.13017, 2021.03, Question
To better understand the influence of deep-time diversification on extant plant communities, we assessed how community dissimilarity increases with spatial and climatic distances at multiple taxonomic ranks (species, genus, family, and order) in angiosperm trees. We tested the prediction that the dissimilarity–distance relationship should change across taxonomic ranks depending on the deep-time diversification in different biogeographical regions reflecting geohistories and geographical settings.
Location
Global.
Methods
Using a data set of plot-based surveys across the globe (861 plots), we compiled a community composition matrix comprising 21,455 species, 2,741 genera, 240 families, and 57 orders. We then calculated Sørensen's pairwise dissimilarity (βsor), and its turnover (βsim) and nestedness (βsne) components, among plots within seven biogeographical regions. Finally, we modeled the relationships between the biotic dissimilarities and the spatial/climatic distances at each taxonomic rank, and compared them among regions.
Results
βsor and βsim increased with increasing spatial and climatic distance in all biogeographical regions: βsim was dominant in all biogeographical regions in general, while βsne showed relatively high contributions to total dissimilarity in the temperate regions with historically unstable climatic conditions. The βsim-distance curve was more saturated at smaller spatial scales in the tropics than in the temperate regions. In general, the curves became flatter at higher taxonomic ranks (order or family), with the exception of Africa, North America, and Australia, pointing to region-specific geographical constraints.
Conclusions
Compositional dissimilarity was generally shaped through the abrupt turnover of species along spatial/climatic gradients. The relatively high importance of the nestedness component in the temperate regions suggests that historical dispersal filters related to extinction/colonization may play important roles. Region-specific changes in the turnover and nestedness components across taxonomic ranks suggest differential imprints of historical diversification over deep evolutionary time in shaping extant diversity patterns in each biogeographical region.. |
| 3. |
Buntarou Kusumoto, Takayuki Shiono, Yasuhiro Kubota, Ethnobotany-informed trait ecology: measuring vulnerability of timber provisioning services across forest biomes in Japan, Biodiversity and Conservation, 10.1007/s10531-020-01974-y, 29, 7, 2297-2310, 2020.06. |
| 4. |
Buntarou Kusumoto, Mark J. Costello, Yasuhiro Kubota, Takayuki Shiono, Chi‐Lin Wei, Moriaki Yasuhara, Anne Chao, Global distribution of coral diversity: Biodiversity knowledge gradients related to spatial resolution, Ecological Research, 10.1111/1440-1703.12096, 35, 2, 315-326, 2020.03. |
所属学会名
日本生態学会
日本森林学会
国際生物地理学会
国際植生学会
学会大会・会議・シンポジウム等における役割
2017.03.13～2017.03.17, 国際シンポジウム 生物多様性保全科学の最前線：マクロ生態学とシステム化保全計画をつなぐ, 企画・講演.
2018.03.05～2018.03.05, Plant biodiversity in Asia: macroecological patterns and conservation planning, 企画・講演.
2019.05.13～2019.05.13, Symposium on Conservation of plant diversity in the East Asian islands: toward strengthen the effectiveness of ex-situ conservation, 企画・講演.
学会誌・雑誌・著書の編集への参加状況
2022.11～2023.11, Journal of Vegetation Science, 国際, 査読委員.
2014.01～2017.12, Ecological Research, 国内, ER次世代育成型エディター.
学術論文等の審査
| 年度 |
外国語雑誌査読論文数 |
日本語雑誌査読論文数 |
国際会議録査読論文数 |
国内会議録査読論文数 |
合計 |
| 2022年度 |
9 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
| 2021年度 |
11 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
12 |
| 2020年度 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
14 |
海外渡航状況, 海外での教育研究歴
Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, UnitedKingdom, 2017.12～2020.03.
ポスター最優秀賞, 日本生態学会, 2010.03.
生物資源環境科学府賞, 九州大学大学院生物資源環境科学府, 2011.03.
Ecological Research論文賞, 日本生態学会, 2014.03.
Ecological Research論文賞, 日本生態学会, 2018.03.
科学研究費補助金の採択状況(文部科学省、日本学術振興会)
2015年度～2017年度, 基盤研究(B), 分担, 東アジア島嶼の植物多様性の起源と維持：群集形成プロセスの階層的作用機構を探る.
2016年度～2019年度, 基盤研究(A), 分担, 太平洋イシサンゴ類の保全生物地理学：系統分類バイアスを考慮した群集形成機構の解明.
2017年度～2021年度, 基盤研究(A), 分担, 汎用型離散最適化システムの構築による拡散移動を伴う森林生態系サービスの経済評価.
2021年度～2023年度, 基盤研究(C), 代表, 種子の散布・生存・発芽特性を考慮した日本産樹木種の更新適地の将来予測.
2010年度～2011年度, 特別研究員奨励費, 代表, ツル植物が森林生態系の構造と機能に果たす役割のマルチスケール評価.
2015年度～2017年度, 若手研究(A,B), 代表, 亜熱帯林における群集形成プロセスの空間変異に着目した伐採インパクト評価.
日本学術振興会への採択状況(科学研究費補助金以外)
2021年度～2031年度, , 分担, 海洋生物多様性ビッグデータ汎用化の基盤技術と海の豊かさ を守る応用技術の開発.
2014年度～2016年度, 頭脳循環を加速する戦略的国際研究ネットワーク推進プログラム, 海洋生物多様性の進化生態学的形成プロセスと保全に関する国際共同研究.
2022年度～2023年度, 鹿島学術振興財団 2022 年度 研究助成, 分担, 生物多様性の保全に貢献する OECM のガバナンス構造に関する研究.
2015年度～2017年度, 環境研究総合推進費, 分担, 生態学的ビッグデータを基盤とした生物多様性パターンの予測と自然公園の実効力評価.
