| 1. |
Kanako Matsuse, Mostafa Abdelrahman, Nur Aeni Ariyanti, Fumitada Tsuji, Sho Hirata, Tetsuya Nakajima, Muneo Sato, Masami Yokota Hirai, Benya Manochai, Masayoshi Shigyo, Targeted Metabolome Profiling of Indonesian Shallots and Japanese Long-Day/Short-Day Bulb Onions, Metabolites, 10.3390/metabo12121260, 2023.03, In this study, targeted metabolome analysis was applied to identify the discriminative metabolites between Indonesian shallot landraces, Japanese long-day onion (LDO) varieties, and Japanese short-day onion (SDO) varieties. In total, 172 metabolite signal intensities were subjected to multivariate PLS-DA, VIP, and random forest modeling to gain further insight into genotype-specific metabolites. PLS-DA divides the examined genotypes into three different clusters, implying that shallot landraces exhibited a distinct metabolite profile compared with Japanese LDO and SDO varieties. The PLS-DA, VIP, and random forest results indicated that the shallot and LDO are richer in metabolite constituents in comparison with the SDO. Specifically, amino acids and organosulfur compounds were the key characteristic metabolites in shallot and LDO genotypes. The analysis of S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (ACSO) compounds showed higher accumulation in the shallot landraces relative to LDO and SDO varieties, which explains the stronger pungency and odor in shallots. In addition, the LDO showed higher ACSO content compared with the SDO, implying that long-day cultivation might enhance sulfur assimilation in the Japanese onion. The LDO ‘Super Kitamomiji’ and the shallots ‘Probolinggo’ and ‘Thailand’ showed higher ACSO content than other varieties, making it useful for Allium breeding to improve the flavor and stress tolerance of onions.. |
| 2. |
Keita Tomiyoshi, Junichiro Masuda, Sae Fujimori, Maiko Kurisaki, Misaki In, Junpei Ogata, Naoshi Murakami, Takahiro Matsuishi, Ikuo Miyajima,
Yuki Mizunoe, Kaori Sakai, Sho Hirata, Yukio Ozaki．, Characteristics and Genetic Control of Rhizome Coloration in Red Rhizome Lotus., Horticulture Journal., https://doi.org/10.2503/hortj.UTD-350, 2022.01. |
| 3. |
Mostafa Abdelrahman, Sho Hirata, Takuya Mukae, Tomohiro Yamada, Yuji Sawada, Magdi El-Syaed, Yutaka Yamada, Muneo Sato, Masami Yokota Hirai and Masayoshi Shigyo, Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling in Genetic Resources of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Collected from Different Geographical Regions, molecules , 10.3390/molecules26051415, 26, 5, 1415, 2021.03, Garlic (Allium sativum) is the second most important Allium crop that has been used as a vegetable and condiment from ancient times due to its characteristic flavor and taste. Although garlic is a sterile plant that reproduces vegetatively through cloves, garlic shows high biodiversity, as well as phenotypic plasticity and environmental adaptation capacity. To determine the possible mechanism underlying this phenomenon and to provide new genetic materials for the development of a novel garlic cultivar with useful agronomic traits, the metabolic profiles in the leaf tissue of 30 garlic accessions collected from different geographical regions, with a special focus on the Asian region, were investigated using LC/MS. In addition, the total saponin and fructan contents in the roots and cloves of the investigated garlic accessions were also evaluated. Total saponin and fructan contents did not separate the garlic accessions based on their geographical origin, implying that saponin and fructan contents were clone-specific and agroclimatic changes have affected the quantitative and qualitative levels of saponins in garlic over a long history of cultivation. Principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram clustering of the LC/MS-based metabolite profiling showed two major clusters. Specifically, many Japanese and Central Asia accessions were grouped in cluster I and showed high accumulations of flavonol glucosides, alliin, and methiin. On the other hand, garlic accessions grouped in cluster II exhibited a high accumulation of anthocyanin glucosides and amino acids. Although most of the accessions were not separated based on country of origin, the Central Asia accessions were clustered in one group, implying that these accessions exhibited distinct metabolic profiles. The present study provides useful information that can be used for germplasm selection and the development of new garlic varieties with beneficial biotic and abiotic stress-adaptive traits.. |
| 4. |
Mostafa Abdelrahman, Nur Aeni Ariyanti,Yuji Sawada, Fumitada Tsuji, Sho Hirata, Tran Thi Minh Hang, Mami Okamoto, Yutaka Yamada, Hiroshi Tsugawa, Masami Yokota Hirai, and Masayoshi Shigyo, Metabolome-Based Discrimination Analysis of Shallot Landraces and Bulb Onion Cultivars Associated with Differences in the Amino Acid and Flavonoid Profiles., molecules, 10.3390/molecules25225300, 25, 22, 5300, 2020.11. |
| 5. |
Akihiro Shimokawa, Yuki Tonooka, Misato Matsumoto, Sho Hirata, Hironori Ara, Hiroshi Suzuki, Naoki Yamauchi and Masayoshi Shigyo, Development of next-generation light irradiation techniques for Japanese plant factory system powered by light-emitting diode, Acta Horticulturae, 2019.06. |
| 6. |
Mostafa Abdelrahman, Sho Hirata, Yuji Sawada, Masami Yokota Hirai, Shusei Sato, Hideki Hirakawa, Yoko Mine, Keisuke Tanaka, Masayoshi Shigyo, Widely targeted metabolome and transcriptome landscapes of Allium fistulosum – A . cepa chromosome addition lines revealed a flavonoid hot spot on chromosome 5A, Scientific reports, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-39856-1, 9:3541, 2019.02. |
| 7. |
Nur Aeni Ariyanti, Kotaro Torikai, Rizky Pasthika Kirana, Sho Hirata, Endang Sulistyaningsih, Shin-ichi Ito, Naoki Yamauchi, Nobuo Kobayashi, Masayoshi Shigyo, Comparative Study on Phytochemical Variations in Japanese F1 Varieties of Bulb Onions and South-East Asian Shallot Landraces, Horticultural Science, 10.2503/hortj.OKD-066, 87, 1, 63-72, 2018.01, Wide-ranging varieties and/or strains of bulb onions (Allium cepa Common onion group) and shallots (A. cepa Aggregatum group) were utilized to understand the variation in chemical compounds responsible for their taste. The bulb samples of 10 F1 commercial onion varieties (seven short-day and three long-day varieties) from Japan and 12 shallot landraces from abroad (Vietnam: three landraces; Indonesia: nine landraces) were collected as plant materials once a year in 2014 and 2015. The contents of S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulfoxides, total flavonoids, and soluble sugars—including fructose, glucose, sucrose, and fructans—were determined to find differences between bulb onions and shallots, as well as to detect variations among varieties and/or landraces. While a principal component analysis (PCA) based on the results from both 2014 and 2015 could clearly discriminate shallots from bulb onions from a phytochemical perspective, bulb onions mainly had higher monosaccharides than shallots. By contrast, shallots produced more disaccharides than bulb onions. In most cases, regression analyses using the numerical data of the chemical compounds found in bulb onions and shallots suggested year-year correlations between 2014 and 2015. The flavonoid and PeCSO (S-(1-propenyl)-L- cysteine sulfoxide: isoalliin) contents in shallots were higher than those detected in bulb onions, which indicated the stronger pungent and bitter taste could be attributable to excess amounts of these compounds in this tropical plant.. |
| 8. |
＠Sho Hirata, ＠Mostafa Abdelrahman, ＠Naoki Yamauchi,＠Masayoshi Shigyo, Diversity evaluation based on morphological, physiological and isozyme variation in genetic resources of garlic (Allium sativum L.) collected worldwide, Genes & Genetic Systems（日本遺伝学会）, https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.15-00004, 91, 3, 161-173, 2016.06, The aim of this study was to obtain primary information about the global diver-
sity of garlic (Allium sativum L.) by evaluating morphological, physiological and isozyme variation. A total of 107 garlic accessions collected worldwide were grown in Yamaguchi, Japan. Five morphological traits (bulb weight, bulb diam- eter, number of cloves per bulb, number of bulbils and scape length) and one phys- iological trait (bolting period) of the collected garlic showed wide variation. Meanwhile, a total of 140 garlic accessions, including the 107 mentioned above, were characterized by leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) isozyme analyses; they clearly showed polymorphisms in putative isozyme loci (Lap-1, Lap-2 and Pgi-1). Allelic frequencies were estimated in each group of accessions categorized by their geographical origin, and the observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities were calculated. The allelic frequencies differed between groups. A principal component analysis based on morpho-physiological data indicated a grouping of the garlic accessions into Central Asian and Northern Mediterranean groups as well as others. We discuss the roles of artificial and natural selection that may have caused differentiation in these traits, on the assumption that ancestral domesticated garlic populations have adapted in vari- ous regions using standing variation or mutations that accumulated during expansion, and have evolved along with human-preferred traits over a long history of cultivation.. |
| 9. |
Sho Hirata,Mostafa Abdelrahman,Naoki Yamauchi,Masayoshi Shigyo, Characteristics of chemical components in genetic resources of garlic Allium sativum collected from all over the world, Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-015-0233-7, 63, 1, 35-45, 63:35–45, 2016.01, The aim of this work was to evaluate garlic diversity based on the production of chemical components in the bulbs and geographical distribution. A total of 103 garlic clones collected from worldwide sources were grown in Yamaguchi, Japan. The chemical contents–S-allyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide (AlCSO), and phenolic content—of garlic collections were determined by HPLC and Folin–Ciocalteu assay, respectively. Quantitative analysis of the chemical content showed wide variations between geographical collection sites. Morphological observation of inflorescence was performed, and clones were divided into four types according to their bolting traits: Type A—bolters, producing mainly florets; Type B—bolters, producing mainly bulbils; Type C—incomplete bolters; and Type D—non-bolters. The appearance frequencies of the bolting types varied depending on the latitude of the collection sites. A comparison of these four different types was carried out based on chemical composition data. Garlic clones that possessed florets showed a tendency for higher amount of AlCSO content than did Type B. Moreover, it was confirmed that as distance increased from high-latitude areas (Central Asia and The Northern Mediterranean), the garlic was more likely to produce bulbils in the inflorescence with lower AlCSO content and higher phenolic content. This research suggested that garlic’s transition of from sexual propagation to asexual (vegetative) propagation and changes in the chemical composition of the bulbs would have occurred in the process of expanding garlic cultivation. In conclusion, garlic seems to have obtained high environmental adaptability with these transitions and changes via artificial selection.. |
| 10. |
Nur Aeni Ariyanti, Vu Quynh Hoa, Ludmila I. Khrustaleva, Sho Hirata, Mostafa Abdelrahman, Shin-ichi Ito, Naoki Yamauchi and Masayoshi Shigyo, Production and characterization of alien chromosome addition lines in Allium fistulosum carrying extra chromosomes of Allium roylei using molecular and cytogenetic
analyses, Euphytica, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-015-1476-2, 206, 343–355, 2015.11. |
| 11. |
Mostafa Abdelrahman, Sho Hirata, Shin-ichi Ito, Naoki Yamauchi and Masayoshi Shigyo, Compartmentation and localization of bioactive metabolites in different organs of Allium roylei, Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 78(7), 1112–1122., 2014.11. |
